Herba Ephedrae

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Ni dung1. nh ngha dc liu 2. c im thc vt3. Thnh phn ho hc4. Kim nghim5. Tc dng, cng dng6. Ghi ch7. Ti liu tham kho

1. nh ngha dc liuB phn trn mt t phi hoc sy kh ca cy tho Ma hong (Ephedra sinica Staff.), Mc tc ma hong (Ephedra equisetina Bunge.), Trung gian ma hong (Ephedra intermediaSchrenk. et C. A. Meyer); h Ma hong (Ephedraceae).

2. c im thc vtM tTho ma hong: L nhng nhnh hnh tr trn, ng knh 1 - 2 mm, t phn nhnh. Mt ngoi mu xanh l cy nht n xanh vng, c nhiu rnh dc, hirp tay. Thn chia thnh nhiu t v dng r, mi dng di 2,5 - 3 cm; l hnhvy nh, di 3 - 4 mm, mc i t khi mc vng, pha trn u l nhn v cong.Th cht gin, d gy, vt b c x, rut c mu nu . Mi thm nh. V hing, cht.Mc tc ma hong: Thn c ng knh 1 - 1,5 mm, khng rp tay, thng phn nhnh nhiu. Dng di 1 - 3 cm. L l nhng vy hnh tam gic, di 1 - 2 mm, mu trng xm, u l khng cun li; rut c mu nu n nu en. Trung gian ma hong: ng knh 1,5 - 3 mm, thng

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phn nhnh, rp tay, dng di 2 - 6 cm. L l vy di 2 - 3 mm, thng umc vng, u l nhn (V thuc Ma hong).

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3. Thnh phn ho hc (methamphetamine (meth) lAlcaloid: ephedrin* )2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol

Norephedrin methylephedrin. flavonoid tanin tinh du, acid hu c. .

Back to Top4. Kim nghimVi phuTho Ma hong: Biu b ngon ngoo, c lp cutin dy, l kh thng nhng ch lm. Ti cc gc li nm st biu b c nhng b si thnh rt dy khng ho g. Vng m mm v kh rng, c nhng b si nh nm ri rc. Tr b c hnh un khc v di nhng gc li c nhng b si. Vng libe-g gm 8 - 15 b, libe pha ngoi, g pha trong (mch g cha phn ho). M mm, rut cha nhng khi c mu nm ri rc, i khi c nhng m si. ( Vi phu thn ma hong)Mc tc ma hong: C 8 - 10 b si vng tr b. Tng sinh libe - g l mt vng lin tc. Khng c si trong rut. Trung gian ma hong: C 12 - 15 b si nm vng tr b. Tng sinh libe - g c dng tam gic. Si trong m mm rut nm ri rc, ring l hay thnh b.Soi bt

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Mu vng xanh hay vng nu. Soi knh hin vi thy: Mnh biu b thn mang l kh, lp cutin c u li. Si di c vch dy nm ring l hay chm thnh b. Mnh m mm gm c nhng t bo hnh ch nht, vch mng. Khi mu cam, nu, nu en. Mnh mch vch c kch thc nh.(Mt s c im bt Ma hong) nh tnhA. Bt dc liu, chit bng dung dch acid hydrocloric 5% nhit si, Lc.Chuyn dch lc vo mt bnh gn, kim ho bng amoni hydroxyd m c, ri chit bng cloroform. Gn dch cloroform vo hai ng nghim. ng 1 thm dung dch ng (II) clorid kim (TT) v carbon disulfid (TT), mi loi 5 git, lc u v yn, lp cloroform c mu vng m. ng 2 dng lm ng kim chng, thm 5 git cloroform (TT) thay v carbon disulfid, lc u v yn, lp cloroform khng c mu hay c mu vng rt nht.B. Phng php sc k lp mng (Sc k lp mng).S dng bn mng Silicagel G hot ho 1100C trong 30 pht, h dung mi khai trin: cloroform - methanol-amoni hydroxyd m c (20: 5: 0,5).Dung dch th: Bt dc liu, kim ho bng amoni hydroxyd m c v chit bng cloroform, un hi lu 1 gi, lc. Bc hi dch lc ti cn, thm methanol vo cn ri khuy u. Lc, c dung dch th.Dung dch i chiu: Ho tan mt lng ephedrin chun trong methanol (TT) c dung dch c nng 1 mg/ml.Cch tin hnh: Chm ring bit ln bn mng cc dung dch trn, trin khai sc k xong, kh bn mng nhit phng, phun dung dch ninhydrin (TT) v sy 105oC khong 5 pht. Trn sc k ca dung dch th phi c vt cng mu sc v gi tr Rf vi vt ephedrin trn sc k ca dung dch i chiu.C th s dng sc k lp mng hiu nng cao nh tnh Ma hong: Chit dc liu bng MeOH. S dng bn mng silicagen, trin khai bng h dung mi v quan st = 366nm(Sc k dch chit cc dc liu vt 2). nh lng

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Cn chnh xc mt lng bt dc liu kim ho bng amoni hyroxyd m c, cho vo bnh Soxhlet, thm ethanol v ether. yn 24 gi, thm ether v un hi lu trn cch thu cho n khi ht alcaloid. Chuyn dch chit vo mt bnh gn, ra bnh chit bng mt lng nh ether. Lc dch chit vi dung dch acid hydrocloric 0,5 M nhiu ln. Gp ht dch acid li, kim ho bng dung dch natri hydroxyd 40%, bo ho bng natri clorid, li chit vi ether nhiu ln. Gp cc dch ether li, ra 3 ln mi ln 5 ml dung dch natri clorid bo ho. Gp cc nc ra li v lc vi 10 ml ether. Gp ht cc dch ether li, thm chnh xc 30 ml dung dch acid sulfuric 0,01 M, lc u, yn lp acid trong bnh gn cho phn lp; ly ring lp acid cho vo bnh nn, radch ether bng nc. Gp nc ra vo bnh nn ng acid trn, un cch thu ui ht ether v ngui, chun acid tha bng dung dch natri hydroxyd 0,02 M, dng 2 git methyl lm cht ch th mu. 1 ml acid sulfuric0,01 M tng ng vi 3,305 mg ephedrin (C10H15NO). Dc liu phi cha khng di 0,8% alcaloid ton phn tnh theo ephedrin C10H15NO.

Back to Top5. Tc dng v cng dngPht hn, tn hn, tuyn ph, bnh suyn, li thu, tiu thng. Ch tr: Cm mo phong hn, ngc tc, ho suyn, phong thy ph thng, hen ph qun.Mt Ma hong: Nhun ph ngng ho; thng dng trong trng hp biu chng gii, kh suyn ho.

Back to Top6. Ghi chCh binThu hoch vo ma thu, khi thn cn hi xanh, ct v, phi kh, b li thnh tng b.Bo chMa hong: B phn gc thn ho g, r cn st v tp cht, ct on, phi kh.

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7. Ti liu tham khoBi ging Dc liu Tp II - 1998 Tr. .Cy thuc v ng vt lm thuc Vit nam Tp I. - NXB khoa hc v k thut - 2004. Tr. 196-200.Dc in Vit Nam III. Tr. 404-405 Tt Li - Nhng cy thuc v v thuc Vit Nam - NXB Y hc - 2003. Tr. 614-618Nguyn Vit Thn - Kim nghim dc liu bng phng php hin vi- NXB khoa hc v k thut- 2003. Tr.166-168.

