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Highway Gateways Used by Port TrucksHighway Gateways Used by Port Trucks
T 18-01
March 2018
HAMPTONROADSTRANSPORTATIONPLANNINGORGANIZATIONVOTINGMEMBERS
RobertA.Crum,Jr.– ExecutiveDirector
VOTINGMEMBERS:CHESAPEAKERickWestEllaP.Ward–Alternate
JAMESCITYCOUNTYMichaelHippleVacant‐Alternate
SOUTHAMPTONCOUNTYBarryT.PorterR.RandolphCook‐Alternate
FRANKLINBarryCheathamFrankRabil–Alternate
NEWPORTNEWSMcKinleyL.PriceHerbertH.Bateman,Jr.‐Alternate
SUFFOLKLindaT.JohnsonLeroyBennett‐Alternate
GLOUCESTERCOUNTYPhillipBazzaniJohnC.Meyer,Jr–Alternate
NORFOLKKennethAlexanderMartinA.Thomas,Jr.–Alternate
VIRGINIABEACHWilliamD.Sessoms,Jr.,LouisR.Jones‐Alternate
HAMPTONDonnieTuckJimmyGray–Alternate
POQUOSONW.EugeneHunt,Jr.HerbertR.Green–Alternate
WILLIAMSBURGPaulFreilingD.ScottFoster,Jr.–Alternate
ISLEOFWIGHTCOUNTYJoelAcreeRudolphJefferson‐Alternate
PORTSMOUTHJohnRowe‐ViceChairPaigeCherry–Alternate
YORKCOUNTYThomasG.Shepperd,Jr.‐ChairSheilaNoll‐Alternate
MEMBERSOFTHEVIRGINIASENATETheHonorableMamieE.LockeTheHonorableFrankW.Wagner MEMBERSOFTHEVIRGINIAHOUSEOFDELEGATESTheHonorableChristopherP.StolleTheHonorableDavidYancey TRANSPORTATIONDISTRICTCOMMISSION OFHAMPTONROADSWilliamE.Harrell,President/ChiefExecutiveOfficerRayAmoruso–Alternate VIRGINIADEPARTMENTOFTRANSPORTATIONJamesUtterback,HamptonRoadsDistrictAdministratorDawnOdom–Alternate VADEPARTMENTOFRAILANDPUBLICTRANSPORTATIONJenniferMitchell,DirectorJenniferDeBruhl–Alternate VIRGINIAPORTAUTHORITYJohnReinhart,CEO/ExecutiveDirectorCathieVick–Alternate WILLIAMSBURGAREATRANSITAUTHORITYZachTrogdon,ExecutiveDirectorJoshuaMoore–Alternate
HAMPTONROADSTRANSPORTATIONPLANNINGORGANIZATION
NON‐VOTINGMEMBERS:CHESAPEAKEJamesE.Baker
JAMESCITYCOUNTYWilliamPorter
SOUTHAMPTONCOUNTYMichaelW.Johnson
FRANKLINR.RandyMartin
NEWPORTNEWSCynthiaRohlf
SUFFOLKPatrickRoberts
GLOUCESTERCOUNTYJ.BrentFedors
NORFOLKDouglasL.Smith
VIRGINIABEACHDaveHansen
HAMPTONMaryBunting
POQUOSONW.RandallWheeler
WILLIAMSBURGMarvinCollins
ISLEOFWIGHTCOUNTYRandyKeaton
PORTSMOUTHLydiaPettisPatton
YORKCOUNTYNeilA.Morgan
FEDERALHIGHWAYADMINISTRATIONJessieYung,ActingDivisionAdministrator–VirginiaDivision
FEDERALTRANSITADMINISTRATIONTerryGarciaCrews,Region3Administrator
FEDERALAVIATIONADMINISTRATIONJeffreyW.Breeden,AirportPlanner,WashingtonAirportsDistrictOffice
VIRGINIADEPARTMENTOFAVIATIONRandallP.Burdette,Director
PENINSULAAIRPORTCOMMISSIONMichaelA.Giardino,ExecutiveDirector
NORFOLKAIRPORTAUTHORITYRobertS.Bowen,ExecutiveDirector
