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SILS - Spring 2020
HI307
MEDIA HISTORY:
Four Modern Revolutions Graham Law
Internet (3): Media Future
Structure of today’s presentation
I Web 2.0 – O’Reilly & Web 2.0
– O’Reilly vs. Berners-Lee
II SF Movies on Media Future: 4 Dystopian Fantasies – Nineteen-Eighty Four (1984)
– They Live! (1988)
– The Matrix (1999)
– Minority Report (2002)
III About the Final Exam (available from Sun. Jul. 26)
I. Back to Web 2.0
Web 2.0 Who coined the term?
When?
Where?
Why?
What does it mean?
What should it mean?
“O’Reilly Media” (Cal.) Conference title 2004
Tim O’Reilly manifesto 2005/9
M. Angermeier (Berlin) “mememap” 2005/11
“CPM Media” Service Mark Registration 2006
Web 2.0: O’Reilly v. Berners-Lee Think about these questions:
– What are the characteristics of Web 2.0 according to the two commentators?
– In what respects are the writers’ positions compatible? In what respects are they incompatible?
– What are your own opinions? Which of the writers do you tend to agree with?
Sources – O’Reilly 1: http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/what-is-web-20.html
– Berners-Lee: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/podcast/dwi/cm-int082206txt.html
– O’Reilly 2: http://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2006/12/web_20_compact.html
Web-architecture & Interactivity/Collectivity
Business Models & Selling Services
II. SF Movies on Media Future
dystopian fantasy 1:
‘Big Brother is watching you’
Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984)
Directed by Michael Radford
Based on 1948/1949 novel by
George Orwell
Author of The Road to Wigan
Pier (1937), Homage to
Catalonia (1939), Animal
Farm (1945)
dystopian fantasy 2:
‘manufacturing consent’
They Live! (1988)
Based on short story by
Ray Nelson
Off-beat (radical?) director
John Carpenter
Maker of Dark Star
(1974), Assault on Precinct
13 (1976), Halloween
(1978)
Focus Questions (Clips 1 & 2)
What media are represented in
the movies?
Who controls the media in the
movies?
How and Why?
Which clip do you prefer?
Which threat do you think is
more pressing today?
George Orwell: “In our age, the idea of intellectual liberty is under attack from two directions. On the one side are its theoretical enemies, the apologists of totalitarianism, and on the other its immediate, practical enemies, monopoly and bureaucracy. Any writer or journalist who wants to retain his integrity finds himself thwarted by the general drift of society rather than by active persecution. The sort of things that are working against him are the concentration of the press in the hands of a few rich men, the grip of monopoly on radio and the films .”
‘The Prevention of Literature’ (1946)
dystopian fantasy 3:
The Matrix
– (Fox, 1999)
– dir. Wachowski Bros
– Baudrillard influence
– Gibson concept
– “cyberpunk” genre
– setting = c. 2199
– AI and sentient machines
– human/computer interface
– rebels & agents
dystopian fantasy 4:
Minority Report
– (WB, 2002)
– dir. Steven Spielberg
– Philip K. Dick story source
– setting = 2054
– cops & politicians
– Predestination and Choice
– 3D glass displays
– multi-touch interface
– retina scan recognition
Focus Questions (Clips 3 & 4)
For both clips, think about:
• technological innovation
- media & communications
• social transformation
- freedom and control
Other relevant SF movies?
III. Exam
Final exam (Sun. Jul. 26 ~ Fri. Jul. 31)
Focusing on key concepts/examples/cases
from ALL lecture Powerpoints
Multiple-choice section – 40 questions, select one of five answers for each (10 on each revolution)
Writing section
– a series of four mini-essays (1 on each revolution)
60 minutes in length
Via Waseda Moodle – Any time between | 2020/7/26 | 23.00 | and | 2020/7/31 | 23.00 | both JST
You can use any reference materials you like
But the time available is strictly limited to one hour
Discussion Session
Over to You
Questions & Comments