Back to Top20 l nha dn nhn Sunfarin cha 155ml dung dch mu trng c cht Ephedrine l tin cht ma ty; 730ml tin cht ma ty Acetone; 9,7184 gam thn, cnh tho dc lcy ma hong c hot cht Ephedrine l tin cht ma ty; 1 tp giy qu v 1.500 vin nn mu xanh nng 225,34 gam l cht c s dng lm ph gia, my sy tc khi iu ch ma ty tng hp; 1 s tay c ghi cng thc sn xut ma ty tng hp; 2 in thoi di ng ca Dng lu tr cc file d liu lin quan n vic sn xut tri php cht ma ty; cc vt bng thy tinh, bp hng ngoi chng ct, iu ch ma ty ; 1 cn in t, cc ti nilon nh chuyn ng ma ty

Nhng quy ch hin hnh v qun l tin cht dng lm thuc- Lut Dc: (trch iu 63) thuc gy nghin, thuc hng tm thn, tin cht dng lm thuc v thuc phng x l nhng loi thuc thuc danh mc phi kim sot c bit.- Quy ch k n thuc trong iu tr ngoi tr (theo Q s 04/2008 ngy1/2/2008 ca B Y t) k n thuc hng tm thn v tin cht dng lm thuc: 1. i vi bnh cp tnh vi liu dng khng vt qu mi (10) ngy (trch iu 10).- Vn bn s 1517/BYT-KCB ngy 6/3/2008 hng dn thc hin Quy chk n trong iu tr ngoi tr: theo danh mc thuc phi k n v bn theo n tm thi c 30 nhm:

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Theo , nhng loi thuc no c cha tin cht c hm lng ti a di mc quy nh trn s khng thuc din phi k n v bn theo n. Ring ephedrin dng thuc tim d thp di mc trn (v d ng 1ml = 10mg) vn phi bn theo n.Danh mc thuc cha bnh ch yu s dng ti cc c s khm bnh cha bnh (theo Q s 05/2008/Q-BYT ngy 1/2/2008 ca B Y t) bo m s dng thuc hp l, an ton, hiu qu, p ng yu cu iu tr cho ngi bnh. m bo quyn li v thuc cha bnh cho ngi bnhtham gia bo him y t. Danh mc thuc tn dc c 750 thuc v hot cht. Dng cho cc bnh vin, phng khm a khoa v c s y t c bcs. Trong thuc l tin cht c 3 th l: - Ephedrin (hydroclorid) tim trong nhm thuc gii c v thuc dng trong trng hp ng c ( cc bnh vin).- Ergotamin (tartrat) tim, ung; c trong nhm thuc iu tr au na u, chng mt ( cc bnh vin v c s y t c bc s).- Ergometrin (hydrogen maleat) tim; c trong nhm thuc thc , cm mu sau bnh vin v c s y t c bc s. Khoa dc bnh vin, nh thuc bnh vin, phng khm bnh, c s y t c bc s, cn bit danh mc 750 loi thuc tn dc ny phc v thuc cho nhu cu iu tr.Nhng iu cn bit cho ngi bn thuc v ngi dng thuc cha tin cht5 loi tin cht dng lm thuc c hm lng bng hoc ln hn mc quy nh theo danh mc 4, ni trn; cn phi qun l cht ch v c bit lu v 2 yu cu:- An sinh x hi: vi s lng ln (1 trong 5 cht k trn) c th tng hp ma ty.- An ton cho ngi dng thuc: cn phi c bc s khm bnh k n mi c mua thuc, dng thuc.Trong 5 loi tin cht dng lm thuc c 2 loi cn quan tm c bit n an ton cho ngi dng thuc (k c loi c hm lng thp hn mc quy nh, khng phi k n v bn theo n) l phenylpropanolamin v pseudoephedrin; v chng l thnh phn chnh trong nhiu bit dc cha cm cm, ho, vim mi d ng.C nhiu dng thuc ung nh: vin nn, vin bao ng, vin bao

phim, vin nn nhai; vin nang cng; vin nang mm; vin nang phng thch chm, siro, thuc git ung. Dng cho nhiu i tng t tr 3 thng tui n ngi ln.- Phenylpropanolamin c khong hn 80 loi bit dc ni, ngoi.- Pseudoephedrin c khong hn 40 loi bit dc ni, ngoi.Mt s bit dc cha phenylpropanolamin hoc pseudoephedrin li c tn trng nhau nh ameflu, decolgen, concap, rhumenol, tiffy...Ngi c ch nh dng thuc cha pseudoephedrin khng nn dng di ngy (tt nht ch dng 2-3 ngy) v dng di ngy c th gy quen thuc, ph thuc vo thuc hoc nghin thuc kiu amphetamin.Cc loi thuc cha phenylpropanolamin hoc pseudoephedrin ( bt khm lng no) cm dng cho ngi c bnh tim mch nng, i tho ng, cng gip, hen ph qun, tr em vim ph qun mn tnh.Ngi bn thuc cn xp ring cc loi thuc cha tin cht vo 1 khu vc ring; tch ring loi bn theo n. Khi giao thuc cho ngi mua nh nhc nhng trng hp cm dng k tr

Methamphetamine l mt chiral hp vi hai ng phn i, dextromethamphetamine v levomethamphetamine. nhit phng, cc cs min ph ca methamphetamine l mt cht lng trong sut, khng mu vi mi hi c trng ca phong l l. [ 9 ] N ha tan trongdiethyl ether v ethanol cng nh c th trn vi chloroform . [ 9 ] Ngc li, cc hydrochloride methampetamine mui l khng mi c v ng. [ 9 ] N c nhit nng chy gia 170-175 C (338-347 F) v, nhit phng, xy ra khi cc tinh th mu trng hoc mt mu trng tinh th bt. [ 9 ] Cc hydrochloride mui cng l d tan trong ru v nc. [ 9 ]

Tng hp bit thm chi tit v tng hp amphetamine bt hp php, xem tng hp bt hp php ca cc cht kch thch thay th .Racemic methamphetamine c th c chun b bt u t phenylacetone bi ngi Leuckart [ 92 ] hoc amin ha cht kh phng php. [ 93 ] Trong cc phn ng Leuckart, tng ng vi mt phenylacetone phn ng vi hai ng lng N -methylformamide sn xut cc

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formyl amide ca methamphetamine cng carbon dioxide v methylamine nhcc sn phm ph. [ 93 ] Trong phn ng ny, mtiminium cation c hnh thnh nh l mt trung gian c gim bng tng ng th hai ca N -methylformamide . [ 93 ] Cc formyl amide trung gian sau c thy phn trong iu kin dung dch c tnh axit mang li methamphetamine l sn phm cui cng. [ 93 ] Ngoi ra, phenylacetone c th phn ng vi methylamine di iu kin gim sn lng methamphetamine. [ 93 ]

Tng hp methamphetamine

Phng php tng hp methamphetamine ca methamphetamine qua amin ha cht kh

Phng php tng hp methamphetamine qua cc phn ng LeuckartSuy thoi

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Phng th nghim meth cnT Wikipedia, bch khoa ton th min ph

Tinh th methamphetamineMt phng th nghim meth ln l mt phng th nghim c th vn chuyn c s dng sn xut bt hp php methamphetamine . [ 1 ]cc phng th nghim meth cn thng c di chuyn n mt a im ho lnh ni mnh, khi c hi ca sn xut methamphetamine c th khng c pht hin v ni m cc sn phm ph sn xut c hi c th c loi b . [ 2 ] H i khi c thit k sn xut thuc trong khi cc phng th nghim c i du lch. [ 3 ]

Ni dung [ hide ]

1 Vn ti nguy him 2 Tc dng gy c v tn tch nguy him 3 thc thi php lut v pht hin 4 ti liu tham kho vn ha 5 Xem thm 6 Ti liu tham kho 7 Lin kt ngoi

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Giao thng vn ti nguy him [ sa ]Qu trnh "nu nng" methamphetamine c th nguy him v n linquan n c hi, d chy, n v cc ha cht: trong thng 11 nm 2001, mt phng th nghim meth ln c mang ammonia khan pht n trn Interstate 24 pha ty nam Kentucky, [ 4 ] khin vic thc thi php lut ng trn xa l. S c nh vy khng ch lm tn thng cc nh sn xut meth, nhng b thng li xe i qua v cnh st, nhng ngi cng ang tip xc vi khi nguy him. [ 5 ]

Nhng mi nguy him chnh ca vn chuyn ph thuc vo phng php c s dng sn xut methamphetamine. Amoniac khan thng b nh cp t cc trang tri[ cn dn ngun ] - ni n c s dng lm phn bn [ 6 ] - v t vo mt my lm lnh nc h gia nh hoc vo mt bn cha kh propane c. C mt cng khng bnh propane c thit k gi kh cao p v bin ng ny. Khan c ngha l "khng c nc" mt cch chung chung. Cc kh s t mt v c hng cp c th ca bt k m.Ht phi kh c th gy tn hi phi nng hoc thm ch t vong. [ 7 ] Trong mt tai nn, cc tu s dng cha kh ny thng tht bi.Cc phng php amoniac khan, tuy nhin, l mt phng php thct lm methamphetamine. N l xa cc phng php ph bin nht l do s ra i ca phng php Lc v Nng. [ 8 ] Phng php nyct ra s cn thit cho amoniac khan cng nh photpho . Tt c cc thnh phn c ch n gin l t vo mt ci chai v lc trongkhi cc phn ng ha hc xy ra. Phn ng ny xy ra di p lc v cc chai phi c thng xuyn unscrewed gii phng p lc. Sn xut Methamphetamine thng gi y l "" chai.S nguy him ca vic vn chuyn mt lc v phng th nghim nng tng t nh vn chuyn amoniac khan. Nu cc chai ha trn mt ca n v cc thnh phn nht nh kt hp vi nhau, mt v n c th xy

