Microsoft Word - 20120312_HFSS13_2part , , , . HFSS EFIE. , HFSS, , , , . , , . , . .
, , , . . , . , : , , .. .
, , , , , . , , . .
, , , , .
(RCS of an Ogive)
90   
. 7.1.
1.18 . , θ , . XOY. θ = 90o, φ 0 180o 2o.
, , . , IWavePhi, 0 180º. , , , 90º.
HFSS . . XOY , . . X, 3-D . Draw-> Create Equation Curve. . 7.2, , _t.
91   
. 7.2.

αα cossin 5
= xFy ,
x, y, z (inches), α - ,
06.22=α
, . 1. Draw>Equation Based Curve. Equation Based Curve (. 7.3).
_t , : x = _t. y :
3948.0cos1
t
y
. , (x y) (1in). , Equation Based Curve, (. 7.3):
92   
. 7.3.
OK, . History Lines Equation Curve1
CreateEquationCurve. Properties. (. 7.4), .
HFSS-IE . , . Number of Segments.
93   
. 7.4.
2. EquationCurve1 Draw>Sweep >Around Axis. Sweep Around Axis (. 7.5). 3. Sweep Around Axis X, Angle of sweep = 360, Number of segments = 24. OK.
. 7.5.
, , .
(. 7.6) .
. 7.6.
94   
4. Ogive Properties copper Material Edit... (. 7.7). .
. 7.7.
5. «aluminum» OK. . , . . . RCS x-y. .. , xoy (. 7.6).
RCS, . , 3°. : 1. Assign Excitation>Incident Wave>Plane Incident Wave . Incident Wave Source: General Data (. 7.8). 2. Spherical (0,0,0).
95   
. 7.8.
3. Next Spherical Vector Setup (. 7.9) Iwave Phi: Start = 0, Stop =180 Step = 3. 4 . IWave Theta Start = 90, Stop = 90 Step = 0. 5. Eo Vector Phi =1 E Theta = 0.
. 7.9.
6. Next Finish. . (Incident Plane) Excitations . , «» . . (Incident Plane) Excitations . ,
96   
«» , . θ=90° = 0 … 180° 61 . , , (monostatic RCS). , : 1. Analysis IEDesign Add Solution Setup, Solution Setup (. 7.10). 2. General Frequency = 1.18 GHZ. .
. 7.10.
3. Options - lambda refinement = 0.25 (=λ0/4). . : 1. Setup Analyze. 2. . .
. (. 7.11):
1. Fields>J>Mag_J. Create Field Plot.
97   
. 7.11.
2. Done. , .
RCS. RCS, - , HFSS. φ = 0 ° θ = 90°. RCS phi. (. 7.12).
. 7.12. Phi
98   
RCS phi : 1. Radiation Insert Far Field Setup>Infinite Sphere... Far Field Radiation Sphere Setup. 2. Start Stop Phi 0, 10º (. 7.13). 3. Start Stop Theta = 90º Step size =10º.
3. OK. InfiniteSphere1 Radiation .
. 7.13. .
φ Θ 5. , Results Create Far Fields Report>Rectangular. , , . , HFSS-IE.
99   
HFSS , . HFSS, Tune.
, Microwave Office [6]. Synthesis Filter , , , . , : , .. MWO . , , . HFSS. (. 8.1) 1 . , . 50 .
. 8.1. HFSS-13
100   
, . : , . , , . (. 8.2).
. 8.2.
101   
HFSS, . Driven Terminal , . . File>New New. Project, Insert HFSS Design Design. , HFSS>Solution Type. Solution Type (. 8.3), Driven Terminal.
. 8.3.
Driven Terminal S , (multi-conductor transmission line ports). S- , . , , EM – (, ..), . . . : 1. Modeler>Units. Set Model Units (. 8.4). 2. : in (inches). 3. OK.
102   
. 8.4. - (34.5 )
, .. (. 8.5). : 1. Draw>Box. 2. , X: -1.0, Y: -1.7, Z: -0.3125, Enter.
