head 1 · Web viewTable 1: Classical Albedo Names From Ancient Geography

Gangale & Dudley-Flores Proposed Additions to the Cartographic Database of Mars

Table 1: Classical Albedo Names From Ancient Geography

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAbalos Undae Undae 78.52 272.5 A district of Scandinavia, thought to be

an island, noted for amber.Abalos Colles Colles 76.83 288.35 A district of Scandinavia, thought to be

an island, noted for amber.Abalos Mensa Mensa 81.17 284.4 A district of Scandinavia, thought to be

an island, noted for amber.Abalos Scopuli Scopuli 80.72 283.44 A district of Scandinavia, thought to be

an island, noted for amber.Abus Vallis Vallis -5.49 212.8 Classical name for Humber River in

England.Acheron Catena Catena 37.47 259.2 "Joyless" in Greek. 1) A river of

Bithynia, falling into the Euxine near Heraclea. 2) A river of Bruttium, falling into the Crathis flume near Consentia. 3) A river of Epirus, falling into the Adriatic at Glykys portus. There was an oracle on its banks, where the dead were evoked. In Greek mythology, the son of Gaea and Demeter, turned into the river of woe in the underworld as a punishment for supplying the Titans with water in their struggle with Zeus. 4) a River of Triphylia, falling into the Alpheus near Typana.

18


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAcheron Fossae Fossae 38.27 224.98 "Joyless" in Greek. 1) A river of

Bithynia, falling into the Euxine near Heraclea. 2) A river of Bruttium, falling into the Crathis flume near Consentia. 3) A river of Epirus, falling into the Adriatic at Glykys portus. There was an oracle on its banks, where the dead were evoked. In Greek mythology, the son of Gaea and Demeter, turned into the river of woe in the underworld as a punishment for supplying the Titans with water in their struggle with Zeus. 4) a River of Triphylia, falling into the Alpheus near Typana.

Adamas Labyrinthus

Labyrinthus 35.7 105.12 Classical name of Damiya, a Jordanian town on the east bank of the river Jordan.

Aeria Regio 9.88 50 1) Greek name for Egypt; """far land of mist""." 2) "Lofty" in Latin.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Aethiopis Regio 9.88 130 Classical name of Ethiopia, a nation in East Africa.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Alpheus Colles Colles -39.38 61.53 1) Classical name of the Roufia, a river arising in the Arcadia region of Greece, forming the border between Elis and Triphylia, emptying into the Ionian Sea near Pyrgos. 2) Classical name of the Alpheios, a river in the Peloponnesus of Greece. 3) In Greek mythology, god of the river of the same name.

19


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCavi Angusti Cavi -78.16 285.25 Classical town of the Cotenses in

Romania.Planum Angustum

Planum -79.8 276.8 Classical town of the Cotenses in Romania.

Angustus Labyrinthus

Labyrinthus -81.62 296.61 Classical town of the Cotenses in Romania.

Anio Valles Valles 37.75 55.89 Classical name for the Aniene and Teverone rivers in Italy.

Aonia Planum Planum -57.9 281.33 A district of the Boeotia region of classical Greece.

Aonia Terra Terra -60.2 262.95 A district of the Boeotia region of classical Greece.

Aonium Sinus Sinus -44.66 255 A district of the Boeotia region of classical Greece.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1, 1971 NASA SP-263, Aonia Terra per 1990 IAU.

Apollinaris Patera

Patera -8.57 174.18 Classical name of Bagni di Stigliano, baths in Etruria, on the river Minio, between Sabate and Tarquinii, on Via Claudia.

Apollinaris Sulci Sulci -11.06 177.47 Classical name of Bagni di Stigliano, baths in Etruria, on the river Minio, between Sabate and Tarquinii, on Via Claudia.

Apollinaris Tholus

Tholus -17.64 175.75 Classical name of Bagni di Stigliano, baths in Etruria, on the river Minio, between Sabate and Tarquinii, on Via Claudia.

20


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageApollinaris Mons Mons -9.17 174.79 Classical name of Bagni di Stigliano,

baths in Etruria, on the river Minio, between Sabate and Tarquinii, on Via Claudia.

Apsus Vallis Vallis 34.91 134.99 Classical name of the Beratino, a river of Illyria, falling into the Adreiatic near Asparagium.

Arabia Regio 19.78 30 The peninsula in southwestern Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.


Arabia Terra Terra 21.25 5.72 The peninsula in southwestern Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.

Aram Chaos Chaos 2.52 337.61 Classical Hebrew name of Syria.Arcadia Regio 44.66 260 A region in the Peloponnesus peninsula

in Greece.1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

Arcadia Planitia Planitia 47.19 184.31 A region in the Peloponnesus peninsula in Greece.

Arcadia Dorsa Dorsa 55.9 222.44 A region in the Peloponnesus peninsula in Greece.

Arda Valles Valles -20.4 327.69 Classical name of a river in Bulgaria.Arena Dorsum Dorsum 12.71 68.94 Classical name of Arenas Gordas, sand

hills on the west coast of Baetica, around Onontigi.

Arena Colles Colles 24.63 82.93 Classical name of Arenas Gordas, sand hills on the west coast of Baetica, around Onontigi.

Arnon Canalis 47.66 25 Classical name of the Wadi al Mawjib in Jordan, arising near Al Qatranah and emptying into the Dead Sea.

1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

21


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageArnus Vallis Vallis 13.97 70.61 Classical and present day "Arno River

in Tuscany," Italy (previously named Arena Rupes).

Aromatum Chaos

Chaos -1.03 317.03 Classical name of the Ras Hafun in Somalia, the Horn of Africa.

Arsia Mons Mons -8.26 239.91 Classical name of the Arsa, a river in Croatia.

Arsia Chasmata Chasmata -7.47 240.65 Classical name of the Arsa, a river in Croatia.

Arsia Sulci Sulci -6.29 230.19 Classical name of the Arsa, a river in Croatia.

Artynia Catena Catena 47.69 240.55 A swamp or lake of Asia Minor, its identity is uncertain.

Ascraeus Mons Mons 11.92 255.92 A town in the Boeotia region of Greece.Ascraeus Chasmata

Chasmata 8.77 254.37 A town in the Boeotia region of Greece.

Ascraeus Mensa Mensa 11.72 252.11 A town in the Boeotia region of Greece.Ascraeus Sulci Sulci 12.06 251.25 A town in the Boeotia region of Greece.Ascuris Planum Planum 40.59 279.22 Classical name of Ascuri, a lake in

Thessaly in the range of Mt. Olympus.Asopus Vallis Vallis -4.29 210.39 Classical name of the Oropos, a river in

the Boeotia region of Greece.Aspledon Undae Undae 73.06 309.65 A town of Boeotia, near Copais Lacus.

Named after the son of Poseidon.Astapus Colles Colles 35.46 88.08 Classical name of the Blue Nile, a river

of Ethiopia and Sudan.Atlantis Chaos Chaos -34.28 182.69 In Greek legend, an island beyond the

Pillars of Hercules, first mentioned by Plato in Timaeus.

Atrax Dorsum Dorsum 38.19 271 A town of Pelasgiotis, Thessaly, on the Peneus.

22


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAureum Chaos Chaos -3.89 333.04 "Golden" in Latin. Aurea Cherso, the

"Golden Peninsula", classical name of Malaya.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi.

Ausonia Regio -39.67 110 The land between Latium and Campania at one time occupied by the Ausones. The name was occasionally used by Greek and Latin poets for Italy.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Ausonia Cavus Cavus -31.92 96.55 The land between Latium and Campania at one time occupied by the Ausones. The name was occasionally used by Greek and Latin poets for Italy.