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ra. [ 9 ] iu ny l do mt dung mi hu c nh Coleman nhin liu thng c tip xc vi lithium v nc khi nhng li khuyn chai, v khi nc chm lithium n s gy ra cc phn ng dn n chy. [ 10 ]

Tc dng gy c v tn tch nguy him [ sa ]

Thng rc cn li t mt phng th nghim meth bt hp php. Cht thi trong phng th nghim Meth l cc k nguy him v dn dp cht thi c hi l mt vn ln i vi chnh quyn v ch s huti sn. Cht thi thng thng bao gm toluene, ammonia, chai soda, mo, pin lithium, ether, ph hp, v pseudoephedrine v thuc.[ 11 ]

Nh vi mt phng th nghim nh, khi cn li t mt phng th nghim di chuyn methamphetamine th c th cc k c hi. Cc b mt ni tht ca chic xe c th c trng hoc thm tm vi d lng c hi, lm cho v gi tr xe. [ 12 ] Phng tin i li b nh cpvi mc ch duy nht ca sn xut ca thuc thng c coi l b nhim v khng s dng c, [ 13 ] nh tip xc vi cc cc sn phm ca phn ng ha hc cn li trong xe l thng xuyn qu nguy him c gng kh nhim. [ 14 ] Mt bin chng na l cc phng thc "nu" cho meth thng xuyn thay i nn vic x l thch hp i vi mt trang web trong phng th nghim cho khng th on t trc phng php phng th nghim c bit n. [ 15 ] Thc thi php lut Hazmat i c giao x l cc vt

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hazmat_suithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-MDH-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-ABC7DENVER-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-ESTAR-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contaminatedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contaminatedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-WJBF-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolling_meth_lab&action=edit&section=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-chemguide-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-tulsapolice-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Meth_lab_trash_central_IA.jpg

liu c hi cn phi thn trng v c o to mt cch thng xuyn. Tnh n ngy 23 Thng Mi nm 2014 ca C quan bo vmi trng nh a ra cc hng dn cho Methamphetamine Laboratory Cleanup cung cp hng dn k thut cho cn b nh nc v a phng chu trch nhim v methamphetamine (meth) phng th nghim dn dp. [ 16 ] Hng dn ny da trn mt nh girng ri ca c sn tt nht khoa hc v thc tin v a ch cc hot ng dn dp chung, xc nh thc hnh tt nht cho cc hng mc hoc cc ti liu c th, tho lun v th tc ly mu, v cung cp hng dn resources.The k thut cho phng th nghim Methamphetamine Cleanup cung cp hng dn k thut cho cn bnh nc v a phng chu trch nhim v methamphetamine (meth) phng th nghim sch . tm mt cng ty c cp php vchng nhn cc hip hi quc gia ca trng v n lm sch binson EPA ph duyt danh sch nh cung cp. y l mt phin bn v Lut X l nhim Methamphetamine Nghin cu nm 2007 EPA pht trin hng dn cho cc phng th nghim methamphetamine remediating c. Ti liu ny cung cp nhng hng dn cho cc quc gia v cc c quan a phng ci thin "s hiu bit quc gia ca chng ti trong vic xc nh cc im m ti cc phng th nghim methamphetamine c tr thnh sch sng mt ln na." Php lut cng yu cu rng EPA k cp nht cc hng dn, khi thch hp, phn nh cc kin thc sn c tt nht v nghin cu.

Thc thi php lut v pht hin [ sa ]Cn cc phng th nghim c th c che du meth trn hoc trong xe ln nh 18 bnh nh nh xe my . Cc phng th nghim ln rt kh pht hin hn so vi nhng vn phng phm v c th c thng n gia hng phm php lut v xe ti ln. [ 4 ] Nhiu khm ph lab cn gn y l kt qu ca mt s quan ch "ngi" ln

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-CBSNEWS1-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcyclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-trailer_truckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolling_meth_lab&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-16

chng. [ 12 ] Ci thin o to s quan v kim tra xe ng ng vi K-9 n v c th cho php tng pht hin. [ 17 ]

Ti liu tham kho vn ha [ sa ]Mt v tr ti din trong mt vi ma ca lot phim truyn hnh Breaking Bad l mt trung nin tm mi Fleetwood Bounder tn 'The Krystal tu ", c s dng bi cc nhn vt chnh nh phng th nghim di ng ca h.Mt in thoi di ng crack cocaine tnh nng nh my nh mt ca t motif trong Full Metal Jackoff , mt bn di theo di trn Jello Biafra hp tc 's vi DOA , cui Scream ca xm Thiu .

Xem thm [ sa ]

Methamphetamine - sn xut bt hp php Lm dng ma ty Nghin ma ty Cuc chin chng ma ty Breaking Bad

Ti liu tham kho [ sa ]

1. Nhy ln ^ Nhn vin nh vn. " Methamphetamine, nh gi meth-phng th nghim v sch-up . " Forensic Applications Consulting Technologies Inc. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

2. Nhy ln ^ Nhn vin nh vn ". Methamphetamine v ti phm lin quan: Tc ng ca Methamphetamine lm dng . " (PDF) Northwest vn phng Washington ca chnh sch kim sot ma tu quc gia. Published March 2006. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

3. Nhy ln ^ Nhn vin nh vn. " B co buc cn Meth Lab ng Local Ohio Interstate V gi . " Dc

http://www.drug-rehabs.org/con.php?cid=1171&state=Ohiohttp://www.drug-rehabs.org/con.php?cid=1171&state=Ohiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-DRUGREHAB_3-0http://mfiles.org/publications/Methandrelatedcrime.pdfhttp://mfiles.org/publications/Methandrelatedcrime.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-NWONDCP_2-0http://www.forensic-applications.com/meth/meth.htmlhttp://www.forensic-applications.com/meth/meth.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-FA1_1-0http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolling_meth_lab&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breaking_Badhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_on_Drugshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_addictionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_abusehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetamine#Illicit_production_of_methamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolling_meth_lab&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_Scream_of_the_Missing_Neighborshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/D.O.A._(band)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jello_Biafrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jello_Biafrahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-side_and_B-sidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motif_(narrative)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crack_cocainehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fleetwood_Enterpriseshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breaking_Badhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolling_meth_lab&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-2NEWSTV-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_note-WJBF-12

Rehabs.org. Published November 11, 2008. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

4. ^ Chuyn n: mt b . Bootie Cosgrove-Mather " cn Meth Labs Trong Vogue - Methamphetamine Makers R xe vo cn Drug Labs . " CBS News . Published July 17, 2002. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

5. Nhy ln ^ Nhn vin nh vn. " Meth Lab n trn I-10 lm b thng bn . " WAFB . Published April 29, 2008. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

6. Nhy ln ^ John M. Shutske. " S dng ammonia khan an ton trn cc trang tri . " i hc Minnesota . sa i nm 2005. Ly trn 2014/07/17.

7. Nhy ln ^ Trung tm Kim sot v Phng nga dch bnh. " khan Ammonia Thng tin Y t . " Bc Dakota B Y t . Ly trn 2014/07/17.

8. Nhy ln ^ Nhn vin nh vn. " 'lc-v-bake' phng php mi lm crystal meth c xung quanh lut thuc nhng cng khng km phn nguy him . " New York Daily News . Ly trn 2014/07/17.

