Hindu Time concepts

7/30/2019 Hindu Time concepts

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Generally many interested to learn many things on Hindus cosmology.. But, could not

have read many of the wonderful things and also most amazing advancement made by the

Vedic people known to very few only. It is more scientific!Anyhow, many of us know generally existing Time concepts in other culture. But, not

Vedic time concepts and related Cosmogony!

Some of the very ancient version of time concepts with accuracy still existing only in

Vedic culture. Mathematical advancement made by Vedic people both in micro and

macro level definitely most amazing.This is brilliant creation of Vedic Rishis and Sages of ancient India.

Hindu religion originally called as Sanadhan Dharma only, meaning Most ancient

Dharma or religion. Hindus is the later coinage of the outsiders to denote the people who

lived in Indus region and beyond.

Micro level Time concepts of Hindus

Hindus has given the idea of the smallest and the largest measure of time from theantiquity.

Krati Krati = 34,000th of a second1 Truti = 300th of a second

2 Truti = 1 Luv

2 Luv = 1 Kshana30 Kshana = 1 Vipal

60 Vipal = 1 Pal

60 Pal = 1 Ghadi (24 minutes)

2.5 Gadhi = 1 Hora (1 hour)24 Hora = 1 Divas (1 day)

7 Divas = 1 saptaah (1 week)4 Saptaah = 1 Maas (1 month)2 Maas = 1 Rutu (1 season)

6 Rutu = 1 Varsh (1 year)

1. Thithi: This is the distance between the Sun and the Moon in the stratosphere

representing in terms of time to traverse as the lunar day approximately 30 of which

make a lunar month. The month itself is divided into two fortnights of 15 Thithis each

and called 'Paksha'. The period from the full moon day ( Pournami) to the New moon day(Amavasya) is called the 'Krishna Paksha' - dark fortnight. and the period from the New

moon to the full moon is called 'Sukla paksha'- the bright fortnight.

2.. Vaara: Vaara or Vasara refers to the day of the week. The days correspond to the daysfollowed in the Western Calendar. 3. Nakshatra: the star ruling over any day is decided

by the sojourn of the moon on its journey through the 12 zodiacal spheres in a cyclical

manner. The moon sojourns in each sphere for approximately 2 1/2 days so that it wouldcomplete the 12 spheres in 30 days. There are 27 stars listed in the almanac, each having

4 quarters (Padas). Thus, there are 27 x 4= 108 Padas


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4. Yoga: This Yoga is different from the Yoga we discussed under Karma yoga, Gnana

yoga , Bhakti yoga etc. Yoga here refers to the total distance traversed by the Sun and the

Moon from any specified point. Like Nakshatra, 27 yogas have been listed5. Karana : This represents half the period of Thithi which we saw earlier. There are 11

Karanas listed in the almanac. The Sun also moves through these zodiacal Raasis. The

Sun sojourns in each Raasi(zodiac) for approximately one month. Completing the roundin one year. The other planets also move through these zodiacal stations taking varying

lengths of time to traverse each ( e.g.) Jupiter, Rahu and Ketu take about one year while

Saturn takes about 2 1/2 years6. MASA (MONTHS): There are 12 months as in the Western Calendar

7. RITU (Seasons): Unlike the Western calendar which has only 4 seasons of Spring,

Summer, Fall and Winter, the Hindu calendar has 6 seasons of 2 months' duration called

'Ritus':

8. AYANA (Half - Years): The year is also divided into 2 half - years called Ayanas.: 1.

The period beginning from Makara to the end of Mithuna is called Uttarayana to denote

the Sun's movement from the tropic of Capricorn NORTHWARDS to the tropic ofCancer. 2. The period beginning from Kataka to the end of Dhanus is called

Dakshinayana.

9. CYCLE OF YEARS: The Hindu calendar lists a cycle of 60 years from Prabhava to

Akshaya MACRO LEVEL COMPUTATIONS Now, let us take the Macro levelcomputations.

Several technical terms have been used to denote the mega computations of time. like 1.

YUGAS, 2. MAHAYUGAS, 3. MANVANTARAS, 4. KALPAS, 5. PARARDHA.PARAM. We shall try to understand what these mean in an attempt to comprehend the

magnitude of the calculations adopted and followed in Hindu Cosmic time panorama.

