HISTORY OF USA 1. From The exploration of the continent to The Colonial Period

Gymnázium Pavla Jozefa ŠafárikaKód ITMS projektu: 26110130661Názov projektu: Kvalitou vzdelávania otvárame brány VŠ

Vzdelávacia oblasť: Jazyk a komunikácia

Predmet Anglický jazyk

Ročník, triedy: VIII.OA

Tematický celok: Reálie anglicky hovoriacich krajín

Vypracoval: Ing. Diana Matisová

Dátum: 6/2015

Obsah1. The USA and its beginnings2. The exploration of the continent3. The Colonial Period 1607-17754. Quick Quiz

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THE USA AND ITS BEGINNINGS

GREAT EXPLORERS

- the discoverer of America never stepped on the soil of the New World – America (14.October1492, landed on an island in Caribbean Sea – believed he is in Asia)

1. CHRISTOPHER COLOMBUS

2. VIKINGS-The Vikings perhaps landed on the northeast coast – in Newfoundland in Canada in 1000 – lack of materail evidence

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1. CHRISTOPHER COLOMBUS

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2. VIKINGS

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THE EXPLORATION OF THE CONTINENT

1497-1524AMERICA – named by a German cartographer after an Italian explorer, Amerigo Vespucci

EXPEDITIONSJohn Cabot – northeast coastJuan Ponce de Leon – FloridaGiovanni da Verrazano - New York BayFrancis Drake (1579) – on his voyage round the globe entered San Francisco BayHenry Hudson (1609) – discovered the Hudson River

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THE EXPLORATION OF THE CONTINENT

FRANCIS DRAKE

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

FIRST SETTLEMENTS

- Sir Walter Raleigh-established the first English colony and called it Virginia – in honour of the „virgin-queen“ – Elizabeth I.-The first British colonist were adventurous and impoverished gentlemen incapable of working the land – therefor early colonies in Virginia were completely failures. – „Lost Colony“

1584 VIRGINIA

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

1607 JAMESTOWN, VIRGINIA- the first successful settlement in Virginia was established in 1607, under King James I. – after whom it was called Jamestown (105 men in 3 ships).

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

LEGEND - POCAHONTAS

-Their leader (Jamestown) – Captain Smith , became later known for his association with the Indian Princess (young daughter of Chief Powhatan) – Pocahontas –, she saved Smith life, later- John Rolfea (got married).

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

- in 1620 a group of Puritan refugees from England, known as the Pilgrim Fathers, reached the coast of North America in their ship the Mayflower. They landed on the Massachusetts coast and founded a settlement – Plymouth – on memory of the English port – from which Mayflower set sail 103 passengers

1620 PLYMOUTH

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

NEW ENGLAND- this was the beginning of the northern English colonies in America. These first colonies in the North were called – New England

The settlers in New England- were completely different from the aristocratic adventurers further south, in Virginia. They were Puritan farmers and artisans – emigrated from England to escape the religious persecution under the Stuarts.-were hard-working, courageous, steadfast, thrifty, enterprising

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The Stuarts

The Colonial Period 1607-1775

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NEW ENGLAND- in 1620 -1640 some 30.000 Puritans settled in New England. -When the English revolution began (the Civil War 1640-1649) - the Puritan exodus slackened, but Royalist exodus began – emigrated to Virginia – bought large estates and established huge tobacco plantations

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A tobacoo plantation

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

- in 1600s Tobacco Plantations were established- Firstly labour was provided by „indentured servants“ – paupers from England and Scotland, evicted peasants from 1619- The first 20 Africans were brought to Virginia as Indentured servants-1660 – slavery was first recognized in Virgiania Law-White indentured labour was replaced by black slaves from Africa

Labour

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

Slave Plantations in the Colonial South

-Conditions: fertile soil, hilly coastal plains, forests, long rivers and swamp areas -Climate: Mild winters and hot, humid summers made it possible to grow crops throughout the year -Labour-based Slave Plantations -Various crops:Cotton PlantationsTobacco PlantationsRice PlantationsSugar Plantations Indigo Plantations

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Slave Trade

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Slave Plantations

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

The English colonies in the South

THE SOUTHERN AND THE NORTERN COLONIES

-Virginia, North Carolina

The English colonies in the North-New England

They were separated by a Dutch Colony (NY area 1624) at themouth of the Hudson river, its chief town was NewAmsterdam on Manhattan Island (bought from natives/Indians for $24)

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

New Amsterdam – New York

-1664 New Amsterdam was captured by the English and Charles II. granted this area to his brother James, Duke of York, after whom it was renamed New York.

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

Delaware

-A number of British, Dutch and Swedish settlers set up a colony DelawareCarolinas-A group of royal favourites under Charles II. received the CarolinasPennsylvania-William Penn, the son of admiral to whom a king owed money, received a collony which bears his name

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13 colonies

-English dominated the whole of the Atlantic coast with the exception of Florida

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

FRENCH COLONIES-The main rival of the English colonization of North America were the French-They had 2 colonies:1)New France (what is now Canada)2)Louisiana (in honour of Lois XIV, king of France) – stretching from Canada in the north to the mouth of Mississippi river in the southFrench controlled all the territory west of Appalachians

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The Colonial Period 1607-1775

The Seven Years War

WARS BETWEEN THE ENGLISH AND THE FRENCHIn the 18th century there were continual wars between theEnglish and the French.

- Ended in 1763 with the Peace of Paris- The English kept the territories they had conquered inAmerica (Canada and Fort Duquesne – Pittsburgh) andreceived all the territory east of the Mississippi except NewOrleansThe rest of the French province of Louiusiana was tranferredto Spain (New Orleans . 1800 returned to France)

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1803 Napoleon sold Louisiana , he needed money for his war in Europe.

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QUICK QUIZCHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

a) New York

b) North Carolina

c) Virginia

What is the name of the first colony established by British in USA?

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QUICK QUIZCHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

What was the name of the ship of Pilgrim fathers?

a) Yourflower

b) Mayflower

c) Pillgrim Father

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QUICK QUIZCHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

What was the original name of New York?

a) New Amsterdam

b) Old Amsterdam

c) Old York

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QUICK QUIZCHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

How many colonies did English have?

a)12

b) 13

c) 14

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QUICK QUIZCHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

How many colonies did French have?

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

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QUICK QUIZCHOOSE THE CORRECT ANSWER

Who was the victor of The Seven Years War?

a) French

b) English

c) Natives

• http://www.landofthebrave.info/slave-plantations.htm

• http://www.un.org/en/events/africandescentdecade/slave-trade.shtml

• http://slideplayer.com/slide/3834824/• http://nativeamericannetroots.net/diary/979• VESELÝ, K.: The English speaking countries – Reálie

anglicky mluvícíh zemí. Praha: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství 1985. 156-157 s.

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POUŽITÉ ZDROJE