9. Nhy ln ^ Tulsa Cnh st. " Video: Cnh st Tulsa chng minh Lc v Nng Meth n . " Cnh st Tulsa . Ly trn 2014/07/17.

10. Nhy ln ^ Jim Clark. " Phn ng ca Nhm 1 yu t vi nc . " chemguide.co.uk . Ly trn 2014/07/17.

11. Nhy ln ^ Methamphetamine Nhn phng th nghim nguy him , B T php M, http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs7/7341/7341p.pdf

12. ^ Chuyn n: mt b Joy Howe ". "Moving Meth Lab" Rolls Out vn mi ". WJBF . ng ngy 11 thng 11, nm 2008. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WJBFhttp://www.wjbf.com/jbf/news/crime/article/moving_meth_lab_rolls_out_new_problems/8532/http://www.wjbf.com/jbf/news/crime/article/moving_meth_lab_rolls_out_new_problems/8532/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-WJBF_12-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-WJBF_12-0http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs7/7341/7341p.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-11http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chemguide.co.uk&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/group1/reacth2o.htmlhttp://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/group1/reacth2o.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-chemguide_10-0http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tulsa_Police&action=edit&redlink=1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kq7zj8Kd_Q&noredirect=1https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kq7zj8Kd_Q&noredirect=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-tulsapolice_9-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Daily_Newshttp://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/new-shake-and-bake-method-making-crystal-meth-drug-laws-dangerous-article-1.397428http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/new-shake-and-bake-method-making-crystal-meth-drug-laws-dangerous-article-1.397428http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/new-shake-and-bake-method-making-crystal-meth-drug-laws-dangerous-article-1.397428http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-NYdaily_8-0http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_Dakota_Department_of_Health&action=edit&redlink=1http://www.ndhealth.gov/epr/resources/anhydrous.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-NDhealth_7-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Minnesotahttp://www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/nutrient-management/nitrogen/using-anhydrous-ammonia-safely-on-the-farm/http://www.extension.umn.edu/agriculture/nutrient-management/nitrogen/using-anhydrous-ammonia-safely-on-the-farm/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-UMN1_6-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WAFBhttp://www.wafb.com/Global/story.asp?S=8245385http://www.wafb.com/Global/story.asp?S=8245385http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-WAFB_5-0http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CBS_Newshttp://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/07/17/national/main515436.shtmlhttp://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/07/17/national/main515436.shtmlhttp://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2002/07/17/national/main515436.shtmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-CBSNEWS1_4-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-CBSNEWS1_4-0

13. Nhy ln ^ Kathy Helms-Hughes. " Thng ku gi gip dp tt cc phng th nghim meth . " ELIZABETHTON Star Online. Archives. Ly v 2009/02/14.

14. Nhy ln ^ Nhn vin nh vn. " Ngi ph n ca xe b nh cp, s dng cn Nh Meth Lab . " TheDenverChannel.com. ng ngy 10 thng 11, nm 2006. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

15. Nhy ln ^ MDH-MPCA. " Clandestine Drug Lab Hng dnchung Cleanup ". (PDF) Minnesota Department of Health & Minnesota C quan kim sot nhim. ngy 01 thng 1 2006 Version. Ly v 2009/02/14.

16. Nhy ln ^ http://www2.epa.gov/emergency-response/voluntary-guidelines-methamphetamine-laboratory-cleanup

17. Nhy ln ^ Jerry Manter, Kansas. " Cnh st pht hin 'cn lab meth' sau c th dng giao thng DUI . " 2NEWSTV.com. to 02 thng 4, 2008. Ly trn 2009/02/14.

Lin kt ngoi [ sa ]

Cn Meth Lab tm thy; 1 Tnh , FoxCarolina.com (vi video c sn)

Cnh st Stop "Ln" Meth Lab , WKRG.com Chng trnh i b t ca gio dc ch t On sn xut

Methamphetamine , i hc Kentucky - Trng Cao ng Nng nghip

Covington cnh st vi nab vi thuc trong 'ln lab meth' nola.com - New Orleans Metro Ti phm v To n Tin tc

[chng trnh] V

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Methamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_labhttp://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2009/12/covington_police_nap_couple_op.htmlhttp://www.nola.com/crime/index.ssf/2009/12/covington_police_nap_couple_op.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Kentuckyhttp://www.ca.uky.edu/AGC/NEWS/2004/Nov/walkland.htmhttp://www.ca.uky.edu/AGC/NEWS/2004/Nov/walkland.htmhttp://www.wkrg.com/crime/article/police_stop_rolling_meth_lab/19687/http://www.foxcarolina.com/news/18707262/detail.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolling_meth_lab&action=edit&section=7http://www.2news.tv/news/local/17240424.htmlhttp://www.2news.tv/news/local/17240424.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-2NEWSTV_17-0http://www2.epa.gov/emergency-response/voluntary-guidelines-methamphetamine-laboratory-cleanuphttp://www2.epa.gov/emergency-response/voluntary-guidelines-methamphetamine-laboratory-cleanuphttp://www2.epa.gov/emergency-response/voluntary-guidelines-methamphetamine-laboratory-cleanuphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-16http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/meth/lab/guidance0106.pdfhttp://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/eh/meth/lab/guidance0106.pdfhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-MDH_15-0http://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/10291836/detail.htmlhttp://www.thedenverchannel.com/news/10291836/detail.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-ABC7DENVER_14-0http://archives.starhq.com/html/localnews/0602/061102Meth.htmlhttp://archives.starhq.com/html/localnews/0602/061102Meth.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_lab#cite_ref-ESTAR_13-0

T E

Methamphetamine

[chng trnh] V T E

S dng ma ty gii trTh loi :

Methamphetamine Bun bn ma ty bt hp php

Lch s v vn ha ca cc cht kch thch thay thT Wikipedia, bch khoa ton th min ph

Bi vit ny l v cc kha cnh vn ha x hi v lch s ca amphetamine v methamphetamine .

Amphetamine v methamphetamine l c hai loi thuc dc phm c s dng iu tr mt lot cc iu kin, v cc loi thuc gii tr c thng tc gi l "tc ." [ 1 ] Amphetamine c tng hp u tin vo nm 1887 ti c bi nh ha hc ngi Rumani Lazr Edeleanu ngi t tn n phenylisopropylamine. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Mt thi gian ngn sau, methamphetamine c tng hp t ephedrine trong nm 1893 bi Nht Bn ha hc Nagai Nagayoshi . [ 5 ] Khng c mt loi thuc s dng dc l cho ti nm 1934, khi Smith, Kline v Php bt u bn amphetamine l mt ng ht di thng mi tn Benzedrine nh mt loi thuc thng mi. [ 6 ]

Trong Th chin II, amphetamine v methamphetamine c s dng rng ri bi c hai lc lng ng Minh v Axis cho cht kch thch cng nh tc dng nng cao hiu sut. [ 4 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Cui cng, nh tnh cht gy nghin ca thuc tr thnh ni ting, cc chnh ph bt u t kim sot cht ch vic bn thuc. [ 4 ] V d, trong nm 1970 ti Hoa K, amphetamine tr thnh mt lch trnh kim sot cht II di s kim sot cht Act . [ 9 ] Mc d chnh ph kim sot cht ch, c amphetamine v methamphetamine vn c s dng hp php hoc bt hp php ca c nhn t nhiu ngun gc cho cc mc ch khc nhau. [ 10 ] [ 11 ] [ 12 ] [ 13 ]

Do th trng ln di lng t cho cc loi thuc ny, h thng xuyn tng hp bt hp php bi cc nh ha hc bmt , bun bn , v bn trn th trng ch en. [ 14 ] Da vo ma ty v tin cht thuc ng kinh, sn xut thuc kch thch bt hp php v bun bn l rt t ph bin hn ca methamphetamine . [ 14 ]

Ni dung [ hide ]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamineshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-World_Drug_Report-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_precursorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-World_Drug_Report-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_traffickinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_chemistryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_chemistryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Ergogenics-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Erdos-12http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-medicine-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Controlled_Substances_Act-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Controlled_Substances_Acthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schedule_II_(US)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Vermont-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-pmid22849208-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Allies-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Vermont-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Benzedrine-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzedrinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhalerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith,_Kline_and_Frenchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Grobler_et_al_2011-5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagai_Nagayoshihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagai_Nagayoshihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemisthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephedrinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Vermont-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Edeleanu-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laz%C4%83r_Edeleanuhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recreational_drug_use#Stimulantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmaceutical_drughttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Illegal_drug_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Methamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Categoryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recreational_drug_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Drug_use&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Drug_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Drug_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolling_meth_labhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Methamphetamine&action=edithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:Methamphetamine

