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Undergraduate course, types, causes, signs of liver diseases in farm animals by Ali Sadiek fac. Vet. med. Assiut Univ.
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11Ali SadiekAli Sadiek
Diseases of the Liver in farmDiseases of the Liver in farmanimalsanimals
ByByDr. Ali H. SadiekDr. Ali H. Sadiek
Prof. of Internal Veterinary Medicine and Clinical Prof. of Internal Veterinary Medicine and Clinical Laboratory DiagnosisLaboratory Diagnosis
Dept. of Animal MedicineDept. of Animal MedicineFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
AssiutAssiut UniversityUniversity-- AssiutAssiut, EGYPT, EGYPT
EE--mail: [email protected]: [email protected]
Ali SadiekAli Sadiek 22
Function of liver
• Maintenance of normal blood sugar by providing the source as glycogen.
• Synthesis of some of the pl. proteins.
• The formation and excretion of bile salts and excretion of bile pigments.
• The formation of prothrombin.
• Detoxification and excretion of many toxic substances.
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Liver DiseasesLiver Diseases
• Primary diseases of the liveroccurs rarely in farm animalsexcept as a result of foodpoisonings and Fatty liver.
• Liver dis. occurs secondary togeneralized disease process or byspread from another organs e.g.Lung abscess, T.B. RVF, etc.
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Liver DiseasesLiver Diseases
Liver diseases either:
• Localised: T.B. Cysts, Abscess
• Diffused: Hepatitis or hepatosis.
• Inflammatory or Non Inflam.
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Signs of liver andSigns of liver and billiarybilliary diseasedisease
1- Jaundice
2- Nervous signs.
3- Edema.
4- Dig. Troubles (Diarrhea/constipation)
5- Photosensitization.
6- Hemorrhagic diathesis.
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Signs of liver andSigns of liver and billiarybilliary diseasedisease
7- Abd. Pain.
8- Change of Liver size.
9- Displacement of liver.
10- Rupture of liver.
11-Black liver in sheep.
12- Anorexia, vomition, emaciation,anemia
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JaundiceJaundice• It is a clinical sign in which yellowish
staining of tissues and membranes, especially elastic tissue.
• It is clinically detected clinically in the sclera & other visible m. m.
• It is often arises in diseases of the liver and billiary system and other disease e.g. hemolysis of RBCs or hemorrhage.
• It is classified as: Prehepatic, hepatic nad posthepatic jaundice.
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Classification of jaundice:Classification of jaundice:A) Pre-hepatic (Hemolytic Jaundice):
1- Bacterial toxins (Bacillary Hb urea and leptospirosis).
2- Babesia and Anaplasma.
3- Viruses (Equine anaemia virus).
4- Immunological reactions.
5- chronic copper toxicity.
6- Lead toxicity.
7- Onion posoning.
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Classification of jaundice:Classification of jaundice:B) Hepatic causes: (Hep. jaundice)
1-Toxic hepatitis (phosphorus, arsenic).
2-Infectious hepatitis (salmonell., leptosp., listeriosis and inf. Eq. anaemia ).
3-Parasitic hepatitis (Massive liver fluck. Migration of ascaris larvae).
4-Nutritional hepatitis (Deficiency of cystineand thiamine & Methionin deficiency
5-Congestive hepatitis.
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Classification of jaundice:Classification of jaundice:
C) Post hepatic causes: (Obstructive)
Obstruction of bile duct by :
• Calculi,
• Tumors
• Abscess.
• Fasciola
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Bottle jawBottle jaw
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Jaundice in a horse's oral mucosaJaundice in a horse's oral mucosa. .
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Numerous flukes of Numerous flukes of FasciolaFasciola hepatica observed in hepatica observed in the bile ducts and liver parenchyma of a cowthe bile ducts and liver parenchyma of a cow
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PhotosensitizationPhotosensitization
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Teats are "burned" and painful
Burned" muzzle, discharges from inflamed eyelids
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PhotosensitizationPhotosensitizationwhite of the eye" is yellow or icteric, an indication that liver
damage may be present
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Normal liver and fatty liverNormal liver and fatty liver
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Watery cysts in liverWatery cysts in liverHydatid cysts in bovine liver.
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Abdominal edema caused by liver disease
Multiple abscesses in the calf liver as a result of an umbilical
infection
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EchinococcosisEchinococcosis. . EE. . granulosusgranulosuscysts in the livercysts in the liver
parasitic lesion & mineralization sheep
liver
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Principals Treatment of liver diseasesPrincipals Treatment of liver diseases
1)Treat the original cause if it is known.2)In biliary congestion, give purgatives:
R (for horses) Aloes 18.00Calomel 4.00one bolus per os
R (for cattle)Magnesium sulphate 60.00 gmSodium bicarbonate 30.00 gmSodium citrate 10.00 gm
given orally as a drench in suffecientwater for 5 successive days.
.
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Principals Treatment of liver diseasesPrincipals Treatment of liver diseases3) Atropin sulphate i.m. (1/4 - 1/2 grain for the
horse and 0.001 - 0.002 grain for dogs) to dilate the bile duct .
4) Flush the liver with large quantities of glucose
5) Oral and parentral calcium injection.6) Multivitamins daily.7) Easily digest. laxative food (boiled linseed
and little fodder for horses and cattle & barley water for dogs).
8) Lipotrophic factors should be given as choline