CITIZENTRANSPORTATIONADVISORYCOMMITTEETheresaDahaner,Chair
FREIGHTTRANSPORTATIONADVISORYCOMMITTEEArthurW.Moye,Jr.,Co‐Chair(NonvotingBoardMember)DelegateChristopherP.Stolle,Co‐Chair(VotingBoardMember)
MILITARYLIAISONSMichaelMoore,Captain,U.S.NavyDeanVanderley,Captain,U.S.Navy‐AlternateRickWester,Captain,U.S.CoastGuardHerbertJoliat,Colonel,U.S.AirforceLangley‐Eustis
INVITEDPARTICIPANTJohnMalbon,CommonwealthTransportationBoardStephenA.Johnsen,CommonwealthTransportationBoard
HRTPOPROJECTSTAFFRobertCasePh.D PrincipalTransportationEngineerRobertCofield GraphicandWebDesignerChristopherVaigneur AssistantGeneralServicesManager
REPORTDOCUMENTATIONTITLEHighwayGatewaysUsedbyPortTrucks
ORGANIZATIONHamptonRoadsTransportationPlanningOrg.723WoodlakeDriveChesapeake,Virginia23320http://www.hrtpo.org
AUTHORRobertB.Case,PE,PhD
REPORTDATE March2018 ABSTRACTHRTPOstaffpreparedthisstudytoinformtheHRTPOBoardwhichhighwayroutesport‐relatedtrucksprimarilyusetoenterandexitHamptonRoads.HRTPOstaffplanstousethestudyresultstoinformthescoringofcandidateprojectsundertheHRPTOProjectPrioritizationTool,andtoprovidethestudyresultsasinputformajorregionalstudiescurrentlybeingconductedbyHRTPOandVDOT.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThisdocumentwaspreparedbytheHamptonRoadsTransportationPlanningOrganization(HRTPO)incooperationwiththePortofVirginiaPort(POV)usingtheStreetLightDatasystem,accesstowhichwasprovidedbytheVirginiaDepartmentofTransportation(VDOT).ThecontentsofthisreportreflecttheviewsoftheHRTPO.TheHRTPOstaffisresponsibleforthefactsandtheaccuracyofthedatapresentedherein.Thisdocumentdoesnotconstituteastandard,specification,orregulation.ThecontentsdonotnecessarilyreflecttheofficialviewsorpoliciesoftheFHWA,FTA,VDOTorDRPT.FHWA,FTA,VDOTorDRPTacceptanceofthisreportasevidenceoffulfillmentoftheobjectivesofthisprogramdoesnotconstituteendorsement/approvaloftheneedforanyrecommendedimprovementsnordoesitconstituteapprovaloftheirlocationanddesignoracommitmenttofundanysuchimprovements.Additionalprojectlevelenvironmentalimpactassessmentsand/orstudiesofalternativesmaybenecessary.NON‐DISCRIMINATIONTheHRTPOassuresthatnopersonshall,onthegroundofrace,color,nationalorigin,handicap,sex,age,orincomestatusasprovidedbyTitleVIoftheCivilRightsActof1964andsubsequentauthorities,beexcludedfromparticipationin,bedeniedthebenefitsof,orbeotherwisesubjecttodiscriminationunderanyprogramoractivity.TheHRTPOTitleVIPlanprovidesthisassurance,informationaboutHRTPOresponsibilities,andaDiscriminationComplaintForm.
