Hibernation Hibernation and Migrationand Migration

AdaptationAdaptation

People are always having to People are always having to adapt or change to different adapt or change to different situationssituations

For animals adaptation can be a For animals adaptation can be a matter of life and deathmatter of life and death

How do we adapt when winter How do we adapt when winter comes?comes?

How do animals How do animals prepare for winter?prepare for winter? Some head for Some head for

warmer climates- warmer climates- migrationmigration

Some will put on Some will put on a thick coat of fura thick coat of fur

Some animals Some animals head head underground for a underground for a long winter’s naplong winter’s nap

What is hibernation?What is hibernation?

This is a very This is a very special kind of special kind of deep sleepdeep sleep

It is brought on It is brought on by short day by short day lengths, cold lengths, cold temperatures temperatures and food and food shortagesshortages

Why do animals Why do animals hibernate?hibernate? It is a survival strategyIt is a survival strategy Dropping into a deep hibernation Dropping into a deep hibernation

means animals are using less means animals are using less energyenergy

Food is scarceFood is scarce Animals miss the cold seasonsAnimals miss the cold seasons

What are the dangers What are the dangers of hibernation?of hibernation? The animal is The animal is

defenceless, defenceless, which means it which means it maybe attacked maybe attacked by predators and by predators and eaten!eaten!

How do animals How do animals prepare for prepare for hibernation?hibernation? They try to put on as much fat as They try to put on as much fat as

possible because they wont be eating possible because they wont be eating much during the wintermuch during the winter

This is called brown fat, which is found This is called brown fat, which is found across the back and shoulders, close across the back and shoulders, close to an animal’s organsto an animal’s organs

Brown fat works hard to deliver quick Brown fat works hard to deliver quick energy to an animal coming out of energy to an animal coming out of hibernationhibernation

Light SleepersLight Sleepers

Some animals are not true hibernatorsSome animals are not true hibernators They are easily awakened during their They are easily awakened during their

winter slumberswinter slumbers These animals breathe a little more These animals breathe a little more

slowly and lower their body slowly and lower their body temperature a few degreestemperature a few degrees

The wake up to forage between winter The wake up to forage between winter snowssnows

Can you think of any Can you think of any animals that animals that hibernate?hibernate?BearBear

hedgehoghedgehog

LadybirdLadybird

SnakeSnake

SquirrelsSquirrels

BatsBats

AdderAdder

Snakes cannot control Snakes cannot control their body heat so the their body heat so the only way they can only way they can survive in cold weather survive in cold weather is to go into hibernationis to go into hibernation

Hibernate from October Hibernate from October to Aprilto April

They will often go They will often go underground , in underground , in deserted rabbit or deserted rabbit or rodent burrowsrodent burrows

They sometimes They sometimes hibernate in groups and hibernate in groups and over 800 adders were over 800 adders were once found hibernating once found hibernating togethertogether

As the days get longer and As the days get longer and warmer adders begin to wake upwarmer adders begin to wake up

Males sometimes emerge Males sometimes emerge between 2 and 5 weeks before between 2 and 5 weeks before the females, they shed their skin the females, they shed their skin before setting off in search of a before setting off in search of a matemate

Fact: Adders are the only Fact: Adders are the only venomous snake in Britain! venomous snake in Britain!

HedgehogsHedgehogs

Hedgehogs Hedgehogs hibernate for 5 or 6 hibernate for 5 or 6 months during the months during the winterwinter

They prepare for They prepare for their long sleep by their long sleep by eating lots of foodeating lots of food

They build nests They build nests from leaves and from leaves and grass in rabbit grass in rabbit burrow, hedgerows burrow, hedgerows and underneath and underneath compost heapscompost heaps

The leafy walls can be ten The leafy walls can be ten centimeters thick and provide centimeters thick and provide great insulation from the coldgreat insulation from the cold

While they’re asleep their While they’re asleep their heartbeat goes down from 190 to heartbeat goes down from 190 to about 20 beats per minuteabout 20 beats per minute

Body temperature drops to about Body temperature drops to about 10 degrees C10 degrees C

You might think that most hedgehog You might think that most hedgehog deaths are caused by carsdeaths are caused by cars

More hedgehogs die during More hedgehogs die during hibernationshibernations

They can’t protect themselves from They can’t protect themselves from rain, flooding, the cold or lack of rain, flooding, the cold or lack of energy if their fat reserves run outenergy if their fat reserves run out

Recap (answer the questions in complete Recap (answer the questions in complete sentences in your notebook:sentences in your notebook:

What is hibernation and why do animals What is hibernation and why do animals hibernate?hibernate?

Identify some animals that hibernateIdentify some animals that hibernate What are some dangers of hibernation?What are some dangers of hibernation? What is migration?What is migration? How do animals know when to migrate?How do animals know when to migrate? Why do animals migrate?Why do animals migrate?