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Health Promoting School: Hints for Prevention 健康促進學校防患未然小錦囊. Professor Albert Lee Director of Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion Professor (Head of Family Medicine) Department of Community and Family Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Health Promoting School: Hints for PreventionHealth Promoting School: Hints for Prevention健康促進學校健康促進學校 防患未然小錦囊防患未然小錦囊
Professor Albert LeeDirector of Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion
Professor (Head of Family Medicine) Department of Community and Family Medicine
The Chinese University of Hong KongHonorary Consultant of Family Medicine
李大拔教授香港中文大學醫學院健康教育及促進健康中心主任
香港中文大學醫學院社區及家庭醫學系教授 ( 家庭醫學主管 )
家庭醫學榮譽顧問
課程改革有哪七個學習宗旨?
其中包括
- 健康生活方式- 責任感資料來源:課程發展處教育統籌局
Why is it Important to Promote Health at Schools?Why is it Important to Promote Health at Schools?
為何在校推廣健康是如此的重要為何在校推廣健康是如此的重要 ?? Health Status Learning Outcomes
健康狀況 學習成效
Both health and education are linked to the economic performance and social cohesion of modern industrialized society
在現代化的城市裏,健康及教育均與經濟成就和社會團結有莫大關係
Substantial evidence indicates that health is a major fSubstantial evidence indicates that health is a major factor affecting the learning capacity of a personactor affecting the learning capacity of a person
不少証據顯示,健康是影響人們不少証據顯示,健康是影響人們學習能力的主要因素學習能力的主要因素
(WHO, 1997; Ziglio, 1997; Lavin et al., 1992; World Bank, 1993; WHO, 1995)
In line with Curriculum ReformIn line with Curriculum Reform配合課程改革
Enable students to develop healthy living model
確立學生的健康生活模式
Promote self esteem
提升自信
Cultivate correct values and concepts of life
培養正確的價值觀
In line with Health Care reformIn line with Health Care reform配合醫護改革配合醫護改革
Strengthen the implementation of preventive medicine
加強預防醫學的實踐與推行
Empower the concept and skills of self help and self care.
增加自我照護的概念及技巧
There has not been any new case of SARS reported in Hong Kong since June 2003 but we have to prepare on the assumption that this will return.
自從 2003 年 6 月,本港雖再沒有 SARS新症,然而我們須嚴陣以待,假設它會回來。
Timely issue: will SARS come back?最新話題︰ SARS 會回來嗎?
Related websites 相關網站
Checklist of measures to combat SARS www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/200309/22checklist-e.pdf
www.info.gov.hk/info/sars/e_profession.htm www.who.int/csr/sars/en/index.html
構成傳染病的 〝 三種 〞要素傳染原 (Infections Agent)
↓ 傳染途徑 (Mode of spread)
易受病者 (Susceptible host )
切斷 這三種要素之間任何二者的關係,便能控制傳染病的傳播
Infectious prevention and control in school學校傳染病預防及控制的方法
Norwalk-like Viruses
In developed countries, acute diarrheal illness remains an important cause of morbidity among both children and adults
在已發展的國家,由急性肚瀉帶來的身體不適是引致兒童和成人發病的主要因素
Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis 病毒性腸胃炎 病毒性腸胃炎
Two distinct groups of viruses – the rotaviruses and the enteric caliciviruses, such as Norwalk virus – as well as a variety of bacterial pathogens have emerged as important etiologic agents of gastroenteritis
包括兩類明顯的病毒– 1) 輪狀病毒和 2) Enteric caliciviruses, 例如:諾沃克病毒 –和不同種
類的細菌病原體皆顯露出是腸胃炎的主要致病原
Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis 病毒性腸胃炎 病毒性腸胃炎
Rotavirus infection occurs worldwide
By the age of 3 years, virtually every individual ha
s been infected by rotaviruses at least once
輪狀病毒感染可以是全球性發生 由三歲開始 , 事實上每個人皆有致少感染過一
次輪狀病毒的可能性
Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis 病毒性腸胃炎 病毒性腸胃炎
In areas with a temperate climate, rotavirus infection is seasonal, occurring in the cooler winter months
於溫帶地區,輪狀病毒感染是季節性發生,和多出現於較寒冷的冬季
Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis 病毒性腸胃炎 病毒性腸胃炎
The majority of rotavirus infections are subclinical or cause mild gastrointestinal illness that do not require hospitalization
The onset of illness is usually abrupt 大多數的輪狀病毒感染都沒有臨床症狀,或會
引致溫和的腸胃炎不適,而不需要住院治療 通常是突發性病發
Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis 病毒性腸胃炎 病毒性腸胃炎
More than 80 percent of affected children develop vomiting followed by diarrhea
About one-third of hospitalized children have a temperature of greater than 39°C (102.2°F)