. 8.5.
. 8.6. (in)
3 . , dX: 2.0, dY: 3.4, dZ: 0.0, Enter. 4. , dX: 0.0, Y: 0.0, Z: 0.625, Enter. , . 8.6. . :
103   
1. Modeler>Grid Plane>YZ, , . 2. Draw>Cylinder. 3. , X: 1.0, Y: -0.9, Z: 0.0, Enter.
. 8.7. HFSS
4 . , (. 8.7) dX: 0.0, dY: 0.14, dZ: 0.0 Enter.
. 8.8.
5 . , dX: 0.75, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0 Enter. feed1 (. 8.9). OK.
. 8.9.
. : 1. Draw>Cylinder.
104   
2. , X: 1.0, Y: -0.9, Z: 0.0 Enter. 3. , dX: 0.0, dY: 0.06, dZ: 0.0 Enter. 4. , dX: 0.75, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0, Enter. (. 8.10) feedpin1 PEC.
. 8.10. . (): 1. Draw>Cylinder. 2. , X: 1.0, Y: -0.9, Z: 0.0, Enter. 3 . , dX: 0.0, dY: 0.06, dZ: 0.0, Enter. 4. , dX: -0.15, dY: 0.0, dZ: 0.0, Enter. feedprobe1.
105   

. (. 8.12) , . l1: 1. Draw>Box. 2. , X: 0.85, Y: -0.9625, Z: -0.03, Enter. 3 . , dX: -1.7, dY: 0.125, dZ: 0.06, Enter.
. 8.12. l2 (. 8.13): 1. Draw>Box. 2. , X: -1.0, Y: -0.75, Z: -0.03, Enter.
106   
3. dX: 1.818, dY: 0.125, dZ: 0.06, Enter.
. 8.13. l3 (. 8.14): 1. Draw>Box. 2. , : X: 1.0, Y: -0.48, Z: -0.03, Enter. 3. , X: dX: -1.818, dY: 0.125, dZ: 0.06, Enter.
. 8.14.
l4 (. 8.15): 1. Draw>Box. 2. , :
107   
X: -1.0, Y: -0.2, Z: -0.03 Enter. 3. , : dX: 1.818, dY: 0.125, dZ: 0.06, Enter. l4 Properties OK.
. 8.15.
. 8.16.

(. 8.16), : 1. Edit>Select>Faces ( F). 2. X=1.75in. : 1. HFSS>Excitations>Assign>Wave Port. Reference Conductors for Terminals (. 8.17). 2. p1. 3. Use port object name. 4. Use as Reference (. 8.17) .
108   
. 8.18.
5. OK. Excitations p1. Terminal . c (. 8.18). , . : 1. “O”. Edit>Select>By Name Select Object (. 8.19). 2. : feed1, feedpin1, feedprobe1, l1, l2, l3, l4, Ctrl + Left.
109   
. 8.19. . 8.20.
3. OK. , 180º Edit>Duplicate>Around Axis, . 8.20 :
Axis: Z Angle: 180 Total Number: 2
OK.
. 8.21. , , . 8.21.
. , , HFSS>Boundary Display (Solver View). Solver View of Boundaries
110   
(. 8.22). Visibility , . : - background (Perfect Conductor) outer (. 8.22).
. 8.22.
- , Perfect Conductors smetal. View>Visibility, - . . , View->Active View Visibility (. 8.23).
. 8.23. ,
. HFSS->Validate Check, .
111   
, . . HFSS>Analysis Setup>Add Solution Setup. Solution Setups (. 8.24). General , . 8.24.
. 8.24.
. 8.25.
HFSS>Analysis Setup>Add Sweep. Edit Sweep, , . 8.25. . , HFSS>Analyze. Solution Data: 1. HFSS>Results>Solution Data. Solution Data. 2. Profile, . 3. Convergence, . (Table Table), (Plot). 4. Matrix Data . , Matrix Data , Setup1 Last Adaptive.
