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History of DanceMedieval - Baroque
Medieval TheatreConventions: - pre-
occupation with death & the dead- seizure-like movements
the Tarentella
a.k.a. “St. Vitus’ Dance”
Patron saint of the afflicted
Medieval TheatreThe Dance of the Dead
Stay in your graves, please!
Renaissance Dancethe court dance v. the peasant dance
Court Dance conventions:
• Chance to show off for others• Courtship “dance”• Unmarried men & women can
touch without being inappropriate• Skipping, jumping, twirling, group
dances, poses, glides
Renaissance Dance
Court dances:The Galliard – Q. Elizabeth’s favorite
dance? Somewhat improvised, very lively
The Minuet –
slow-paced partner dance, with much rising & bending
Renaissance Dance
Lavolta• Italian in origin• Name refers to the use of turns in the
dance• Uses music like the Galliard and begins
with Galliard steps until the couple turns to eachother
• A favorite of Elizabeth I
Renaissance Dance
a slow, walking dance done for ceremonies to show off
in front of nobility (known for hand turns)
Name refers to its origin in Padua, Italy
Renaissance Dance
Peasant Dance conventions…• Lively tempos• Large, wide steps• Performed in public areas, town squares, etc.
Baroque Dance
BalletLouis XIII participates as a dancer, composer,
and director
Louis XIV Excellent & enthusiastic dancer from age 13 (1615) through 1670
Baroque Dance - Ballet
Conventions:Under Louis XIII…• Elaborate spectacles of biblical tales & mythology
brought to court for entertainment (also Henry IV in England)
• Louis XIII participates (dancer, composer, director)
• Performances in front of City Hall (Paris) so townspeople can see it.
• Dance done by amateurs
Baroque Dance - Ballet
Conventions under Louis XIV…• Pierre Beauchamps – Louis XIV took lessons from
him most of his life• Jean-Baptiste Lully – composer & musician who
worked with Louis XIV• Forms Royal Academy of Music & Dance• 1661 – Louis XIV asks Beauchamps to record the
known foot & arm positions for ballet… these recording are the basis for all ballet technique
• Ballet becomes professional under Louis XIV, Beauchamps & Lully
Baroque Dance - Ballet
plie
Barre workPointe shoes
Baroque Dance - BalletPositions of the feet
1st position 2nd position
4th position 5th position
3rd position is 1st position with one foot ahead of the other
Baroque Dance - Ballet
Pas des deux & Arabesque position
Leaping men demonstrate their strength
The tutu
Baroque Theatre
Theatre Conventions
JACQUES CALLOT, The Combat at the Barrier, 1627
• Performances move inside & become more lavish spectacles
• Court theatre is dominated by Masques• Women are generally accepted on stage by the late
18th C
Stages & theatres
are decorated in same ornate style
Baroque Theatre - Opera
Teatro alla
Scala
Milan, Italy
Founded 1778
Libretto + score = Opera (“work” in italian)
Baroque Theatre - Opera
Opera starts in the courts… the first publically attended opera was in Venice in 1637
Claudio Monteverdi (Italy) Georges Frederic Handel (Germany)