HIGHER REVISION STRUCTURES & STRATAGIES. FIRST THOUGHTS

HIGHERHIGHER REVISION REVISION

STRUCTURES & STRUCTURES & STRATAGIESSTRATAGIES

FIRST THOUGHTSFIRST THOUGHTS

CYCLE OF ANALYSIS (Recap)CYCLE OF ANALYSIS (Recap) 1. 1. INVESTIGATEINVESTIGATE – Where you explain how a specific – Where you explain how a specific

aspect of performance was investigated through gathering and aspect of performance was investigated through gathering and analysisng information.analysisng information.

2. 2. ANALYSISANALYSIS – Where you explain how the knowledge – Where you explain how the knowledge acquired from the study of relevant concepts has helped you to acquired from the study of relevant concepts has helped you to Analyse performance and plan a development programmeAnalyse performance and plan a development programme

3. 3. DEVELOP DEVELOP – Where you explain how the content and – Where you explain how the content and suitability of the programme of work were monitored over the suitability of the programme of work were monitored over the period of trainingperiod of training

4. 4. EVALUATE EVALUATE – Where you reflect on the planning, – Where you reflect on the planning, effectiveness and benefits of the programme of work effectiveness and benefits of the programme of work

completed,completed,

What is a structure / strategy?What is a structure / strategy?

A A Structure Structure can be a formation that a team can be a formation that a team adapts to apply a particular strategy which will adapts to apply a particular strategy which will hopefully bring about individual and team hopefully bring about individual and team improvement. ( Football,3-5-2 creates width in improvement. ( Football,3-5-2 creates width in midfield)midfield)

STRATEGYSTRATEGY Directly competitive activitiesDirectly competitive activities Use space in attack & defenceUse space in attack & defence

How do we decide on a How do we decide on a structure?structure?

FUNDAMENTALS-FUNDAMENTALS-

Using space to your advantage (offence)Using space to your advantage (offence) Denying space (defence)Denying space (defence) Tempo(offence / defence)Tempo(offence / defence) Advantages v Disadvantages of structures and Advantages v Disadvantages of structures and

strategiesstrategies Strengths and weakness of team / opponentsStrengths and weakness of team / opponents

ROLES & RESPONSIBILITYROLES & RESPONSIBILITYWhat determines where you will play?What determines where you will play?

Physical QualitiesPhysical Qualities

Personal QualitiesPersonal Qualities

PositionPosition

SkillsSkills

Height / Pace / StrengthHeight / Pace / Strength

Decision maker / Decision maker / CommunicatorCommunicator

Defence , Midfield, ForwardDefence , Midfield, Forward

Shooting, Passing, Heading, Shooting, Passing, Heading, TacklingTackling

EVERY STRUCTURE or EVERY STRUCTURE or STRATEGY NEEDS…STRATEGY NEEDS…

EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATIONEFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION FULL CO-OPERATIONFULL CO-OPERATION SUPPORTSUPPORT WORKING KNOWLEDGEWORKING KNOWLEDGE COMPETENCECOMPETENCE

FORMATIONSFORMATIONS

Knowledge of your overall strengths and Knowledge of your overall strengths and weakness helps make decisions about;weakness helps make decisions about; Benefits of a formationBenefits of a formation Limitations of a formationLimitations of a formation

Examples of formations 4,4,2 3,5,2 4,5,1Examples of formations 4,4,2 3,5,2 4,5,1 Strengths and weaknesses of each?Strengths and weaknesses of each?