112   
5. Mesh Statistics, .
1.5 0.6 2.4 . Fast , . . S- : 1. HFSS>Results>Create Terminal Solution DataReport> Rectangular Plot. Reports. 2. :
Solution: Setup1: Sweep1 Domain: Sweep Quantity: St(feed1_T1,feed1T1); St(feed1_T1,feed1T2) Function: dB
3. New Report. 4. Close.
. 8.27. St(feed1_T2,feed1_T1) dB, Add Trace Done.
113   
. 8.28.
. : 1. Y-axis. Y-. 2. Scaling, :
Autoscale: Min: -1.0 Max: 0.0
3. OK. . . , . Terminate Port. : 1. HFSS>Fields>Edit Sources. Edit Sources, . :
Select source: p2:T1 Terminated: Checked Resistance: 50 Reactance: 0
4. OK.
114   
. 8.29. , . XoY, Global XY Plane. 1. Model Tree, Planes. 2. Global: XY. 3. HFSS>Fields>Fields>E>Mag_E. Create Field Plot, :
Solution: Setup1 : LastAdaptive, Quantity: Mag_E, In Volume: All.
4. Done. , , HFSS>Fields>Modify Plot Attributes. Select Plot Folder. E Field, E-Field1
Scale. Use Limits, :
Min: 5, Max: 1500, Scale: Log.
Close. (. 8.30), .
115   
. 8.30. , . , , .
, Ansoft, (Workbench Project Schematic) . Ansoft , , : Rmxprt 14.0, Designer 6.1, Simplorer 9.0. Ansoft, HFSS 13.0, Maxwell 14.0 Q3D Extractor . ANSYS DesignXplorer (. 10.31), Workbench.
. 8.31.
Ansoft Workbench , .. , HFSS v.13 – . .
116   

, . , , , . , , .
, . SAR (Specific Absorbtion Ratio). , . , .
, - , , .
HFSS, .
. .
, , . : , . , .
. HFSS . , . HFSS.
Edit-> View Edit Material . 9.1,
: 1. Thermal Modifier View/Edit Modifier for. 
117   
. 9.1.
Properties of the Material Thermal Modifier.
2. Edit... , None. Edit Thermal Modifier.
3. Expression, Parameters Modifier Quadratic, Basic Coefficient Set Advanced Coefficient Set.
Expression, Parameters Modifier.
Use temperature dependent data set Modifier text field. Add/Import Dataset.
Quadratic, Basic Coefficient, TempRef , C1 C2 :
P(Temp) = Pref[1+ C1(Temp - TempRef) + C2(Temp - TempRef)^2],
Pref (). P-.
118   
• Quadratic, Advanced Coefficient Set (. 9.2), (TL TU ).
. 9.2.
, . Auto Calculate TML, TMU¸ (TML) (TMU).
. :
1. HFSS HFSS-IE>Set Object Temperature, Temperature of Objects (. 9.3).
. , , , .
119   
2. , Include Temperature Dependence. . Object Name Material . , .
, Select by name. Select. . .
3. , , .
4. Unit.
5. Set, , Set Default . Set Default, .
6. , , , Edit....
120   
HFSS->Set Object Temperature - . , Fields->Plot Fields->Other…->Temperature (. 9.4).
. 9.4. . 9.5. , - .. ANSYS.
. 9.5.
121   
ANSYS , (. 9.6).
. 9.6. ANSYS Mechanical
ANSYS Mechanical HFSS.     
           Advanced        Solution  Setup.     ,           HFSS  Maxwell   ANSYS.           (. 9.7).                           ANSYS  Workbench    HFSS   Maxwell.   
122   
. 9.7.
, HFSS Maxwell, , (. 9.8).
. 9.8.
Enable Thermal feedback from ANSYS Mechanical, .THM Solution, , HFSS Maxwell. , centroid.xml (. 9.9),
123   
. ANSYS Workbench 12 , mechanical.ths Project.
. 9.9.
ANSYS Workbench 12 Export Results.