The time of one year for humans represents one day for the divine beings. 360 such

divine days make one divine year. (i.e)I Hindu year=1 day for Deva.Therefore,360

human years=1 Deva year or Divine year.

The time of one year for humans represents one day for the divine beings. 360 such

divine days make one divine year. (i.e)I Hindu year=1 day for Deva.Therefore,360

human years=1 Deva year or Divine year.

MACRO LEVEL TIME CONCEPTS OF HINDUS::

Yugas:Yugas are very basic time periods of Macro level.They are four in number with

the following time length

Kali Yuga = 432,000 Human Years

Dwapara Yuga = 864,000 Human Years

Treta Yuga = 1,296,000 Human Years


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Krita Yuga = 1,728,000 Human Years

Take T as notation for denoting Kaliyuga,Then T=432,000 years(human)

Now, Duration of Dvapara-yuga (2T )

Duration of Treta-yuga (3T )Duration of Satya-yuga (4T)

Take T as notation for denoting Kaliyuga,Then T=432,000 years(human)Now,Duration of Dvapara-yuga (2T )

Duration of Treta-yuga (3T )

Duration of Satya-yuga (4T)

MAHA YUGA:Maha yuga refers just one cycle of the all the 4 yugas.

That is,T+2T+3T+4T=10T

One Maha yuga=10T

Now, we see, Hindus How developed concepts and very accurately arrived modernresults for age of Earth and age of universe.

71 Mahayugas constitutes one 'Manvantara' (i.e.) the life of a Manu, the law giver and

also of Indra, the Lord of the Devas .

14 such Manvantaras plus Twilight periods make one day or Kalpa of the Lord BrahmaEach Manvantare after a period known as Sandhya Kala(Twilight Period) follows.

In that period the entire creations will be under water for the period equal to on Satya

yuga=4T

This implies after every Manvantara end A Pralayam(Great flood) occurs.

Manvantara or Manuvantara , or age of a Manu , the Hindu progenitor of mankind, is an

astronomical period of time measurement. Manvantara is a Sanskrit sandhi, acombination of words manu and antara, manu-antara or manvantara, literally meaning the

duration of a Manu, or his life span .

Each Manvantara is created and ruled by a specific Manu, who in turn is created by

Brahma, the Creator himself. Manu creates the world, and all its species during that

period of time, each Manvantara lasts the lifetime of a Manu, upon whose death, Brahma

creates another Manu to continue the cycle of Creation or Shristi, Vishnu on his parttakes a new avtar, and also a new Indra and Saptarishis are appointed.

Eventually it takes 14 Manus and their respective Manvantaras to create aKalpa, Aeon, ora Day of Brahma, according to the Hindu Time Cycles and also the Vedic timeline.

Thereafter, at the end of each Kalpa, there is a period of dissolution or Pralaya , wherein

the world is destroyed and it is lies in a state of rest, under the water t the time equal toone Satya Yuga

Eventually it takes 14 Manus and their respective Manvantaras to create a Kalpa or aeon or a Day ofBrahma, according to the Hindu Time Cycles Thereafter, at the end of each Manvantara there isPralaya,that is great flood,after which everything swallowed by water and still in the water to the period equal


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to one Satya or Krita yuga.After which once again,creation start and next Manu will take charge.This iscontinuous till 14 Manus,at the end of 14 Manus or Kalpa,the entire Earth itself destroyed.

This also basic scientific concepts of Hindus and referred in the Bhagavat Gita By God

Krishna Himself..One Day of Lord Brahma=14Manvantras or Each one got separate generic name.

!Day=!4Manvantras

!Manvantra=71Maha Yugas=71*10T1Day of Brahma=1Kalpa=14Manvantras=14* 71T plus Sandya period

Here replacing T=432000 Human years.

1 Day of Brahma=1Kalpa=4.32 BILLION human years

Vedic text clear says, Brahma every day and night destroy earth and every other day and

night creates the world once again.Here Day period clearly refers Day time of God Brahma, similarly HIS night time also

same length.Like, twilight(Sandy period) in the day and night, those twilight period the entire world

will be inside water. After twilight, the creation starts once again.Brahma destroys earth in one day=human years equal to Brahmas one day

time=4.32human billion years=Life of earth and Solar System.

Similiarly,the Night time same length=4.32 Billion yearsTherefore 1 entire day length=8.62Billion years.

