Electricity – History and Affection

Hee Joong KimSunghun JunSaebom KimSeung Jae You

Definition of Electricity

Electricity is the movement of electrons between the atoms that are either posi-tively or negatively charged. An atom that loses electrons has positive

charge An atom that gains electrons have negative

charge

Also defined as a variety of phenomena resulting from the presence and flow of electric charge

Discovery of Electricity

Thales of Miletus (630-550 BC) The first to acknowledge that the amber stone

when rubbed produces an attraction force over some object

William Gilbert (17th century) Studied phenomena of electricity and magnetism,

and distinguished between the electric effect of amber and magnetic effect of lodestone

Gave name ‘electricus’ to the phenomena of at-traction shown by amber▪ Rise to the modern word of electricity

Cont.

Benjamin Franklin (18th century) Known as the father of electricity

Kite experiment Performed experiment of flying a kite

during a thunderstorm Discovered that lightning and electricity

were somehow related

Cont.

Alessandro Volta Constructed the first device to produce a

steady electricity, voltaic pile (electric bat-tery).▪ Positive and negative charged connectors created

transmission of electricity.

Michael Faraday Created the electric dynamo, a precursor of

modern power generators Opened the door to the new era of electricity

Nikola Tesla Developed the first actual power system Developed florescent lights and publi-

cally used it prior to Ericson’s invention of the incandescent light

Types of Electricity

Static Electricity A condition that exists when electrons

are displaced and remain Usually result of friction, such as light-

ning bulb

Current Electricity A constant flow of electrons from atom

to atom

Life Before Electricity

Historic View Perceived electricity as the power of the

Gods Ex: Certain species of eels and rays,

possess the defensive power to generate electric shocks and ancient people thought these shocks could cure headache or gout.▪ They did not, however, use the term ‘electric-

ity’ for what they were experiencing.

Cont.

Housing System Enlighten rooms with kerosene lamps in-

stead of stands or incandescent lights, and heated up the rooms with wood or coal stoves instead of electric heater.

Transportation Transportations such as car and train could

not be produced due to lack of electricity. People had to travel by walk or carriage.

Cont.

Telecommunication Used smoke or fire to deliver urgent news or

location

Economy Raised horses and cows for economic activity Increased traveling time by riding carriage or

horse Poor quality of life with lack of technology and

electricity

Types of Electricity Produc-tion

Thermoelectric Power Generator

Hydroelectric Power Generation

Nuclear Power Plants

Thermoelectric Power Gen-erator

1. Power plant gather to heat up water

2. Vapors water3. The water goes

into a big tube that travels to turbine

4. Spins a magnet inside the genera-tor to make elec-tric force

Hydroelectric Power Genera-tion

1. Generated by the force of falling water

2. Water flows through a dam and turns a tur-bine, which turns a generator▪ Turbines contain metal

coils surrounded by magnets that spin over the metal coils, which produces electricity

Nuclear Power Plants

Cont.

Steam power plant that is fueled by a ra-dioactive element such as uranium. 1. The fuel is placed in a reactor and the indi-

vidual atoms are allowed to split apart.2. The splitting process releases great amounts

of energy that is used to heat water until it turns to steam.

3. The mechanics of a steam power plant take over that it pushes on turbines, which force coils of wire to interact with a magnetic field to produce an electricity

Impact on the Society

Entertainment Enable us to watch television, listen radio

and music, and use electric devices such as cell phone and personal computer

Comfort Help housework with washing machine,

vacuum cleaner, microwave, etc. Enable us to read or work at night as

bright as noon time

Cont.

Information System Usage of cell phone or internet with electricity

base enable us to get new information faster than any other time

Ex: Stock market, international telephone ser-vice

Medical Service Enable us to use x-ray, CT scan, MRI, CPR de-

vice etc. Provide better surgery with modern technology

Cont.

Sewage Treatment Remove contaminants from wastewaters and

household sewage with chemical, biological and physical methods based on electricity usage

Industrialization Promoted heavy industries and massive pro-

duction Decreased time cost and labor forces with

developed technology and electricity

Usage of Electricity

Sound The electrical interaction will create a

force that move electrons in and out to-gether, which creates a sound wave

Speed of moving in and out is the fre-quency of the sound, or pitch, and the amount of the cone movement is the amplitude of the sound, or volume

Ex: Speaker

Cont.

Light Electrical energy into the metal flows into

the circuit such as light bulb In circuit, amount energy was delivered

these electrons pass along the filament

Heat The resistance of electrons flowing

through conductors produce heat energy Ex: Electric stove, electric pad, iron

References

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity http://wiki.answers.com/Q/Who_discov

ered_electricity http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/c

hapter02.html http://www.scienceandinventions.com/

2010/06/20/who-discovered-electricity/

http://www.eskimo.com/~billb/miscon/curstat.htmlc

http://learningscience.org/psc1clightheatelectricitymagnetism.htm

http://www.geography-site.co.uk/pages/environ/electricity.html

Cont.

http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4621693_electricity-light-up-bulb.html.

http://library.thinkquest.org/5217/produce.htm http://

www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2005/07/68074?currentPage=all

http://riversfromeden.wordpress.com/2011/08/18/electricity-in-the-ancient-world/

http://www.duke-energy.com/about-energy/generating-electricity/nuclear-how.asp

http://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/energy/hydropower-plant1.htm