ANSYS Thermal. HFSS 13 Maxwell, “Enable Thermal Feedback from ANSYS Mechanical” Advanced , ANSYS Workbench 12, . ANSYS Workbench 12 Project Solution HFSS, Maxwell C:\Ansoft\HFSS13.0\Help\hfss. chm::/savinganewproject. htm > . :
1. HFSS Maxwell.
2. , ANSYS Workbench 12.
HFSS Maxwell. Analyze. HFSS Maxwel , . HFSS Maxwell , , ANSYS Workbench 12 ANSYS Termal Link. , :
124   
2. ANSYS Workbench 12, Clean .
3. HFSS Maxwell.
4. (. 9.10).
. 9.10. Re-solving After ANSYS Thermal Link Feedback Edit Thermal Modifier , , .
, (. 9.11), , HFSS -> Set Object Themperature.
125   
. 9.11. Field (. 9.12).
. 9.12. ,
, Ansoft, , . .
126   
10. HFSS HFSS , . , , , . HFSS . HFSS-13 Tune, , , , . , Tune, . Solution Setup Derivative, , , .. . , Tune Report , . "" , , , , . F- - (. 10.1). F , .
. 10.1. F

. 10.2. F-
1 . F- ( 4.8 . 10.2). . HFSS - : 1. Derivative Solution Setup (. 10.3). 2. feed_pos, , Use.
. 10.3. feed_pos
feed_pos, Tune Report Result S- . .
128   
F- . . Create -> Box , . 10.4.
. 10.4. 5 . Draw->Box, , . 10.5.
. 10.5. - 1
, feed_pos (.10.5) Draw- >Cilinder, . 10.6. , feed_pos.
. 10.6.
129   
, Draw Box (. 10.7) Radiate.
. 10.7. ,
, (. 10.8).
. 10.8.
1.5 – 2 (. 10.9).
130   
. 10.9. Start. partial MagS(1,1,feed_pos) (. 10.10), Derivative (. 10.11) feed_pos.
. 10.10.
. 10.11. TuneS(1,1,feed_pos)
Tune Report Report Tuning (. 10.12).
. 10.12.
Report Tuning, , , .
131   
. F- . 10.14.
. 10.14.
, , . , HFSS , .
HFSS-13 Quasi Newton, -, Pattern Seach Genetic Algorithm ( ).
132   
11. . (. 11.1) . Connector Examples Driven Terminal. 4 , . , , .
. 11.1. 4-
(. 11.1) (pin). . () FR4. Radiate . 5 . Driven Terminal (. 11.2) .
133   
. 11.2.
. Connector Examples . FR4, (. 11.3).
. 11.3.
, (. 11.4). Driven Terminal , .
134   
. 11.4. 1 2 , –
1 2 (. 11.4). 3 4 , 1 2, (. 11.5).
. 11.5.
(. 11.6) Assign Automatic.
135   
. 11.6. , gnd gnd “Use as Reference” , gnd , . , , DC 5 .
. 11.7.
136   
. 11.8.
Add Sweep, Interpolating 0 5 0.01 (. 11.9).
. 11.9.
137   
, , Setup1 Profile Solution. Convergence, Matrix Data, Mesh Statistics. S , (. 11.10).
. 11.10. S-
S , , Results (. 11.11).
. 11.11. S
. 11.12 : , . , |S23|= 0.8.
138   
. 11.12. , Driven Terminal , , .
. 11.13. E ,
1- - , , Edit Source . 11.14, , .
. 11.14.
139   
, HFSS-IE. HFSS-IE , HFSS-IE HFSS. HFSS-IE , 1 , HFSS . (. 11.15) , . S- .
. , ,
. , –
.
.11.15. HFSS-IE
, (. 11.15). , , erfect H. , : modal terminal. : • , . • , (), terminal. • . • .
140   
, , . , . . . , , . .
141   
, HFSS_IE. .
, . (.12.1). .
. 12.1.
3.1 . 2-D PerfE. – . . , InfGndPlane1 (. 12.1).
, . (. 12.2), Modeler -> Units.
. 12.2.
