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Historical Implications, Part 3. Historical Implications, Part 3 Melissa Aronson Lydia Abu-Rahmeh Margot Franco Martha Freewalt TESOL 507 Nona Hall September 25, 2013. African Americans Defined. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Historical Implications, Part 3
Historical Implications, Part 3Melissa Aronson
Lydia Abu-RahmehMargot Franco
Martha FreewaltTESOL 507Nona Hall
September 25, 2013
African Americans Defined
African Americans constitute the second largest racial and ethnic minority in the United States. Most African Americans are of West and Central African descent and are descendants of enslaved blacks
within the boundaries of the present United States.
The Path of African Migration to North America
1400’sIn 1492, Black navigator Pedro Aloso Nino arrived in
North America with Christopher Columbus & his crew.
1500’s
In the 1500’s African adventurers explored North and South America with Spanish explorers, including
Hernando de Soto.
1700’s
By the 1700’s, Spain, Portugal, France, and the
Netherlands began kidnapping and enslaving West Africans and selling them in the U.S. colonies.
Europe
300 Years of “Migration” Statistics
• 15-20 Million Africans were brought the North American as slaves.
• 1 million died en route.• 400,000 were sent to the 13
British colonies prior to the Revolutionary War.
• By 1790, there were 700,000 Africans in North American.
• By 1830, there were 2 million.
• By the start of the Civil War, there were 4 million.
“Migration” Milestones
• 1776: Due to pressure from the Southern states, the Declaration of Independence excluded Africans.
• 1787: Congress passes a law to extend the slave trade for 20 more years.
• 1791: Slave revolt in Haiti
• 1807: Congress passes laws banning slavery that are ignored by the South.
• 1831-1861: 750,000 Africans migrate North on the Underground Railroad
• 1863: Emancipation Proclamation
• 1865: The 13th Amendment is passed banning African slavery forever.
Migration Milestones
• 1870: Africans migrate to the North & West United States.
• 1890: Africans migrate to the Northeast and Midwest
• 1920: 750,000 Africans left the South in 1 year. This was known as the Great Migration.
African Americans Today
1990 - Present
The U.S. Census reveals an increase in the African American population to 12 percent of the total U.S.
population, with over 50 percent of all African Americans still residing in southern states.