Ausonia Mensa Mensa -30.02 97.72 The land between Latium and Campania at one time occupied by the Ausones. The name was occasionally used by Greek and Latin poets for Italy.

Ausonia Montes Montes -25.42 99.04 The land between Latium and Campania at one time occupied by the Ausones. The name was occasionally used by Greek and Latin poets for Italy.

Avernus Cavi Cavi -3.72 172.52 Classical name of Lago d"Averno, a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano near Naples in Italy.

Avernus Colles Colles -1.73 171.02 Classical name of Lago d"Averno, a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano near Naples in Italy.

Avernus Dorsa Dorsa -6.03 170.9 Classical name of Lago d"Averno, a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano near Naples in Italy.

Avernus Rupes Rupes -9.2 172.8 Classical name of Lago d"Averno, a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano near Naples in Italy.

23


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAxius Valles Valles -54.53 70.72 Classical name of the Vardar, a river of

Greece.Baetis Chasma Chasma -4.29 295.13 Classical name of the Guadalquivir, a

river in southern Spain.Baetis Mensa Mensa -5.17 287.55 Classical name of the Guadalquivir, a

river in southern Spain.Baetis Chaos Chaos -0.17 299.6 Classical name of the Guadalquivir, a

river in southern Spain.Baltia Regio 59.71 310 Classical name for the region roughly

corresponding to Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Biblis Patera Patera 2.36 236.18 1) Byblos, "book" in Greek. 2) Byblos, a city in Phoenicia noted for its export trade in paper.

Biblis Tholus Tholus 2.52 235.62 1) Byblos, "book" in Greek. 2) Byblos, a city in Phoenicia noted for its export trade in paper.

Bosporos Rupes Rupes -42.74 302.45 The strait between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmora, separating European and Asiatic Turkey.

Bosporos Planum

Planum -33.87 295.51 The strait between the Black Sea and the Sea of Marmora, separating European and Asiatic Turkey.

Buvinda Vallis Vallis 33.17 151.96 Classical river in Hibernia; present Boyne "River, Ireland."

Calydon Fossa Fossa -7.43 272.02 1) A city of Aetolia, near the Evenus River. 2) The son of Ares and Astynome.

Capri Chasma Chasma -8.27 317.93 An island in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the coast of Italy.

24


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCapri Mensa Mensa -13.73 312.81 An island in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the

coast of Italy.Casius Canalis 39.67 100 1) Classical name of the mountainous

region south of Antioch in Syria. In Greek mythology, it was here that the monster Typhon overcame Zeus and cut the sinews of his hands and feet. 2) A mountain in the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. 3) Epithet of Zeus; for his two sanctuaries in Egypt/Arabia and Syria.

1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Cecropia Regio 59.71 40 1) Old name for Acropolis; used to mean Athens. 2) Cecrops, in Greek legend, the first king of Attica.

1901 Antoniadi, 1957 IAU.

Centauri Montes Montes -38.67 95.52 A tribe of Pelasgi-Eordi, settled in and inder Ossa. Such skilled horse-tamers that they were poetically said to be half man and half horse.

Ceraunius Canalis 19.78 267 Thunderclap; named for Ceraunii Mountains on coast of Epirus, Greece.


Ceraunius Fossae

Fossae 27 249.85 Thunderclap; named for Ceraunii Mountains on "coast of Epirus, Greece."

Ceraunius Tholus

Tholus 24 262.75 Thunderclap; named for Ceraunii Mountains on "coast of Epirus, Greece."

Ceraunius Catena

Catena 37.1 251.91 Thunderclap; named for Ceraunii Mountains on "coast of Epirus, Greece."

25


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageChalce Regio -49.67 0 1) Classical spelling of Khalki,an island

west of Rhodes. 2) Classical spelling of Khalkis, a city in Greece.

Chalce Fossa Fossa -51.67 320.41 1) Classical spelling of Khalki,an island west of Rhodes. 2) Classical spelling of Khalkis, a city in Greece.

Chersonesus Canalis -49.67 100 Classical name of the Malay Peninsula, Crimea, Jutland, and a peninsula in Thrace.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

Chryse Regio 9.88 330 1) "Gold" in Greek. 2) A Trojan city, identified with the ruins in Kulakli in Turkey. 3) Region of Thailand/Malacca.


Chryse Planitia Planitia 28.43 319.69 1) "Gold" in Greek. 2) A Trojan city, identified with the ruins in Kulakli in Turkey. 3) Region of Thailand/Malacca.

Chryse Chaos Chaos 9.86 322.81 1) "Gold" in Greek. 2) A Trojan city, identified with the ruins in Kulakli in Turkey. 3) Region of Thailand/Malacca.

Chryse Colles Colles 8.15 318.14 1) "Gold" in Greek. 2) A Trojan city, identified with the ruins in Kulakli in Turkey. 3) Region of Thailand/Malacca.

Chrysokeras Regio -49.67 250 Golden Horn; Byzantine Peninsula (now Turkey), or its inlet.

Clanis Valles Valles 33.24 58.47 Classical name for the Chiana River, Italy.

Clasia Vallis Vallis 33.77 57.04 *Classical river in Umbria, Italy.Clota Vallis Vallis -25.59 339.5 Classical name for present "River

Clyde, Scotland."Coloe Fossae Fossae 36.65 56.78 A lake of Tenesis, Aethiopia, southwest

of Axume.

26


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCopais Palus Palus 54.68 80 A marsh north of Mt. Helicon in

Boeotia, Greece, formed by the Cephissus, Termesius, and other streams.

Coprates Canalis -14.83 295 1) Classical name of the Diz, a river in Israel. 2) Old name for Persian River Ab-I-Diz.

1895 Lowell; 1954 De Vaucouleurs.

Coprates Catena Catena -15 297.91 1) Classical name of the Diz, a river in Israel. 2) Old name for Persian River Ab-I-Diz.

Coprates Chasma

Chasma -13.37 299.26 1) Classical name of the Diz, a river in Israel. 2) Old name for Persian River Ab-I-Diz.

Coprates Labes Labes -11.82 292.21 1) Classical name of the Diz, a river in Israel. 2) Old name for Persian River Ab-I-Diz.

Coracis Fossae Fossae -35.82 279.14 A mountain in Greece.Cusus Valles Valles 14.05 50.37 Classical name for the Hron River in

Czechoslavakia.Cydnus Rupes Rupes 52.53 112.21 Classical name of the Tarsus Chai, a

river in Turkey.Cydonia Regio 39.67 0 Classical name of Canea or Khania, a

city in Crete.1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Cydonia Mensae Mensae 34.56 347.67 Classical name of Canea or Khania, a city in Crete.

Cydonia Colles Colles 39.07 347.78 Classical name of Canea or Khania, a city in Crete.

Cydonia Labyrinthus

Labyrinthus 41.29 347.94 Classical name of Canea or Khania, a city in Crete.

27


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageDeltoton Sinus Sinus -3.95 55 Bay of the triangle; makes triangle with

Iapygia and Oenotria.1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

Deucalionis Regio

Regio -14.83 20 1) A rock of Phthiotis, Thessaly, in Pagasaeus Sinus, near Pyrrha Promintorium. 2) In Greek mythology, the son of Prometheus.


Deva Vallis Vallis -7.67 203.13 Classical name for Dee River in Scotland; new position and coordinates.