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TABLEOFCONTENTSINTRODUCTION p.4METHODOLOGY p.5FINDINGS p.13NEXTSTEPS p.22PUBLICCOMMENTS p.23
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INTRODUCTION
ThepurposeofthisstudyistofindwhichhighwaygatewaystoHamptonRoadsaremostusedbytrucksgoingto/fromthelocalPortofVirginiaportfacilities.TheHRTPOcanusethisinformationasinputtoitsdecisionswhenplanningandfundinghighwayimprovementswithaneyetohelpingportoperations.Specifically,HRTPOstaffintendsto:
Employthestudy’smeasurementofhighwaygatewayusagebyport‐relatedtrucksinscoringcandidateprojectswiththeHRTPOPrioritizationTool(toolcomponent:“increaseaccesstoportfacilities”,10pointsforhighwayprojects)
Providethestudy’smeasurementofhighwaygatewayusagebyport‐relatedtruckstotheconsultantspreparingtheUS58ArterialManagementPlan
Providethestudy’smeasurementofhighwaygatewayusagebyport‐relatedtruckstotheconsultantspreparingtheRegionalConnectorsStudy.
FIGURE112HighwayGatewaysforHamptonRoadsSource:HRTPOstaffviainsight.streetlightdata.com
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METHODOLOGYInitialDataSet:ATRIHRTPOstaffinitiallytriedtoenumerateporttruckusageofregionalhighwaygatewaysusingonemonthoftrucklocationdatafromtheAmericanTruckingResearchInstitute(ATRI).Today,manytrucksintheUSareequippedwithGPSunitsthatperiodically(e.g.onceperminute)recordthelocationofthetruck(latitudeandlongitude),primarilyforthebenefitofthetruckingcompany.ParticipatingcompaniessendthisdatatoATRIforresearchpurposes.ATRIgaveHRTPOstaffanelectronicfilecontainingtheminute‐by‐minutelocationofATRI‐participatingtrucksinHamptonRoadsforthemonthofSeptember2014.
FIGURE2TrucksVisitingNorfolkInternationalTerminals(NIT)Sept.30,2014Source:HRTPOstaffprocessingofATRIdataviaESRIGIS
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HRTPOstaffprocessedthese7.5mrecords,identifyingthosetrucksthatenteredoneofthefourPOVfacilities(NorfolkInternationalTerminals[NIT],PortsmouthMarineTerminal[PMT],NewportNewsMarineTerminal[NNMT],andtheVirginiaInternationalGateway[VIG]),andthenfindingwhichhighwaygatewaytheyusedifentering/leavingHamptonRoads.Unfortunately,thisanalysisrenderedillogicalresults(e.g.highusageofUS17inNorthCarolinaandlowusageofUS460),apparentlyasaresultofthenon‐randomgroupoftruckingcompaniesprovidingGPSdatatoATRI.Consequently,HRTPOstaffpursuedtheanalysisofanothertruck‐locationdataset.
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FinalDataSet:StreetLightHRTPOstaffsuccessfullyenumeratedtherelativeusageofregionalhighwaygatewaysbyporttrucks(i.e.whichhighwaygatewaysareusedthemost)usingStreetLight,atraveldatafirm.StreetLightcollectstraveldatafromseveralsourcesincluding:
Forpersonaltravel:connectedcarsandsmartphones Fortrucktravel:GPS‐basedfleetmanagement
“AsofDecember2016,StreetLight’sdatarepositoriesprocessanalyticsfornearly35Musers,orabout10%ofthepopulationandabout12%ofcommercialtrucktrips.”1Fromthislocationdata,StreetLightestimatesoriginsanddestinationsoftrips.Tomakethisdatausable,StreetLightdevelopedaweb‐basedanalyticaltoolInSight,accessibleforpayingcustomers.Fortunately,VDOThascontractedwithStreetLight,andhasmadetheserviceavailabletoHRTPOstaff.