FORMATIONSFORMATIONS

Collecting info on your performance, you can Collecting info on your performance, you can make decisions about the best formation to usemake decisions about the best formation to use

Or you can continually refine your formationOr you can continually refine your formation Opposition, injury, state of pay ectOpposition, injury, state of pay ect

Consider Principles of PlayConsider Principles of Play Width, depth, mobility, support, pressureWidth, depth, mobility, support, pressure

ROLES & RESPONSIBILITIESROLES & RESPONSIBILITIES

In every group it is important to understand your;In every group it is important to understand your; ROLE and how it relates to your team matesROLE and how it relates to your team mates RESPONSIBILITIES of your specific roleRESPONSIBILITIES of your specific role

Examples please?Examples please? Each player has a different R/R for the team to work Each player has a different R/R for the team to work

effectively as a uniteffectively as a unit Many attributes define your roleMany attributes define your role

Physical, skills, decision making, Physical, skills, decision making, When individual strengths & weakness are When individual strengths & weakness are

considered relevant S/S can be plannedconsidered relevant S/S can be planned

Principles of PlayPrinciples of Play

All invasion games are played according to All invasion games are played according to basic principles. They are applicable to both basic principles. They are applicable to both the attack and defence phases of play.the attack and defence phases of play.

Principles of Play (Attack)Principles of Play (Attack)

Possession:Possession: When a team has the ball it is vital that they When a team has the ball it is vital that they

retain possession of it. retain possession of it. The longer possession is retained the more The longer possession is retained the more

control they have of the game.control they have of the game.


Width:Width: Creates gaps and stretches the defence, it gives the Creates gaps and stretches the defence, it gives the

attackers more space to make runs and to receive the attackers more space to make runs and to receive the ball and to shoot/pass. ball and to shoot/pass.

It is advantageous to create space towards the It is advantageous to create space towards the touchline to spread the opposition’s defence. touchline to spread the opposition’s defence.

It allows more space for attackers to work in. It allows more space for attackers to work in. It stretches the opposing defence, making them work It stretches the opposing defence, making them work

harder, creating gaps harder, creating gaps


Support:Support: When a player is in possession of the ball, When a player is in possession of the ball,

teammates should move into an open position teammates should move into an open position to offer a passing option.to offer a passing option.

Speed:Speed: To be successful in attack speed of action and To be successful in attack speed of action and

thought are vital.thought are vital.


Mobility:Mobility: The attackers who are not in possession of the ball should The attackers who are not in possession of the ball should

move continually with purpose, in order to draw defenders, move continually with purpose, in order to draw defenders, and to create and use space.and to create and use space.

Attackers need to interchange position and work on split Attackers need to interchange position and work on split second timing or runs to create problems for defenders.second timing or runs to create problems for defenders.

Midfielders and defenders need to be interchangeable to help Midfielders and defenders need to be interchangeable to help support attack and cover defencesupport attack and cover defence

Allows players to get free to receive the ballAllows players to get free to receive the ball


Penetration:Penetration: This is possible when the attacking players take on the This is possible when the attacking players take on the

defenders at pace and by getting in behind the defence using defenders at pace and by getting in behind the defence using

fast passing, dribblingfast passing, dribbling Depth:Depth: This allows the player on the ball to keep possession of the This allows the player on the ball to keep possession of the

ball by passing back while their team move forward to ball by passing back while their team move forward to support play.support play.

Concentration:Concentration: All attacking players in order to reduce attacking errors.All attacking players in order to reduce attacking errors.

Principles of Play (Defence)Principles of Play (Defence) Depth:Depth: This provides cover for the defender marking the ball. This provides cover for the defender marking the ball.

It also acts as a counter balance against the opposition It also acts as a counter balance against the opposition going on the fast break.going on the fast break.

Delay:Delay: If a defender cannot gain possession of the ball from If a defender cannot gain possession of the ball from

an interception or a tackle then they should delay or an interception or a tackle then they should delay or attempt to slow down the attack. attempt to slow down the attack.

This allows the other defenders to have time to This allows the other defenders to have time to recover, get goal side of the ball and re-position them. recover, get goal side of the ball and re-position them.