多過八成的受感染兒童會出現嘔吐過後接著是肚瀉的症狀
大概有三分之一的住院兒童會出現發燒大過 39°C (102.2°F) 的情況
Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis 病毒性腸胃炎 病毒性腸胃炎
Gastrointestinal symptoms usually last between 2 and 6 days
Immunity is not complete 腸胃炎症狀一般維持 2 至 6 日 暫時未有疫苗注射
Viral Gastroenteritis Viral Gastroenteritis 病毒性腸胃炎 病毒性腸胃炎
Norwalk infection occurs year-round and is common
More than 70 percent of adults in both developed and
less developed countries have antibodies to this virus
諾沃克病毒感染是普遍和每年皆發生 於已發展和將近發展的國家中,多過七成的成人
對此病毒已有抗體
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
Antibody acquisition occurs at a younger age amo
ng children in less developed countries than amon
g those in developed areas
於將近發展國家的年幼兒童比起已發展國家的年幼兒童較容易產生抗體
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
Norwalk virus is spread by the fecal-oral route In developed countries, the virus is responsible for o
ne-third of all epidemics of nonbacterial gastroenteritis
諾沃克病毒的傳播媒介是經口或糞便 在已發展國家中,此病毒佔有全部非細菌性腸胃
炎爆發的三分之一
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
The virus is a common cause of waterborne epidemics of gastroenteritis and has been shown to be the etiologic agent in nursing home, cruise ship, and institutional (summer camp and school) outbreaks
此病毒正是導致經由飲水而感染腸胃炎的主要原因 而且,當腸胃炎發生在家居護理、遊輪及公共團體
時 ( 如夏令營和學校 ) ,皆顯示出此病毒便是致病原
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
Norwalk illness has an incubation period of between 18 and 72 h.
Disease is characterized by the abrupt onset of nausea and abdominal cramps followed by vomiting and/or diarrhea
諾沃克病毒疾病的潛伏期為 18 至 72小時 其發病的特色主要是突發性的作嘔、腹痛、接著是嘔吐
和 / 或肚瀉
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
Vomiting is reported more frequently for children th
an for adults
Low-grade fever [above 37.5°C (99.5°F)] develops i
n about half of affected individuals
報告指出,兒童出現嘔吐的情況比成人多 低溫發燒 [ 大概 37.5°C (99.5°F)] 出現於過半數
的受感染者
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
Headache, myalgias, and abdominal pain are common
The illness is usually mild and self-limited, lasting 24 to 48 h.
一般症狀包括:頭痛、肌痛和腹痛 此疾病通常是溫和和自限的,維持 24 至 48小
時
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
Most people do not develop long-term resistance
多數人沒有產生長期抗性
Norwalk-like viruses Norwalk-like viruses 諾沃克類病毒諾沃克類病毒
Reference 相關資訊
衛生署熱線︰ 2961 8966
教統局︰預防傳染病在學校擴散 http://www.emb.gov.hk/circular/data/embcm/EMBCM03310C.pdf
衛生署:預防病毒性腸胃炎 http://www.emb.gov.hk/mailattach/SchoolGE_C.pdf
衛生署:學校預防傳染病指引 http://www.info.gov.hk/dh/diseases/guide-c.htm
衛生署:病毒性腸胃炎討論會簡報 http://www.emb.gov.hk/EDNEWHP/resource/viral_gastroenteritis/Chinese/download/vgs.ppt
衛生署:諾沃克類病毒感染 http://www.info.gov.hk/dh/diseases/CD/Norwalkc.htm
衛生署:預防傳染病資訊集 http://www.info.gov.hk/dh/diseases/CD/CD_indexc.html
食環署:諾沃克類病毒知多少? http://www.fehd.gov.hk/safefood/library/norwalk/norwalkc.html
Reference 相關資訊
Health Promotion (by WHO)世界衛生組織將健康促進定義為 The process of enabling people to increase control ove
r, and to improve their health增強人們掌控及改善自己健康的能力
To ensure sustained positive changes 確保能持續地作出正面的改善 To address the interwined social, educational, psychol
ogical, and health needs of school children 配合學童在社會、教育、心理和健康上的多種需要
Health Promoting SchoolsHealth Promoting Schools健康促進學校健康促進學校
Hong Kong Healthy Schools Award Scheme香港健康學校獎勵計劃
The Hong Kong Subsidized Secondary Schools Council香港津貼中學議會
the Subsidized Primary Schools Council
津貼小學議會
World Health Organisation世界衛生組織
the Hong Kong Special Schools Council香港特殊學校議會
the Centre for Health Education and Health Promotion
of the Faculty of Medicine of The CUHK
香港中文大學醫學院健康教育及促進健康中心
Education and Manpower Bureau教育統籌局
Health Promotion Programmes needing Health Promotion Programmes needing support from ussupport from us 健康推廣計劃需要大家的支持健康推廣計劃需要大家的支持
http://www.hkedcity.net/project/cuhk_sars/
http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/med/hep/hygiene_charter/hygiene_charter.htm
http://www.cuhk.edu.hk/med/hep/hygiene_charter/movie/movie.html
TEAM CLEAN objectives 全城清潔策劃小組目標 a Pledge Day to act in each September 每年九月舉行「承諾日」
Thank you!