142   
HFSS-IE . 12.3, HFSS->Options.
. 12.3. HFSS-IE
270 , 20 x 20 (. 12.4) : .
. 12.4. –
, , , Z (. 12.5) Draw-> Sweep-> Along Vector.
143   
(. 12.6). . 12.6.
. 12.6. Edit -> Copy. (. 12.7) Draw ->Rectangle.
144   
,
. Draw->Rectangle. . 12.8.
. 12.8.
. , (. 12.9) HFSS IE -> Boundary-> Assign-Infinite Ground Plane.
145   
. 12.10.
XOY. . 12.10 Z , . , Select Material. Add Solution, . 12.11. HFSS-IE.
. 12.11.
HFSS-IE 0.9 , (. 12.11).
146   
. 12.12.
, Analyze. HFSS-> Fields -> Edit Sources (. 12.12) , (. 12.13, . 12.14).
3.20
6.40
9.60
12.80
90
60
30
0
-30
-60
-90
-120
-150
-180
150
120
. 12.14.
, , , , . (. 12.15) 100 , 100 .
147   
. . , . . (. 12.16), .
. 12.16. 110
110 . . . , , , Exell, .
148   
HFSS : Mathlab, MathCAD, AutoCAD.
149   
, . HFSS-13 , , S –. HFSS Transient – , (DGTD - Discontinuous Galerkin Time Domain). , , HFSS . , , , , . , (TDR) . (. 13.1) Alinks_BGA, Help HFSS ( Example). S- , . , . (. 13.1). , .
150   
. 13.1. HFSS>Solution Type Transient (. 13.2). .
.13.2. HFSS
Transient Network Analysis. Network Analysis, , , :
• , , , , ;
• ;
• - .
. . air_box, Radiate (. 13.3). . 13.3 , .
151   
. 13.3. Radiate RadiationBoundary – (. 13.3). , , . Boundaries, ReferencePlanes (“”) . , . (. 13.4) BONDWIRE_REFPLANE_1 SOLDERBALL_REFPLANE_1 Perfect E Reference Plane.
. 13.4. () .
152   
. 13.3 , HFSS Transient. , - - ( , screening impedance), .
.
1. LINK_12_BW (. 13.5) Assign Axitation -> Lumped port.
. 13.5.   2 . . 13.6, “Use as reference”, , SOLDERBALLREFPLANE_1 .
153   
. 13.6. Driven Terminal
, 4 SOLDERBALLREFEPLANE_1. 3. Properties Transient (. 13.7). “Active” ( , , S-).
. 13.7.
, . . S-. 4. Post Processing, Do Not Renormalize.
154   
  , Renormalize All Terminals’ Spectral Domain Date, . 5. ( Lumped Port) Excitation, “Auto-Assign Terminals”. (). , HFSS Transient. 13: ( , ) ( , ). HFSS.       . , , : 1 . F (. 13.12), Ctrl.
155   
. 13.12.
2. Modeler>List>Create>Face List. List FaceList1. PlotFields. , : 1. Analysis>Add Solution Setup. 2. General (. 13.13) , 6.
. 13.13. General
156   
4. DC 10 GHz S- 10 MHz. , , . , , . , , TDR . - , DC , . , , . (“non Network Analysis ”), , . , , .
. 13.14.
5 . Duration (. 13.15).
157   
. 13. 15.
, Target Residual (. 13.15). , 20x( ) / ( ). 1 . At most =1.25 ns (. 13.16), 1 , .
. 13.16.
Saved Fields (. 13.17), , PlotFields. 4 ps. 4 ps 0.6 , .
158   
. 13.17. Radiated Fields (. 13.17) , . RAM 400 . , . RAM, , . :
1. . HFSS . , , .
2. , , Results>Create Terminal Solution Data Report>Rectangular Plot, . , . 13.17.
159   
. 13.18.
. 13.19 Y Residual () . – , . Duration. ,
160   
. 13.19. -60 dB, . Report, Context, Solution Time Spectral. S- , . , S- , , . . , .