Principles of Play (Defence)Principles of Play (Defence) Balance:Balance: Balance is where every attacking move and pass is Balance is where every attacking move and pass is

covered/denied by the defence.covered/denied by the defence. Concentration:Concentration: This is required by all defending players in order to This is required by all defending players in order to

reduce defensive errors. Anticipation and good reduce defensive errors. Anticipation and good decision making limits the offensive options.decision making limits the offensive options.

Speed:Speed: The speed of recovery, action and thought are vital in The speed of recovery, action and thought are vital in

defence.defence.

Principles of Play (Defence)Principles of Play (Defence)

Safety/Security:Safety/Security: In defence safety and security are the first priority. In defence safety and security are the first priority.

Keep all moves simple and clear your lines.Keep all moves simple and clear your lines. Pressure:Pressure: Close down the player on the ball as quickly as Close down the player on the ball as quickly as

possible.possible.

Speed of the BallSpeed of the Ball

Ball moves faster than you doBall moves faster than you do Cover more groundCover more ground Hold formation Hold formation Not get to close to team-matesNot get to close to team-mates

Speed of the ball is important in both Speed of the ball is important in both Attack Attack & Defence& Defence

Speed of Ball (Attack)Speed of Ball (Attack)

Velocity (speed) of passVelocity (speed) of pass Reaches team mateReaches team mate Hard to interceptHard to intercept Too hard;Too hard;

Hard to controlHard to control Accuracy Accuracy Loose possessionLoose possession

Examples from within a game?Examples from within a game?


Quick passes open up defencesQuick passes open up defences Players follow the ballPlayers follow the ball Quicker you move the ball defenders have to Quicker you move the ball defenders have to

adjust positionadjust position If you see gaps/space before receiving ball you If you see gaps/space before receiving ball you

save more timesave more time Player movement off the ball creates Player movement off the ball creates

spaces/passing opportunitiesspaces/passing opportunities


Slowing the ball downSlowing the ball down Maintain possessionMaintain possession

Winning gameWinning game Support to arrive from other playersSupport to arrive from other players But defending team also has time to re-organiseBut defending team also has time to re-organise

Draw out oppositionDraw out opposition Crowded areas Crowded areas Move ball using width to create spaceMove ball using width to create space


One/Two passingOne/Two passing Eliminate defenders / chase ballEliminate defenders / chase ball Tire them out (speed/endurance)Tire them out (speed/endurance)

Fast accurate passingFast accurate passing Draw defenders out (spaces behind them)Draw defenders out (spaces behind them) Used in areas of little space / lots of playersUsed in areas of little space / lots of players Examples you can thing of in a game?Examples you can thing of in a game?


Shooting / Heading / VolleyingShooting / Heading / Volleying Distance from goalDistance from goal

Outside/inside box or penalty or free kickOutside/inside box or penalty or free kick Goalkeeper can react to fast shoots as quicklyGoalkeeper can react to fast shoots as quickly

Power over Accuracy?Power over Accuracy? Penalty and free-kicks are balls not in motion. Penalty and free-kicks are balls not in motion.

How would your strike differ from a pass or cut How would your strike differ from a pass or cut back when the ball is moving faster to you?back when the ball is moving faster to you?

Speed of Ball (Counter Attack)Speed of Ball (Counter Attack)

High ball speed is important during High ball speed is important during Counter AttackCounter Attack

Getting ball from defence to attack as Getting ball from defence to attack as quickly as possiblequickly as possible Defending players out of positionDefending players out of position More space to pass or run intoMore space to pass or run into

Speed of Ball (Counter Attack)Speed of Ball (Counter Attack)

Weight of passWeight of pass Ball played quickly Ball played quickly In frontIn front of player to run onto – why? of player to run onto – why? Not too hard – why?Not too hard – why? Not too slow – player has to ‘check’ runNot too slow – player has to ‘check’ run

Speed of Ball (Defence)Speed of Ball (Defence)

Pressure from attackersPressure from attackers Long, quick and high balls to attackersLong, quick and high balls to attackers

