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HEMP CONCRETE. Insulation plant. ERASMUS INTENSIVE PROGRAM 2010. PASSIVE HOUSE CONCEPT. Multi- Disciplinary International Project in Passive Design & Construction. 1 Hemp concrete, why? 1.1 Sustainable Development 1.2 Importance of energy-efficient buildings for the environment - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 1
HEMP CONCRETEInsulation plant
ERASMUS INTENSIVE PROGRAM 2010
PASSIVE HOUSE CONCEPT
Multi-Disciplinary International Project in Passive Design & Construction
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 2
Summary1 Hemp concrete, why?
1.1 Sustainable Development1.2 Importance of energy-efficient buildings for the environment
2 Hemp concrete2.1 Hemp2.2 Lime
3. The characteristics of hemp concrete (data TRADICAL®)3.1 Evolution of the mechanical characteristics3.2 Energy performance
4. Implementation4.1 Wall insulation: Wood frame4.2 Dubbing interior insulation: mineral media4.3 Moisture Coating: Inside/Outside4.4 Insulation covering : Soil and floor4.5 Roof Insulation
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 3
1. Hemp concrete, why?1.1 Sustainable Development
1961 1961 2009
humanity's accumulative ecological debt
Num
ber o
f Ear
th1
0.5
1.5
Throughout the nineteenth century, the concept of economic growth was based on economic criteria.
In 1970, it is estimated that man consumed each year more natural resources than the nature would regenerate.
In the same year, the concept of sustainable development appeared and became a significant factor.
In the late twentieth, the developed countries realized that their wealth was based on intensive use of natural resources and that this mode would not last.
=
wealth intensive use of natural resources
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 4
The concept of sustainable development was defined in 1987 by the World Commission on Environment and Development:
"development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.“
The three pillars of sustainable development
EconomySociety
Environment
Sustainable development implies economic growth together with the protection of environmental quality.
This form of development is a stable relationship between human activities and the natural world, which does not reduce the prospects for future generations to enjoy a life quality at least as good as our own.
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 5
1.2 Importance of energy-efficient buildingsIn the context of sustainable development, the construction, representing for 30% to 40% of global consumption of energy, plays a significant role.
It is urgent to reduce the impact of buildings on the environment and to make buildings more energy-efficient:
Significantly reduce the energy consumption of buildings and improve energy-efficiency
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 6
In the fight against global warming, you must develop new resources that have an ecological, social and economic interest .
Among these new resources, materials derived from plants are increasingly used in the buildings due to their considerable strengths.
The hemp concrete combines the hemp qualities and lime qualities. Knowledge of these two products enables the implementation of hemp concrete and optimize its performance.
Hemp Flax Jute
Ramie Kenaf Bamboo
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 7
2. Hemp concrete
+
Hemp
Pure limestone
Hemp shives
Lime(slaked-lime)
Hemp concrete !
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 8
2.1 HempRobust plant that can quickly produce large quantities of material
Its culture is very respectful for the environment • little or no pesticides • no fertilizers• little water ...
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 9
Hemp cultivation
Reims
In France
Plant cycle Harvest
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 10
2.1.1 Hemp fiber
In a cross section of hemp stalk, one notices that the thick-walled cells at the periphery: they are fibers.
They serve to keep the right plant for its growth, and are the backbone.
When the hemp is mature, the dried fibers represent approximately 35% of the weight.
They are used for making paper pulp and for the manufacture of wool insulation.
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 11
2.1.2 Hemp shivesThe hemp shives are the central part of the hemp stalk. It’s the wood of the hemp stalk.
It represents 45% of the weight of dried hemp.
The hemp shives are in the form of aggregates.
The hemp shives particles have a very low density and are very efficient in thermal and sound insulation.
For building applications, the hemp shives are sifted and sorted to obtain the desired size.
They are used for making mortars and light-weighted concrete insulation
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 12
2.2 Lime2.2.1 DefinitionThe lime comes from cooking of the purest limestone up to 900 ° C .
It is a healthy material for natural buildings
• Foundation• Mortar• Waterproofing• Masonry
limestone
Hemp concrete
2.2.2 The Limestone Life-Cycle
13
LimestoneCalcium
Carbonate(CaO3)
QuicklimeCalcium Oxyde
(CaO)
Slaked limeCalcium
Hydroxide Ca(OH)2
Fresh mortar
Water (H2O) evaporation when dryingSurface is exposed to Carbone dioxyde and uses (CO2)CARBONATION
Adding Sand and Water
AddedWater (H2O)
ExtractCarbon dioxyde (C02)
Water (H20)
CALCINATION(Burn at 900°C)
SLAKING AGED ADDING MINERALS
APPILCATION
powder
A limestonequarry extraction
blast furnace
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 14
3. The characteristics of hemp concrete (data TRADICAL®)3.1 Evolution of the mechanical characteristics3.1.1 Durability• The new hemp concrete have a very good cohesion and very low density (<500kg/m3).• He had good results with freeze-thaw tests.
NHL2 NHL 3,5 NHL Z5 Tradical PF70
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
num
ber o
f cyc
lesHemp concrete made with pure hydraulic
binders (NHL) does not resist more than 2 cycles.
The hemp concrete TRADICAL® resists 20 cycles. (This result is comparable only to pure limestone!)