161   
S-, . 13.21. S-, – .
. 13.21.
, : 1. , PlotFields.
162   
2. , Field Overlays>Plot Fields>E_t>Mag E_t. 3. Done. - . , .. 0.6 ns 1.25 ns . . 13.23.
. 13.22.
. 13.23.
163   
. 0.6 ns 1.25 ns .
. 13.24.                                 () (Time-Domain Reflectometry TDR) ( ). . Report Time Domain. , .
. 13.25.
Time, Categories Quantities, , |S11|.
164   
, , . ,
S11 / (1 - S11) (11)
, IFFT:
IFFT(S11 * input) / ( 1 - IFFT(S11 * input) ) (12)
,
IFFT( S11* input) / ( 1 - S11) * input ). (13)
.
Time Domain Impedance Category, TDRZ.
TDRZ(t) = Zref * ( 1 + IFFT(S11 * input) ) / ( 1 - IFFT(S11 * input) ) (14)
"input" (step impulse), "IFFT(.)" .
v(t) i(t). ( ) a b,
aSZba ii )1()(ZV 00 +=+= (15)
aS Z
00
−=−= (16)
, , , (IFFT) V I, v(t) i(t) . , TDRZ(t). Zo = 50 O.
:
165   
1. , 2 - 4 .
2. Report, Domain, Time.
TDR Options Terminal TDR Impedance Category.
3. TDR Options. TDR Options.
4. , Step () Impulse ( ).
Step , Impulse . Impulse , , 1 1/(time step).
Step Rise Time Impulse .
5. Step, Rise Time.
. DC Fmax, , , 1/(2Fmax). 1/(2Fmax) , . , 0 s , 0 .
6. Maximum Plot Time.
TDR Options Δf : 1/2f, IFFT . , , , , . , TDR , .
7. Delta Time. , .
: DC Fmax ,
166   
, 1/(2Fmax). IFFT 1/(2Fmax), , , , 1/(10Fmax), .
8. , TDR .
FFT Fmax. .
:
Rectangular
. , . w(n)=1.
Bartlett , , .
Blackman , , .
Hamming , .
Hanning (default) , .
Kaiser . , . .
Welch .
9. Save as Default , Use Defaults . , , , .
10. OK.
a. Category, Terminal TDR Impedance.
167   
b. Quantity, .
(Zo) TDRZ 50 , -, , . , Report ( ), Zo × (1+Sii) / (1-Sii) Zo. Zo Report, :
1. Category, Terminal TDR Impedance, Port Function.
. 13.26. x
2. , Value. , Zo 75 ‘Zo=75ohm’ Y-.
. 13.27. Y
c. Function, mag .
3. Done. .
S11 = 0 DC, , TDRZ Zref. S11 DC, , TDRZ , Zref. , . TDRZ Zref. 94 . ,
168   
, , . , - (. 15.25). , 50 , , v = Zref * i. , TDRZ , , .
. 13.28. TDRZ
, ,
TDR:
2 =Δ (17)
c - , B - . TDR , ,
max2F cx =Δ (18)
Fmax - . , Fmax = 15 εr=4, (1.5E8 /) / (3E10 1/) = 5 . , c/(2Fmax) :
)2/(1 maxFt =Δ (19)
169   
N - IFFT. N , . :   
                tNfF Δ==Δ /TIFFT) (/2 max          (20),
   .  T. . , TDR Options . TDR Options t, (3) . t, Fmax " ", S11 . TDR. HFSS . 1/(2Fmax). "" TDR. Hamming Hanning TDR. . 100 % - .
SPICE. , , . Full-Wave SPICE, - SPICE, HSPICE, PSpice Spectre RF . SPICE . Full-Wave SPICE - HFSS Ansoft Designer. SPICE. .
Full-Wave SPICE :
• Modes-to-nodes technology; • ALPS fast-sweep technology; • SPICE.
– . .
170   
. 13.29. , . 13.29 , \\ large_many_proc_machine. . 13.29 , . , 16 . , . 13.30. Solver HFSS Options.
171