FIGURE3StreetLightDataSourcesSource:https://www.streetlightdata.com/population‐mobility‐technology
1StreetLightslidesattachedto9‐26‐16emailfromDarrelJohnson(VDOT)
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TripsBetweenPortFacilitiesandGatewaysInitially,HRTPOstaffusedStreetLighttoenumeratetripsbetweenlocalcontainerportfacilitiesandregionalhighwaygateways.ContainerPorts
NewportNewsMarineTerminal(NNMT) NorfolkInternationalTerminals(NIT) PortsmouthMarineTerminals(PMT) VirginiaInternationalGateway(VIG)
FIGURE4ContainerPortsinHamptonRoadsSource:HRTPOstaffviaESRI
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FIGURE5TruckTrafficusingHighwayGateways,byPortOrigin,Jul’16‐Jun’17Source:HRTPOstaffcalculationusingHRTPOstaffprogrammingofStreetLight(4_Ports_and_12_1402_od_commercial.xlsx)
OfthefourportsinHamptonRoads,VIGandNITweredominantduringthestudyperiod.Unfortunately,aswiththeATRIdata,wegotunreasonableresultswhenusingStreetLighttomeasuretripsbetweenportfacilitiesandhighwaygateways,i.e.US17inChesapeakeshowinghighusage,andUS460showinglowusage.Uponfurtherexamination,HRTPOstafffoundthatStreetLightdataindicatesthatonlyasmallportionoftrucktripsoriginatingatportfacilitieshavedestinationsoutsideofHamptonRoads2,asshownonthefigureonfollowingpage.Fortunately,werealizedthatStreetLight’s“trip”definition—StreetLightterminatesatripwhenthetravelerisstationaryfor5minutes—waslikely“ending”tripswithinHamptonRoadseventhoughtheactualtripcontinuedoutsidetheregion.Infact,manyofthe“trips”endedneartheportfacility,apparentlyduetostoppingatthegate. 2ForVIGorigins,StreetLightindicatesthatonly12%oftrucktripshavedestinationsbeyondthesubject12highwaygateways.
NIT42%
NNMT3%PMT
6%
VIG49%
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FIGURE6VirginiaandNorthCarolinaTrip“Ends”ofTrucksfromVIG,Jul’16‐Jun’17,onedotequals100StreetLightIndexTrucksSource:HRTPOmappingviaESRIusingHRTPOstaffprogrammingofStreetLight(porttrucks‐StreetLight‐VIGasorigin.mxd)
Thevolatilityoflowsamplesizerendersthesefewtrucksunreliableforestimatinghighwaygatewayusage.
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TripsBetweenPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersandGatewaysInordertoaccountforStreetLight’s5‐minute‐stoptripparameter,insteadofexaminingtripsdirectlyfromthesubjectports,HRTPOstaffusedStreetLighttoenumeratetripsbetweenport‐relateddistributioncentersandregionalhighwaygatewaysasameasureoftheusageofthosegatewaysbyport‐relatedtrucks.Port‐RelatedDistributionCenters3
CanonVirginia Liebherr HighLinerFoods BauerCompressors Stihl MassimoZanettiBeverage USUIInternational Sumitomo DollarTree LumberLiquidators HaynesFurniture TargetStores Caspari AceHardware J.M.Smucker Unilever/LiptonTea Kraft/PlantersPeanuts QVCNetwork InternationalPaper CostPlusWorldMarket Safco Wal‐Mart LaTienda
HRTPOstaffdevelopedthislistbyidentifyingwhichofthedistributioncentersonthePortofVirginia’s“DistributionCentersUtilizingthePort”map(followingpage)arelocatedwithinHamptonRoads(i.e.withinthegatewayslistedinthefollowing“Findings”section).
3Source:“DistributionCentersUtilizingThePort”map,PortofVirginiaUpdatetotheTransportationTechnicalAdvisoryCommittee,JeffFlorin,June3,2015TTAC(seefollowingpage).
