Hi-Tide Issue 8, June 2016

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Newspaper of La Jolla High School - ljhitide.com

Nowhere to Nightly NewsWhere Islamic State came from and how they terrorized the West

BY RYAN ROBSON

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF ELECT

In the 2012 Obama-Romneydebates, the words “ISIS” were

not uered once. In the last ve primary de-bates for each party, IslamicState has been mentioned morethan one hundred times. How did this terrorist group -virtually unheard of four yearsago - instill fear in the Ameri-can public and become cited bypresidential candidates as thenumber one security threat fac-ing the United States? Since its core structure wasestablished in 1999, Islamic Statehas grown to control territoriescontaining millions of people,raise billions in revenues, andbecome the wealthiest and most

internet-savvy terrorist organi-zation the West has ever faced.

Beginnings

Islamic State nds its roots inAbu Musab al-Zarqawi, a radi-cal freelancer who moved to Af -

ghanistan to conduct jihad. ere, the Jordan-born opera-tive established a training boot-camp for terrorists in Herat, Af -ganistan and established close

links to Osama bin Laden andal-Qaeda. In 1999, he established Ja-ma’at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad, thebasic foundation that led to theeventual establishment of Is-lamic State. Zarqawi dreamed of creatingan extreme religious society,and when he ed to Iraq, hisgroup began executing violentaacks on Jews and Shia Mus-lims. In 2004, aer holding outfor years, Zarqawi joined forc-es with Osama bin Laden andrenamed his organization“al-Qaeda in Iraq,” or AQI. Bin

Laden said Zarqawi was “theemir [leader] of the al-Qaedaorganization in the land of theTigris and the Euphrates.” According to the Council onForeign Relations, “Zarqawi’sorganization took aim at U.S.

forces their international al-lies, and local collaborators.It sought to draw the UnitedStates into a sectarian civil warby aacking Shias and their

holy sites, including the Imamal-Askari shrine in 2006, to pro-voke them to retaliate againstSunni civilians.” Zarqawi’s violent tactics soondrew the ire of al-Qaeda leader-ship. A former senior ocial andthe current leader of al-Qaeda,Ayman al-Zawahiri, wrote awell-known leer to Zarqawiadmonishing him for aackingcivilians. Zarqawi ignored the directiveand AQI detonated bombs inNovember 2005 at three touristhotels in Amman, Jordan. Short-ly thereaer, he was taken out

by a US air strike and a torrentof American troops blanketedIraq. In 2007, the withdrawal ofAmerican troops began andObama announced the fulll-ment of his campaign promise

to withdraw all forces in 2011. “Iraq’s not a perfect place,”the President admied. “It hasmany challenges ahead. Butwe’re leaving behind a sover-

eign, stable and self reliant Iraqwith a represen-tative govern-ment that waselected by itspeople. We’re building a newpartnership between our na-tions and we are ending a warnot with a nal bale but with anal march toward home.” e US, however, failed torecognize the deep fractures ex-acerbated by Zarqawi betweenthe Sunnis and the Shia govern-ment, and the new Islamic Statecreated by Zarqawi’s successorspoised itself to exploit the dif -ferences.

Expansion

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Islam-ic State’s current leader, tookthe reigns of the terrorist net-

Vol XC - Issue 8 - June 3, 2016

THE BIGSTORY

Teacher Grievances SpikeTeachers file many grievances against the

administration for numerous contract violationsBY NESSIE NAVARRO

SENIOR EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Under Dana Shelburne, La Jolla High School’s principal fortwo decades, an average of lessthan one grievance against theadministration was led by ateacher each year. Since Dr. Chuck Podhorskybecame principal of LJHS in2014, the Hi-Tide has learnedthat over a dozen such griev-ances have been led, a numberwhich teachers have described as

“unprecedented”, “alarming,” and“a cause for great concern.” Grievances can be led byteachers for a perceived breachof the contract that is agreedto between the San Diego Edu-cation Association (SDEA), thelabor union which representsteachers, and the San Diego Uni-ed School District (SDUSD), thebody that employs the teachers.

e lengthy contract, which isrevisited every few years, out-lines in detail policies for teacherwages and employment proce-dures, as well as student rightssuch as the number of instruc-tional days and resource allo-cation for programs (includingspecial education). Under Dr. Podhorsky, a myri-ad of grievances have been ledagainst the LJHS administrationby teachers for the following rea-sons: failure to follow the con-tract in the excessing of teachers,

ordering of administrative leave,reassignment of classes, and theprevention of teacher-led unionmeetings. e grievance process has beeninitiated over twelve times underDr. Podhorsky, sources say, withall but one of the cases resultingin an outcome favorable to theteacher. Mrs. Zink is the excep-tion, as her situation remains

unresolved. (She remains on paidadministrative leave.) e grievance process beginswhen a teacher approaches oneof LJHS’s three site union rep-resentatives with a concern re-garding a possible violation ofthe union contract. is site union rep will thenreach out to SDEA and speak toa contract specialist, who willreview the situation and deter-mine if a breach of contract hasoccurred. If the specialist agreesthat there is a case, the griev-

ance will proceed to level one:an informal meeting betweenthe teacher, the site rep, and theschool principal. If the issue is not resolved tothe teacher’s satisfaction, a rep-resentative from SDEA will joina “level two” meeting with theteacher, the site union rep, and

LJHS NEWS

Computer Classes inJeopardy?Getting to the bottom of student rumors

BY AUSTIN IVERSON

STAFF WRITER

Over the past few months, ru-mors have swirled around thecampus regarding the fate of theLa Jolla High School computerscience program. Computer science teacherGreg Volger told the Hi-Tide,“As of now, I’ve been assured by[LJHS Principal Dr. Chuck Pod-horsky] that the program will berunning next year. When asked why the rumorsmight be circulating, Mr. Volg-er explained, “Our district oce

said there was only .6 of a posi-tion, and might not be funded fornext year.” A 60% position means that thedistrict would be unable to funda teacher’s full schedule of class-es. (Mr. Volger currently teachersve periods of Comp. Sci. 1-2, APComp. Sci, and Comp. Sci. 3-4). Once Mr. Volger retires, a re-

placement will need be found forthe program to continue. “In the case of CCTE [College,Career & Technical Education],there’s a teacher’s contract thatguides a lot of how teachers arehired so it’s really kind of out ofthe hands of the principal,” Dr.Podhorsky said. “Many of those rules are basedon teacher seniority, those typesof things. At this point there havebeen conversations but there isnobody identied; nobody has acontract in hand.” Dr. Podhorsky cited low stu-dent demand, even in student se-

lections for next year, as the un-derlying issue with the computerscience program. “e courses are oered basedon course request, and they’realso oered on our ability to staywithin the contractual limits, sowe can’t have more than 36 kidsin the class.”

See “COMPUTER,” page 6See “GRIEVANCES,” page 6

SPORTS

NFL Draft 2016

FEATURES

Senior Bucket List

PHOTO

DeceptionEXCURSIONS

“When I Was in Africa...” by Robert J. Boyd

MORE INSIDE

See “ISIS,” page 16



OPINIONSJune 3, 20162

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

Ryan Robson

NEWS EDITORS

Nora BeckerJimmy Irwin

OPINIONS EDITORS

Ariana DennisZoe Mendel

INTERNATIONAL EDITOR

Sam Kinsey

MANAGING EDITOR

Khalil Eley

SPORTS EDITOR

Shayna Kobrinetz

STUDENT FOCUS EDITOR

Georgie MorrisA&E EDITOR

Brooke Kaufman

FEATURES EDITORS

Asha AlagiriJulia Walton

PHOTO EDITOR

Alexa Kideys

CARTOONS EDITOR

Tanner Ford

ADVISOR

Robert J. Boyd

OUTGOING SENIOR EDITORSSara Espinosa

Nessie NavarroAndrea AlbanezCreekstar AllanKieran Bauman

Viviana BonomieSophia Dorfsman

Sophia KetringJillian Kopp

Yenitzia LopezTristan Macelli

RESIDENT DANCER Mitchell Itkin

STAFF WRITERSLucy BartonJenna Cunningham

Alexander DrewNikolai GaenzleAustin IversonJade MoujaesJillian Murray

Maia PearlJessica PennerRebecca RyanRoss Shephard

Mingze Yu

e Hi-Tide, an open forum, is theocial student newspaper of LaJolla High School. Unless otherwise

noted, opinions voiced in the Hi- Tide belong to the individual au-

thor. e Hi-Tide welcomes leers,opinions, or media submissions

from anyone. You may email submissions to [email protected]

or drop them o in Room 514. Allsubmissions should be typed. e

Hi-Tide reserves the right to refuseany material. To advertise with the

Hi-Tide or to purchase a subscrip- tion, please email us or call (858)

454-3081, extension 4514. No partof the Hi-Tide may be reproduced

without wrien permission.

The La Jolla High School

SINCE 1925

90YEARS

ljhitide.com

Construction Disrupts La Jolla StudentsBY JIMMY IRWINNEWS EDITOR ELECT

If one walks through theschool on any given morningat La Jolla High, they are sureto hear a symphony of yawns,

laughing, lockers shuing, feetshuing, student conversationsand more. Among the conversa-tions are sure to be grumblingsabout the lack of parking.

As if there were not enoughparking before, the problem hasbeen exacerbated by the ongo-ing street repair. Some complainthat it interrupts our morningcommute too much and that thecrews ought to do it aer school

gets out each day.Others say that they should

not do it during the school year,and instead perform the work insummer. If it were done aer school,people would complain that it

clogs up the roads too muchthen. If it were done in the sum-mer, people would protest that itwould make San Diego’s famoussummer trac even more night-marish.

While there are always somethings that could be done at abeer time or perhaps be per-formed more eciently, therewill never be a perfect time. ework needs to be done.

Before, some La Jollans com-plained that our roads were fall-ing into disrepair and that thecity needed to make their resto-ration a priority. Now that thatis being accomplished, they are

carping about it conicting withtheir schedules.e repair crews are already

being very considerate. Forexample, West Muirlands isblocked o from mid-April tomid-May because they are re-

placing the sewer pipes underthe streets there. But, they areonly blocking it o between 8a.m. and 4 p.m. is is to allowpeople to use the road to get to

school in the mornings and easetrac ow, as they know theconstruction going on all aroundalready puts stress on their com-mute.