1 Lch s ca amphetamine v methamphetamineo 1.1 s dng qun s

2 X hi v vn hao 2.1 Trong truyn hnho 2.2 Trong vn hco 2.3 Trong m nhco 2.4 Trong phimo 2.5 Trong ton hc

3 nn vn ha ma ty bt hp phpo 3.1 Ting lngo 3.2 tuyn ng gii tr ca chnh quyn

3.2.1 Tim 3.2.2 ht 3.2.3 n

o 3.3 tng hp bt hp php 3.3.1 cc phng th nghim bt hp php 3.3.2 Cc tp cht v adulterants

o 3.4 Phn phi 4 Xem thm 5 Ghi ch v tham kho 6 Lin kt ngoi

Lch s ca amphetamine v methamphetamine [ sa ]Xem thm: Methamphetamine ti Hoa K

Tinh th methamphetamine ln u tin c tng hp vo nm 1919 biAkira OgataAmphetamine c tng hp u tin vo nm 1887 ti c bi nh hahc ngi Rumani Lazr Edeleanu ngi t tn nphenylisopropylamine . [ 4 ] [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] l mt trong mt lot cc hp cht lin quan n cc dn xut nh my ephedrine , vn c phn lp t nh my Ma-Huang (Ephedra) cng nm bi Nagayoshi

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Nagai . [ 18 ] Ngay sau khi tng hp u tin ca amphetamine,Nagai tng hp methamphetamine t ephedrine vo nm 1893. [ 5 ] [ 19 ] Nm 1919, methamphetamine hydrochloride, cn c gi l tinh th meth , c tng hp bi dc Akira Ogata qua gim ephedrine s dng mu pht pho v it . [ 19 ] Cc giao cm tnh ca amphetamine l khng r cho n nm 1927, khi tin phong psychopharmacologist Gordon Alles c lp resynthesized n v th nghim n trn mnh trong khi tm kim mt thay th nhn to cho ephedrine. [ 16 ] [ 20 ] Nm 1934, Smith, Klinev Php dc amphetamine u tin khi h bt u bn mt loi thuc thng mi ht cha amphetamine d bay hi min ph c s di tn thng mi Benzedrine .[ 6 ] [ 20 ] Mt trong nhng ngi u tin n lc s dng amphetamine trong mt nghin cu khoa hc c thc hin bi M. Nathanson, mt bc s Los Angeles, nm 1935. [ 21 ] ng nghin cu nhng tc ng ch quan ca amphetamine trong 55 nhn vin bnh vin ngi tng a ra 20 mg Benzedrine. [ 21 ] Cc hai tc thuc ph bin nht c bo co l "mt cm gic hnh phc v cm gic ca nim vui" v "mt mi gim i trong nhng phn ng lm vic". [ 21 ]

Trong Th chin II, amphetamine v methamphetamine c s dngrng ri bi c hai lc lng ng Minh v Axis cho cht kch thch cng nh tc dng nng cao hiu sut. [ 4 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ] Trong nm 1950, c mt s gia tng trong cc toa thuc hp php ca methamphetamine vicng chng M. [ 19 ] Methamphetamine thnh mt na ca cc mui amphetamine cho vic xy dng ban u cho cc loi thuc ch n ung Obetrol .[ 19 ] Methamphetamine cng c th trng cho xoangb vim hoc cho cc mc ch phi dc l " thuc pep "hoc" bennies ". [ 19 ] Cng trong nm 1950, B Y t Nht Bn b cm sn xut cht kch thch, mc d cc cng ty dc tip tc sn xut cc cht kch thch rng vt thng trn th trng ch en. [ 22 ] T nm 1951 n nm 1954,mt lot cc hnh vi c thng qua bi ngi Nht chnh ph c phi ngng sn xut v bn cc cht kch thch; [ 22 ] Tuy nhin, vic sn xut v bn cc loi thuc kch thch tip tc thng qua tp on ti phm nh Yakuza t chc ti phm. [ 22 ] Trn ng i, n cn c gi l S, Shabu, v Tc , ngoi tn thng mi c ca n. [ 22 ] Hoa K

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trong nhng nm 1960 l nm bt u s dng ng k ca methamphetamine b mt sn xut, hu ht trong s c sn xut bi cc bng nhm xe my . [ 22 ]

Mt qung co nm 1970 choObetrol , mt hn hp ca mui amphetamine v methamphetamineSau nhiu thp k ca s lm dng bo co, trong nm 1965, Thc phmv Dc phm Hoa K Administration (FDA) cm Benzedrine thuc ht, v amphetamine hn ch s dng thuc, nhng vic s dng phi y t vn cn ph bin. [ 4 ] [ 16 ] Amphetamine tr thnh mt lch trnh kim sot cht II M di s kim sot cht Act nm 1971. [ 9 ] Cng nm , cc Hip Quc ban hnh Cng c v cc cht hng tm thn , v amphetamine tr thnh mt lch trnh kim sot cht II, mt th loi rt hn ch theo Hip c. [ 23 ] Vo nm 1990, khong 180 bn nh nc k kt hip c, v do , n tr nn nng quy nh ti hu ht cc nc. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] [ 25 ] Bt u t nm 1990 ti Hoa K, sn xut methamphetamine trong nh ring ca ngi s dng cho s dng c nhn tr thnh ph bin nh l tt. [ 19 ]

Nm 1997 v 1998, cc nh nghin cu ti Texas A & M University tuyn b tm thy amphetamine v methamphetamine trong nhng tn l ca hai cy keo loi bn a

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Texas , A. berlandieri v A. rigidula . [ 26 ] [ 27 ] Trc , c hai hp cht c cho l thun ty tng hp. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] [ 28 ] Nhng pht hin ny khng bao gi c lp li v do gi tr ca bo co i vo cu hi. [ 28 ]

Thay th s dng amphetamine c lch s c c bit ph bin Major League Baseball ngi chi v thng c gi bng thut ng ting lng "greenies". [ 29 ] Nm 2006, MLB cm vic s dng thuc kch thch. Lnh cm c thc thi thng qua k kim nghim thuc.Tuynhin, MLB nhn c mt s li ch trch v nhng hu qu cho vic s dng amphetamine l ng k t nghim trng hn so vi cc steroid ng ha s dng, vi cc vi phm ln u ch cn mang mt cnh bo v tip tc th nghim. [ 30 ] [ 31 ]

Methamphetamine l trc y c s dng rng ri bi cc ti x xe ti chng li cc triu chng bun ng v lm tng nng ca chng trong khi li xe, c bit l trong nhng thp k trc khi k ca cu Tng thng Ronald Reagan ca Lnh 12.564, nh bt u bt buc xt nghim ma ty ngu nhin ca tt c cc trnh iu khin xe ti v nhn vin ca cc ngnh cng nghip DOT-quy khc. [ 32 ]

Qun i s dng [ sa ]Mt trong nhng ng dng sm nht ca amphetamine v methamphetamine l trong Chin tranh Th gii II , khi chng c s dng bi cc lc lng ng Minh v Axis. [ 33 ]

Ngay t nm 1919, Akira Ogata tng hp methamphetamine qua gim ephedrine s dng pht pho v it. Sau , cc nh ha hc Hauschild v Dobke t cc cng ty dc phm c Temmler pht trin mt phng php d dng chuyn i ephedrine methamphetamine. Kt qu l, n c th cho Temmler tip th n trn mt quy m ln nh mt loi thuc khng cn toa di tn thng mi Pervitin (methamphetamine hydrochloride). Mi cho n nm 1986 lPervitin tr thnh mt cht b kim sot, i hi phi c mt toa thucc bit c c. [ 34 ] Pervitin c thng c s dng bi qun i c v Phn Lan. [ 33 ] [ 35 ]

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N c phn phi rng ri trn khp hng ng qun i c v cc b phn, t lc lng u t cho i xe tng v my bay nhn, vi nhiu triu my tnh bng c phn phi trn khp cc chin cho hiu sut ca n tng cng tc dng kch thch v m rng kch thch s tnh to . [ 36 ] s dng ca n bi ngi c b ( Panzer ) i cng mang n cho n c bit n nh Panzerschokolade ("Tank-Chocolates"). [ 37 ] [ 38 ] N cng c thng tc c bit n trong c Luftwaffe phi cng nh Stuka-Tabletten (" Stuka -Tablets ") v Hermann- Gring-Pillen (" Herman-Gring -Pills "). [ 35 ] Hn 35 triu liu ba miligam Pervitin c sn xut cho qun i c v lc lng khng qun gia thng T v thng 7 nm 1940. [ 39 ] T nm 1942 cho n khi ng qua i vo nm 1945, Adolf Hitler c tim tnh mch ca methamphetamine bi bc s ring ca ng Theodor Morell . [ 39 ] Nht Bn, methamphetamine c bn di thng hiu ng k ca Philopon bi Dainippon Dc phm (ngy nay Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma [DSP]) cho dn s v qun s s dng. [ 40 ] Ngi ta c tnhrng mt t vin Phiporon c sn xut t nm 1939 n nm 1945. [ 40 ] Nh vi phn cn li ca th gii vo thi im , cc tc dng ph ca methamphetamine khng nghin cu k, v quy nh khng c nhn thy khi cn thit. Trong nhng nm 1940 v 1950, thuc c dng rng ri ngi lao ng cng nghip ca Nht Bn tng nng sut ca h. [ 41 ]

