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www.cavendish-‐kine.cs.com
High Performance Handset Antenna Design Using RF MEMS Capacitors Co-authors Jianfa Wang, ZTE MT (nubia) Zhisheng Tian, ZTE MT (nubia) Paul Tornatta (presenter), Cavendish Kinetics Li Chen, Cavendish Kinetics
November 6, 2014
Outline
§ CK at a glance § Market Drivers § Benefits of Aperture Tuning § Device Requirements for Aperture Tuning § Comparison of Tuned and Non-tuned Antenna in
Smart Phone configuration § Product Roadmap § Summary
2
Cavendish Kinetics Snapshot
Business Tunable RF solu/ons focused ini/ally on Smartphone/Tablet antennas
Market Size > $2B for Tunable RF Front-‐end Components by 2015
Solu.on Industry’s highest-‐performance Antenna Frequency Tuning Solu.on
Loca.ons San Jose, CA (HQ); Netherlands; Asia (3 loca.ons)
Patents & IP >100 patents & applica.ons
Major Investors Tallwood Venture Capital, Wellington Partners, Cel.c House Ventures, Qualcomm Ventures
Company Status Technology & Product qualified over process and temperature, released to Produc.on. In mass produc.on on Nubia Z7 Smartphone. Design-‐in process on a number of addi.onal pla`orms
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Decreasing antenna efficiency is degrading connection quality Antenna frequency tuning is becoming a requirement
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
75%
50%
25%
Antenn
a Effi
cien
cy
Internal antennas
More radios
Full screen phones
Mul.-‐mode 12+ bands
Outstanding Connec.on Quality
Antenna Tuning
4
Antenna Size and LTE Spectrum kill Antenna Performance
5
1200 mm3 500-‐700 mm3
Efficiency ~ Size/Wavelength
Bandwidth
Antenna volume shrinking
Smaller antenna = Lower Efficiency
1/2/3/4/5/7/8/12/17/20/29/34/38/39/40/41
GSM/CDMA/TD-‐SCDMA/TD-‐LTE/FDD-‐LTE
Antenna covers wider bandwidth
700 -‐ 960 1700-‐2100 2300-‐2700
Efficiency ~ Size/Wavelength
Bandwidth
Wide bandwidth = Lower Efficiency
Full screen, Thin Form Factor LTE deployed in new RF bands
Key Requirements for Aperture Tuning Antenna Performance
Impact Requirements for Aperture Tuning
Antenna Efficiency TRP, TIS Low Cmin Low ESR High Q
Cmin 0.8pF, 0.6pF ESR < 0.5 Ohm Q> 150 @ 2GHZ Q> 225 @ 750 MHz
Tuning Range Band Coverage C-‐range >3:1 High SRF
4:1, 5:1 SRF>8GHz
Low Noise TIS High IIP3 Low harmonics Low parasi.cs
IIP3 > 65dBm Tx spurious< -‐85dBm Rx spurious< -‐120dBm
Small Size Cost, Performance
Board space Low cost
2 mm2
Most important features for aperture tuning: Q, Ra/o, Size and Cmin
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Important parameters for tuning devices
Parameter Effect CK MEMS Status
Switching Cycles Reliability 5B heading to 30B by July
RFFE Soqware Compa.bility
Base Band Compa.bility Verified with all key base band chip suppliers
Voltage Handling IP3, Harmonics 40 V RMS (57 V peak), maintain all specs
Frequency Tuning TRP/TIS Simultaneous, Independent, Low-‐Band and High-‐Band tuning
Manufacturing and Delivering
Mass produc.on .ming Partnering with larger company to support customers
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nubia Z7: the World’s First Smartphone with SmarTune
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TRP Comparison – Tuned PIFA vs. Non-Tuned PIFA
9
Frequency MHz
TRP dB
m
B40 B41
Antenna tunes between B40 and B41
Other Bands not effected by tuning
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China Mobile LTE/3G/2G Spectrum Band Support Requirements
Low-‐band China Mob
ile
Performance Spe
cs Global 2G/3G Spectrum
§ Despite the twin performance challenges of a thin ID and 15 different spectrum bands
SmarTune enabled nubia’s Z7 to provide industry leading LTE performance above the China Mobile requirements
Mid-‐band High-‐band
GSM B5; B8 B2; B3 TD-‐SCDMA B34; B39 WCDMA B5 B1; B2 TD-‐LTE B39 B40 B38; B41 FD-‐LTE B20 B1; B3; B4 B7
960 1710 2700 2170 2300 2400 2500 820 Spectrum (MHz)
Mid/ High
>80% >40%
Tunable PAs: • Improved Efficiency • Increased band coverage • Reduced Power draw
Tunable Filters: • Improved Efficiency • Increased band coverage • BOM improvements
PA
LNA PA
High Band
ASM
RFIC
Low Band
PA Module
LNA
BeRer Switches: • 10x lower inser.on loss • Increased switch throws • BOM improvements
Antenna Tuning:
Cavendish’s Roadmap: RF MEMS for EVERY RF Application
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Summary
§ Industrial design trends, extended frequency range, and added features are driving the need for tunable antennas
§ Aperture tuning provides best performance over frequency § Tuning element must meet key critical performance parameters, like low
ESR and low Cmin to be viable for aperture tuning § Nubia Z7 SmartPhone is the first phone in the industry to have
SmarTune technology enabling superior upload and download speeds § >40% improvement over spec in B4, >80% improvement over spec in
B41 § RF MEMS now in full mass production for Antenna Tuning § Also applicable to switches, filters, power amplifiers 12
Thank You
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