Sure, the road repairs causea few more headaches in the

morning, but they need to bedone, and there will always be atime that seems beer than thepresent to get them done. Butonce we reach that time, it al-

ways seems to slip further intothe future.We should just be thankful

that the work is geing done,and incorporate a few extra min-utes into our morning commuteto accommodate the repairs.

Construction signs block the entrance of WestMuirlands Drive, a commonly used side street for LaJolla studentsPhoto via Zoe Mendel

The Next 90 YearsA note from the Editor-in-Chief “If you don’t read the news-paper, you’re uninformed. Ifyou read the newspaper, you’remis-informed,” Mark Twain once

warned. Mr. Twain might be even morecaustic if he saw the media land-scape today: click-driven onlinepublications, polarized TV news,and news results manipulated byGoogle to show us articles weare more likely to agree with. In the wake of this massiveworldwide change, old ethics areunder siege and public-serving journalism at all levels is now atrisk. We have witnessed this changerst-hand this election cycle - inprint media, television, and newonline outlets. Publications have engaged in

scores of irresponsible behavior;condently predicting the un-predictable, adding bias into themix right and le, and emphasiz-ing ratings over the truth. All of these publications havean obligation to exercise theirFirst Amendment rights in a re-sponsible way. And so do we. In the past year (the Hi-Tide ’sninetieth one), we have utilizedboth editorial restraint and edi-torial freedom to keep readersinformed and present a range ofperspectives on various issuesfrom the school to the world. e articles, the opinion piec-

es, and the advertisement thatcatalyzed campus discussionsthis year all went through asound student editorial reviewthat emphasized truth and civildiscourse over u and inaccu-racy. “We are an open platform,”Mark Zuckerberg said to conser-vatives to crystallize his vision ofFacebook in response to allega-tions of liberally-skewed results. e Hi-Tide , too, is an openplatform for the presentation ofideas and discussion of news bystudents, teachers, and the restof our school community. While we plan to continue this

commitment next year, we willalso be making changes to make journalism possible at La JollaHigh for another ninety years.

When this newspaper wasfounded, the television had notbeen invented yet. Undoubtedly, the coming de-cades will bring profound tech-nological advancements (virtualreality, anyone?) that will revo-lutionize media again and againthroughout the twenty-rst cen-tury. While we cannot predict thefuture, nor aord to build a VRapp at this time, we will never-theless be updating our design,slowly shuing online with up-to-date content and video, andrecalibrating our social media tomake it legitimately useful to the

student body. Most importantly, we willstrive to ensure that the Hi-Tidebecomes an ever more accessiblesource for stories that are rele-vant to you. In my new capacity as Edi-tor-in-Chief, I look forward tokeeping our school beer andmore fairly informed. Whether this means our news-paper is the source for instantupdates on key school events,academic and athletic news, orgreat longform and video storiescovering La Jolla and the worldat large, the burgeoning Hi-Tidewill deliver.

Last year, our newspaper tookhome second place in the SanDiego County Fair, and I amcondent that the issues createdthis year under the leadershipof our former page editors, Edi-tors-in-Chief Sara Espinosa andNessie Navarro, and our intelli-gent advisor Robert J. Boyd willonce again get the recognitionthey deserve.

Until next year,

Ryan Robson

2016-2017 Editor-in-Chief Elect

BY NORA BECKER

NEWS EDITOR ELECT

On Saturday May 14th, Liberté

Chan, a meteorologist at KTLA inLos Angeles, was given a sweat-er on live television aer viewerscomplained that her black dressmade her look “like she didn’tmake it home from her cocktailparty last night.” (Chan later saidthat she had originally plannedto wear a dierent dress, but itdidn’t cooperate with the cameraand the greenscreen.) Her coworker, Chris Burrous,can be seen wiggling a gray car-digan from o screen, and Chantakes it reluctantly aer he tellsher they’ve been geing a lot ofemails complaining about thedress.

First: yes, I do believe thatprofessionalism is something tobe valued. But I also believe thatChan’s shoulders should not be acontroversy. What Chan, or anyperson, wears is up to them.

Second: in videos posted af -ter the incident, Burrous readsaloud a few of the nasty emails,and it’s clear that he too is as-tounded by them. Chan claimsthat her bosses did not orderher to wear the sweater, and sheplayed along with Burrous’ joke.But if Burrous is just as surprisedby the emails, why give her thesweater, on live television?

It was a 6 am broadcast on a

Saturday morning – “a lot” of

emails has to be an exaggeration.ese few people won, essen-

tially, when Burrous gives in.Publicly shaming Chan was the

wrong move.In the background of the videoof Burrous reading emails, Chansays incredulously, “Can wetalk about my weather perfor-mance?” And she’s right.

Women “in the public eye”(newscasters, celebrities, etc.)are so oen judged on their ap-pearances rather than their intel-lect. Australian newscaster KarlStefanovic revealed in November2014 that he had been wear-ing the same suit every day fora year. “No one has noticed; noone gives a s—,” Stefanovic saidto a local media station. “Butwomen, they wear the wrong

color and they get pulled up.ey say the wrong thing andthere’s thousands of tweets writ-ten about them.” (e hashtag#sweatergate was coined aerChan’s controversy.)

His year-long experiment goesto show that women are held toan almost unaainable standard.(In the aforementioned video,Chan says, “I have to go shop-ping now. It’s a lot of pressure.”)

Much of the sexism seen todayis almost backhanded, so subtleit’s just accepted. But when a glaring example ofsexism is seen on live television,it’s hard to ignore.

On #SweaterGateMeteorologist falls victim to on-screen criticismfor dress choice

Chan is instructed to put on a sweater during herweather report by off-screen coworker.Photo via Facebook

CorrectionAn article in the January 22,2016 issue of the Hi-Tide , “NoMore Free Periods for Classof ‘17,” incorrectly stated thatthe SDUSD was eliminatingfree periods for seniors to in-crease funding. e changewas made to comply withCalifornia AB 1012.



OPINIONSJune 3, 2016 3

Shots or Smallpox?Vaccines Still Prove to be BeneficialBY ZOE MENDEL

OPINIONS EDITOR ELECT

e Center for Disease Control(CDC) recommends 28 doses of

vaccinations for kids from birthto age six. I say “recommends”because vaccines for childrencannot be mandated by federallaw, as a personal right protectedby the First Amendment. All 50states, however, require vaccina-tion to aend public school, evenif they must allow religious andeven philosophical exemptions.

It’s common sense to demandvaccinations for schoolchil-dren. It not only helps their im-mune systems develop strongresistance to diseases but alsokeeps the school’s student bodyhealthy. As we learned from theplague, close quarters and lots of

human contact can be a disease’sbest friend. Why wouldn’t par-ents protect their children andschoolmates from diseases? Many opposed parents claimthat vaccines cause serious andsometimes fatal side eects, suchas an allergic reaction. Accord-ing to the CDC, however, it onlyoccurs in about one in a millionchildren. Others say that thecompound aluminum in vacci-nations in trace amounts can belinked to autism. Researchers,however, assure that in traceamounts (like that of a vaccine)such chemicals are safe for thebody’s consumption.

Along with a few other chem-ical rumors, one of the largestarguments made by anti-vacci-nation organizations is the in-fringement on personal rightsthat is presented by demandingvaccinations. Several religionsoppose vaccinations, and de-manding them infringes on acitizen’s First Amendment Rightto religious freedom, which wassolidied by the court case Cant- well v. Connecticut in 1939. Someobject to the controversial com-pounds in some vaccines, suchas animal products, or the useof aborted fetus cells during the

production process. Public health is an import-ant part of maintaining a well-to-do nation that is still one ofthe world’s leading powers. esimple truth is that vaccines cansave lives, and have been record-ed by the CDC to be 99% eec-tive in preventing disease. As

for the aforementioned allergicreaction, the odds are minisculecompared to the 2.5 million chil-dren annually saved by vaccinesalone. Still, anti-vaccination orga-nizations have claimed that thevaccines are no longer necessarybecause they target diseases thatare no longer eective. One suchexample is smallpox, which hascompletely disappeared thanksto vaccinations. As a result, thereare no more smallpox vaccina-tions being given. Especially in America, reli-gious beliefs, which are protect-ed by the First Amendment, need

to be respected.e ability to completely erad-

icate a disease like smallpox, thathad formerly killed thousands ofpeople, however, is a wonderfulachievement by medical profes-sionals and could possibly leadthem to cuing edge discoverieswith diseases that threaten ournation now.

Can you imagine a worldwithout the u? What about aworld without AIDS? Could thiseven lead to protection againstnon-inherited forms of cancer?We’ll never know if we refusethe vaccinations we have now.

BY BROOKE KAUFMAN

SPORTS EDITOR ELECT

It is common knowledge thatthe past three centuries of prog-ress have been powered by coal,oil, and gas, also known as thefossil fuels. If the world contin-ues to burn what is le of theseenergy providers, however, en-vironmental and economic ca-tastrophes are inevitable. equestion that remains is: howcan humanity rid itself of de-pending on fossil fuels withoutgiving up on growth? In America today, fossil fuelsare the nation’s primary sourceof energy, accounting for eighty-ve percent of current fuel use. With gross over-consumptionworld-wide of fossil fuels, theworld is quickly deterioratinginto a mess of environmentaland economic problems.

Global warming, air pollution,oil spills, and acid rain are simul-taneously destroying the face ofthe planet. Additionally, heavyreliance on fossil fuels, at a timeof growing demand and dwin-dling supply is contributing toworldwide price uctuations. Formed as a result of decayedplants and animals that have

been exposed to heat and pres-sure in the Earth’s crust, fossilfuels began their path to main-stream consumption around thetime the Industrial Revolutiontook o in the 18th century, andvast quantities of fossil fuelsbegan being used to power theeconomy and deliver unprece-dented auence to huge num-bers of people. Today, the fossil fuel industrynot only produces the world’slargest sources of energy but al-lows for millions of employmentopportunities worldwide.

e reason why people are sohesitant to put an end to the useof fossil fuels is because the col-lapse of an industry so large anddominant would cause cataclys-mic economic fallouts. As the de-mand continues to increase forcoal, oil, and gas, prices of eachcommodity and the need for newworkers rises as well. e ‘fossil fuel jobs boom’ hasgreatly boosted America’s recov-ery from the recession and, con-sequently, is strongly supportedby those beneting from thatsection of the labor force. While the clean-energy in-dustries have grown at slightlylesser rates than that of the fossil

The “Eco” in EconomyBalancing the growth and the environment

Pollution produced by a factory burning coal in Germany.Photo via Wikipedia

A modern smallpoxvaccination kit, includ-ing bifercation needlePhoto via Wikipedia

fuels, energy-generating mech-anisms, such as wind and solarpower, remain on the rise as major players in the race to safelypower the planet. In fact, a 2014 study conductedby British Petroleum and RoyalDutch Shell, two of the world’slargest oil companies, predictedthat by 2050, one-third of theworld’s energy will need to comefrom solar, wind, and other re-newable resources. As explainedby company scientists, as climatechange, population growth, andfossil fuel depletion continueson, renewables will need to playa bigger role in the future thanthey do today. And although humanity re-mains unclear as to how exactlywe can save the planet, all whilegenerating enough energy andkeeping the job economy stable,there are always the lile thingsthat can be done to help.

rough the practice of con-servation at home, uses of al-ternative transportation andenergy, and ‘greening’ of fuelguzzlers such as cars, the humanrace can begin its journey towardrestoring the natural world.