Amphetamine c trao cho Allied phi cng my bay nm bom trong Th chin II duy tr chng bng cch chin u vi s mt mi v tng cng tp trung trong nhng chuyn bay di. [ 4 ] [ 7 ] Trong chin tranh vng Vnh Ba T , amphetamine tr thnh thuc la chn cho cc phi cng my bay nm bom ca M, s dng c trn c s t nguyn ca gn mt na lc lng khng qun M phi cng. [ 42 ] Cc Tarnak tri c , trong mt ngi M F-16 phi cng thit mng mt s binh s thn thin ca Canada trn mt t, c li cho thc hin th im s dng ca mnh amphetamine. [ 43 ] Mt nonjudicial ( UCMJ iu 15 ) US Air Force nghe bc b tuyn b ca phi cng. [ 44 ]

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X hi v vn ha [ sa ]Trong truyn hnh [ sa ]AMC 's Breaking Bad , mt b phim truyn hnh ti phm xoay quanh quy m ln sn xut bt hp php ca methamphetamine, c ca ngi bi cc nh ph bnh v khn gi cng nh cch tip cn hin thc ca n vi vai din ca bun bn ma ty quc t. N cng c gi l "ng i phng Ty" bi hng lot tc gi Vince Gilligan . [ 45 ]

Trong vn hc [ sa ]Cc nh vn ca th h nh bi c s dng amphetamine rng ri, ch yu l di Benzedrine tn thng hiu . Jack Kerouac l mt ngi dng c bit l cung nhit ca amphetamine, c cho l cung cp cho anh ta vi sc chu ng cn thit lm vic trn tiu thuyt ca ng trong thi gian di ca thi gian. [ 46 ]

Nm 1965, nh bi nh vn Allen Ginsberg , mt thnh vin ca hippie counterculture rt quan trng ca cc cht kch thch th, phng vn vi Los Angeles Free Press . [ 47 ]ng nhn xt rng "Tc lchng i x hi, ra hoang tng, l mt ko ... tt c nhng qui vt dope nh nhng p ang nhn c hi say ln bi nhng con qui vt kinh d thc s freaks tc Frankenstein ngi ang i vng quanh v n cp xu-mouthing tt c mi ngi ". [ 47 ] Tuy nhin, ng cng thanhn rng ng dng n li tt c cc vn bn ban m. [ 47 ]

Amphetamine thng c cp trong tc phm ca nh bo M Hunter S. Thompson . Tc khng ch xut hin trong cc kho thuc Thompson tiu th cho nhng g rng ri c th c nh ngha l cc mc ch gii tr m cn nhn c thng xuyn, r rng cp n nh l mt thnh phn thit yu ca b cng c vn bn ca mnh, [ 48 ] nh trong "Lu ca tc gi" trong Fear v Loathing trn '72 Campaign Trail . [ 49 ]

Mt bui chiu khong ba ngy trc [cc nh xut bn] xut hin canh ti m khng bo trc, v ti v 40 ca ngun cung cp vo phng: hai hp bia Mexico, bn lt ru gin, mt chc bi, v tc lm thay i kt qu ca su Super Bowls . ... Trong khi , [...] vi chng cui cng vn bt thnh vn v p ln k hoch bt u ln

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trong hai mi bn gi. . . . tr khi ai xut hin kh sm vi tc cc k mnh m, c th khng c mt chng cui cng. V bn ngn tay ca vua a ngc Crank s lm cc trick, nhng ti khng lc quan.Tc gi Scotland Irvine Welsh thng miu t s dng ma ty trong tiu thuyt ca ng, mc d trong mt bo ch ca ng trnh ngi bnh lun v cch dng thuc (k c thuc kch thch) tr thnh mt phn ca ch ngha tiu th v cch tiu thuyt ca ng Trainspotting v Porno phn nh nhng thay i trong s dng ma ty v vn ha trong nm tri qua gia hai vn bn. [ 50 ]

Trong tiu thuyt tr em 44 , Nga MGB i l Leo Demidov ingests tinh th methamphetamine tinh khit chng li s kit sc v mt mi khi theo di cc nghi phm Anatoly Brodsky, m thi quen Leo thng qua nh l mt ngi lnh Nga trong Th chin II t ngi lnh c b bt v c Quc x [ 51 ]

Trong m nhc [ sa ]Cc linh hn pha Bc v mod nn vn ha khc Anh c bit n vi vic s dng thuc kch thch c trng ca h. [ 11 ] bui ha nhc ca h thng ngi tham gia dng cht kch thch gi nhy ma sut m. Mt DJ, Roger Eagle, ra khi cnh linh hn pha Bc ni: "Tt c h mun c nhanh tin khiu v mu en m nhc ... [nhng h] qu b chn trn cc cht kch thch ni ln chnh xc m Jackie Wilson k lc h mun ti chi . " [ 52 ]

Nhiu bi ht c vit v thuc kch thch, v d nh trong cc ca khc mang tn " St. Ides Tri "ca ca s / nhc s, Elliott Smith album mang tn 's. Semi Charmed Cuc sngca Third Eye Blind cng tham kho amphetamine. V d hin nhin khc s l nhng bi ht n gin l dn nhn "Amphetamine" ca nhm nhc rock Alternative Everclear , bi ht "20 Dollar mi chy mu" ca cc ban nhc Pop-rock Fall Out Boy , v bi ht " lao u i vi Halos "ca My Chemical Romance . N cng nh hng n tnh thm m ca nhiu ban nhc rock'n'roll (c bit l trong cc garage , mod R & B, cht , punk / hardcore, gothic v cc loi kim loi nng cc). Hsker Du , Jesus v Mary Chain vThe Who tng s dng thuc kch thch tm u trong s

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tn ti ca h. Hollywood Undead tham chiu ma ty nh mt tc ng tiu cc trong bi ht "Thnh ph" trong album t ph ca h Swan Songs . Primus bi ht 's Trn tweek mt ln na v Nhng Damned Tweekers Blue-Collar trc tip tham kho rng ri amphetamine s dng nng thn M. Land Speed Ghi l mt m ch n vic s dng amphetamine Hsker Du. [ cn dn ngun ] Amphetamine b lm dng rng ri trong nhng nm 1980 cnh punk-rock ngm.Ban nhc Punk-rock NOFX kt hp ti liu tham kho Amphetamine v cc cht kch thch khc, hai r rng nht l bi ht "Three on Speed" t "Surfer" 8 "LP(trong ti liu tham kho ba chng trai ang trn Amphetamine khi ghim cc album), v trc cc album "The Longest Line" l tham chiu n mt "ng dy" ca Amphetamine sn sng cho bm. The Rolling Stones tham chiu thuc trong bi ht ca h "You Can not Hear Me G"trong album nh du Ch Fingers ("Y" tt c c i mt cocaine / Yeah, ya c tc qui jive by gi "). Lou Reed cp c th n cc loi thuc trn album ca mnh Berlin , trong bi ht "How Do You Think It Feels?" band Reed. The Velvet Underground , mt sng to ca Andy Warhol Factory Years 's, c thc y bi cc cht kch thch, cng nh t tn cho album th hai ca h White Light / White Heat sau khi thuc v lm ti liu tham kho n trong " Sister Ray . "Cc bt ca khc Sorted cho E & Wizz cp n Anh thut ng ting lng cho thuc lc v ma ty. Anh gothic ban nhc The Sisters of Mercy cp n cc loi thuc trong bi ht ca h "Amphetamine Logic" t album u tin ca h, u tin v cui v Lun lun , v ca s ca h Andrew rng rn s dng cc cht kch thch lin tc. The Byrds tham chiu amphetamines trong 1.968 bi ht "nhn to nng lng" trong album "The Notorious Byrd Brothers."Nhiu ban nhc rock'n'roll t tn mnh sau khi amphetamine v cc ting lng thuc xung quanh n. V d Mod revivalists The Purple Hearts t tn mnh sau khi cc vin thuc amphetamine ph bin vi mods trong nhng nm 1960, cng nh cc ban nhc c cng tn vo gia nhng nm 1960. [ cn dn ngun ] Cc Amphetameanies, mt ban nhc ska-punk, cng l t theo tn thuc kch thch, nhng cng bt chc tc dng ca n. [ cn dn ngun ] [ m h ] Dexys Midnight Runners , s mt hit

