Health Monitoring of StructuresHealth Monitoring of Structures

&&

Related Training Needs ofRelated Training Needs of

EngineersEngineers

Aftab Mufti

Scientific Director and President

Presented at CSHM2 ’08 Sicily, Italy

EngineersEngineers

SHM Presentation

SHM Assists Civil Structural Engineer to:

1. Innovate Structural Systems and Components

2. Integrate Different activities2. Integrate Different activities

3. Allow Intellectually Rewarding Structural

Engineering Education

ISIS Mandate

• The mandate of ISIS Canada

– is to revolutionize the design

– and construction– and construction

– of civil engineering structures

• So structures will last 100 years+100 years+ instead of 50 years

Mandate Realization

• We do this through

– Fibre Reinforced Polymers - FRPs

– Fibre Optic Sensors - FOSs– Fibre Optic Sensors - FOSs

– Structural Health Monitoring - SHM

– Innovative design and rehabilitation concepts

Dr. Man-Chung Tang, Chair of the Board, T.Y.Lin International

ASCE/SEI Workshop, Washington DC. Feb. 2008

Dr. Man-Chung Tang, Chair of the Board, T.Y.Lin International

Elbe Bridge – Germany - 1936

Aero-Engineering & Avionics

Aircraft BridgesTime

1900+

1950+

Bridge Structural Engineering

Salmon River Bridge – Canada - 1995

Portage Creek Bridge –Canada – 1983

1950+

2000

Avionics & Aero-Engineering

Space Shuttle Discovery - 2005

The Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow - 1957

Civionics + Bridge Structural

Engineering

Components of an SHM System

Components of an SHM System

Monitored Structure

System Components Schematic

Sensors

(various

types)

DA system

(on-site)

Communication System

(e.g. internet)

Data processing

(automatically by

computer)

Data Storage

(hard discs or CD archives)

Diagnostics

Data retrieval

(and decision

making)

Performance of a Structure

Analysis and Design

ConstructionOperation and Maintenance

In-service - lifetime In-service - lifetime

Performance

Structural Health Monitoring

Concorde Bridge Failure - Quebec

Comments on Future of SHM

• Tool to address uncertainty in performance of field structures

– New materials and innovative designs

– Highly variable loads (trucks, wind, snow,

earthquakes)

– Extreme hazards and post-event– Extreme hazards and post-event

– Deterioration rate

– Fatigue

– Risk during construction or renovation

• Provide quantitative data to support bridge management

P

T T

C C

Arching Action Action in Externally Confined Decks

T T

Steel Free Bridge Deck Concept

Comparison of Steel Free and RC Bridge Deck

Field Assessment Results

1.5

2.0

Load Distribution FactorsTruck in South Lane

Lo

ad

Dis

trib

uti

on

Facto

r

Load Sharing0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

1 2 3 4 5 6Girder Location

Measured

FEAL

oad

Dis

trib

uti

on

Facto

r

Current SHM & Transportation Information Systems

Located Around the Perimeter Highway

& Associated Routes

LEGEND:

AVC (Automatic Vehicle Classification)

PCS (Piezoelectric Counting Station)

WIM/AVC Weigh in Motion / Automatic

Vehicle Classification

Red River Bridge –Red River Bridge –

North Perimeter

Red River Bridge –

South Perimeter

Pavement &

FRP Dowels

Monitoring

A large truck on the Red River North Bridge captured by the web cameraA large truck on the Red River North Bridge captured by the web camera

Web Camera

LAYOUT OF THE BRIDGE

(Westbound traffic)

LANE I

LANE II

Girder 1

Girder 2

N

PASSING LANE

NORMAL LANE

FLOW OF TRAFFIC

Girder 3

Girder 4

Girder 5

ACCELERATINGLANE

SENSORS ON THE GIRDERS

East Bound

Traffic

West Bound

Traffic

Cross-section at 3 meters from center-line of bearing of span No. 10

• ESG 5 ESG 4 • ESG 3 • ESG 2 ESG1• •

East Bound

Traffic

West Bound

Traffic

Cross-section at mid span of span No. 10

• ESG 15 ESG 13 • ESG 10 • ESG 9 ESG 7• •

• ESG 14 ESG 12 • ESG 11 • ESG 8 ESG 6• •

SPEED OF VEHICLE

AXLE SPACINGS

AXLE LOADS

LOAD SHARING

LANE OF VEHICLE40

60

80

100

120

Truck Characteristics Estimation Program

TCEPV1.01 LANE OF VEHICLE

TOTAL LOAD

OVER SPEED TRIGGERS

OVERLOAD TRIGGERS

-20

0

20

40

1 10 19 28 37 46 55 64 73 82 91 100 109 118 127 136 145 154 163 172 181 190 199

Truck Characteristics

ISIS Canada Research Network

• To advance civil engineering to a world leadership position, through development and application of:

– Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRPs)

– Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)– Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)

for the benefit of Canadians (and others) through innovative and intelligent infrastructure

• The objective is to revolutionize the design of civil engineering structures…– while recognizing the resulting educational need

• A RESEARCH organization which has EDUCATION as a PRIMARY FOCUS

ISIS Canada Education Activities

• Documents

– manuals and guidelines

• Seminars and Workshops

• Graduate Courses• Graduate Courses

• Journals and Conferences

• Undergraduate Education Modules

Example: Module 5 on SHM

1. What is structural health monitoring?

2. Methodology

3. Sensor technology

4. Testing categories

Give the big 5. SHM system design

6. Case studies of SHM applications in Canada

7. Civionics specifications

8. Detailed example: SHM of the Golden Boy

9. The future of SHM

10. References and Additional Guidance

Give the big

picture. Not

only research.

Sample Lecture Notes

Sample Presentation Slides

Components

a)Notes

– In MS Word and PDF

– 20 to 30 page booklet– 20 to 30 page booklet

b)Slides (and handouts)

– In MS PowerPoint and PDF

– 0ver 500 slides to accompany notes

c)Worked examples

d)Suggested assignments (solution sets) and

laboratories (materials and support)

Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, Denmark,

Dominican Republic, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, Germany, Greece, India, Iran, Japan, Korea, Kuwait, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Philippines,

Portugal, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, UAE, UK, USA, Yugoslavia

ISIS Canada Achievements & Future Work

• Updating ISIS design manuals used in 34 countries

• Influencing Public Policy by updating Canadian Codes of Practice: CHBDC and Building CSA Code

• International leadership in creating ISHMIIand IIFC

• Planned committee to develop guidelines for product certification of FRPs for manufacturers and owners

• 700 HQP (Graduate Students and Researchers)

• Education Committee success in gettingISIS technologies taught at the undergraduate levelISIS technologies taught at the undergraduate level

and in technical colleges

First Announcement and Call for Papers

Zurich, Switzerland22-24 July 2009

ETH, Swiss Federal Instituteof Technology

SHMII-4 2009shmii.empa.ch

The 4th International Conference on

Structural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure

The 4th International Conference onStructural Health Monitoring of Intelligent Infrastructure

Acknowledgements

Dr. Baidar Bakht, Dr. Gamil Tadros, Dr. John Newhook,

Mr. Walter Saltzberg, Graduate Students, ISIS Canada