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FIGURE7Port‐RelatedDistributionCentersSource:PortofVirginiaUpdatetotheTransportationTechnicalAdvisoryCommittee,JeffFlorin,June3,2015TTAC
FIGURE8Port‐RelatedDistributionCenterswithinHamptonRoadsSource:“DistributionCentersUtilizingthePort”slideenteredbyHRTPOstaffintoStreetlightthenprocessedwithESRI(snipped)
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FINDINGSHavingidentifiedamethodofanalyzingthetravelofport‐relatedtruckswhileaccountingforthe5‐minuteStreetLightrule—i.e.usingport‐relateddistributioncenters,insteadofportterminals,astriporigins—HRTPOstaffwasabletosuccessfullydetermineroutesusedbyport‐relatedtrucks.First,HRTPOstaffprogrammedStreetLighttodeterminethedestinationsoftripsfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersusingthefollowingspecifications:
Geography: censusblockgroups Dataperiod: July2016thruJune2017(oneyear) Vehicletype: commercialtrucks(14klbs.andabove) Datatype: averageweekday,StreetLighttrafficindex
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AccordingtoStreetLight,thedestinationoftruckswithoriginsatPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersinHamptonRoadsisasfollows:
FIGURE9DestinationsofTrucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCenters,Jul’16‐Jun’17Source:HRTPOstaffprocessing(viaESRI)oftripsfromPortDistributionCentersviaStreetlight(sevenstateswworldstmap.jpg)
Notethat,duetothe5‐minuteStreetLighttriprulediscussedabove,althoughtheabovetripendsmaybeintermediatestops(e.g.fuelinglocations)alongthewaytotheactualfinal(undetermined)destination,theyfallfarenoughfromthedistributioncenteroriginstodeterminethehighwaygatewayused.
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Asexpected,port‐relatedtrucks(inthiscasetrucksservingPort‐RelatedDistributionCenters)appeartobeusingI‐64,US460,andUS58toreachdestinationsservedbyI‐95,I‐81,andI‐85.Fortunately,forourpurposes,StreetLightcanalsobeusedtocountvehiclesatgatewaysidentifiedalongthepathstotripdestinations.Accordingly,HRTPOstaffenteredthefollowingRegionalHighwayGatewaysforHamptonRoadsintoStreetLight:
VA168(Chesapeake) US17(Chesapeake) VA32(Suffolk) US13(Suffolk) US258(SouthamptonCounty) US58(Franklin) US460(IsleofWightCounty) VA10(IsleofWightCounty) US60(JamesCityCounty) I‐64(JamesCityCounty) US17(GloucesterCounty) US13(VirginiaBeach)
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FIGURE10HighwayGatewaysattheEdgeofHamptonRoadsSource:HRTPOstaffprocessingviaStreetLight(snipped)
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Usingthesamespecificationsasoutlinedabovefortheabovedestinationanalysis,HRTPOstaffusedStreetLighttodeterminethehighwaygatewaysusedbytrucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCenters.AccordingtoHRTPOstaffprocessingofStreetLightdata,thesubjectPort‐RelatedDistributionCenterscontributetotrucktrafficatthegatewaysasfollows:
FIGURE11TruckUsageofHighwayGateways,byPort‐RelatedDistributionCenterSource:HRTPOstaffprocessingofStreetLightdata,July’16thruJune’17(Port_Distr_Cntrs_1040_od_commercial.xlsx)NotethedominanceoftheWalmartdistributioncenterinJamesCityCounty.ThehightruckvolumesatWalmart(43%)andHaynes(1%),bothlocatedonGreenMountParkway,indicatestheimportanceoftheproposedSkiffesCreekConnectorproject.
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AccordingtoHRTPOstaffprocessingofStreetLightdata,trucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersonthePeninsulausehighwaygatewaysasfollows:
FIGURE12UsageofGatewaysbyPeninsulaPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersSource:HRTPOstaffprocessingofStreetLightdata,July’16thruJune’17(Port_Distr_Cntrs_1040_od_commercial.xlsx)Notsurprisingly,mostofthetrucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersonthePeninsulauseI‐64toleavetheregion.Somewhatsurprisingly,asignificantnumberoftruckdriversservingdistributioncentersonthePeninsulausetheChesapeakeBayBridgeTunnel(CBBT),apparentlydrivingoutoftheirway4toavoidtrafficintheDCareawhenservingdestinationsinthenortheast.