BY NIKOLAI GAENZLE

STAFF WRITER

With the California Stateelections just around the cornerin November, many hotly de-bated topics are going to be upfor review. One of the most no-table is e Adult Use of Mari- juana Act Initiative, a measurethat would legalize marijua-

na and hemp under state law. e initiative was also de-signed to establish state agen-cies to oversee the licensingand regulation of the marijuanaindustry. Moreover, it would en-act a sales tax of 15 percent anda cultivation tax of $9.25 perounce for owers and $2.75 perounce for leaves. Similar actshave been passed in Washingtonand Oregon that allow for thelegal use of non-medicinal mar-ijuana. Colorado is the state bestknown for legalizing recreation-al marijuana, and over $92 mil-

lion in marijuana sales occurred

there in February 2015 alone. Could pot become thecash crop of the future? While the CA Marijuanameasure is expected to pass inthe coming polls, there may be

unintended consequences. De-spite Colorado’s legalization ofmarijuana, crime rates throughthe state are on the rise; most ofwhich comes from gang violence. e state has seen an increase

in gang related crime ever sincethe legalization in 2014, mostof which has been centeredaround drug trade. According tothe ATF, this spike is a result oftransporting marijuana to oth-er states where it does not havelegal status. is is one compli-cation that California will haveto face if marijuana is legalized. Compounded with this, therehas also been an alarming in-crease in marijuana related hos-pital cases, especially with chil-dren and infants. Legalization

has increased its prevalence inColorado households and, whenirresponsible parents possessit, it is more likely to end up inthe hands of a child. Along withits availability, edible canna-bis comes in many kid friendlyforms such as Swedish sh, gum-my bears, chocolate bars, and jolly ranchers; these shapes anddesigns are tantalizing to kidswho are looking for somethingsweet to eat. Unfortunately, inthe world of cannabis, a child’sinquisitiveness can oen putthem into a dangerous situation.

All of these issues howev-

er, can not be solved cheaply.Gang violence, for example,will require hiring new policeocers, improving their equip-ment, and providing them withmore advanced training. Pottaxes will bring in millions instate revenue, but these expen-sive countermeasures couldquickly cut into that gain. Although most Americansagree with the legalization ofmedicinal marijuana, recre-ational use should and has beenbrought under heavier scrutiny.

While legalizing marijuanain California will most likelyhave enormous positive eco-nomic eects, the state and thepeople need to be able to copewith the other issues that comein tow. Police must learn to dealwith an almost certain increasein violence and drug smug-gling, while parents and userswill either learn to be more re-sponsible with the substance orface the medical consequences. is leaves us to think, isour society ready to han-dle legalized marijuana?

Marijuana Could be CA’s Cash Crop......but are we ready for the consequences?

1969 1993 2013

DATA

“Do you think the use of marijuana should be made legal, or not?”

12%

84%

39%

58%

NO

YES

YES

NO

Data via Gallup



SPORTSJune 3, 20164 ljhitide.com

BY NORA BECKER

NEWS EDITOR ELECT

Five members of the US Wom-

en’s National Soccer team have

led a wage-discriminationaction with the Equal Employ-

ment Opportunity Commissionagainst the US Soccer Federation. Hope Solo, Carli Lloyd, BeckySauerbrunn, Alex Morgan, andMegan Rapinoe say that thewomen’s national team is paida quarter of what the men’snational team earns (despite

the women generating $20million more in total revenuefor US Soccer than the men),therefore violating federal law.

e US Women’s Nation-

al Soccer team won the FIFAWomen’s World Cup in 2015.e nal game against Japan(nal score: 5-2) became themost watched soccer game onan English-language televisionstation in the US, ever. For theirwin, the team received a totalof $2 million. In 2014, the USmen’s team lost in the round of16, but still received $9 million. e World Cup bonuses for

rst, second, or third placealso vary greatly between theteams. For winning, wom-

en receive $75,000 each whileeach man receives $390,625. Both US national teams arerequired to play twenty exhi-bition (friendly) games eachyear. If the women’s team wonevery single game, they wouldearn $99,000. By contrast, if themen’s team lost every singlegame, they would earn $100,000.

Men are also paid even moremoney if they play in more thanthe twenty required games,

while the women are paid noth-

ing for extra games. Goalie HopeSolo said, “We are the best in theworld, have three World Cupchampionships, four Olympicchampionships, and the menget paid more to just show upthan we get paidto win majorchampionships.” Lawyer JereyKessler is repre-

senting the wom-

en’s team. Hehas worked withmultiple athletes

and their respective leagues,most recently on Tom Bradyand the Patriots’ Deategate. is isn’t the only case of in-

equity in the soccer world. eMen’s World Cup is alwaysplayed on grass elds, while thewomen play on articial turf. Eighty-one players from thir-teen countries sued FIFA in 2014for gender discrimination, underthe claim that playing on turfis more dangerous (the studiesconict). FIFA did not provideCanada, the home of the Wom-

en’s World Cup 2015, with thefunds to provide grass elds.

According to Sports Illus-

trated and players from Mex-

ico and France, FIFA threat-ened to not place players ingames if they did not removetheir names from the lawsuit. e case was dropped in ear-ly 2015, and the 2019 Women’sWorld Cup will be played inFrance, on natural grass. In lateMarch, Solo and Lloyd appearedon the Today Show to go pub-

lic with their complaints. Solosaid, “We continue to be told weshould be grateful just to have theopportunity to play professional

soccer, to get paid for doing it.”

Female SoccerPlayers Fight forEqual RightsFive players demand fair pay

SOCCERNEWS

BY MAIA PEARL

STAFF WRITER

On Monday, April 18th, aerbeing rained out and resched-

uled, the LJHS baseball teamplayed at Petco Park againstPoint Loma High School. eboys have had a 15-4 season re-

cord, while PL has had a 8-9 sea-

son record. As you can assume,they were expecting an easy win.

Although the beginning of thegame didn’t exactly go accordingto plan. Point Loma scored twice

in the rst inning and again inthe sixth. Meanwhile, La Jollaonly scored once in the third in-

ning. e score remained at 3-1until the seventh inning. e -

nal inning had the crowd on theedge of their seats.

e rst baer, Trenton Fudgestarted out the team with a singleup the middle, and Johnny Agb-

ulos followed his lead by hiinganother single past Point Lo-

ma’s center elder. is broughtFudge home and Agbulos made itsafely to third base. Point Lomathen exchanged their pitcher, hebalked and this brought Agbuloshome, tying up the game 3-3. e

next 2 baers got out. Ben Win-

tringer hit another single up themiddle and made it on base. Fol-lowing the trend, Garre Brownhit yet another single up themiddle. is led Wintringer tosecond and Brown on rst. PointLoma switched out their pitchera second time. Finally, Zach Se-

hgal hit a walk o single up the

middle which brought Wintring-

er home for the win.Garre Brown, the main

catcher, believes the team kepttheir energy up very high andstayed positive. He says the teamplayed a great defensive gameand at the end pulled through toachieve a legendary win.

LJ Baseball Takes PetcoLa Jolla pulls through a legendary win

NFL Draft 2016Gambling with players’ futures

BY SHAYNA KOBRINETZ

SPORTS EDITOR ELECT

e 2016 NFL Dra providedvarious takeaways for viewersand fans, proving that the NFL isno longer only about football.

e drama started minutesbefore the dra when a video offormer Ole Miss tackle LaremyTunsil using a gas mask bongwas posted on his social mediaaccounts before the dra began.Later, screenshots of what ap-

peared to be text messages withthe athletic sta at Ole Miss werealso posted on Tunsil’s accountsabout paying rent for Tunsil andhis mother, and he later admit-ted to taking money from an OleMiss coach.

Tunsil lost approximately $13million because of these socialmedia incidents, which werereportedly caused by a formernancial advisor to Tunsil. Hedropped from being a projectedtop 5 pick to being draed 13thin the rst round.

Jared Go, the junior quarter-

back out of Cal was the #1 pickin this years dra, and was se-

lected by the Los Angeles Rams,

who traded up for Go. iscaused the Rams to miss outon several opportunities in the

following rounds of the dra,including valuable players theycould’ve used in addition to theirnew quarterback.

Go, who, despite his 96 ca-

reer touchdowns, has also hadhis share of bad games, throw-

ing 30 interceptions, including13 last season, and his 81 sacksand 23 fumbles certainly don’tbrighten his resume. Go hasbeen criticized for his “babyhands,” but they certainly didn’thurt him during this year’s dra. Connor Cook, the standoutquarterback from Michigan Statewas projected to be a rst roundpick, but was not draed until

the start of the fourth round,which shocked most people inthe sports community. Howev-

er, despite his talent on the eld,Cook has become somewhatnotable for his apparent lack ofleadership skills, maturity andeven personality.

Aer interviews with Cook,several NFL coaches reported-

ly le his interviews feelingthat there was something o or

strange. Were the interviewerstoo focused on personality andnot on football? Possibly, con-

sidering that Cook is an excellentand very talented quarterback,but personality is also extremelyimportant, and crucial to the waya team operates. Teams need tobe particularly cautious in lightof the recent events surrounding Johnny Manziel, as an incidentsimilar to his, especially focusedon a quarterback can draw a lotof unneeded and unwanted at-tention to teams.

However, not everything in thedra was negative, as the TampaBay Buccaneers actually trad-

ed up for a kicker, making himthe second highest picked kick-

er since 2004. Roberto Aguayo,

Florida State’s former kicker isthe most accurate kicker ever incollege football. Not everyonewas pleased with this move, asan NFL GM said that this was“the dumbest pick in the historyof the dra.” However, formerFSU quarterback Jameis Winstontweeted to Aguayo saying, “Ber-

toooooooooo #NoleBucs.”e new NFL season begins on

September 8.