Diacria Regio 49.67 180 Land of the Diacrii tribe in Greece. 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.Doanus Vallis Vallis -63.02 334.41 Classical river shown in Ptolemy's map;

may be modern Mekong River of Burma.

Drilon Vallis Vallis 7.17 307.66 Classical name for the Drin River in Albania.

Dubis Vallis Vallis -5.16 211.87 Classical name for the Doubs River in France.

Durius Valles Valles -17.3 171.98 Classical name for modern Douro River in Portugal.

Edom Regio 0 15 Ancient name of the region between the Dead Sea and the Gulf of Aqaba.


Elaver Vallis Vallis -9.38 310.48 Classical name for the Allier River in France.

Electris Regio -44.66 170 1) Electra's island near River Eridanus; famous for amber formed from tears shed by Phaethon's sisters. 2) Electra, daughter of Agamemnon. 3) Electra, one of the Pleiades. 4) Electra, wife of Pylades.


28


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageEnipeus Vallis Vallis 36.8 267.2 1) A river of Elis, falling into the

Alpheus. 2) Classical name of the Goura, a river of Phthiotis in Thessaly, falling into the Apidanus near Pharsalus. 3) Classical name of the Malathria, a river of Pieria in Mecedonia, falling into the Thermaicus Sinus.

Eridania Regio -44.66 140 Region of the upper Po River, Italy. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Eridania Scopulus

Scopulus -52.61 141.79 Region of the upper Po River, Italy.

Eridania Planitia Planitia -38.15 122.21 Region of the upper Po River, Italy.Mare Erythraeum

Mare -24.74 320 Classical name of the Arabian Sea. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1967 IAU.

Erythraea Fossa Fossa -27.27 329.06 Classical name of the Arabian Sea.Erythraeum Chaos

Chaos -21.84 347.62 Classical name of the Arabian Sea.

Euphrates Canalis 19.78 25 1) Biblical fourth River of Paradise. 2) A river which arises in Turkey and joins Tigris at the Shatt al Arab in Iraq, which then empties into the Persian Gulf. Together with the Tigris, it defines Mesopotamia, "the land between rivers".

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

29


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageEuphrates Patera

Patera 38.43 10.26 1) Biblical fourth River of Paradise. 2) A river which arises in Turkey and joins Tigris at the Shatt al Arab in Iraq, which then empties into the Persian Gulf. Together with the Tigris, it defines Mesopotamia, "the land between rivers".

Euripus Mons Mons -44.82 105.18 The strait dividing Euboea from Boeotia.

Frento Vallis Vallis -50.03 345.16 Classical name of the Forlore, a river of Apulia, Italy, falling into the Adriatic Sea.

Ganges Catena Catena -2.7 291.22 A river in India.Ganges Chasma Chasma -7.96 312.11 A river in India.Ganges Cavus Cavus -10.09 308.55 A river in India.Ganges Chaos Chaos -9.76 313.96 A river in India.Ganges Mensa Mensa -7.23 311.25 A river in India.Gehon Canalis 14.83 0 1) Biblical second River of Paradise;

bordering Eden. 2) A river in Africa mentioned in the Bible, possibly referring to the Nile.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1957 IAU.

Gonnus Mons Mons 41.21 269.12 Classical town.Granicus Valles Valles 30.58 129.97 Classical name of the Kocabas, a river

in Turkey. Alexander the Great defeated the Persians in a battle near the Granicus in 334 B.C.

Mare Hadriacum Mare -39.67 90 The Adriatic Sea, separating the northern Italian and the Balkan Peninsulas.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

30


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageHadriaca Patera Patera -30.2 92.79 The Adriatic Sea, separating the

northern Italian and the Balkan Peninsulas.

Hadriacus Mons Mons -31.29 91.86 The Adriatic Sea, separating the northern Italian and the Balkan Peninsulas.

Halex Fossae Fossae 27.35 233.96 Classical name of the Alece, a river of Bruttium, falling into Siculum Mare.

Hebrus Valles Valles 19.88 126.74 Ancient river in Greece.Hellas Chaos Chaos -47.12 64.41 The indigenous name of Greece.Hellespontus Canalis -49.67 35 Also called the Dardanelles, the strait

between the Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea, separating European and Asiatic Turkey.


Hellespontica, Depressio

Regio -59.71 20 Also called the Dardanelles, the strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea, separating European and Asiatic Turkey.

Hellespontus Montes

Montes -44.37 42.76 Also called the Dardanelles, the strait between the Sea of Marmara and the Aegean Sea, separating European and Asiatic Turkey.

Hermus Vallis Vallis -5.32 212.19 Classical name for river in ancient Lydia (modern Turkey).

Hibes Montes Montes 3.79 171.34 A village of Libya, at Oasis Magna.Hiddekel Canalis 14.83 15 The Hebrew name for the Tigris, a river

of Mesopotamia, the Biblical third River of Paradise.


Himera Valles Valles -21.54 337.34 Ancient name for Italian river.

31


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageHyblaeus Catena

Catena 21.6 140.62 1) Hybla Major, classical name of Paterno, a town in Sicily. 2) Hybla Minor, classical name of Calata-Girone, a town in Sicily. 3) Hybla Parva, a name of Magara Hyblaea, in Sicily.

Hyblaeus Chasma

Chasma 21.98 141.26 1) Hybla Major, classical name of Paterno, a town in Sicily. 2) Hybla Minor, classical name of Calata-Girone, a town in Sicily. 3) Hybla Parva, a name of Magara Hyblaea, in Sicily.

Hyblaeus Dorsa Dorsa 13.16 130.32 1) Hybla Major, classical name of Paterno, a town in Sicily. 2) Hybla Minor, classical name of Calata-Girone, a town in Sicily. 3) Hybla Parva, a name of Magara Hyblaea, in Sicily.

Hyblaeus Fossae

Fossae 21.44 137.06 1) Hybla Major, classical name of Paterno, a town in Sicily. 2) Hybla Minor, classical name of Calata-Girone, a town in Sicily. 3) Hybla Parva, a name of Magara Hyblaea, in Sicily.

Hydaspis Chaos Chaos 3.09 333.07 Classical name of the Jhelum, a river in India.

Hydrae Chasma Chasma -6.75 297.99 Ancient spelling of Idhra, an island in the Aegean Sea.

Hydraotes Chaos

Chaos 1.12 324.71 Classical name of the Ravi, a river in India.

Hypanis Valles Valles 9.46 313.58 Classical name for the Kuban River in Russia.

Hypsas Vallis Vallis 33.63 57.99 Classical name for river in Sicily.

32


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageIamuna Canalis 9.88 320 Classical name of the Brahmaputra, a

river in India.1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Iamuna Dorsa Dorsa 20.97 309.6 Classical name of the Brahmaputra, a river in India.

Iamuna Chaos Chaos -0.28 319.39 Classical name of the Brahmaputra, a river in India.

Iani Chaos Chaos -2.19 342.96 Classical name of the Brahmaputra, a river in India.

Iapygia Regio -19.78 65 Classical name of Capo Santa Maria di Leuca in Italy.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, per 1967 IAU.

Iberus Vallis Vallis 21.25 152.07 Classical name for river present Ebro River in NE Spain.

Idaeus Fossae Fossae 37.33 308.8 Ancient spelling of Mt. Idhi on Crete.Indus Vallis Vallis 18.95 38.88 Ancient and modern name for river in

Pakistan.Isara Valles Valles -5.31 213.58 Classical name for the Oise River in

France.Ismenius Lacus Lacus 39.67 30 1) Ismenia is poetic term for Thebes. 2)

Ismene, in Greek legend, the daughter of Oedipus.


