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manuscript submitted to Geophysical Research Letters
Supporting Information for“Hemispheric asymmetry of tropical expansion under CO2 forc-ing”
O. Watt-Meyer1, D. M. W. Frierson1, and Q. Fu1
1Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington
Contents
1. Table S1
2. Figure S1
3. Figure S2
4. Figure S3
5. Figure S4
6. Figure S5
Table S1. Models from which output is used in this study. The second column shows the mod-
els that performed the piControl, abrupt4xCO2 and 1pctCO2 experiments. The third column
shows the models that performed the amip, amip4xCO2, amip4K and amipFuture experiments.
piControl, 1pctCO2, amip, amip4xCO2,abrupt4xCO2 amip4K, amipFuture
Modeling center Model name Model name
CSIRO-BOM ACCESS1-0 -CCCMA CanESM2 CanAM4NCAR CCSM4 -
CNRM-CERFACS CNRM-CM5-2 CNRM-CM5CSIRO-QCCCE CSIRO-Mk3-6-0 -CSIRO-QCCCE CSIRO-Mk3L-1-2 -NASA-GISS GISS-E2-H -
MOHC HadGEM2-ES HadGEM2-AINM inmcm4 -IPSL IPSL-CM5A-LR IPSL-CM5A-LRIPSL - IPSL-CM5B-LRIPSL IPSL-CM5A-MR -
MIROC MIROC5 MIROC5MPI-M - MPI-ESM-LRMPI-M MPI-ESM-MR MPI-ESM-MRMPI-M MPI-ESM-P -MRI MRI-CGCM3 MRI-CGCM3NCC NorESM1-M -
# of models 16 9
Corresponding author: O. Watt-Meyer, [email protected]
–1–
manuscript submitted to Geophysical Research Letters
SH/NHAnnual
SH/NHDJF
SH/NHMAM
SH/NHJJA
SH/NHSON
−5.0
−2.5
0.0
2.5
Poleward
shift[∘]
a) Ψ500
SH/NHAnnual
SH/NHDJF
SH/NHMAM
SH/NHJJA
SH/NHSON
−5.0
−2.5
0.0
2.5
b) ∫Ψdp
SH/NHAnnual
SH/NHDJF
SH/NHMAM
SH/NHJJA
SH/NHSON
−2
0
2
4
Poleward
shift[∘]
c) Usfc
SH/NHAnnual
SH/NHDJF
SH/NHMAM
SH/NHJJA
SH/NHSON
−10
−5
0
5d) P-E=0
Hadley cell expansion in each hemisphere, abrupt4xCO2 - piControl
Figure S1. Box plots of the difference in various circulation diagnostics between the
abrupt4xCO2 experiment (averaged over years 100 to 150) and the piControl experiment.
Data are shown for the annual mean and each season separately, as well as for the Southern
Hemisphere (SH) and Northern Hemisphere (NH) separately. The four diagnostics are (a) zero-
crossing of the 500 hPa mass streamfunction, (b) zero-crossing of the vertically integarated mass
streamfunction, (c) zero-crossing of the zonal-mean surface zonal wind and (d) zero-crossing of
zonally averaged precipitation minus evaporation. Horizontal orange lines are median, boxes
shows the interquartile spread and whiskers show the full range of data except outliers, which are
marked by the individual circles.
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manuscript submitted to Geophysical Research Letters
Annual DJF MAM JJA SON
−2
0
2
4
6
8SHminusNHshift[∘]
a) Ψ500
Annual DJF MAM JJA SON
−2
0
2
4
6
8b) ∫Ψdp
Annual DJF MAM JJA SON
−2
0
2
4
6
8
SHminusNHshift[∘]
c) Usfc
Annual DJF MAM JJA SON
−2
0
2
4
6
8d) P-E=0
Asymmetry of Hadley cell expansion, abrupt4xCO2 - piControl
Figure S2. As in Fig. S1, but for the difference between the response in the Southern Hemi-
sphere and in the Northern Hemisphere. Positive numbers imply a greater expansion in the
Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere.
Figure S3. Difference in surface temperature between years 100 to 150 of the abrupt4xCO2
experiment and the piControl experiment, averaged across the sixteen models listed in the second
column of Table S1.
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manuscript submitted to Geophysical Research Letters
Figure S4. Difference in surface temperature between amip4K and amip experiments, aver-
aged across the nine models listed in the third column on Table S1. c2
Figure S5. Difference in surface temperature between amipFuture and amip experiments,
averaged across the nine models listed in the third column of Table S1. c4
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