Heartsaver AEDHeartsaver AEDfor the Lay Rescuer andfor the Lay Rescuer and

First ResponderFirst Responder

©1998 American Heart Association1998 American Heart Association

Extent of the ProblemExtent of the Problem

1.1 million heart attacks1.1 million heart attacks 480,000 deaths due to480,000 deaths due to

coronary heart diseasecoronary heart disease 250,000 prehospital 250,000 prehospital

cardiac arrestscardiac arrests

Chain of SurvivalChain of Survival

EarlyEarly Early Early Early Early Early Early Access Access CPR Defibrillation Advanced CPR Defibrillation Advanced Care Care

Recognize Emergency Recognize Emergency and Call 911and Call 911

Airway obstructionAirway obstruction– Universal distress signal, blue skinUniversal distress signal, blue skin

Respiratory arrestRespiratory arrest– Not breathing but has pulseNot breathing but has pulse

Cardiac arrestCardiac arrest– Not breathing and no pulseNot breathing and no pulse

Activate EMSActivate EMS

Know your local EMS numberKnow your local EMS number Give the location of callGive the location of call Telephone number Telephone number The nature of the emergencyThe nature of the emergency Advise that AED is on the sceneAdvise that AED is on the scene Don’t hang up until dispatcher Don’t hang up until dispatcher

advisesadvises

Signs of Cardiac ArrestSigns of Cardiac Arrest

UnresponsiveUnresponsive Not breathingNot breathing No pulseNo pulse

AEDs and AEDs and Ventricular FibrillationVentricular Fibrillation

VF is the most frequent initial rhythm in sudden VF is the most frequent initial rhythm in sudden cardiac arrestcardiac arrest

VF is a useless quivering of the heart that results VF is a useless quivering of the heart that results in no blood flowin no blood flow

Defibrillation is the only Defibrillation is the only effective treatment for VFeffective treatment for VF

Successful electrical Successful electrical defibrillation diminishes defibrillation diminishes rapidly over timerapidly over time

Time and AEDsTime and AEDs

Approximately 50% survival after 5 minutesApproximately 50% survival after 5 minutes Survival reduced by 7% to 10% each minuteSurvival reduced by 7% to 10% each minute Rapid defibrillation Rapid defibrillation

is keyis key CPR helps extend CPR helps extend

survival timesurvival time

0

20

40

60

80

100

1 3 6 10

Survival

minutes

Priorities and the AEDPriorities and the AED

AA – Airway – Airway

BB – Breathing – Breathing

CC – Circulation – Circulation

DD – Defibrillation – Defibrillation

AEDs and PersonnelAEDs and Personnel One rescuerOne rescuer

– Unresponsiveness – Unresponsiveness – Call 911 – Get the AEDCall 911 – Get the AED

– Assess Breathing/PulseAssess Breathing/Pulse– Attach AEDAttach AED

Two rescuersTwo rescuers– #1 – Call 911/Perform CPR#1 – Call 911/Perform CPR– #2 – Attach AED#2 – Attach AED

More than two rescuersMore than two rescuers– #1 – Call 911 #1 – Call 911 – #2 – Attach AED#2 – Attach AED– #3 – Perform CPR#3 – Perform CPR

Special ConsiderationsSpecial Considerations Is victim lying in water?Is victim lying in water? Is victim less than Is victim less than

8 years old? 8 years old? Is victim wearing a Is victim wearing a

transdermal medication transdermal medication patch on his or her chest?patch on his or her chest?

Does victim have a Does victim have a pacemaker or implanted pacemaker or implanted defibrillator? defibrillator?

Operation of AEDOperation of AED

POWER ON POWER ON the AEDthe AED

ATTACH padsATTACH pads ANALYZE rhythmANALYZE rhythm SHOCK (if advised)SHOCK (if advised)

Electrode Pad Electrode Pad PlacementPlacement

Right electrode padRight electrode pad– To the right of the To the right of the

breastbonebreastbone

– Below the collarboneBelow the collarboneabove the right nippleabove the right nipple

Left electrode padLeft electrode pad– Outside the left nipple, Outside the left nipple,

upper edge of the pad upper edge of the pad several inches below several inches below the left armpitthe left armpit

Effective Adherence of Effective Adherence of PadsPads

Sweaty chestSweaty chest– Dry with a towelDry with a towel– Do not use alcoholDo not use alcohol

Hairy chestHairy chest– Shaving may be Shaving may be

neededneeded

AED SafetyAED Safety No patient contact during No patient contact during

analysis and shockanalysis and shock Warn bystanders:Warn bystanders:

– ““I’m clear” I’m clear” – ““You’re clear” You’re clear” – ““Everybody’s clear”Everybody’s clear”

Perform a visual Perform a visual inspectioninspection

Press to shockPress to shock