Photos via Wikicommons

Photos via Betsy Mueller



SPORTSJune 3, 2016 5

Spring Sports RecapVikings spring into action for the 2016 seasonBY JAMES IRWIN

NEWS EDITOR ELECT

We are in the midst of spring,

which means that spring sportsare here. Sports are a great wayto stay involved at school andbond with other athletes in-

volved. ere are a number ofsports going on right now, all ofwhich are exciting to watch.

Listing all that are currentlytaking place, there are Badmin-

ton, Baseball, Soball, Boys’Golf, Boys’ Tennis, Boys’/Girls’Lacrosse, Track and Field, Swim/Dive, Archery, and Boys’ Volley-

ball. e baseball team has hadan exciting year, having beat-en Point Loma in a comebackgame while playing at Petco

Park. e soball team has alsobeen crushing their competition,beating teams like Cathedral andMadison. Badminton has had lots of

earned a starting spot on varsity. e Swim team has been mak-

ing waves as well. is year, theywon the city conference, wres-

tling away the title away fromCathedral. Junior Dominick Wal-lace broke the record for the 100back, and a team of LJHS girlsbeat the 200 free relay record.

Track and Field, which recent-ly received several new coaches,has had many exemplary ath-

letes. e Roberson sisters, Sa-

tori, Sakura, and Sierra, all starson the team, show how friendlysibling competition can bringout the best in each other. Boys’ Volleyball has bestedseveral very high level teams,like the famous KamehamehaPrep School that comes everyyear from Hawaii.

is season has been great forthe Vikings, and as it continues,there will surely be many morevictories. Be sure to come outand support our Vikes!

stars this year, including JuniorAudrey Chan, who won 1st placein the women’s singles divisionat the recent Serra Varsity Tour-

nament.Archery has also shown

strong performances this year,for example placing highly in theCalifornia State Archery Cham-

pionship. Boys’ Lacrosse has had a greatyear, blowing teams like MiraMesa, Country Day, and Saintsout of the water. Girls’ Lacrossehas shown similar prowess, tak-

ing out teams like Bishops, SanDiego High, and Mission Bay. Boys’ Golf has been doing fan-

tastic, winning this year’s West-ern League championships withQesnell at the helm. e Dive team has seen un-

precedented growth this year,with several rookie players shin-

ing. Junior Abby Ward for exam-

ple, a rst time diver, has placedin all of her competitions and

BY KIERAN BAUMAN

SENIOR EDITOR

With the Center for DiseaseControl’s and WHO’s (WorldHealth Organization) recentstatements that ZIKA is a con-

siderable threat to pregnantwomen, multiple Olympic ath-

letes have considered (or goneforth) with dropping out of thegames. ZIKA is a virus that causes thefetus to develop microcephaly, adebilitating condition that limitsthe amount the skull can grow.is leads to babies with small,shrunken-like heads.

Brain damage can result fromthe now cramped cranial cavity-reduced intelligence and mentalretardation are extremely com-

mon in most cases. ere is nocure, and it is nearly impossibleto restore the cranium to it’s nor-

mal shape. ZIKA is especially dangerousfor pregnant women; transmit-ted by mosquitos, a woman withthe ZIKA virus in them is morelikely to have a baby with micro-

cephaly than one without. Yet,there’s even more risk.

Even a woman who isn’tpregnant, but is still bien by amosquito infected with ZIKA,can still have a baby with thelife-crippling conditions.

Recently, the CDC also clas-

sied ZIKA as an STD; a manbien by a mosquito with ZIKAcould pass on the virus to his o -spring.

ZIKA is hard to detect, as itproduces lile to no side eects.

ose infected will not reportany major symptoms, and willonly nd out of the virus in themwhen ultrasound images reveala fetus with developing micro-

cephaly. Olympic athletes, both menand women, are rapidly drop-

ping out of the 2016 Rio games. Alan Ashley, chief of sportperformance for the USA team,said, “Our main emphasis is tocommunicate and educateIn the end, it has got to be theathlete’s’ decision.” While somewomen feel the urge to representtheir country, many other youngwomen feel that they will wantto start a family later in life, andtherefore fear the security oftheir children’s health.

Adam Sco, an Australiangolfer ranked 7th in the PGArankings, told Sydney Morn-

ing Herald, “Clearly traditionalOlympic athletes are in a veryawkward situation.

ey’ve trained so hard for thisand it is everything that they’vedreamed of and for a health epi-demic to get in the way, I under-stand why they are still trying togo”. Sco has said he will notbe aending the games, sayingthat the WHO statement on the

disease has convinced him not toaend.

ere’s an overall fear amongstthe event that perhaps, aer thegames have ended, there will bea massive explosion of babiesborn with a condition that willeither cripple their lives, or endthem.

ZIKA vs. AthletesTough decisions ahead of Rio 2016

Photos via Betsy Mueller

Photo via Helen Lee

Congratulations

to the

Class of 2016!



NEWSJune 3, 20166 ljhitide.com

BY BROOKE KAUFMANA&E EDITOR ELECT

As the July Democratic and Re-publican National Conventionsdraw near, both parties’ candi-dates continue to bale each oth-er for delegatesand the popularvote. On April 19,primaries were held in the stateof New York. Aer a heavyamount of campaigning fromboth sides, Donald Trump andHillary Clinton managed to se-cure victories in their respective

parties. In the Republican race,Trump walked away with 60.4%of the popular vote and 89 dele-gates, leaving John Kasich in sec-ond with 25.1% and 4 delegates,and Ted Cruz in an unsurprisingthird with 14.5% and no dele-gates, aer his disastrous cam-paign eorts in the Empire State. On the Democratic side, Clin-ton managed to secure 58% ofthe vote and 139 delegates inher “adopted home state”, whileBernie Sanders nished not toofar behind with 42% and 108 del-egates.

Following the voting in New

York, primaries were held inConnecticut, Delaware, Mary-land, Pennsylvania, Rhode Is-land, Indiana, Nebraska, WestVirginia, and Oregon. On theGOP side, Donald Trump sweptall polling states, and brought histotal delegate count to 996, just241 shy of the 1,237 delegatesneeded for nomination. His com-petitors, Cruz and Kasich, werele far behind in both the dele-gate and popular vote contests. For the Democrats, HillaryClinton secured victories in fourstates, and brought her totaldelegate count to 2,293, leaving

her with 100 to go before shereaches the 2,383 needed forautomatic nomination. BernieSanders proved the race wasn’tquite over aer he pulled o wins in Rhode Island, Indiana,West Virginia, and Oregon, andsecured victories in both the del-egate and popular vote contests.Sanders managed to raise hisdelegate count to 1,533, howev-er, that number still leaves himwith a considerable amount ofcatching up to do. e two tiedin Kentucky. Most recently, the Indiana pri-

mary on May 3 greatly impacted

the presidential race. Aer yetanother victory by Trump, TedCruz announced his decision toocially suspend his campaign.Speaking to a crowd of support-ers in the Hoosier state, Cruzsaid, “I'm sorry to say it appearsthat path has been foreclosed.Together we le it all on the eldin Indiana…the voters choseanother path.” Ohio governor John Kasich also dropped outon May 4 aer only winning theOhio primary and amassing 160delegates. In his campaign sus-pension speech he said, “I haverenewed faith, deeper faith, that

the Lord will show me the wayforward, and fulll the purposeof my life.” On the Democratic side, BernieSanders managed to pull of a nar-row victory in Indiana, in boththe popular vote and delegatecount competitions. And whilethis win might serve as a mor-al boost for Sanders’ campaign,Clinton’s polling of around 45%of the vote means, because of theDemocrats’ proportional alloca-tion rules, Sanders and Clintonare likely to essentially split In-diana’s 92 delegates — meaning

the victory won’t help Sanders

Presidential Race Narrows; Tensions Rise

ELECTION2016

cut into Clinton’s big delegatelead. In other election news, Trumpsurprised many when, on April21, he criticized North Caroli-na’s recently passed HB2, whichamong other things, bars govern-ment from establishing or man-dating transgender bathroomaccommodation. At the Todayshow’s town hall that ursday,Trump said, “North Carolina didsomething that was very strong,and they’re paying a big price,and there’s a lot of problems.” Furthermore, aer recently fac-ing heavy setbacks in the election

process, specically in the race tosecure delegates, Bernie Sandershas begun taking extreme mea-sures in a last-ditch eort to savehis campaign. Aer being lebaered by four defeats in theApril 26 primaries, and narrowlypulling o a win in the Indianaprimary on May 3, Sanders hasannounced plans to lay o hun-dreds of campaign staers acrossthe country, and focus much ofhis remaining eort on winningthe June 7 California primary.Speaking for Sanders’ campaign,a representative had this to say,

”We no longer require many of

the loyal and dedicated state andnational support staers whohelped us in places like NewYork, Connecticut, Rhode Island,Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylva-nia and other states where thenominating contests have beencompleted.” e fact that Sandersis planning to dismiss large por-tions of his sta shows his owngrowing skepticism on whetheror not he might manage to winthe Democratic nomination atthe Convention in July. Overall, with the Californiaprimary date looming, cam-paigns in both parties are gear-

ing up for a major showdown inthe Golden State. Donald Trumphas already managed to stir upcontroversy, as was shown bythe hundreds of demonstratorswho descended on the CaliforniaRepublican National Conven-tion April 29 to protest Trumpahead of his speech. Protesters,some of whom wore bandanasover their faces and carried Mex-ican ags, were later slammedby the GOP frontrunner as be-ing “thugs and criminals.”

GRIEVANCES (cont.)