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" Come On Eileen ", c t tn sau khi Dexedrine . [ cn dn ngun ] Motorhead ngun gc tn ca h t cc bi ht ca cng tn, ban u bi Hawkwind ni Ian "Lemmy" Kilmister l bass trc khi ri to thnh Motorhead. [ cn dn ngun ]

Danny Brown album 's XXX cha nhiu ti liu tham kho Adderall, chng hn nh cc bi ht c ta "Adderall Admiral".Trong b phim [ sa ]Nh sn xut David O. Selznick , mt ngi s dng thuc kch thch, thng s sai khin bn ghi nh lu di v lan man cho gim c ca mnh di s nh hng ca amphetamine. [ 53 ] B phim ti liu shadowing The Third Man thut li rng Selznick gii thiu The ThirdMan gim c Carol Reed n vic s dng thuc kch thch , trong cho php Reed mang li nhng hnh nh trong ngn sch di y v ng tin ca b phim gn 22 gi ti mt thi gian. [ 54 ]

Tiu ca nm 2009 b phim Amphetamine ng trn hai ngha ca t trong ting Trung Quc. Bn cnh tn cho loi thuc ny, n cng c ngha l " khng phi l s phn ny ca mnh? " c ngha bng quan hvi ct truyn ca b phim. T ny phin m nh - " n Fei TA Minh "- v nh thng xy ra vi phin m ca t ng khng phi Trung Quc mi nhn vt c ngha c lp nh mt t khng lin quan c nhn.Trong ton hc [ sa ]C l v d ng ch nht trong s ny l Paul Erds , mt trong nhngnh ton hc vit nhiu nht v thnh cng nht trong lch s loi ngi. [ 12 ] ng mt amphetamine vmethylphenidate thnh thong trong u s nghip ca mnh. [ 12 ] [ 55 ] ng bt u dng chng hng ngy la tui 58, khi mt bc s theo quy nh chng cho anh ta xoa du ni trm cm lin quan n ci cht ca m mnh, v khng dng li cho n khi ng qua i tui 83. [ 12 ] [ 55 ] ng cng s duy tr chnh mnh v s tin di do ca c ph vcaffeine thuc . [ 12 ] [ 55 ] Erds mt amphetamine d mi quan tm ca bn b ca mnh, mt trong s ( Ron Graham ) t cc anh $ 500 m anh khng th ngng dng thuctrong mt thng. [ 12 ] [ 55 ] Erds thng cc, nhng phn nn: [ 55 ]

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Bn cho ti thy ti khng phi l mt con nghin. Nhng ti khng nhn c bt k cng vic thc hin. Ti thc dy vo bui sng v nhn chm chm vo mt mnh giy trng. Ti khng c tng, ging nh mt ngi bnh thng. Bn thit ton hc tr li mt thng.ng sau nhanh chng tip tc s dng thuc kch thch ca ng. [ 55 ]

Vn ha ma ty bt hp php [ sa ]Xem thm: Sex v thuc v ng v chiC hai amphetamine v methamphetamine c s dng tiu khin nh euphoriants v kch thch tnh dc , vi methamphetamine l thuc gii tr ph bin hn do tin cht sn c v tng i d dng sn xut. [ 14 ] [ 56 ] Theo mt National Geographic ti liu truyn hnh v methamphetamine, "ton b mt nt p vn ha c gi l ng v chi c da trn s dng methamphetamine. " [ 56 ] Cc thnh vin caSan Francisco ny tiu vn ha, trong bao gm gn nh hon ton ca ngi s dng methamphetamine nam ng tnh, thng s gp nhau thng qua cc trang web hn h internet v c quan h tnh dc. [ 56 ] Do kch thch mnh m ca n v hiu ng kch thch tnh dc v tc dng c ch v xut tinh , vi vic s dng lp i lp li, nhng cuc gp g tnh dc i khi s xy ra lin tc trong nhiu ngy. [ 56 ] Cc v tai nn sau khi s dng methamphetamine theo cch ny l rt thng nghim trng, c nh du hypersomnia . [ 56 ]

Ting lng [ sa ]Ting lng cho methamphetamine, c bit ph bin trong nhng ngi dng bt hp php, rt nhiu v khc nhau gia cc vng. [ 57 ] Mt s tnl crystal meth, meth, tc , pha l, , mnh , shabu hoc shaboo , thy tinh , jib , tay quay , batu , tinh chnh , , tina , Yaba , v lnh . [ 57 ] [ 58 ] iu khon khc nhau ty theo khu vc v tiu vn ha; [ 57 ] mt s cc tn min v a phng bao gm: Philopon ng , P New Zealand , " ya ba "(Thi cho" Crazy Y ") ti Thi Lan , bato (Philippines cho hoc ) Philippines , thin thn tha thch Scotland v Tik Nam Phi . [ 57 ] [ 58 ] [ 59 ] Cui cng, Vint ,

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Nga " mt c vt ", cp n mt hnh thc t ch rt bt tnh ca methamphetamine Nga . [ 60 ]

Tuyn ng gii tr ca chnh quyn [ sa ]

So snh cc tc hi nhn thc cho 20 ph bin cc loi thuc gii tr t mt cuc thm d cc nh tm thn hc y khoa chuyn iu tr nghin. Amphetamine c xp hng l 8 v 9 gy nghin c hi nht ca 20 ph bin nht loi thuc gii tr . [ 61 ]

Nhng nh hng ca amphetamine v methamphetamine l t l thun vi tc m mc mu ca cc loi thuc tng. Do , cc tuyn ng chnh nh hng n nguy c nghin tm l c lp vi cc yu t nguy c khc, nh liu lng v tn s s dng.[ 62 ] Tim tnh mch lcon ng nhanh nht dng thuc, gy ra nng trong mu tng ln mt cch nhanh chng nht, tip theo l ht thuc , thuc n (hu mn hoc m o chn), bm (th mnh mt hnh thc powderized), v ung (nut). Trong khi s khi u ca cn st gy ra bng cch timc th xy ra trong t nht l mt vi giy, tuyn ng ung ca yu culn n na gi trc khi tp trung ban u vo. [ 63 ]

Tim [ sa ]Tim mang nhng nguy c tng i ln so vi cc phng php khc ca chnh quyn. Khong liu s dng bi ngi dng tim tnh mch gii tr rt khc nhau, v ngi dng c th tiu th bt c ni no 1-200 ln liu s dng trong iu tr. [ 64 ] ngi dng tim tnh mch c nguy c pht trin thuyn tc phi (PE), mt s tc nghn ca ng mch chnh ca phi hoc mt trong nhng chi nhnh ca n, v thng pht trin pht ban da hoc nhim trng ti ch tim. Nh vi bt k loi thuc tim, nu mt nhm ngi dng chia s mt kim thng thng mkhng cn th tc kh trng, cc bnh truyn qua ng mu nh HIV hoc vim gan, c th c truyn i. [ 65 ] Mc chung bm kim tim trong ngi dng methamphetamine l tng t nh rng trong s ngi s dng thuc tim khc. [ 65 ]

Ht thuc [ sa ]

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Knh ng dng cho ht thuc methamphetamine.Ht thuc amphetamine cp n n bc hi ht khi kt qu, khng t n ht khi kt qu. N thng c ht thuc trong ng knh c lm t glassblown ng Pyrex v bng n. Bnh phi c bo co nhng ngi ht thuc methamphetamine lu di.[ 66 ]

n [ sa ]n (hu mn hoc m o chn) l mt phng php t ph bin ca qun tr s dng trong cng ng vi tng i t nghin cu v tc dng ca n. [ 67 ] Thng tin v vic s dng phn ln l giai thoi vi ccbo co v tng khoi cm tnh dc v nhng tc ng ca thuc ko di lu , [ 68 ] mc d l methamphetamine ang hot ng trc thuc Trung ng trong no, nhng hiu ng ny c kh nng tri qua sinh kh dng cao hn ca thuc trong mu v s khi u ca hnh ng nhanh hn nhiu cc ng dng khc. [ 69 ] Bit danh cho cc tuyn ng ca chnh quyn trong mt s cng ng methamphetamine bao gm mt "mng tn la", mt "chin li phm bng", "p mnh khoai ty", "g ty pht", "cm", "boofing", "suitcasing", "hooping", "keistering", "trc "," bumming ", v" gi "(m o). [ 67 ]