What science says on the life of the earth. We will see.As per Modern science destruction of Earth by Exhaustion of Sun changing into Red

Giant star=4.5billion years.(anybody can verify)

Scientists accepting Hindus calculation value which is 4.32Billion years also quiteaccurate value for life of the earth.

Next we will calculate the age of Cosmos.

The fact that the Sun gives rise to planet Earth, sustains it (through continuous supply of

energy), and finally destroys it (when it explodes into a Red Giant) is also stated in

Ancient Hindus Texts in a symbolic and subtle way: "Srishti Sthiti Laya Hetave VirinchiNarayana Sankaratmane", says the Aditya Hridayam. This is again agreeing with 1

Brahma Day and the Sun's life as a "main sequence star.

Now,we see According to Hindu Cosmogony, what is the age of Cosmos.Cosmos here denote entire galaxies,black holes , nebulas etc

I meant the entire creation in the macro level.Lord Brahma is the Supreme commander of

this entire creation..Vedic texts say,in the 100 years completion of Brahma the entirecreation come to end and Brahma himself destroyed.The destructing work and absorbing

work done by ever lasting God Shiva. New Brahma will be created by indestructible Ever

lasting God Narayana.


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Age of entire creation =Age of God Brahma=100 years.

One Day of Brahma=8.64 Billion years.=1Kalpa

One Brahma year=30 days multiplied by 12=30*8.64Billion years*12=3.1104Trillionyears.

50Years of God Brahma=3.1104 x 10 to the power 12 x 50 = 155.52 Trillion Years=Para

ardham.Total Age of Cosmos or creation=100 Brahma years=2*50 Brahma

Years=2*155.52Trillion years=313 trillion human years=Param or Paraa..

This called Param,that is total age of God Brahma=Total life of Cosmos.Half of this age is called Para Ardham.

Now,Brhama is in his Second Para Ardham.More than 50 years old.

Next, we will calculate Current age of the Earth and Current age of God Brahma or

present age of entire creation one after other.These are very good accuracies of destruction and creation details of the cosmos and our

Solar System as per the modern Science

The concepts are created by greatest intellectual minds of Rishis and Sages.This is more

accurate and Valid.As we already seen One Day time of Brahma is time of the life of the Solar System and

earth. Now we see the Present Day time of Brahma how much elapsed, then it is easy tofind balance left.

# The one day of Brahma is divided into 14 periods. Six such periods are over. We arenow in the 7th.

# Each period is named after the One Ruler who is appointed to rule the entire earthly

world during that period. The generic name for such a ruler is Manu. The period is called

a Manvantara.# The name of the present Manu is Vaivasvata, the son of the Sun-God.

# How long is the day of Brahma ? (4.32 billion years)Already arrived.# What is the present age of this universe ?

Names and reign of Manus already elapsed.

1.Svaayambhuva Beginning of Creation

Dhruva Episode

Descent of the Lord as Half-man-half-lion to bless Prahlada

2.Svaarochisha The Episode of King Suratha3. Uttama

4.Taamasa

5. Raivata6. Chaakshusha

7. Vaivasvata PRESENT MANVANTARA There are seven more manvantaras to go inthe future

We are in the 7th manvantara .

Take Notation for Kali yuga as T = 432,000 human years.


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Age of the Universe

Portion of Brahmas day elapsed so far

(till say, 2000 A.D.) consists of the following.

Details to know for the calculation:

1 Manantara=71 Mahayugas plus twilight period

4T=4Kaliyuga=one Satya yuga

1Mahayuas=10Kaliyugas=10Tthe present running seventh Manavantara already 27 Mahayugas elapsed out of 71

Mahayugas.28th Maha yuga is running.

Which means in this Mahayuga Satya yuga=4T and Treta Yuga=3T and Dwapara

Yuga=2T already completedIn Kali yuga 5102 years. already elapsed as on 2000AD.This also added to know the

present age.

The current Kali Yuga began at midnight 17 February / 18 February in 3102 BC in theproleptic Julian calendar.

Duration Table

Each Manvantara consists twilight period equvalent to one Satya Yuga=4T(Definition)

Therefore,

6 manvantara-twilights (6 x 4T ) PLUS 6 manvantaras completed (6 x71x10T) PLUS

1manvantara-twilight before 7th=( 4T) PLUS 27 maha-yugas past in this manvantara (27

x 10T ) PLUS elapsed yugas in this maha-yuga ((4 + 3 + 2) T ) PLUS 5102 years inkali-yuga(the present Kali yuga)

1Maha Yuga=!0T(already shown)

This adds up to 4567 T+ 5102 = 1,972,949,102 human years=1.972 Billion years.