COMPUTER (cont.) “I’ll give you an example;currently, AP computer scienceonly has 33 students requestingthat course, so we wouldn’t of-fer 4 sections for 33 kids, thatwould only be one section…if nobody’s requesting thecourse then the teacher can’t bepaid to teach it. So if we have

6 sections, 5 sections, worthof students requesting thosecourses, then we will do every-thing we can to put a teacherin place that lls 5 sections.” Rumors of the pro-gram’s demise may haveimpacted enrollment. Mr. Volger said the LJHScomputer classes are im-portant because they expose

students to interests or ca-reer paths that they had per-haps never considered before. As the nationwide push forSTEM (Science, Technology,Engineering, and Mathemat-ics) edcuation grows, demandat most schools has grown.LJHS is currently expanding

it’s own STEM initiative withthe Bioscience Center of Excel-lence at La Jolla High, whichmay break ground this summer. “Everybody should have achance to just be exposed to[computer science],” Mr. Volg-er said, “and if you like it, youcan go on. If you know it’s notyour cup of tea you can go onin a dierent direction.”

the principal. Once the grievance reach-es the third level, the principalis no longer involved, and theparties now meet directly withan agent from the SDUSD La-bor Relations department. edistrict will make a decision or

work out a compromise. From there, if the teacher isstill not satised with the out-come of his/her grievance, thecomplaint will reach level four,whereby the district and theunion mutually agree on a statecontract mediator who will ar-bitrate a decision. is couldtake years, and if the conict isstill not resolved the teacher cango to California PERB (PublicEmployment Relations Board)or le a lawsuit. e large volume of grievanc-es against LJHS administrationsince Dr. Podhorsky becameprincipal - which some say in-

dicates a paern of disregard forthe contract between the SDEAand the SDUSD - have con-cerned some teachers at La JollaHigh.

A survey conducted amongteachers found that 50% ofschool sta disagreed with thestatement, “As a member of thefaculty and sta of La Jolla HighSchool, I feel safe,” which refer-enced both physical safety and job safety.

e survey, which was leakedto online district watchdogFrank Engle, proved to be verynegative in its views of LJHS’scurrent administration. 50% ofteachers also responded thatthey thought student safety hadfallen in the past year. Last year, sources told the Hi-Tide that Dr. Podhorsky triedto improperly excess three stamembers. “Excessing” is theprocess of reducing the numberof teachers at a school as a resultof smaller student enrollment inspecic classes or, overall, at theschool and very specic SDUSDpolicies exist to govern it.

e teachers involved weretold that they would be excessedfor the 2015-2016 school year(that is, they would no longer beteaching at LJHS), but all three

were technically ineligible tobe excessed because they hadseniority within their depart-ments and/or credentials toteach other subjects beyond theclass they normally taught. e teachers led grievances,and at a “level three” meeting,it was revealed that paperwork

had not even been led for twoof the three teachers. All threeeducators remain at LJHS andtaught classes this year. In other complaints againstadministration, teachers havedemanded that LJHS policybe followed in regards to theprocess for parent complaintsagainst teachers. According to the Student Is-sue Resolution Guide, parentsand students are to take upcomplaints with teachers beforemoving up the ladder (to a coun-selor or LJHS administration).is guide can be found on page13 of the student planner.

Regardless, when any com-plaint is received by the prin-cipal or district, the contractstipulates that teachers mustbe “promptly” notied of the

content and the identity of com-plainant. According to Section14.12.2 of the contract, teach-ers have a right to know whois making a complaint againstthem. Anonymous complaintsare generally not valid. Additionally, faculty under-going “discipline” by the ad-

ministration have a right toreview the statement placed intheir employment le and issuea wrien response (14.11.1 to14.11.4). Teachers interviewed by theHi-Tide expressed an overalldisappointment with what theyperceived as a lack of uniformpolicy, leadership, and enforce-ment of discipline on campus. In a June 2015 survey, 78% ofthe 59 teachers who participat-ed disagreed with the statement,“Sta is motivated and morale ishigh.” LJHS faculty loudly voicedtheir concerns in a heated meet-

ing to Area Superintendent Mit-zi Merino before the start of thisschool year, and teachers sayher involvement has helped im-prove campus conditions since

the survey was taken; anothersurvey for the 2015-2016 year iscurrently in the works. In May 2016, Merino andSuperintendent Cindy Martenwere contacted by several LJHSteachers to draw their aen-tion to alleged violations of theSDEA contract. A grievance,

along with other complaints,including Mrs. Zink’s, remainunresolved. In being asked to commenton these issues, Dr. Podhorskyreplied by e-mail to the Hi-Tide:“I will continue to seek feed-back for sta, students and par-ent groups to improve upon myown practice. I believe that isimportant for all of us to model.” While he wrote that he wasunable to comment on specicteacher grievances, Dr. Pod-horsky did say that he was “veryproud of the work we have donetogether at La Jolla High and at-tribute that success to our out-

standing teaching sta, rigorouscourse of study, amazingly hardworking students and our high-ly engaged community.”

The La Jolla High School Varsity Academic League students are the San Diego CountyChampions for the second year in a row. The final score was 105-112 against OlympianHigh School.Photo via Betsy Mueller



NEWSJune 3, 2016 7

BY JIMMY IRWIN

NEWS EDITOR ELECT

Bertand Piccard is on a mis-sion. He has set out to changehow the world views energy byying around the world in a com-pletely solar-powered airplane.He and the team responsible fordesigning and maintaining theplane want to set an example ofwhat is possible when using so-lar power.

e plane, called “Solar Im-

pulse 2,” is unique. Having awingspan bigger than that of aBoeing 747 but weighing only asmuch as a car, it can carry onlyone person at a time: the pilot.

Its wingspan is covered insolar panels to maximize theamount of energy it can har-ness. ough its mission startedfrom North Africa in 2015, it was

stalled due to problems with itsbaeries; it is now back and ful-ly functional aer nine monthsof repairs. It recently ew fromOahu, Hawaii to Mountain View,California. Naturally, most peo-ple think that such a ight wouldtake about ve hours. However,this plane took its sweet time. Where a normal passenger jettravels at 500-600 miles per houron average, the Solar Impulse 2has an average speed of 65, ac-cording to wired.com. Instead

of ve hours, it took Piccardtwo and a half days to make theight. is is because the plane isusing only the power of the sunto power its four propellers. Piccard and his co-pilot AndreBorschberg acknowledge thisproblem. However, in an inter-view with Wired, they point outone of the major advantages the

Solar-Powered PlaneFlies Around the World

NASA Blasting Off Into New

Territories

BY LUCY BARTON

STAFF WRITER

e future seems to have cometo life in the new “Car of Tomor-row” that BMW has designed,called the Vision Next 100. e new self-driving car, de-signed to celebrate BMW’s 100thanniversary, is built around acore that allows the driver tohave as much or as lile con-trol over the car as they desire.e car was displayed at a BMWevent in Munich, but for the timebeing the car “mostly does notexist,” according to WIRED. e

vehicle is still very much underdevelopment. e car includes a Siri-like ad-dition called “Companion” thatgives information to the passen-gers when the car when the caris essentially in autopilot, “let-ting them know what the car isabout to do before it does it.” ecar has two main driving modes,Boost and Ease. Boost meansthe car feeds information fromthe dashboard to the windshieldto provide information (such asspeed) and driving suggestionsto the driver to improve safetyand performance. On the oth-

BMW Reveals Futuristic Car“Vision Next 100” shows potential of automotive technology

BY ZOE MENDEL

OPINIONS EDITOR ELECT

e Supreme Court case Brownv. Board of Education declared in1954 that the concept of “sepa-

rate but equal” schools was un-constitutional. e case resultedin the federal order to desegre-gate all schools, combining boththe student body populationand funding for each districts’schools. In Cleveland, Bolivar County,Mississippi, the Illinois CentralRailroad runs through the schooldistrict, serving as a boundarybetween the poor and wealthy

sides of town. In other words, theblack and white sides of town.On the East side of the tracks, theschool systems are virtually allblack. Schools like Cypress ParkElementary, Nailor Elementary,

D.M. Smith Middle School, andEast Side High School accommo-date most of the students fromthe East side of the tracks, where67% of students are black. On theother hand, schools that have20% more white students are onthe other side, Parks Elementary,Margaret Green Junior High, andCleveland High School. is case has been in the courtsystem for more than 50 years.Bolivar County has had 131

Mississippi Schools Ordered to Desegregate

plane does have over most con-ventional aircra. Since it reliesonly on the power of the sun tooperate, it can hypotheticallystay in the air forever. Of course,the pilots must come down everyfew days to restock and get outof the Smart car-sized cabin, butthe point is obvious: solar/elec-tric power has great potential tochange aviation. Aer the pilots restock inCalifornia, they will keep y-ing across America. Aer that,

they’ll make a trans-Atlanticight to Europe, and eventuallyy to North Africa to completetheir journey. ey hope tomake a mark on the public mindabout what solar power can oerus. And they are doing it all ina space not much larger than abathroom stall.

claims led by parents, faithleaders, former teachers, andcoaches throughout 2012-2015.e rst led action occurred 11years aer the Brown v. Boarddecision. Holmes Adams, the Bo-

livar County aorney, has madeno comment, despite requestsfrom news networks like CNN.However, Vanita Gupta, the headof the Justice Department’s CivilRights branch states, “Delayingdesegregation obligations is bothunacceptable and unconstitu-tional.” e federal solution to thisproblem was to consolidate boththe middle and high schoolsin the 2016-2017 school year.

However, parents feared a lossof choice in which school theirchildren aend, therefore lim-iting choices of athletics, ex-tra-curriculars, and classes. edistrict came up with two pro-

posals. Plan A was to give everystudent a choice in which schoolthey aend on a rst-come,rst-served basis. Judge DebraBrown, who was ruling the case,condemned this method on thegrounds that freedom of choicehas been troublesome in thepast. Plan B was to combine allschools into one elementary, onemiddle, and one high school. eempty buildings would be usedfor local partnerships in science,

technology, math, and engineer-ing. Judge Brown declared thisunacceptable because combiningthe schools would take too long. Cleveland is not alone in termsof delaying desegregation; some

of the highest black studentconcentrations are in the south,including Mississippi, Louisi-ana, Georgia, South Carolina,Maryland, and Alabama. NewYork and California also have aprimarily white student body intheir public school systems. Inmany of these states, complaintsabout equality in the school sys-tems have been led.

er hand, Ease would mean thecar fully goes on autopilot anddrives itself, retracting the steer-ing wheel while the seats turnaround and allow passengers toface each other.

"It is a highly customized ve-hicle that is perfectly tailored tosuit the driver’s changing needs,"BMW said. "So our objectivewith the BMW Vision Next 100was to develop a future scenariothat people would engage with." BMW plans to display the Vi-sion Next 100 with a promotion-al tour in China, London, and theUSA.

borne-telescope called Strato-spheric Observatory for InfraredAstronomy (SOFIA) has detected

atomic oxygen in Mars’ atmo-sphere. SOFIA, a joint projectof NASA and the German Aero-space Center, ew above Earth’satmosphere and used a telescope100 inches in diameter to remote-ly observe wavelengths of Mars’

oxygen. In the1960s and 70s,NASA’s Vikingand Marinermissions mea-sured minuteamounts of oxy-gen on Mars.