Issedon Paterae Paterae 38.13 269.75 An ancient city in Asia.Issedon Tholus Tholus 36.05 265.17 An ancient city in Asia.Ister Chaos Chaos 12.95 303.44 The early Greek name of the Danube,

from its mouth to its junction with the Savus.

Labeatis Fossae Fossae 24.58 275.47 Classical name of Scutari, a lake in Albania.

Labeatis Catenae

Catenae 19.49 266.83 Classical name of Scutari, a lake in Albania.

33


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageLabeatis Mensa Mensa 25.5 285.53 Classical name of Scutari, a lake in

Albania.Labeatis Mons Mons 37.48 284.14 Classical name of Scutari, a lake in

Albania.Ladon Valles Valles -22.43 331.39 Ancient name for Greek river.Libya Montes Montes 1.44 88.23 Area from western Egypt to Syrtis

Major.Libya Regio 0 90 Area from western Egypt to Syrtis

Major.1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Licus Vallis Vallis -3.05 126.35 Ancient name for modern "Lech River, France."

Liris Valles Valles -10.5 58.25 Ancient name for modern Liri River, Italy.

Locras Valles Valles 8.84 48.26 Ancient name for river on Corsica.

34


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageLycus Sulci Sulci 28.14 215.53 1) Classical name of the Zab Ala, a

river of Assyria, falling into the Tigris below Larissa. 2) A river of Bithynia, falling into the Euxine Sea near Heraclea. 3) A river of Cyprus, falling into the Mediterranean Sea at Curium. 4) A river of Cilicia Campestris, falling into Issicus Sinus near Issus. 5) Classical name of the Gorgoro, a river of Colchis. 6) A river of Lydia , alling into the Hyllus. 7) Classical name of the Nahel-Kelb, a river of Phoenicia, running into the Mediterranean near Berytus. 8) Classical name of the Djok-Bounai, a river of Phrygia, falling into the Maeander. 9) Classical name of the Yeshil-Ermak, a river of Pontus, falling into the Euxine Sea near Amisus. 10) A river of Sarmatia Asiatica, falling into the Tanais. 11) Classical name of the Kalmius, a river of Sarmatia, falling into Palus Maeotis.

Malea Patera Patera -63.54 51.59 1) A mountain of Taprobane. 2) Classical name of Capo Malio or Capo Sant' Angelo, a promontory, the southeast extremity of Laconia, noted for its dangerous navigation. 3) The southeast extremity of Lesbos.

Malea Planum Planum -65.82 62.94 The southernmost point of the island of Lesbos in the Aegean Sea.

Mareotis Fossae Fossae 44.34 283.88 A lake of Lower Egypt, at Alexandria.

35


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageE. Mareotis Tholus

Tholus 35.92 274.87 A lake of Lower Egypt, at Alexandria.

N. Mareotis Tholus


W. Mareotis Tholus


Mari Crater -52.01 314.12 Ruined city in Syria.Matrona Vallis Vallis -7.66 176.19 Classical name for "present Marne

River," France.Melas Chasma Chasma -10.52 287.46 1) *A river in the Boeotia region of

Greece. 2) Ancient spelling of the Malis, a river in Greece. 3) Classical name of the Menavgat Chai, a river in Turkey.

Melas Dorsa Dorsa -18.92 287.9 1) *A river in the Boeotia region of Greece. 2) Ancient spelling of the Malis, a river in Greece. 3) Classical name of the Menavgat Chai, a river in Turkey.

Melas Fossae Fossae -26.28 288.48 1) *A river in the Boeotia region of Greece. 2) Ancient spelling of the Malis, a river in Greece. 3) Classical name of the Menavgat Chai, a river in Turkey.

Melas Labes Labes -8.53 288.3 1) *A river in the Boeotia region of Greece. 2) Ancient spelling of the Malis, a river in Greece. 3) Classical name of the Menavgat Chai, a river in Turkey.

36


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMeroe Oasis 34.68 75 1) Classical name of the region of

Africa generally corresponding to Sudan. It was once believed that the White Nile and the Blue Nile, which join at Khartoum, separated further to the south, and that Meroe was thus a large island in the Nile. 2) Classical name of Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, at the confluence of the White Nile and the Blue Nile.


Meroe Patera Patera 6.98 68.77 1) Classical name of the region of Africa generally corresponding to Sudan. It was once believed that the White Nile and the Blue Nile, which join at Khartoum, separated further to the south, and that Meroe was thus a large island in the Nile. 2) Classical name of Khartoum, the capital of Sudan, at the confluence of the White Nile and the Blue Nile.

Minio Vallis Vallis -4.38 208.33 Classical name for river in Italy.Moab Regio 19.78 10 Ancient Hebrew name of Transjordan,

the land on the eastern shore of the Dead Sea.

Moeris Lacus Lacus 7.91 90 Classical name of the Birket Qarun, a lake in Egypt.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, per 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1967 IAU.

Munda Vallis Vallis -5.37 213.83 Classical river in ancient Lusitania, modern Mondega River in Portugal.

Naro Vallis Vallis -4 60.71 Ancient name for modern "Neretva River," Yugoslavia.

37


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageNestus Valles Valles -7.03 201.52 Classical name for a river in Macedonia

(Greece).Nicer Vallis Vallis -6.96 201.81 Classical name for the Neckar, a river

in Germany.Nili Fossae Fossae 22.02 76.69 Latin spelling of the Nile, a river in

northeastern Africa.Nili Patera Patera 8.97 67.17 Latin spelling of the Nile, a river in

northeastern Africa.Nilus Chaos Chaos 25.39 283.05 Latin spelling of the Nile, a river in

northeastern Africa.Nilus Dorsa Dorsa 20.68 280.94 Latin spelling of the Nile, a river in

northeastern Africa.Nilus Mensae Mensae 22.2 287.77 Latin spelling of the Nile, a river in

northeastern Africa.Colles Nili Colles 38.72 62.88 Latin spelling of the Nile, a river in

northeastern Africa.Ochus Valles Valles 7.07 314.96 Classical name for the Hari-Rud River

in Turkmenistan.Oenotria Plana Plana -8.14 76.64 Classical name of Lucania, a region in

Italy.Oenotria Scopuli Scopuli -6.62 77.11 Classical name of Lucania, a region in

Italy.Ogygis Regio Regio -44.66 295 An island in the western Mediterranean

Sea depicted on maps of the Homeric Period.


Ogygis Rupes Rupes -33.03 305.47 An island in the western Mediterranean Sea depicted on maps of the Homeric Period.

Oltis Valles Valles -23.5 338.35 Ancient name for the Lot, a river in France.

Olympia Regio 79.88 160 A city in Greece.

38


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageOlympia Cavi Cavi 85.06 182.23 A city in Greece.Olympia Mensae Mensae 78 119.98 A city in Greece.Olympia Planum Planum 82.18 188.81 A city in Greece.Olympia Rupes Rupes 86.04 174.16 A city in Greece.Olympia Undae Undae 81.16 178.48 A city in Greece.Olympus Mons Mons 18.65 226.2 A mountain in Greece.Olympus Rupes Rupes 18.4 226.44 A mountain in Greece.Olympica Fossae

Fossae 24.85 246.08 A mountain in Greece.

Nix Olympica Nix 19.78 230 Snows of Olympus; Olympus was mountain home of gods in Greece.

Oxia Palus Palus 7.91 342 Lake (swamp into which Oxus River flows; i.e. Sea of Aral).

1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Oxia Chaos Chaos 0.22 320.13 Lake (swamp) into which Oxus River flows; i.e. Sea of Aral.