(Replace the Value of T in Multiplication)

This is the present (as of 2000A.D.) age of the Earth and Soar System in this DAY OFBRAHMA.

If you deduct from Total age of the solar System of 4.32 Billion years is the balance years

left for our Solar system to dismantle

WHAT IS THE PRESENT AGE OF COSMOS?

Currently, 50 years of Brahma have elapsed and we are in the first Day of the 51st year.

This Brahma's day, Kalpa, is named as ShvetaVaraha Kalpa. Within this Day, six

Manvantaras have already elapsed and we are in the seventh Manvantara, named as -Vaivasvatha Manvantara. Within the Vaivasvatha Manavantara, 27 Mahayugas (4 Yugas

together is a Mahayuga), and the Krita, Treta and Dwapara Yugas of the 28th Mahayuga

have elapsed. We are in the Kaliyuga of the 28th Mahayuga. This Kaliyuga began in the


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year 3102 BC in the proleptic Julian Calendar. Since 50 years of Brahma have already

elapsed, we are in the second Parardha, also called as Dvithiya Parardha.

50 Years of God Brahma=3.1104 x 1012 x 50 = 155.52 Trillion Years

(6 x 71 x 4320000 ) + 7 x 1.728 x 106 = 1.973 billion years elapsed in first sixManvataras plus Sandhi Kalas.

27 Maha yugas=27 x 4320000 = 116.640000 million yearsIn 28th Maha Yuga Satya Yuga 4T plusTreta Yuga 3T plus Dwapara Yuga 2T already

elaped PLUS kali yuga 5102 elaped as on 2000AD

Replacing the value of T and adding which gives 3.888 million years elapsed in currentMahayuga

So the total time elapsed since current Brahma is

155.52 x 10 to the power 12 + 1.973x10 to the poser 9 + 0.00012053302 = 155.52Trillion Years

(Note:Now seventh Manvantara in running. which constitute 71 Mahayugas out of which

27 already elaped,and were are in 28th Maha Yugas,Which means in this Mahayuga

Satyayuga=4T and Treta Yuga=3T and Dwapara Yuga=2T already completed and Kali yuga

years 5102 already passed as on 2000AD)

This is present age of Cosmos which include Galaxies and constellations is 155.52 trillionyears.

If we deduct this value from the Param( i.e)Total value of Cosmos which is 311 trillionyears,we can get the balance year yet available to the entire Cosmos to dismantle.

Now, to know the role of Trinity of Gods.BRAHMA,VISHNU,SHIVA.

God Shiva finally destroys the world when the EVIL cross the limit of the controls of the

Gods. In that sense, he is the protector of Dharma and nobleness.

God Vishnu being Himself create God Brahma and Maintains the power and control of

Brahma till the end by incarnations. God Brahma is our True Father and root.

After 100 years of Brahma, automatically another Brahma will be created by God

Vishnu.


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Old Brahma will be destroyed for this, may be considered the destruction of Cosmos like

modern Bigbang theory.

Supreme Brahman which is different from God Brahma, is formless, controller of

controllers and still reachable and residing in the ever living Gods of Shiva and Vishnu.

Brahman is beyond time and space, beyond all Qualities, beyond physical form and allattributes. Brahman is truly beyond the understanding of the human beings in it true

form!

Brahman is the basic inherent power within the Gods Shiva and Vishnu.But, in physical world, we have to reach Brahma only through God of trinity. Those Gods

can come in Physical form. Vedic texts vouch impossibility of human beings to know

Brahman directly!

To Merge in Brahman, you have Merge with God Shiva or God Vishnu.Even, you can do it by Praying Our creative father God Brahma.

In nutshell, one has to merge in Brahman only through its manifestations

Hindus have many Gods which represents peculiar aspects and manifestations of

Supreme Power Brahman!One focusing on any manifestations of God automatically achieves those attributes which

elevates him to higher level of spiritual being.

THUS HINDU COSMOLOGY IS TRULY MOST SCIENTIFIC!!

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Hindu Time concepts