0
°C
t
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 15
3.1.2 Compressive strength
• The tests on hemp concrete made with natural hydraulic lime NHL does not exceed the compressive strength, (0.46 MPa).• The hemp concrete Tradical® resists to 1.46 MPa.
NHL2 NHL 3,5 NHL Z5 Tradical PF70
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
MPa
90
days
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN
3.2 Energy performance3.2.1 Hemp concrete and RT 2005
16
•The thermal transmittance of a wall is rated “U”.
It characterizes the amount of heat passing through a wall, per unit time per unit area and unit temperature difference between the atmospheres located on both sides of the wall.
The heat transfer coefficient expressed in W / m² K is the inverse of thermal resistance (R) of the wall. If its value is low, the construction will be well insulated.
• 26 cm concrete hemp Tradical ® provides a heat transfer coefficient U=0.38 W/m2.K, compatible with the existing thermal regulation RT 2005.
heat
Inside Outside
U=0.38 W/m2.K
Hemp Concrete220 kg/m3
26 cm
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 17
• Compared to other common materials with similar thermal resistance, “embodied energy” requirements for the manufacture of 1m2 hemp concrete wall are low.
(“Embodied energy” is the sum of all the energy needed to produce, use and recycling materials for industrial products)
Hemp c
oncre
teTrad
ical®
(26 c
m)
Terrac
otta (
37 cm
)
Concre
te blo
ck+P
SE
Cellula
r con
crete
(30 cm
)0
0.600000000000001
1.2
1.8
2.4
32.36 2.5 2.36 2.5
Ther
mal
esi
stan
ce (R
)
Hemp c
oncre
teTrad
ical®
(26 c
m)
Terrac
otta (
37 cm
)
Concre
te blo
ck+P
SE
Cellula
r con
crete
(30 cm
)0
1.22.43.64.8
67.28.49.6
10.812
3.94
11.69
6.365.6
Embo
died
ene
rgy
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 18
3.2.2 Hemp concrete and RT 2010
chaleur
Inside Outside
U=0.2 W/m2.K
Hemp Concrete110 kg/m3
220 kg/m3
26 cm
To be consistent with the thermal regulation in 2010, the building walls must have a heat transfer coefficient U of the order of 0.2 W/m2.K.
By varying the composition of hemp concrete can reach these values without much increase of the wall thickness.
5 cm5 cm
Hemp concrete
3.2.3 Hemp concrete = Negative Carbon
Alexandre GACOIN 19
Like all plants, hemp uses carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air for growth. One hectare of hemp can use 15 tons of CO2 before its maturity.
300 round trips between Paris and London by plane!
The impact "Greenhouse Effect" of hemp concrete is -0.35 kg of CO2 while most materials emit CO2 0.50 kg or more ...
Negative Carbon Hemp Walls are 7 times Stronger than Concrete
Hemp c
oncre
teTrad
ical®
(26..
.
Terrac
otta (
37 cm
)
Concre
te blo
ck+P
SE
Cellula
r con
crete
(30 cm
)
-0.4-0.2
00.20.40.60.8
11.21.41.6
-0.35
1.47
0.49 0.5225kg C
O2
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 20
4. Implementation4.1 Wall insulation: Wood frame
Water Lime putty Boon
+
+
=200 L Hemp concrete
60 à 70 L 44 kg 200 L
Composition to be determined 220 kg/m3
Density 330 kg/m3
Thermal conductivity λ = 0,085 W/m.kCompressive strength at 90 days 0,9 MPa
Characteristics
Hemp shivesAir lime
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 21
4.2 Dubbing interior insulation: mineral media
Dubbing insulation de 5 à 20 cm
Finish Coating
Rough-cast= + +60 L sand
Water Lime putty Boon
+
+
=200 L Hemp concrete
80 à 100 L 66 kg 200 L
Dubbing insulation de 5 à 20 cm
Finish Coating
Rough-cast= + +60 L sand
Mortar to be determined 330 kg/m3
Density 440 kg/m3
Thermal conductivity λ = 0,107 W/m.k
Dubbing insulation de 5 à 20 cm
Finish Coating
Rough-cast= + +60 L sand
Hemp shivesAir lime
From 5 to 20 cm
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4.3 Moisture Coating: Inside/Outside
Coating
Rough-cast = + +60 L sable
Coating
Water Lime putty Boon
+
+
=200 L Hemp concrete
110 L 165 kg 200 L
Dosage 825 kg/m3
Density 935 kg/m3
Thermal conductivity λ = 0,19 W/m.k
Dubbing insulation de 5 à 20 cm
F inish Coating
Rough-cast= + +6 0 L sand
Hemp shivesAir lime
sand
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 23
Water Lime putty Boon
+
+
=200 L Hemp concrete
_80 à 100 L 55 kg 200 L
Air lime
4.4 Insulation covering : Soil and floor
Hemp shives
275 kg/m3
385 kg/m3
λ = 0,096 W/m.k
1,1 MPa
Composition to be determined
Density
Thermal conductivity
Compressive strength at 90 days
Terracotta tile on hemp concrete floorWooden floor on hemp concrete
Hemp floors on wooden boards
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 24
4.5 Roof Insulation
Water Lime putty Boon
+
+
=200 L Hemp concrete
40 à 50 L 22 kg 200 L Mortar to be determined 110 kg/m3
Density 220 kg/m3
Thermal conductivity λ = 0,06 W/m.k
Hemp shivesAir lime
Hemp concrete
Alexandre GACOIN 25
Thanks for your attention