Counter attack (support from midfield)Counter attack (support from midfield) Ball away from danger areaBall away from danger area But if no support in attack ball could be lost and pressure back onBut if no support in attack ball could be lost and pressure back on

Quick short passesQuick short passes Play out of defence using midfield playersPlay out of defence using midfield players Keep possession Keep possession Remember its an area with lots of players and little spaceRemember its an area with lots of players and little space

Speed of Ball (Defence)Speed of Ball (Defence)

Slow down passingSlow down passing Play across defence if no options to play long to Play across defence if no options to play long to

attack or short to midfieldattack or short to midfield Move ball across pitch (width) to try and open up Move ball across pitch (width) to try and open up

space and draw out oppossitionspace and draw out oppossition

THE IMPORTANCE OF USING THE IMPORTANCE OF USING SPACESPACE

A fundamental feature of good tactical team play is being A fundamental feature of good tactical team play is being able to optimise your space when attacking, and being able able to optimise your space when attacking, and being able to close down your opponents’ space when defending. It to close down your opponents’ space when defending. It requires;requires;

good spatial awarenessgood spatial awareness good role and team awareness.good role and team awareness. Players know how effectively they perform in their role Players know how effectively they perform in their role

THE IMPORTANCE OF USING THE IMPORTANCE OF USING SPACESPACE

The objective of the selected structure/strategy is to use and The objective of the selected structure/strategy is to use and

create space and options in bringing the ball to the goal area.create space and options in bringing the ball to the goal area. Players must have an awareness ofPlayers must have an awareness of spaces and when, where spaces and when, where

& how to move.& how to move. Players must co-operate within the structure/strategy by Players must co-operate within the structure/strategy by

ensuring that their opponents are not allowed to interfere ensuring that their opponents are not allowed to interfere

with the planned strategywith the planned strategy Support play & skill combined to make correct optionSupport play & skill combined to make correct option

ZONE MARKINGZONE MARKING

Zonal markingZonal marking is a defensive strategy where is a defensive strategy where defendersdefenders cover an area of the pitch rather than cover an area of the pitch rather than marking a specific opponent marking a specific opponent

If an opponent moves into the area a defender is If an opponent moves into the area a defender is covering, the defender marks the opponent. covering, the defender marks the opponent.

If the opponent leaves this area, then marking the If the opponent leaves this area, then marking the opponent becomes the responsibility of another opponent becomes the responsibility of another defender. defender.

Advantages/Disadvantages of Zone Advantages/Disadvantages of Zone MarkingMarking

AdvantagesAdvantages Areas of pitch are Areas of pitch are

coveredcovered Saves players energySaves players energy Keep team formation Keep team formation

intactintact Prevents spaces for Prevents spaces for

attackersattackers

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Overload of attackers in Overload of attackers in

one areaone area People not sure of who People not sure of who

they are markingthey are marking

MAN TO MAN MARKINGMAN TO MAN MARKING

Man-to-man markingMan-to-man marking, or , or man markingman marking, is a , is a defensive strategy where defensive strategy where defendersdefenders are are assigned a specific opposition player to mark assigned a specific opposition player to mark rather than covering an area of the pitch. rather than covering an area of the pitch.

Advantages/Disadvantages of Man to Advantages/Disadvantages of Man to Man MarkingMan Marking

Advantages Advantages Every player should be Every player should be

markedmarked Player knows who to Player knows who to

mark/followmark/follow Match players with same Match players with same

physical qualitiesphysical qualities

DisadvantagesDisadvantages Defending players get Defending players get

moved out of positionmoved out of position Team formation is lost – Team formation is lost –

creating space for attackerscreating space for attackers Physically tiringPhysically tiring Poor match up of players Poor match up of players

(fast v slow or tall v short)(fast v slow or tall v short)

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HIGHER REVISION STRUCTURES & STRATAGIES. FIRST THOUGHTS