Oxia Colles Colles 21.24 333.73 Lake into which Oxus River flows; i.e. Sea of Aral).

Oxus Canalis 19.78 348 Classical name of the Amu-Darya, a river in Kazakhstan.


Oxus Cavus Cavus 37.41 359.48 Classical name of the Amu-Darya, a river in Kazakhstan.

Oxus Patera Patera 38.97 359.66 Classical name of the Amu-Darya, a river in Kazakhstan.

Padus Vallis Vallis -4.52 210.02 Classical name for modern Po River in Italy.

Pallacopas Vallis Vallis -54.73 339.52 A canal from the Euphrates, cut by Alexander, from above Besechana to Persicus Sinus.

Panchaia Regio 59.71 160 An island of Arabia Felix.. 1901 Antoniadi, 1957 IAU.Panchaia Rupes Rupes 64.37 129.83 An island of Arabia Felix..

39


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageParana Valles Valles -23.19 350.2 Ancient and modern name for South

American river "(Brazil, Argentina)."Paros Crater 21.99 261.87 Famous in antiquity for its marble

quarries.Peneus Patera Patera -57.82 52.65 1) Ancient name of the Larissa or

Salambrin, a river in the * region of Greece. 2) Ancient name of the Elis, a river in the Elis region of Greece. 3) In Greek mythology, god of the rivers of the same name.

Peraea Cavus Cavus -29.61 95.43 1) Surnamed Rhodiorum, the coast of Caria opposite Rhodes. 2) Generally, the portion of Israel east of Jordan, especially, the district between Arnon and Hieromax.

Peraea Mons Mons -31.08 86.11 1) Surnamed Rhodiorum, the coast of Caria opposite Rhodes. 2)Generally, the portion of Israel east of Jordan, especially, the district between Arnon and Hieromax.

Phlegra Regio 31 172.2 A volcanic region containing many hot springs, located west of Napoli in the Campania region of Italy.


Phlegra Montes Montes 40.4 163.71 A volcanic region containing many hot springs, located west of Napoli in the Campania region of Italy.

Phlegra Dorsa Dorsa 25.08 170.37 A volcanic region containing many hot springs, located west of Napoli in the Campania region of Italy.

40


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePhoenicis Lacus Lacus -11.86 250 1) In Greek mythology, an Arabian bird.

2) Ancient spelling of Finiq, a town in Albania.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, per 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Pindus Mons Mons 39.47 271.48 Mountains near Vale of Tempe.Pityusa Patera Patera -66.88 36.86 1) A district of Mysia. 2) an island of

Argolis, in the Argolicus Sinus. 3) An island of Cilicia Trachea. 4) An early name of Chios. 5) An early name of Salamis.

Pityusa Rupes Rupes -63.96 28.32 1) A district of Mysia. 2) an island of Argolis, in the Argolicus Sinus. 3) An island of Cilicia Trachea. 4) An early name of Chios. 5) An early name of Salamis.

Pompeii Crater 18.98 300.9 Ruined town in Italy.Promethei Planum

Planum -79.18 88.36 Prometheus' Bay; Greek mythological character.

Propontis Oasis 44.66 175 Classical name of the Sea of Marmora, between European and Asiatic Turkey, separated from the Black Sea by the Bosporus and from the Aegean Sea by the Dardanelles.


Ravi Vallis Vallis -0.42 319.52 Ancient Pakistani River.Ravius Valles Valles 46.12 249.83 Classical name for a river in N.W.

Ireland.Rhabon Valles Valles 21.21 268.73 Classical name for a river in Romania.Rubicon Valles Valles 44.41 242.48 Classical name of the Rubico, a river in

Italy.Sinus Sabaeus Sinus -7.91 20 Ancient name of the Red Sea; Saba

was part of southern Arabian Peninsula.

41


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageTerra Sabaea Terra 2.72 51.3 Ancient name of the Red Sea; Saba

was part of southern Arabian Peninsula.

Sabis Vallis Vallis -5.01 207.49 Classical name for present Sambre River in France and Belgium.

Sabrina Vallis Vallis 10.99 310.96 Classical name for the Severn River, England.

Samara Valles Valles -24.17 341.27 Ancient name for modern Somme River, France.

Scamander Vallis

Vallis 15.89 28.53 Ancient name of river at Troy (modern Turkey).

Scandia Regio 60.21 212.1 1) Ancient town on the island of Cerigo in the Aegean Sea. 2) Classical name of the Scandinavian Peninsula, comprising Sweden, Finland, and Norway.

1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Scandia Colles Colles 65.47 220.87 1) Ancient town on the island of Cerigo in the Aegean Sea. 2) Classical name of the Scandinavian Peninsula, comprising Sweden, Finland, and Norway.

Scandia Cavi Cavi 77.55 209.65 1) Ancient town on the island of Cerigo in the Aegean Sea. 2) Classical name of the Scandinavian Peninsula, comprising Sweden, Finland, and Norway.

Scandia Tholi Tholi 73.91 201.28 1) Ancient town on the island of Cerigo in the Aegean Sea. 2) Classical name of the Scandinavian Peninsula, comprising Sweden, Finland, and Norway.

42


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSenus Vallis Vallis -5.23 213.04 Classical river in Ireland.Sinai Planum Planum -13.72 272.24 A peninsula in Egypt, bounded on the

west by the Gulf of Suez and on the east by the Gulf of Aqaba.

Sinai Dorsa Dorsa -12.77 281.08 A peninsula in Egypt, bounded on the west by the Gulf of Suez and on the east by the Gulf of Aqaba.

Sinai Fossae Fossae -14.08 281.33 A peninsula in Egypt, bounded on the west by the Gulf of Suez and on the east by the Gulf of Aqaba.

Sithonius Lacus Lacus 44.66 115 1) Region inhabited by Sithonii; synonym of Thrace. 2) Ancient name of the Longus Peninsula in Greece.

1901 Antoniadi, per 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Siton Undae Undae 75.55 297.28 Possibly fron Sitones, a people of Northern Germany (Norway).

Stura Vallis Vallis 22.71 142.47 A river east of Rome, Italy.Styx Canalis 29.71 160 1) A river of Arabia Felix, falling into the

Prion at Saba. 2) A river of Arcadia, falling into the Crathis near Nonacris. Its waters were deemed poisonous and corrosive. 3) In Greek mythology, the river of unbreakable oath in the underworld, which souls must cross on journey from Earth.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

43


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageStygis Catena Catena 23.25 150.57 1) A river of Arabia Felix, falling into the

Prion at Saba. 2) A river of Arcadia, falling into the Crathis near Nonacris. Its waters were deemed poisonous and corrosive. 3) In Greek mythology, the river of unbreakable oath in the underworld, which souls must cross on journey from Earth.

Styx Dorsum Dorsum 30.81 151.86 1) A river of Arabia Felix, falling into the Prion at Saba. 2) A river of Arcadia, falling into the Crathis near Nonacris. Its waters were deemed poisonous and corrosive. 3) In Greek mythology, the river of unbreakable oath in the underworld, which souls must cross on journey from Earth.

Stygis Fossae Fossae 26.92 149.83 1) A river of Arabia Felix, falling into the Prion at Saba. 2) A river of Arcadia, falling into the Crathis near Nonacris. Its waters were deemed poisonous and corrosive. 3) In Greek mythology, the river of unbreakable oath in the underworld, which souls must cross on journey from Earth.