4TheCBBTliessouthofthePeninsula.
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AccordingtoHRTPOstaffprocessingofStreetLightdata,trucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersontheSouthsideusehighwaygatewaysasfollows:
FIGURE13UsageofGatewaysbySouthsidePort‐RelatedDistributionCentersSource:HRTPOstaffprocessingofStreetLightdata,July’16thruJune’17(Port_Distr_Cntrs_1040_od_commercial.xlsx)Notsurprisingly,manyofthetrucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersontheSouthsideuseUS58andUS460toleavetheregion.GiventhatmanydestinationsliewestandnorthofRichmond,theportionofport‐relatedtrucksusingI‐64toleaveHamptonRoads(14%,oroneoutofseven)issurprisinglysmall.Congestionattheharborcrossings(HamptonRoadsBridgeTunnel[HRBT]andMonitorMerrimacMemorialBridgeTunnel[MMMBT])andalongI‐64westoftheNewportNews–Williamsburgairportmayexplainthisresult.
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CombiningSouthsideandPeninsula,trucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersinHamptonRoadsusehighwaygatewaysasfollows:
FIGURE14UsageofGatewaysbyHamptonRoadsPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersSource:HRTPOstaffprocessingofStreetLightdata,July’16thruJune’17(Port_Distr_Cntrs_1040_od_commercial.xlsx)Notsurprisingly,mostofthetrucksfromPort‐RelatedDistributionCentersinHamptonRoadsuseI‐64,US58,andUS460toleavetheregion.Thisidentification/confirmationofmajorgatewaysindicatestheimportanceofVDOT’scurrentUS58ArterialManagementPlanworkandseveraloftheprojectstheHRTPOBoardrecommendedforfundingviatheHamptonRoadsTransportationFund(HRTF),including:
I‐64Peninsula(3phases) US460/58/13Connector
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Inordertocheckthestudyresults,HRTPOstaffcomparedthestudy’smeasurementofhighwaygatewayusagebytrucksservingport‐relateddistributioncenterstoknownhighwaygatewayusagebytrucksservingallpurposes,asshownbelow:
FIGURE15UsageofGatewaysbyTrucksSource:HRTPOstaffprocessingofVDOTcountandStreetLightGPSdata(Port_Distr_Cntrs_1040_od_commercial.xlsx)Theabovecomparisonindicates:
Thetopthreegatewaysforport‐relatedtrucks,andthetopthreegatewaysforalltrucks,arethesamethreegateways:I‐64,US460,andUS58.
I‐64PeninsulaandUS460appeartobeevenmoreimportanttoport‐relatedtrucksthantheyaretoalltrucks.
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
I‐64 Pen US13 CBBT US13 Suf US17 Ches US17 Glo US258 US460 US58 US60 VA10 VA168 VA32
Portion of Sum of All Gateways
Trucks from Port‐Related DistributionCenters, average weekday, 7/2016‐6/2017 (StreetLight analysis by HRTPO)
All Trucks, average weekday, 2015(Regional Freight Study, HRTPO, 2017)
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NEXTSTEPSTheHRTPOcanusetheproductofthisstudyasinputtoitsdecisionswhenplanningandfundinghighwayimprovementswithaneyetohelpingportoperations.Specifically,HRTPOstaffintendsto:
Employthestudy’smeasurementofhighwaygatewayusagebyport‐relatedtrucksinscoringcandidateprojectswiththeHRTPOPrioritizationTool(toolcomponent:“increaseaccesstoportfacilities”,10pointsforhighwayprojects)
Providethestudy’smeasurementofhighwaygatewayusagebyport‐relatedtruckstotheconsultantspreparingtheUS58ArterialManagementPlan
Providethestudy’smeasurementofhighwaygatewayusagebyport‐relatedtruckstotheconsultantspreparingtheRegionalConnectorsStudy.
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PUBLICCOMMENTSFindpubliccommentsonthefollowingpages,withresponsesinred.