But SOFIA’sdiscovery doesn’t necessarilymean humans can inhabit Marstoday. Atomic oxygen is a justone atom, while humans needO2, a two-atom molecule. Ifatomic oxygen reacts with O2,ozone is created, which pro-tects the planet from ultravioletradiation. Understanding theprecise levels of atomic oxygenand ozone in the Martian atmo-sphere is vital to determininghow friendly Mars would be tosubsurface-dwelling microbes,according to SOFIA’s director ofoutreach programs Dana Back-man.

BY NORA BECKER

NEWS EDITOR ELECT

NASA’s Kepler mission hasveried the existence of 1,284planets. Of these newly discov-ered planets, around 550 arerocky planets like Earth, andnine orbit in a “habitable zone”meaning the surface tempera-ture allows liquidwater. e additionof those nine makes21 potentially hab-itable planets.

Since 2009, theKepler telescopehas been monitor-ing thousands ofstars in the sky, tracking their

brightness. A drop in the level ofbrightness means that potentialplanets have crossed in front ofthe stars. Using this technique,Kepler found 4,302 possible plan-ets. To be ocially classied asa “validated planet,” the signalmust have at least a 99% proba-bility of planet-hood, determinedby statistical analysis and simu-lations. is leaves 1,327 poten-tial planets needing more exam-ination, and 707 as false signalsor other phenomena.May has been an eventful month

for new galactic information. A

modied Boeing 747-turned-air-

A photo of Mars taken by the Hubble SpaceTelescope in 2013Photo via NASA

May has been aneventful month fornew galacticinformation









PHOTOJOURNALISMJune 3, 2016

12

2

Photos 2, 6, 9, and 10 courtesy of Max Davey

Photos 3, 4, and 5 courtesy of Alexa Kideys

Photos 1, 7, and 8 courtesy of Parker Repp

1

3 4

5 6

9

8

10

Deception

7



CARTOONSJune 3, 2016 13

Courtesy of Tanner Ford

Courtesy of Rebecca Ryan

Courtesy of Tanner Ford





FEATURESJune 3, 2016 15

BY JULIA WALTON

FEATURES EDITOR ELECT

As daunting as French Toastmay sound, it’s a meal that truly

anybody can conquer. If you’renot much of a cook, or if you’vemade half the recipes out there,here are two ways to makeFrench Toast to cater to bothskill levels.

Ingredients:2 eggs1 teaspoon vanilla⅔ cup milk4 slices of bread

Instructions: First, turn your pan on so itcan heat up, then grab a shallowglass pan to make the baer in.

If you don’t have that, just

get a small bowl then a plate totransfer the contents to whenyou’re ready to dip the bread.

Next, start by cracking youreggs then adding the milk andvanilla into your bowl andwhisking.

Spread buer (or oil) on yourpan and dip the bread into thebaer and place on the heatedpan.

Flip the bread when it’s goldenbrown on the boom then do thesame to the opposite side. Trans-fer to your plate when it’s doneand use powdered sugar, maplesyrup, or whatever you desire totop it o and enjoy!

Ingredients:Baer:2 eggs1 tablespoon heavy cream½ teaspoon cinnamon

½ teaspoon nutmeg1 teaspoon vanilla2 tablespoons buerGlaze:4 ounces cream cheese, soened¼ cup granulated sugar¼ cup heavy cream½ teaspoon cinnamon½ teaspoon nutmeg1 teaspoon vanilla powdered sugar (optional) fordusting the tops of bread

Instructions: Cream all the ingredients to-gether for the glaze, in a mediummixing bowl.Set aside.

Heat a large skillet or fryingpan on medium to high heat.As it’s heating up, combine the

eggs, heavy cream, cinnamon,nutmeg, and vanilla in a mixingbowl with a whisk.

Dip the bread in and lay onthe pan, ipping when goldenbrown.

Spread a spoonful of creamcheese glaze onto each side ofthe hot french toast and top withpowdered sugar or any othertoppings you desire. Enjoy!

RECIPE OF THE MONTH

French ToastTwo recipes: one for the kitchen novice andone for the advanced chef

Before You Graduate...An LJHS senior’s bucket list

Photo via Ralph Daily

How to “Spring Clean” Right

BY JADE MOUJAES

STAFF WRITER

Spring cleaning is more than just cleaning out your room, itcan also apply to revitalizingyour entire life. It’s nice to startanew every once in awhile andnd new ways to reinvent yourlifestyle. Here are a few steps forcleaning out the old and invitingin the new. Although cleaning up your

room is not the only part ofspring cleaning, it sure is a goodplace to start. Rearrange your room to bestutilize the space. It may be hardto move your heavy dresser, butit will be worth it when you ndit gives you more space to walkaround. Add some mirrors in yourroom to give the illusion thatyour living space is bigger thanit is.

Next, empty out every bag youown. You will be surprised at theamount of money and miscella-neous trinkets that you’ll nd inthe random pockets in your bags.

Now that your room is spar-

kling clean, it is time to rev upyour social life. Go through allyour social media accounts andplease, for everyone’s benet,delete all your old statuses andover-edited seles from yourdark days. Cleaning out your online pro-les will beer guarantee thatfuture employers and potentialfriends will view you in the lightthat you want to be seen in. Write a resume; geing a

job over the summer is a smartmove because you will be ableto do more fun things during theupcoming school year. Just re-member how expensive Coach-ella tickets are. If you have a toxic friend whois manipulative or mean, get ridof them. It is of course easiersaid than done, but realizing thatyou’re only responsible for yourown happiness will make it easi-er to let go of people who do notcontribute to your positivity. Remember to have fun whilecleaning, bump some Beyonceand pretend the trash in yourroom is Jay-Z. Hope these tips

have helped. Happy cleaning!

1

BY SOPHIA DORFSMAN

SENIOR EDITOR

12

“Get a blue slip”

Paint thesenior benches

21 Day Trip to LA

2 Potato Chip Rock 13 Devil’s Punch Bowl

22 Go to at least onehomecoming & ASB Ball

3 Go to local concerts

14 Participate in SeniorPrank and ditch day

15 Gradnite

23 Torrey Pines Hike

4 Adobe Falls 16 Salvation Mountain

24 Day trip to Mexico

25 100 Steps Beach inLaguna

5 VG Donuts 17 Tacos el Gordo 26 Get food deliveredto school

6 Ask someone to adance

18 Go to the film festival 27 Go to Coachella

7 Kiss your best friend

8 Beach Camping

9 Road trip to Big Sur 19 Ice skating at theHotel Del Coronado

28 Julian Pie

10 Ride inBueno’scart

29 Prank a teacher

20 Go to the farmer’smarket

30 Put something on thefree speech board

11 Go to a drive-inmovie

*These suggestions do not represent the advice, views, or opinion of the Hi-Tide as a publication.

Photos courtesy of Sophia Dorfsman, Ryan Robson, Kieran Bauman, Jordan Bowman, Asha Alagiri, and Julia Walton



INTERNATIONALJune 3, 201616

ljhitide.com

BY ZOE MENDELOPINIONS EDITOR ELECT

Have you ever felt trapped inyour current living space? Wantto nd a new home that’s unique

and out of this world? e Eu-ropean Space Agency (ESA) has just the place. ey have recent-ly announced plans to set up apermanent human outpost onthe moon. e “village” is theresult of collaboration betweenspace-adventuring nations. Itwill serve as a research facility,business operation, mining area,and even include tourism. e moon village has beenplanned to be open for mem-bers of the ESA, as well as oth-er nations around the globe. Jo-hann-Dietrich Worner, directorof the ESA, conrmed the moonas the closest and most realistic

space for human life to succeed

on, and hinted that it may pavethe way for missions to Mars.Worner expressed his plans forthe village at the symposiumentitled “New Generation SpaceLeaders: e Future of Human

Spaceight,” describing themoon as being only the rst stepto human missions in space. He

also mentioned that Mars wasanything but an end goal, pro-claiming, “I am sure humans willgo further.” e term “moon village” was

devised to help beer explain the

outpost’s purpose to the public.Worner plans to bring a varietyof people from both public andprivate sectors to ensure diversi-ty in his village. e ESA has helped expand

interest in moon exploration,specically how lunar substanc-es can help sustain human life

on other planets, or even sim-ple surface-exploration activi-ty. Consequently, it has turnedspace exploration on to missionsto Mars, which have been pre-

dicted to begin in the 2030s.

BY KHALIL ELEYMANAGING EDITOR ELECT

On April 11th and 12th, twoRussian jets buzzed a US Navy

destroyer, the USS Donald Cookin the Baltic Sea. e Russian jets came within 30 of the shipduring their high-speed yovers.

Secretary of State John Kerrystated that these actions couldhave resulted in the Russianplanes being shot down. Manyapplauded the professionalismand restraint of the USS Donald

Cook’s captain for not shootingdown the Russian aircra, eventhough he was within his rightsto do so. is isn’t the only recent ep-

isode where Russian aircracame close to US military assets. On April 16th, a Russian in-terceptor ew within 50 feet ofan American reconnaissanceplane, which was also over theBaltic Sea. A Pentagon spokes-man stated, “ere have beenrepeated incidents over the pastyear where Russian aircra have

come close enough to other airand sea trac to raise serioussafety concerns.”

Some analysts view these ag-gressive actions as a means for

Russian president Vladimir Putinto create incidents to divert at-tention at home away from eco-nomic problems in Russia. Others believe Putin is alsousing these incidents to send themessage that if he acted militar-ily in Europe, the US would notbe able to stop Russia.

Russia Buzzes US ShipsUS/Moscow tensions grow as aggression escalates

I am sure humans willgo further.- Johann Worner, Director, ESA

Man on the Moon?European Space Agency plans to set up a permanent “village” onEarth’s moon

BY SAM KINSEYINTERNATIONAL ED. ELECT

An underground drug passagethat connects Mexico to the Unit-ed States has been discovered. It is believed to be one of thelargest drug tunnels, with alength of 800 yards. It originat-ed from a small home in Tijuanaand terminated at a warehousein Otay Mesa. e tunnel contained a sophis-ticated rail system as well as anelevator that could accommodate10 people at once.

is tunnel is the 13th sophis-

ticated passage that authoritieshave found since 2006, runningfrom Mexico to the United States.is tunnel was also found on a

street where 3 other drug tun-nels have been dug. Most of thepassages originate from a smallresidential neighborhood inMexico and lead to an industri-al park in Otay mesa, a mere 500yards from the border fence.

