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DISTRICTDISTRICTHEALTHHEALTH

MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT

Dr. Pratima MitraDr. Pratima MitraSr.Consultant(Tech), NRHM/RCHSr.Consultant(Tech), NRHM/RCH--IIII

NIHFWNIHFWDELHIDELHI

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IntroductionIntroduction

Management in all business areas andorganizational activities are the acts of gettingpeople together to accomplish desired goalsand objectives efficiently and effectively.

Management comprises:

planning, organizing, staffing, leading or

directing and controlling an organization (agroup of one or more people or entities) oreffort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal.

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Management as a ProcessManagement as a Process

Management involves a series ofseparate but inter-related functions in asystematic way which altogether makesmanagement a process.

Management in health care serviceorganizations may be defined as:

The process, composed of the set of interrelated

social and technical functions and activitiesoccurring within a formal organizational settingfor the purpose of accomplishingpredetermined objectives through utilization ofhuman and other resources

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Terms used in ManagementTerms used in Managementprocessprocess

INPUT PROCESS

OUTPUT

EFFECTOUTCOME

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Basic functions of ManagementBasic functions of Management

Luther Gullick, an eminentmanagement scientist classified

management functions in anacronym:

POSDCORB

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Management

Planning

Directing

Reporting

OrganizingBudgeting

Staffing

Coordinating

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Functions of ManagementFunctions of Management

Planning: Deciding what needs to happen in the future(today, next week, next month, next year, over the next

5 years, etc.) and generating plans for action.

Organizing: (Implementation) making optimum use ofthe resources required to enable the successful carryingout of plans.

Staffing: Job analyzing, recruitment, and hiringindividuals for appropriate jobs.

Leading/Directing: Determining what needs to be donein a situation and getting people to do it.

Controlling/Monitoring: Checking progress against plans.

Motivation: Motivation is also a kind of basic function ofmanagement, because without motivation, employeescannot work effectively. If motivation doesn't take placein an organization, then employees may not contribute tothe other functions (which are usually set by top levelmanagement).

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Health systemHealth system

The term health system encompassesthe personnel, institutions, commodities,information, financing and governancestrategies that support the delivery of

prevention and treatment services.

The main objectives of a health system areto respond to peoples needs and

expectations by providing services in a fairand equitable manner.

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Why do we need health managementWhy do we need health managementsystem at district level?system at district level?

District is the core unit of planning,budgeting and implementation.

To narrow the gap between policy &implementation.

Improve the functioning of individualhealth management teams.

critical mass of health managers

oriented towards problem solving. To reduce the imbalance by

concentrating on rural healthinfrastructure

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10

IMPLEMENTATION

FRAMEWORK & PLAN

OF ACTION

Decentrali-zation

Convergence

Indian Public Health

Standards

Improving Public HealthDelivery System

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District level ManagementDistrict level ManagementManagement of District Health System:

Developing District Health Action Plan(District PIPs)

Strengthening the district health structures:To provide desired quality services

District level health facilities -District Hosp, sub-division hosp etc, management of NationalProgrammes.

Block level facilities: CHCs, referral hospitals, PHCs

Village level facilities : Sub-centres

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Contd.Contd.

Creating and developing district health team(CMO, DPM, MOS, SN, Pharmacists, paramedicsetc)

Capacity building of human resources,direction and motivation.

Integration and coordination (Programmes,Partnership with other agencies)

Management of equipment, material and

other resource

Information (Recording and reporting)

Constant review and actions taken to ensure

achievement of the objectives

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District Health PlanDistrict Health Plan

District health plan main instrument for

intersectoral convergence, implementation &monitoring

District plan integrates village, block & district

level for Health, Water Supply, Sanitation andNutrition.

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SUCCESS OF NRHMSUCCESS OF NRHM

Much depends on successfulimplementation of the DistrictHealth Plan

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Peripheral

District

State

Conceptual HR Technical

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Conceptual HR Technical

Peripheral

District

State

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State

District/Regional

Peripheral

Technical

Health Management Matrix

Managerial

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Managerial SkillsManagerial Skills

Analytical skills

Decision making skills

(Problem solving : analyze gaps, decide

on interventions, action plan)

Communication skills

Leadership skills-influencing,directing, motivating

Negotiating

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Thank You