HIST 2117: Modern GermanySpring 2013

Lecture Twenty-One: Cold War and a Divided Germany

Ending the War

• Allied War Aims• Teheran and Yalta Conferences• Peace Principles• United Nations• Territorial Settlement• Occupation Zones

Chaotic Conclusion

• Russian Retribution• Heimatvertriebene• The Toll of Destruction• Potsdam Conference• Spread of Communism

De-Nazification

• Local De-Nazification• Destruction of Symbols• Accommodation with Local Authorities• Nuremberg Trials

The Cold War

• Solidification of Occupation Zones• Truman Doctrine• Czechoslovakia• Marshall Plan• Berlin Airlift• Soviet A-Bomb Test 1949

Two Germanies

• Walter Ulbricht -- Sozialistische Einheitspartei (SED)• Russian Reparations• Konrad Adenauer -- Christlich-Demokratische Union

(CDU)• Ambivalence of the SPD• Currency Reform • Formation of Federal Republic -- Basic Law• First Election 1949• Selection of a Capital

East Germany

• Establishment of German Democratic Republic (DDR)

• Introduction of Five Year Plan• Workers Uprising 1953• Escape to the West• Building the Berlin Wall

West Germany

• The “Wirtschaftswunder”• The End of De-Nazification• Reintegration into the Democratic West• From European Coal and Steel Community to

European Economic Community• NATO and Germany as Front Lines of Cold War