A search of the burrow found12 tons of marijuana and also

contained 2 tons of cocaine. 6people where arrested in con-nection to the tunnel. However itis unlikely that this will discour-

age future smuggling operations.e San Diego and Tijuana

area is very appealing to smug-glers due to the clay found in thedirt. e combination of clay anddirt makes passages easy to dig,and allows them to be dug quick-ly without heavy machinery. While authorities continue

to crack down on illicit bordertrade, new tunnels and othertransport appear all the time.

TJ/SD Drug Tunnel FoundAuthorities find link in marijuana and cocaine flow

Photo via Dept. of Justice

Photo via US Navy

ISIS (cont.)

-work in 2010. e organizationhad survived the US onslaught,and Baghdadi had large ambitions.

Baghdadi recruited soldiers fromSaddam Hussein’s ex-forces to es-tablish an organization in Syria. In 2014, Islamic State (formerlyand best known as ISIS) declareditself a caliphate, a declarationthat asserts control of all Muslimsworldwide. at declaration drew quickdenunciations from internationalMuslim leaders and peoples, whosay Islamic State does not repre-sent their faith. “A group simply announcing acaliphate, is not enough to estab-lish a caliphate,” Yusuf al-Qarad-awi wrote on the InternationalUnion of Muslim Scholars website.

Iyad Ameen Madani, SecretaryGeneral of the Organization ofIslamic Cooperation, said IslamicState has “nothing to do with Is-lam and its principles that call for justice, kindness, fairness, freedomof faith and coexistence.” A Pew Research poll from No-vember 2015 showed that nationswith large Muslim populationsoverwhelmingly oppose IslamicState.

Resources

In June 2014, Islamic State seized

control of the city of Mosul in Iraqand began an immediate crack-down on non-followers in the re-

gion. ey oered Christians a fewoptions: “convert to Islam, pay ane, or face ‘death by the sword.’” From Mosul, the terrorists rapid-ly expanded their reach - and theirhard-line rule. As of 2014, eight million peoplelived in Islamic State-controlledterritories, though US ocials saythose gures have now droppedsignicantly since a global coali-tion went on the oensive. On May 18, Col. Steve Warrenannounced that Islamic State hadlost 45% of the territory it oncecontrolled in Iraq and Syria. In order to maintain its control

of these territories and aractmore converts, Islamic State re-quires a steady ow of capital. e group raises billions of dol-lars in annual revenue from itsoil operations, its control of localrevenues such as taxes, as well aslooting and extortion. Residents in IS-controlled ar-eas are charged income, business,and sales taxes, and local guardsfrequently extort additional feesor bribes for their parent organi-zation. Islamic State’s oil businessmakes $1-2 million each day. Ac-

LIFE IN MOSUL

“I am a woman.”Women are required to be escorted by a man, and must cov-

er their entire body. Rape is common, and some women aresold into the sex trade.

“I want to leave the city.”In order to leave, citizens must pay a large fee and providemuch of their family and property as collateral. Failure toreturn within three days results in the seizure of the assetsand murdering of the family.

“I am a religious minority.”ose who do not convert have been expelled from Mosulor have been wiped out. Any that remain face a high tax ordeath. Many key historical and cultural sites for these reli-gions have been looted and or bombed by IS.

An Australian soldier observes training of an Iraqi Brigadeto fight Islamic State last July.Photo via U.S. Army



INTERNATIONALJune 3, 2016 17

BY ANDREA ALBANEZSENIOR EDITOR

e Petrobras scandal, whichcame to light earlier this yeararound the cartel of oil compa-nies and government ocialswho secretly money laundered$200 million dollars, has frozenBrazilian politics with citizens

going up in protest and outragefor the wide scale corruption. Petrobras Brasilerio is one ofthe biggest oil giants in LatinAmerica, with 51% of the compa-ny being controlled by the stategovernment. When the compa-ny found pre-salt oilelds, oilreserves below the ocean oor,in 2007, the company catapultedinto becoming the sole operatorfor all pre-salt mining, formingone of the biggest corporate cap-ital expenditure programs in theworld. e scandal broke back inMarch 2015 when AlbertoYoussef told lawyers of a brib-

ery scheme involving the state-owned oil company Petrobras.Starting in 2004, according toe New York Times, “a smallnumber of top Petrobras o-cials colluded with a cartel of

companies to overcharge the oilcompany for construction andservice work. e cartel woulddecide which of its member com-panies would win a contract to,for instance, service an oil rigor build part of a renery. isfake competition was overseenby Petrobras confederates, whowere rewarded with bribes.”

When Youssef wrote downthe members involved with thescandal, including former Brazil-ian President during the time ofthe scandal Luiz Inácio “Lula” deSilva, current Brazilian PresidentDilma Rousse, 303 Congressmembers, 49 Senate members,and other shareholders involvedin the company, lawyer AdrianoBretas told e New York Times,“It was kind of like, in Brazil, weknow that corruption is a mon-ster. But we never really see themonster. is was like seeing themonster.”

From this scandal, protestshave increased in Brazil, want-

ing Rousse to be impeached.e lower house of Congressheld a vote to impeach the cur-rent President from the Worker’sParty on April 17th, which willcause her to step out of oce for

180 days and have Vice PresidentMichel Temer take her place.Even though Rousse is not un-der investigation for the scandal,she was chairman of Petrobrasfrom 2003 to 2010, when muchof the alleged corruption tookplace. For former President, LuizInácio “Lula” de Silva, chargeshave been led against him for

money laundering, infuriat-ing citizens because of moneylaundry crimes he is accused ofwhile in oce, which was duringone of Brazil’s worst economicslumps.

“On March 13, at least a mil-lion people took part in nation-wide protests against the gov-ernment,” according to TIME .

With the scandal surroundingboth Lula and Rousse as pres-idents and candidates from theWorkers Party, “it could meanthe end of 14 years of PT controlof the presidency” according toFortune Insiders. Brazil, which hosted the FIFA

World Cup last year and is nowslated to host the Olympics, hashad diculties overcoming se-vere economic and political dif -culties.

Petrobras CorruptionRoils Brazilian PoliticsOil giant colluded with cartel; politicians

Former President George W. Bush and Luís Inácio Lula da Silva in 2007Photo via Agência Brasil

Google vs. EUEuropean Commission brings antitrust charges; says Google unfairlystifles competition by leveraging its Android OS

BY MINGZE YUSTAFF WRITER

On Wednesday, April 20th, eEuropean Commission issuedformal antitrust charges againstGoogle over claims that it abus-es the dominant position of itsAndroid operating system. Goo-gle is accused of placing onerousrequirements on rms using An-droid and stiing competition. “A competitive mobile Internetsector is increasingly importantfor consumers and businesses inEurope.” EU antitrust commis-sioner Margrethe Vestager saidat press conference in Brusselson Wednesday. “Based on our investigationthus far, we believe that Google’s

behavior denies consumers a

wider choice of mobile apps andservices and stands in the wayof innovation by other players,

in breach of EU antitrust rules.

ese rules apply to all compa-nies active in Europe.” According to the EuropeanCommission, Google has abouta 90% share in the markets forgeneral Internet search services,licensable smart mobile operat-ing systems and app stores for

the Android mobile operating

system, making it dominant.Ms. Vestager said the issue

was particularly important be-

cause smartphones and tabletsaccounted for most global Inter-net trac, and were expected toaccount for even more in the fu-ture. Google has been given twelveweeks to respond, and, if foundguilty, the company faces a neand could be required to changeits practices. Kent Walker, Google’s seniorvice president and general coun-sel, said: “Android has helpedfoster a remarkable and, impor-tantly, sustainable ecosystem,based on open-source sowareand open innovation. We lookforward to working with the Eu-

ropean Commission.”

We believe that Goo-gle’s behavior deniesconsumers...a widerchoice in mobile...

- Margrethe Vestager

cording to an in-depth report fromthe Wall Street Journal, the groupcontrols about $289 million in totalnatural resources. While Islamic State’s oil con-troller Abu Saya was killed in a2015 US air strike, key parts of thegroup’s oil infrastructure have re-manned intact. Islamic State sellsthe oil it seizes at levels far be-neath global prices. In addition to these revenuestreams, the group also loots an-tiquities and steals cash in bankraids and smuggles the prots

through an international network. David Cohen, the Treasury De-partment’s Undersecretary forTerrorism and Financial Intelli-gence, described Islamic State as“the best-funded terrorist organi-zation [the US] has ever confront-ed.”

Global Terror

August 19, 2014 marked a turn-ing point for Islamic State. According to Marshall Sella’sMaer article, that’s the day whenISIS went viral; the day when avideo appeared on YouTube withthe title “A Message to America.” It showed American journal-ist James Foley, held captive by aman dressed in black, with a smallblade against his neck. Aer Foleyrales o a scripted propagandamessage, his captor begins to sawacross his neck. And the video cutsto black. As Sella notes, the video is a so-phisticated production - a sharpdeparture from the rudimentaryclips released by Al-Qaeda andother terrorist groups. e video’s use of multiple cam-eras, animation, and swi use ofsocial media to spread the videounderscore how capable Islam-ic State has become of producingpowerful propaganda. Since the beheading video (andits sequels) was released, IS hasutilized the internet to quickly andcheaply spread its ideology aroundthe world. e group’s propaganda wingtargets vulnerable youth on so-cial media such as Twier in theirnative language and encouragesthem to get in contact with recruit-ers. ree Colorado high schoolerstried to join IS, and dozens of otherWestern teens - mostly girls - havetried to join or successfully joinedsince.

State Department spokeswoman Jen Psaki said Islamic State sendsaround 90,000 Tweets every day,which oen contain messages,videos, and images that glorify lifein Syria as an IS ghter.