Subur Vallis Vallis 11.63 306.85 Classical river in Mauritania.Surius Vallis Vallis -61.2 311.28 A river of Colchis, falling into the

Phasis.Syria Regio -19.78 260 A country in southwestern Asia, south

of Asia Minor, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia.

44


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSyria Planum Planum -12.09 256.1 A country in southwestern Asia, south

of Asia Minor, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia.

Syria Mons Mons -13.88 255.73 A country in southwestern Asia, south of Asia Minor, between the Mediterranean Sea and Mesopotamia.

Syrtis Major Sinus 9.88 70 "Sand bank" in Latin. Syrtis Major was the ancient name of the Gulf of Sidra, which forms the east coast of Tunisia.


Syrtis Major Planum

Planum 9.2 67.1 "Sand bank" in Latin. Syrtis Major was the ancient name of the Gulf of Sidra, which forms the east coast of Tunisia.

Tader Valles Valles -48.78 207.7 Classical name for the Segura, a river of Tarraconensis, falling into the Illicitanus Sinus.

Tagus Valles Valles -6.68 114.54 Ancient and modern river in Spain, Portugal.

Tanaica Montes Montes 39.55 269.17 From Tanais, "water," classical name of the Don, a river of Sarmatia.

Tanais Canalis 49.67 290 The Classical name of the Don, a river in Russia.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Tanais Fossae Fossae 38.74 273.51 The Classical name of the Don, a river in Russia.

Taus Vallis Vallis -4.85 211.68 Classical name of Domazlice in Turkey.Tempe Regio 39.67 290 A valley in the Thessaly region of

Greece.1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Tempe Fossae Fossae 40.42 288.6 A valley in the Thessaly region of Greece.

Tempe Terra Terra 38.69 289.39 A valley in the Thessaly region of Greece.

45


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageTempe Mensa Mensa 27.94 288.41 A valley in the Thessaly region of

Greece.Tempe Colles Colles 33.75 277.44 A valley in the Thessaly region of

Greece.Termes Vallis Vallis -11.11 202.99 Classical river in "ancient Lusitania,"

"present Tormes River," Spain.Tharsis Regio 0 260 1) A town in Spain. 2) Ancient name of

Azerbaijan.1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1, 1971 NASA SP-263.

Tharsis Montes Montes 1.57 247.42 1) A town in Spain. 2) Ancient name of Azerbaijan.

Tharsis Tholus Tholus 13.25 269.31 1) A town in Spain. 2) Ancient name of Azerbaijan.

Thymiamata Regio 9.88 350 Land of sweet-scented perfumes; Yemen or India.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Tinia Valles Valles -4.61 211.12 Classical name for a river in Italy.Tisia Valles Valles -10.75 46.72 Ancient name for modern Tisza River,

Ukraine.Trebia Valles Valles 32.08 150.12 Classical name for the Trebbia River,

Italy.Trinacria Regio -24.74 92 Triangular land, an ancient name of

Sicily.Tyras Vallis Vallis 8.33 309.85 Classical name for "present Dniester

River," Ukraine.Mare Tyrrhenum Mare -19.78 105 Tyrhennian Sea, bounded by Italy on

the northeast, Sicily on the south, and Sardinia and Corsica on the west.


Tyrrhena Patera Patera -21.39 106.63 Tyrhennian Sea, bounded by Italy on the northeast, Sicily on the south, and Sardinia and Corsica on the west.

46


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageTyrrhena Terra Terra -11.9 88.84 Tyrhennian Sea, bounded by Italy on

the northeast, Sicily on the south, and Sardinia and Corsica on the west.

Tyrrhena Dorsa Dorsa -24.2 115.72 Tyrhennian Sea, bounded by Italy on the northeast, Sicily on the south, and Sardinia and Corsica on the west.

Tyrrhena Fossae Fossae -22.23 105.8 Tyrhennian Sea, bounded by Italy on the northeast, Sicily on the south, and Sardinia and Corsica on the west.

Tyrrhenus Labyrinthus

Labyrinthus -16.18 101.12 Tyrhennian Sea, bounded by Italy on the northeast, Sicily on the south, and Sardinia and Corsica on the west.

Tyrrhenus Mons Mons -21.63 105.88 Tyrhennian Sea, bounded by Italy on the northeast, Sicily on the south, and Sardinia and Corsica on the west.

Varus Valles Valles -8.57 204.01 Classical name for the Var River, France.

Vedra Valles Valles 19.12 304.52 Ancient European river (Great Britain).Vistula Valles Valles 13.41 308.03 Classical name for the Wistla River in

Poland.Zea Dorsa Dorsa -48.87 80.54 An island in the Cyclades Archipelago

in the Aegean Sea.Zephyria Tholus Tholus -19.75 172.92 1) An early name of Halicarnassus. 2)

Land of the west wind, the classical name of Capo Spartivento in Italy.

Zephyria Planum Planum -1.08 153.73 1) An early name of Halicarnassus. 2) Land of the west wind, the classical name of Capo Spartivento in Italy.

Zephyria Mensae

Mensae -11.62 171.98 Land of the west wind, the Classical name of Capo Spartivento in Italy.

47


Table 2: Classical Albedo Names From Greek

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageBoreosyrtis Canalis 54.68 70 Northern sandbank in Greek. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901

Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1967 IAU.Deuteronilus Canalis 34.68 0 "Second Nile" in Greek. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901

Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Deuteronilus Mensae

Mensae 45.11 23.92 Second Nile in Greek.

Deuteronilus Colles

Colles 41.95 21.7 Second Nile in Greek.

Hellas Regio -39.67 70 The indigenous name of Greece. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Hellas Planitia Planitia -42.43 70.5 The indigenous name of Greece.Hellas Montes Montes -37.63 97.61 The indigenous name of Greece.Nilokeras Canalis 29.71 305 "Horn of the Nile" in Greek. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901

Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Nilokeras Scopulus

Scopulus 31.72 304.15 Horn of the Nile in Greek.

Nilokeras Fossa Fossa 24.59 302.17 Horn of the Nile in Greek.Nilokeras Mensae

Mensae 30.48 308.05 Horn of the Nile in Greek.

Nilosyrtis Canalis 41.66 70 "Sandbank of the Nile" in Greek. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Nilosyrtis Mensae

Mensae 34.77 68.47 "Sandbank of the Nile" in Greek.

Protonilus Mensae

Mensae 43.87 48.86 "First (Eastern) part of Nile" in Greek.

48


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageUranius Patera Patera 26.32 267.2 "Heavenly" in Greek. In Greek

mythology, one of the muses, the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Urania was the muse of astronomy and celestial forces, and arbitress of fate.

Uranius Tholus Tholus 26.25 262.43 "Heavenly" in Greek. In Greek mythology, one of the muses, the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Urania was the muse of astronomy and celestial forces, and arbitress of fate.

Uranius Fossae Fossae 25.29 269.87 "Heavenly" in Greek. In Greek mythology, one of the muses, the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Urania was the muse of astronomy and celestial forces, and arbitress of fate.

Uranius Mons Mons 26.9 267.85 "Heavenly" in Greek. In Greek mythology, one of the muses, the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Urania was the muse of astronomy and celestial forces, and arbitress of fate.

Utopia Rupes Rupes 43.53 86.03 "Nowhere" in Greek, used by Thomas More for the ideal state.

Utopia Planitia Planitia 46.74 117.52 "Nowhere" in Greek, used by Thomas More to connote the ideal state.

Xanthe Dorsa Dorsa 35.9 325.96 Golden-Yellow Land.Xanthe Terra Terra 1.6 311.95 Golden-Yellow Land.Xanthe Scopulus Scopulus 19.38 307.49 Golden-Yellow Land.Xanthe Montes Montes 18.13 305.08 Golden-Yellow Land.

