High Tech Materials

8/8/2019 High Tech Materials

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HIGH-TECH MATERIALS


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VACUUM INSULATED PANELS

A Vacuum Insulated Panel (VIP)

consists of a gas-tight enclosure and a

rigid core from which the air has been

evacuated.

By removing air from fiber, powder, or

foam core materials VIPs achieve highthermal performance at a fraction of

the thickness of cut-to-fit insulation

materials. VIP products are made-to-fit

architectural details, with specified

service lives for floor, wall, and roof

constructions. Quality control of component manufacture is important.

A VIP uses the insulating effects of a

vacuum to produce much higher

thermal resistance than conventional

insulation.


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INSULTED GLAZING

These units use the thermal and acousticinsulating properties of a gas (or vacuum)contained in the space formed by the unit.They can provide good insulation withoutsacrificing transparency . Single glazed

tinted and reflective glasses can providesimilar thermal insulation, but for the sameinsulation performance are harder to seethrough and provide little protectionagainst unwanted sound.

Most IGUs are double glazed, but IGUs

with three sheets or more, i.e. "tripleglazing" are becoming more common dueto higher energy costs. Insulated glazingmay be framed in a sash, frame or in acurtain wall.


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AERO GEL

Aero gel is a manufactured

material with the lowest bulk

density of any known porous

solid. It is derived from a gel in

which the liquid component of

the gel has been replaced with agas. The result is an extremely

low-density solid with several

remarkable properties, most

notably its effectiveness as a

thermal insulator and its

extremely low density.

Aero gel supporting a Brick


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PROPERTIES

Aero gels are good thermal insulators because they almost nullify the threemethods of heat transfer(convection, conduction and radiation). They are good

conductive insulators because they are composed almost entirely from a gas, and

gasses are very poor heat conductors. Silica aero gel is especially good because

silica is also a poor conductor of heat

USES

Commercially, aero gels have been used in granular form to add insulation to

skylights.

Transparent silica aero gel would be very suitable as a thermal insulation materialfor windows,

Aero gel performance may be augmented for a specific application by the addition

of dopants, reinforcing structures, and hybridizing compounds. Using this approach,

the breadth of applications for the material class may be greatly increased.


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GEOTEXTILES

Geotextiles are permeable

fabrics which, when used in

association with soil have the

ability to separate, filter,

reinforce, protect, or drain.

Typically made frompolypropylene or polyester,

geotextile fabrics come in three

basic forms: woven, needle

punched , or heat bonded


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Geotextiles and related

products have many

applications and currently

support many civil engineering

applications including roads,

airfields, railroads,

embankments, retaining

structures, reservoirs, canals,

dams, bank protection, coastal

engineering and construction

site silt fences. Usually

geotextiles are placed at the

tension surface to strengthenthe soil. Geotextiles are also

used for sand dune armoring to

protect upland coastal property

from storm surge, wave action

and flooding

GEOTEXTILES


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EPOXY ANCHORING SYSTEMS

Epoxy Anchoring Systems are

designed for use in anchoring

threaded rod, bolts, reinforcing bars

and smooth dowels into concrete and

other solid base materials. The

system also can be used to anchorinto hollow masonry materials using

threaded rod and screen tubes.

This epoxy-based adhesive is for use

as a high strength, non-shrink anchor

grouting material. Resin and

hardener are dispensed and mixedsimultaneously through the mixing

nozzle.


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It can be used against:

Seismic/wind loading

Long-term creep at

elevated-temperature

Static loading at

elevated-temperature

Damp and water-filled

holes

Freeze-thaw conditions

Critical and minimum

edge distance and

spacing

EPOXY ANCHORING SYSTEMS


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Bubble aluminum radiant insulation

PET aluminum bubble film

consists of layers of

polyethylene bubbles

(single/double) that are

laminated between layers of

PET aluminum. The

polyethylene encapsulated

air bubbles serve as an

effective thermal break as

well as vapor barrier, while

the two outer layers of

aluminum reflect up to 97%

of all of the radiant heating

energy.


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Recommended use and benefits:(1)Major materials source for

auto accessories-sun shade, sun

shield, ice bag, cooler bag, ice

box.

(2) Homeowners, new and

rebuild: wall, attics, duct and pipewrap, post frame, block and

concrete wall, plumbing and

HVAC; Floor joist, slab, shed,

roofs and ceilings

(3) 3 in 1 insulation: vapor

barrier, thermal barrier, radiantbarrier

(4) Agricultural insulation: Dairy

barns, poultry house, hog shed,

etc, for the purpose of clean,

non-toxic, damp and water

resistant, radiant heat insulation

Bubble aluminum radiant insulation


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MUDBRICK OR ADOBE

Mudbrick or adobe is a buildingmaterial which consists of clay-loamsoil puddled with water, sometimescontaining straw. The ideal soilrequires a clay content and thestraw can be added to reduce drying

and cracking.However, almost any soil can beadapted to make mud bricks;making it one of the most flexibleand convenient building methods.It is most popular due to itssimplicity, which is easily grasped by

the layperson with limitedexperience, time or resources.


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Manufacture and laying

Adobe bricks are made with a completelysaturated mixture of clay and sand (andsometimes straw or manure), poured orpressed into forms, which are then

removed. After the bricks have dried forseveral days, they are turned on edge forfurther drying, then stacked for transportor for use on site. Typically, mud mortaris used, but a concrete- or lime-basedmortar has also been employed in certain

cases. Various stabilizers for the adobesthemselves have been developed, withmost, however, relying on cementitiousor asphalt-based compounds.


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The different material properties which

makes material selection critical:

Strength

Thickness

Elasticity

weight, etc.)

Common materials for doubly-curved

fabric structures are Teflon coated

fiberglass and PVC coated polyester.

MEMBRANE MATERIALS


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Architectural fabrics are composites of woven

substrate fiber protected by an applied

coating.

The finish coating applied to the substratematerial seals the fabric against weather and

dirt, provides resistance to ultraviolet light,

functions as a medium for joining panels and,

in some cases, incorporates fire-resistant

chemicals.

The roof can be a source of light at night bydirecting artificial light on its highly reflective

surface.

Primarily nylon, polyester, polyethylene and

fiberglass are used.

The proper selection of membrane material is based on:proposed structure's size

Form

Function

project economics, and

desired longevity.


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PTFE is used world wide as the

preferred material for large-scale

permanent structures.

It has excellent weather, temperatureand chemical resistance in addition to its

durability and strength.

This material has a life span of over 25

years and is manufactured in accordance

to standards.

Before installation, PTFE has an irregularoff white or slightly brown color, which is

caused during the manufacturing and

fabrication process.

TEFLON COATED FIBREGLASS (PTFE)


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EDEN PROJECT


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HDPE is a mesh material

manufactured and used in a

variety of ways.

This high-density

polyethylene fabric provideshigh tensile strength, biaxial

stability under load, UV

stability, high UV absorption,

and a Class A fire resistance.

This fabric is especially well

suited for dry/hot climateswhere protection from sun

and hail is desired.

HDPE membranes are not

waterproof.

HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)

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