The Free World

In the deluge of jihadist mes-saging, what role should Westerngovernments play in thwarting theinuence of radical propagandathat could, at worst, spring home-grown terrorist aacks? Aacks in Paris, Brussels, andelsewhere by Islamic State or in-spired by their ideology have setglobal leaders on edge. Islamic State’s eectiveness atradicalizing citizens has forcedgovernments to make dicultdecisions in politics, immigra-tion, and personal freedoms. Na-tional security initiatives must beweighed against the impact to thevery civil liberties those initiativesexist to protect. In the wake of the Paris bomb-ings and shootings, France de-clared a state of emergency thatbroadly expanded police powerto censor demonstrations, cen-sor websites, suspend the rightto a trial, and permit warrantlesssearches. More broadly, encrypted com-munications - used to protect per-sonal data, corporate information- are being aacked for their dualuse by terrorists to hide their on-line messages from law enforce-ment. Donald Trump has said hewould be open to “close up the In-ternet in some way” if it preventedany Islamic State propaganda fromreaching Americans, creating a do-mestic censorship system not un-like China’s. Others have proposedseing up sprawling counter-pro-paganda departments; SenatorCory Booker famously said, “Lookat [Islamic State’s] fancy memescompared to what we’re not do-ing.” Islamic State’s rapid rise has leaging democracies scrambling tomodernize, and has forced themto quickly calibrate a dicult bal-ance; one between the acceptableprotection of their citizens and theacceptable protection of their citi-zens’ rights. Despite the fact that IslamicState is losing territory, analystssay, it has not given up its on itsquest for terror.

Secretary of State John Kerry and the anti-IS coalitionmembers meet at NATO Headquarters in Belgium

A “Pray for Paris” vigil is held in Hong Kong. Islamic Stateclaimed responsibility for the 2015 terror attacks.Photo via Bensun Ho



EXCURSIONSJune 3, 201618 ljhitide.com

“When I Was in Africa...”by Robert J. Boyd

It seemed an innocent enoughgesture: an adolescent schoolboykindly handing me the book thathe was reading so that I couldtake a closer look at it as I satthere at the desk beside him. Wewere in a school for orphans onthe island of Zanzibar, ve teach-ers from San Diego on a month

long trip to Africa to soak up itsculture and then bring that cul-ture back to our students backhome. As I looked over the bookand the leering which I couldnot understand but found sobeautiful, the boy smiled at meand nodded, signaling in someway that he and I had made acultural connection of some sort,that he and I had begun to bridgethe gap between us to create thebeginnings of a friendship. And then that gap closed. “You!” yelled the teacher fromacross the room, his right in-dex nger pointed so obviouslyat me and not at a misbehaving

student. And, then, a delicateand thundering silence from ev-eryone, as the other Americanteachers turned to look at me,each of their faces plastered withan expression that said, “Oh,shoot, what have you done now,Robert?” Yes, I was a bit of a “rebel”while we were all in Africa, awild man willing to put himselfat risk to experience as fully aspossible the depth of all the dif-ferent cultures that we encoun-tered as much as I could. Ugan-dan, Indian, Tanzanian… youname it, I was up for it; other-wise, why come at all? But here,

in the third of so many schoolsfor orphans that we would vis-it during the course of thatlife-changing month, I honest-ly had no clue why the teacherwas singling me out so angrily infront of some y students. Andthen he let everyone know why. “Give that book back to him.You are not clean enough to betouching the Koran.” Ouch. He did not explain further, andI did not push the issue. I simplygave the book back to the nowsheepish boy and apologized tothe teacher for my transgression,who forgave me and said some-

thing like, “It is okay. You are avisitor here and did not know.” And, honestly, there was somuch that I would nd that I didnot know. Beyond the so many beau-tiful things that I encounteredwhile I was there in April of2006 -- things like nature so

overgrown and so vibrant in itssplendor that it seemed almostprimordial, like people so giv-ing of themselves and so full oflife when they themselves seem-ingly had so lile to actuallygive and to be happy about -- Ialso encountered so many otherthings, frightening things, thingsthat le an indelible mark on mywoefully ignorant soul. As someone in Tanzania put it:“Welcome to Africa.” In contrast to this strict but inthe end forgiving teacher, therewere the many school girls onZanzibar, which at the time wasabout 97% Muslim, who cheer-

fully escorted me through theirdierent schools and helped meto appreciate a dierent part oftheir culture. ese girls excited-ly showed me their school yardfarms that helped to sustain theircommunities, their well-stockedlibraries (one that had even beendedicated by First Lady LauraBush), and their thriving, if rudi-mentary, science and computerclassrooms. ey also showedme that my perceived uniformi-ty of the black burkas worn bythese cheerful girls was actuallya lie of my heretofore unobserv-ant eye, because beneath theirburkas each girl wore another

outt, one that was only slight-ly visible and oen colorful andexpressive of another side oftheir personality, one reserved,though, for others in their lives. We saw many such schoolyard farm programs through-out Africa, programs whereschools (always for the poor)focused on the more immedi-ate needs of life; i.e., learning atrade that could be turned into alife-sustaining, family-support-ing career. So where students atLJHS might learn abstract math,symbolism, and music theory,their African counterparts werelearning farming, brick-making,

cooking, sewing, or some othertrade that could be put to im-mediate use aer graduation. Itwas only in the private schools,the exclusive schools reservedfor those who could actuallypay for an education (usual-ly white and Indian Africans),that we saw more theoretical is-

sues being taught. Where theseprivate schools had clean andfunctional restrooms, runningwater, all the supplies that theymight ever need, and sometimeseven swimming pools, the poor-er schools (i.e., the governmentschools) oen did not have sup-plies or even running water. erestroom in most of these gov-ernment schools was oen twosimple holes in the ground: onefor boys, one for girls. Sadly, much of this made per-fect sense to me: it was the sameseparation of culture and wealththat we see here in the Unit-ed States but on a much larger

scale and with the reality of dis-ease and war thrown in to makethings even more dire. Aer all,we visited too many schools inmy American mind where everysingle one the 1,500 students wasan orphan of either AIDS, war,or both. It was at these kinds ofschools where we saw the grit-tier side of African life and cul-ture. It was at such a school thatI was seriously asked by a groupof male students if I ever beatmy (ex) wife to show her that Iloved her. is question shockedMargot, the female teacher whowas there with me at this schoolto address these boys’ questions,

but it explained so clearly to methe many posters and billboardsthat I had seen almost every-where about domestic violence.And the next school we visitedexplained to me the many moreposters and billboards that wesaw regarding AIDS. It was actually more of a half-way house where students fromsix months to their early teenslived in safety. All of them hadbeen removed from their homesbecause they had been sexuallyabused, most by someone withAIDS who desperately wantedto believe an urban legend thatstated that if a person with AIDS

had sex with a virgin that theirAIDS would be cured, would goaway. I spent over thirty minutesplaying with the house’s young-est child, a six-month old whohad endured such suering atthe hands of a man with a deathsentence that he hoped to ridhimself of. I think I was drawn

to play with her because I hadle my own year-old daughterat home to go on this trip andcould not fathom the depravityof heart, or maybe simply of des-peration, that would bring some-one to cross the line from tender-ness to… well, in my mind, evil. By the end of the trip, we wereall so very drained and ready togo home. Perhaps wrongly, per-haps because we were Ameri-cans playing for a month at beingAfrican, there was a sadness inus about what we were leavingbehind. Aer all, experiencing,even briey, so many lives livedon the edge of existence was dif-

cult to accept, to get our mindsaround. Beyond the sad realitiesthat all of us had experienced asbeing a very real part of so manyAfrican lives – everything fromstinging poverty, abject hungerand the violence of war, to theinjustice of jailed, malnourishedchildren, dangerous weather,and racism (both so, open, and,soon aer we le, violent) – Ialso lived through being robbedat gunpoint by African soldierson Easter Sunday; almost beingelectrocuted when our van wastrapped in a ash ood that toredown electrical poles and theirlive wires; staring numbly at a

river where thousands of deadbodies were thrown aer be-ing killed during the Rwandangenocide; wandering into a herdof wild zebras without realizinghow close they were to possiblykilling me; and being hosted bya gay Indian couple whose rela-tionship, if made public, wouldhave goen them killed. But for every bad thing we ex-perienced, there were so manymore good things: playing crick-et in a park with a group of Indi-an families; visiting a farm spe-cically created to help childrenwith special needs; watchingsherman haul in their catch on

the Indian Ocean; standing onthe spot where some of Gand-hi’s ashes were spread into theNile River; watching the trial ofa man charged with war crimesfor his role in the RwandanGenocide; seeing so many ofthe wonderful projects fundedby Rotary groups from both San

Diego and throughout the world;and, of course, the almost dailyparties we were invited to byevery group we came in contactwith, with the culturally oddestof these being the night I was in-vited by one of our Indian hoststo go to an Indian night clubwith him. Long story short: I didnot expect everyone in the clubto be male. Whether it was wisdom orhappenstance, we had beenscheduled to go on a two-day sa-fari at the end of our month longvisit. Two days on the plains ofthe Masai Mara, watching pred-ator and prey in their natural,

deadly seing, strangely helpedto li the darkness of some ofthe days that had come beforeand had us leaving Africa with asense of wonderment and joy. Itwas a joy that I feel to this dayand that I try to share with asmany of my students as I possi-bly can. So, if you ever hear me say,“When I was in Africa…” Well,it’s because I think we shouldall go to Africa some day. And ifnot Africa, to Japan, to Colom-bia, to the Philippines, to NewZealand… Somewhere… Any-where… Because on all of thedierent journeys that I have

been lucky enough to be a part ofas both a teacher (Africa, Japan,Pearl Harbor) or simply as a manwith a passport, I have learnedone very important thing andhave had it re-emphasized in ev-ery new place that I go to: thatis, that travel expands us in waysthat we are never prepared forand also helps to close culturalgaps that in some ways mightseem impossible to ever seal.Travel and becoming, howeverbriey, a part of another cultureseems to me an absolute good. So, travel when you can. I’dlove to hear you start a sentencewith, “When I was in…”



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June 3, 2016

20 Documentaries to Watch Before You’re 20I know it probably sounds boring, but most of these documentaries are actually quite interesting. Try watching a couple.

BY NESSIE NAVARRO

SENIOR EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

The Song Remainsthe Same

1 A Hard Day’s Night

2George Harrison:Living in theMaterial World

3 1991: The Year PunkBroke

4 Don’t Look Back

5 6

Fahrenheit 9/11

7 Food, Inc.

8 Dave Chappelle’sBlock Party

9 The Wolfpack

10

An InconvenientTruth

Searching for Sugar Man

11

20 Feet From Stardom

12

Beware of Mr. Baker

13

Best of Enemies

14

The Devil and DanielJohnson

15 Finding Vivian Maier

16 Gimme Shelter

17 Sherpa

18 Cartel Land

19 20Ziggy Stardustand the Spidersfrom Mars

PAID ADVERTISEMENT



Documents

Hi-Tide Issue 8, June 2016