49


Table 3: Classical Albedo Names From Latin

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAlba Fossae Fossae 49.39 253.18 "White" in Latin.Alba Patera Patera 39.53 250.82 "White" in Latin.Albor Tholus Tholus 18.87 150.47 "White" in Latin.Alba Catena Catena 35.04 245.42 "White" in Latin.Albor Fossae Fossae 18.09 150.78 "White" in Latin.Alba Mons Mons 41.08 249.29 "White" in Latin.Tractus Albus Regio 29.71 280 "White Tract" in Latin. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.Argentea Planum

Planum -72.49 298.33 "Silvery" in Latin.

Dorsa Argentea Dorsa -77.63 326.61 "Silvery" in Latin.Mare Australe Mare -59.71 350 "Southern" in Latin. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi,

1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.Chasma Australe

Chasma -82.35 95.03 "Southern" in Latin.

Planum Australe Planum -83.35 157.7 "Southern" in Latin.Australe Lingula Lingula -84.05 68.56 "Southern" in Latin.Australe Mensa Mensa -86.88 357.24 "Southern" in Latin.Australe Montes Montes -80.19 14.05 "Southern" in Latin.Australe Scopuli Scopuli -83.48 247.06 "Southern" in Latin.Australe Sulci Sulci -84.99 133.06 "Southern" in Latin.Chasma Boreale Chasma 82.54 312.36 "Northern" in Latin.Boreales Scopuli Scopuli 88.88 269.84 "Northern" in Latin.Vastitas Borealis Vastitas 87.73 32.53 "Northern" in Latin.Mare Boreum Mare 59.71 180 "North" in LatinPlanum Boreum Planum 87.32 54.96 "North" in LatinBoreum Cavus Cavus 84.64 339.85 "North" in LatinCandor Regio 2.96 285 "Luster, sincerity" in Latin. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.Candor Chasma Chasma -6.53 289.22 "Luster, sincerity" in Latin.

50


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCandor Mensa Mensa -6.26 286.48 "Luster, sincerity" in Latin.Candor Labes Labes -4.79 284.01 "Luster, sincerity" in Latin.Candor Colles Colles -6.63 284.43 "Luster, sincerity" in Latin.Ceti Chasma Chasma -5.03 291.63 "Whale" in Latin.Ceti Mensa Mensa -5.85 283.68 "Whale" in Latin.Ceti Labes Labes -6.78 284.27 "Whale" in Latin.Claritas Canalis -34.68 250 "Brightness" in LatinClaritas Fossae Fossae -27.89 255.76 "Brightness" in LatinClaritas Rupes Rupes -25.04 254.74 "Brightness" in LatinCoronae Scopulus

Scopulus -33.26 64.94 "Crown" in Latin.

Coronae Montes Montes -34.31 86.11 "Crown" in Latin.Felis Dorsa Dorsa -21.87 294.1 "Cat" in Latin.Fortuna Fossae Fossae 4.64 267.31 "Fortune" in Latin.Sulci Gordii Sulci 19.02 234.27 From Nodus Gordii, "Gordian Knot" in

Latin, an albedo fearure.Hyperboreus Lacus

Lacus 74.83 300 "Far northern" in Latin.

Hyperboreus Labyrinthus

Labyrinthus 80.28 300.25 "Far northern" in Latin.

Ius Chasma Chasma -7.29 275.61 "Law" in Latin.Ius Labes Labes -7.47 281.54 "Law" in Latin.Lucus Planum Planum -4.99 182.83 "Grove" in Latin.Lunae Palus Palus 14.83 295 "Moon" in Latin.Lunae Planum Planum 10.79 294.49 "Moon" in Latin.Lunae Mensa Mensa 23.91 297.5 "Moon" in Latin.Margaritifer Sinus

Sinus -9.88 335 "Pearl-bearing" in Latin. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1967 IAU.

Margaritifer Terra

Terra -1.85 335.08 "Pearl-bearing" in Latin.

51


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMargaritifer Chaos

Chaos -9.3 338.3 Pearl-bearing in Latin.

Sinus Meridiani Sinus -4.94 0 Meridies, "mid-day" in Latin. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1967 IAU.Meridiani Planum

Planum -0.04 356.86 Meridies, "mid-day" in Latin.

Niliacus Lacus Lacus 29.71 330 "Lake of the Nile" in Latin. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1967 IAU.

Gordii Dorsum Dorsum 4.11 215.86 "Gordian Knot" in Latin.Gordii Fossae Fossae 14.83 232.4 "Gordian Knot" in Latin.Noctis Labyrinthus

Labyrinthus -6.36 258.81 "Night" in Latin.

Noctis Fossae Fossae -2.69 261.15 "Night" in Latin.Parva Planum Planum -73.67 264.93 "Small" in Latin.Pavonis Mons Mons 1.48 247.04 "Peacock" in Latin.Pavonis Chasma Chasma 2.73 248.98 "Peacock" in Latin.Pavonis Fossae Fossae 4.15 248.71 "Peacock" in Latin.Pavonis Sulci Sulci 4.01 242.63 "Peacock" in Latin.Sacra Fossae Fossae 20.36 290 "Sacred" in Latin.Sacra Dorsa Dorsa 11.21 293.91 "Sacred" in Latin.Sacra Sulci Sulci 22.16 285.3 "Sacred" in Latin.Sacra Mensa Mensa 24.64 291.78 "Sacred" in Latin.Mare Serpentis Mare -29.71 40 "Serpent" in Latin. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1967 IAU.Solis Lacus Lacus -27.72 270 "Sun" in Latin. 1888 Schiaparelli.Solis Planum Planum -26.4 270.33 "Sun" in Latin.Solis Dorsa Dorsa -22.88 280.26 "Sun" in Latin.Tractus Catena Catena 27 257.21 "Tract" in Latin.Tractus Fossae Fossae 25.89 258.72 "Tract" in Latin.Ultimum Chasma

Chasma -81.1 151.37 "Farthest" in Latin.

Ultima Lingula Lingula -76.32 142.56 "Farthest" in Latin.

52


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageUltimi Scopuli Scopuli -77.88 179.04 "Farthest" in Latin.Umbra Regio 49.67 70 "Shadow" in Latin. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

53


Table 4: Classical Albedo Names From Mythology

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMare Acidalium Mare 44.66 330 In Greek mythology, an epithet of

Aphrodite, from a fountain named Acidalius near Orchomenus, in which she was said to bathe.


Acidalia Planitia Planitia 49.76 339.26 In Greek mythology, an epithet of Aphrodite, from a fountain named Acidalius near Orchomenus, in which she was said to bathe.

Acidalia Colles Colles 50.34 336.91 In Greek mythology, an epithet of Aphrodite, from a fountain named Acidalius near Orchomenus, in which she was said to bathe.

Acidalia Mensa Mensa 46.69 334.66 In Greek mythology, an epithet of Aphrodite, from a fountain named Acidalius near Orchomenus, in which she was said to bathe.

Aeolis Regio -5.0 145 In Greek mythology, a floating island where winds were kept in a cave.


Aeolis Mensae Mensae -3.25 140.63 In Greek mythology, a floating island where winds were kept in a cave.

Aeolis Dorsa Dorsa -5.05 152.63 In Greek mythology, a floating island where winds were kept in a cave.

Aeolis Mons Mons -5.08 137.85 In Greek mythology, a floating island where winds were kept in a cave.