Tng hp bt hp php [ sa ]

Bt chnh tng hp methamphetamine tinh th

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Bt hp php quy m cng nghipmethamphetamine v MDMA nh my ha cht (Cikande, Indonesia )

1 (0,45 kg) ca methamphetamine c tm thy trn mt hnh khch ti sn bay quc t Los Angeles (LAX)Methamphetamine l cu trc tng t vi methcathinone v amphetamine. Tng hp l tng i n gin, nhng t ri ro vi cc ha cht d chy, n mn, c bit l cc dung mi c s dng trong khai thc v tinh ch. Su tuyn ng chnh ca sn xut bt u bng phenyl-2-propanone (P2P) hoc vi mt trong cc hp cht ng phn pseudoephedrine v ephedrine . [ 70 ]

Mt th tc s dng cc amin ha cht kh ca phenylacetone vi methylamine , [ 71 ] P2P thng c ly t phenylacetic acid vanhydride acetic , [ 72 ] v acid phenylacetic c th pht sinh t benzaldehyde , benzylcyanide,

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hoc benzylchloride . [ 73 ] methylamine l rt quan trng cho tt c cc v d phng php, v c sn xut t cc m hnh my bay nhin liu nitromethane , hocformaldehyde v amoni clorua , hoc methyl iodide vi hexamine . [ 74 ] iu ny tng l phng php a thch ca sn xut cabng nhm ua xe California, [ 75 ] n khi gii hn DEA v ha cht thc hin qu trnh kh khn. Pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, phenylacetone, v acid phenylacetic hin l DEA danh sch Ti v anhydride acetic l danh sch II vo danh sch DEA ha cht ty thuc vo quy nh v bin php kim sot. Phng php ny c th lin quan n vic s dng ca clorua thy ngn v li pha sau thy ngn v cc dn cht thi mi trng. [ 76 ] Cc methamphetamine c sn xut bng phng php ny l racemic , bao gm mt phn ca t mong mun levomethamphetamine ng phn. [ 77 ]

Cc tuyn ng Leuckart thay th cng da trn P2P sn xut mt sn phm racemic, nhng tin thu c qua methylformamidetrong axit formic mt N-formyl-methamphetamine trung gian, sau c decarboxylated vi axit hydrochloric . [ 70 ] [ 73 ]

Methamphetamine bt hp php c ph bin hn do gim ca ephedrine hoc pseudoephedrine , trong sn xut cc d-methamphetamine ng hn ng phn. T l chuyn i ti a cho ephedrine v pseudoephedrine l 92%, mc d thng thng, cc phngth nghim methamphetamine bt hp php chuyn i mc 50% n 75%. [ 78 ] Hu ht cc phng php sn xut bt hp php lin quan n proton ca hydroxyl nhm trn ephedrine hoc pseudoephedrine phn t.Mc d hn h tr li s pht hin ca thuc, cc Nagai ng [ 79 ] khng tr thnh ph bin trong s cc nh sn xut bt hp php cho n khi ca. 1982, v bao gm 20% sn xut ti Michigan vo nm 2002 [ 80 ] N bao gm photpho v hydrogen iodide (cn c gi l axit hydroiodic hoc axit iohydroic). (The iodide hydro c thay th biit v nc trong "ng Moscow" [ 81 ] ) Cc iodide hydrogen c s dng lm gim hoc ephedrine hoc pseudoephedrine methamphetamine. [ 76 ] Vo nng tin thn l nhanh chng iodinatedbi iodide hydro to thnh iodoephedrine. Cc h tr pht pho trong

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodinatedhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-mappsd-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Inoue-81http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_iodidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_phosphorushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Michigan-80http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-79http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagai_Nagayoshihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxylhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protonationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-78http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoephedrinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ephedrinehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redoxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Makino-73http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Remberg-70http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrochloric_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formic_acidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methylformamidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-77http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levomethamphetaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racemichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-mappsd-76http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury_(element)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercuric_chloridehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DEA_list_of_chemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_Enforcement_Administrationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-75http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorcycle_gangshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-74http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexaminehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyl_iodidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methyl_iodidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammonium_chloridehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formaldehydehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitromethanehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_and_culture_of_substituted_amphetamines#cite_note-Makino-73http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzylchloride

bc th hai, bng cch tiu th iodine to thnh pht pho triioua (phn hy trong nc axit pht pho , ti to hydro iodide). Bi v hydrogen iodide tn ti trong mt trng thi cn bng ha hcvi iodine v hydro, phn ng pht pho lm dch chuyn cn bng s sn xut hydro khi it c tiu th. [ 82 ] c, cc nhm ti phm c bit n thay th "" pht pho vi mt trong hai axit hypophosphorous hoc pht pho axit (cc "tuyn ng Hypo"). [ 81 ] [ 83 ] [ 84 ]y l mt qu trnh c hi cho cc nh ha hc nghip d v phosphine kh, mt ph phm t ti ch sn xut hydro iodide, [ 85 ] l cc k c hi ht. Cc phn ng cng c th to ra chtc hi, d chy pht pho trng cht thi. [ 76 ] Methamphetamine sn xuttheo cch ny thng l hn 95% tinh khit. [ 86 ]

Cc tuyn ng Emde khi nim tng t lin quan n vic gim ephedrine chloroephedrine s dng thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 ), tip theo l xc tc hydro . Cc cht xc tc cho phn ng ny l palladium hoc bch kim . [ 70 ] [ 87 ] Cc tuyn ng Rosenmund cng s dng kh hydro v mt cht xc tc palladium c vi barium sulfate ( Rosenmund gim ), nhng s dng axit pecloric thay v thionyl clorua. [ 73 ]

Vic gim Birch , cng c gi l "phng php ca c Quc x", tr thnh ph bin trong nhng nm cui trung vo nhng nm 1990 v bao gm phn ln sn xut methamphetamine trong Michigan vo nm 2002. [ 80 ] N phn ng vi pseudoephedrine lng amoniac khan v mt kim loi kim nh natri hoc lithium . Cc phn ng c php ng cho n khi amoniac bc hi. [ 88 ] Tuy nhin, vic gim Birch l nguy him v cc kim loi kim v ammonia u phn ng rt mnh, v nhit ca dung dch amoniac lm cho n d si bng n khi cc cht phn ng c thm vo. N l phng php ph bin nht min Trung Ty tiu bang ca M v s sn sng ca phn bn amoniac lng cc vng nui. [ 76 ] [ 89 ]

Trong nhng nm gn y, mt n gin "Shake 'n Nng" tng hp mt ni tr nn ph bin hn. Phng php ny thch hp cho cc lhng nh nh vy m hn ch pseudoephedrine l km hiu qu, n s dng cc ha cht c d dng hn c c (mc d khng t nguy

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him hn so vi phng php truyn thng), v n l nh vy d dng thc hin mt s ngi nghin ma ty c thc hin trong khi li xe . [ 90 ] N bao gm vic t vin pseudoephedrine nghin nt vo mt container khng c p lc c cha amoni nitrat , nc v k nc dung mi nh Coleman nhin liu [ 91 ] hoc t cht lng bt u , m dung dch kim v lithium (t pin lithium ) c thm vo. Hydrogen clorua kh c sn xut bi mt phn ng ca mui vi axit sulfuric c s dng khi phc li cc tinh th tinh sch. Cc thng cha cn phi c "" nh k trnh tht bi di p lc tch ly, nh tip xc ca pin lithium khng kh c th gy ra mt m chy flash. [ 91 ] Cc lithium pin c th phn ng vi nc lm v mt chic container v c kh nng gy chy hoc n. [ 91 ]

Cc phng th nghim bt hp php [ sa ]

X l cht thi b li pha sau t mt phng th nghim methamphetamineTip xc ngn hn vi nng cao ca hi ha cht tn ti trong ch en cc phng th nghim methamphetamine c th gy ra vn sc khe nghim trng v t vong. [ 92 ] Tip xc vi nhng cht ny c th xy ra t kh thi d bay hi khng kh, trn, chy, n.[