Aeolis Palus Palus -4.47 137.42 In Greek mythology, a floating island where winds were kept in a cave.

54


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAeolis Planum Planum -1.14 144.76 In Greek mythology, a floating island

where winds were kept in a cave.Aeolis Serpens Serpens -1.38 149.57 In Greek mythology, a floating island

where winds were kept in a cave.Aesacus Dorsum

Dorsum 36.82 153.15 In Greek mythology, the son of Priam, king of Troy, and Arisbe, daughter of Merops the seer.

Aetheria Regio 39.67 130 1) "Heavenly" in Latin 2) Upper world; land of living


Aganippe Fossa Fossa -8.49 234 In Greek mythology, the son of Priam, king of Troy, and Arisbe, daughter of Merops the seer.

Amazonis Regio 0.0 220 In Greek legend, the land of the Amazons, a nation of female warriors in Pontus near the Euxine Sea, their capital being Themiscyra on the river Thermodon.


Amazonis Planitia

Planitia 25.75 197.09 In Greek legend, the land of the Amazons, a nation of female warriors in Pontus near the Euxine Sea, their capital being Themiscyra on the river Thermodon.

Amazonis Sulci Sulci -2.15 216.29 In Greek legend, the land of the Amazons, a nation of female warriors in Pontus near the Euxine Sea, their capital being Themiscyra on the river Thermodon.

55


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAmazonis Mensa

Mensa -1.98 213.1 In Greek legend, the land of the Amazons, a nation of female warriors in Pontus near the Euxine Sea, their capital being Themiscyra on the river Thermodon.

Amenthes Canalis 4.94 110 Egyptian name for place where souls of the dead go.


Amenthes Fossae

Fossae 9.07 102.68 Egyptian name for place where souls of the dead go.

Amenthes Rupes

Rupes 1.51 110.68 Egyptian name for place where souls of the dead go.

Amenthes Cavi Cavi 16.23 114.52 Egyptian name for place where souls of the dead go.

Amenthes Planum

Planum 3.4 105.92 Egyptian name for place where souls of the dead go.

Amphitrites Patera

Patera -58.7 60.87 In Greek mythology, a sea-goddess, daughter of Nereus and wife of Poseidon. She was one of the Nereids, distinguishable from the others only in her queenly attributes.

Argyre Dorsum -63 287 In Greek mythology, nymph of the spring of the same name in Achaea. Her love for the youth Selemnus died when his beauty faded with the years.

1974 IAU.

Argyre Regio -44.66 335 In Greek mythology, nymph of the spring of the same name in Achaea. Her love for the youth Selemnus died when his beauty faded with the years.

1888 Schiaparelli.

56


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageArgyre Planitia Planitia -49.84 316.69 In Greek mythology, nymph of the

spring of the same name in Achaea. Her love for the youth Selemnus died when his beauty faded with the years.

Argyre Rupes Rupes -62.15 291.25 In Greek mythology, nymph of the spring of the same name in Achaea. Her love for the youth Selemnus died when his beauty faded with the years.

Argyre Cavi Cavi -48.31 319.88 In Greek mythology, nymph of the spring of the same name in Achaea. Her love for the youth Selemnus died when his beauty faded with the years.

Ariadnes Colles Colles -34.5 172.78 In Greek Mythology, the daughter of the Cretan king Minos and his wife Pasiphae.

Arimanes Rupes Rupes -9.84 212.3 Persian deity of wickedness.Aurorae Sinus Sinus -14.83 310 In Roman mythology, the goddess of

dawn, associated with the Greek Eos.1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1967 IAU.

Aurorae Planum Planum -10.41 311.38 In Roman mythology, the goddess of dawn, associated with the Greek Eos.

Aurorae Chaos Chaos -8.47 325.19 In Roman mythology, the goddess of dawn, associated with the Greek Eos.

Auxo Dorsum Dorsum -55.72 318.24 One of the Graces.Bahram Vallis Vallis 20.42 302.86 Younger form of Verethragna, meaning

the killer of the dragon Verethra, the name of a Persian god and of five Sassanid kings of Persia.

57


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCebrenia Regio 49.67 150 1) Kebren, in Greek mythology, a river-

god who was the father of Oenone, the wife of Paris, prince of Troy. 2) Cebrene, a legendary city in the Troad, or the land of Troy, in northeastern Asia Minor. Its exact site is uncertain, but has been conjecturally placed in the eastern part of the plain of Bairamich.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Cerberus Canalis 14.83 155 Hound who had 3 heads; guarded gates of hell.


Cerberus Dorsa Dorsa -13.74 105.29 Hound who had 3 heads; guarded gates of hell.

Cerberus Fossae

Fossae 11.28 166.37 Hound who had 3 heads; guarded gates of hell.

Cerberus Palus Palus 5.78 148.15 Hound who had 3 heads; guarded gates of hell.

Cerberus Tholi Tholi 4.48 164.41 Hound who had 3 heads; guarded gates of hell.

Charis Dorsum Dorsum -55.86 318.53 One of the Graces.Charitum Montes

Montes -58.1 319.71 Greek name for the Graces.

Trivium Charontis

Oasis 19.78 162 "The three roads of Charon," in Greek mythology, the ferryman of the dead; the meeting place of several netherworld rivers.


Charybdis Scopulus

Scopulus -24.14 20.08 In Greek mythology, a whirlpool in the Strait of Messina between Italy and Sicily.

58


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMare Chronium Mare -57.7 150 "Time" in Latin; northern part of World

Sea where eternal dead calm dangerous to ships prevailed.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

Planum Chronium

Planum -59.14 139.5 "Time" in Latin; northern part of World Sea where eternal dead calm dangerous to ships prevailed.

Chronius Mons Mons -61.49 178.01 "Time" in Latin; northern part of World Sea where eternal dead calm dangerous to ships prevailed.

Mare Cimmerium

Mare -19.78 140 Cimmeria, in Greek mythology, the far land of mist.

1888 Schiaparelli.

Terra Cimmeria Terra -32.68 147.75 Cimmeria, in Greek mythology, the far land of mist.

Cleia Dorsum Dorsum -54.86 314.01 One of the Graces.Cyane Sulci Sulci 25.4 231.34 A river in Sicily, said to spring from the

opening in the earth made by Pluto when carrying off Proserpine, and falling into the Anapus. Accoding to Ovid, a transformation of the nymph Cyane.

Cyane Catena Catena 36.25 241.7 A river in Sicily, said to spring from the opening in the earth made by Pluto when carrying off Proserpine, and falling into the Anapus. Accoding to Ovid, a transformation of the nymph Cyane.

59


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCyane Fossae Fossae 31.25 238.83 A river in Sicily, said to spring from the

opening in the earth made by Pluto when carrying off Proserpine, and falling into the Anapus. Accoding to Ovid, a transformation of the nymph Cyane.

Cyclopia Regio -4.94 130 Land where cyclops dwelt.Daedalia Planum

Planum -18.35 234.05 Daedalus, in Greek mythology, the builder of the Cretan labyrinth.

Dioscuria Regio 49.67 40 1) Home of Dioscuri, Polydeuces and Pollux; symbolic name for Sparta. 2) Classical name of Ocancire, a city in Georgia.


Eden Patera Patera 33.77 348.94 In Judeo-Christian tradition, the paradise Jehovah assigned to Adam and Eve, the first humans.

Elysium Regio 24.74 150 In Greek mythology, the abode of the blessed on western edge of world.


Elysium Fossae Fossae 24.08 146.14 In Greek mythology, the abode of the blessed on western edge of world.

Elysium Mons Mons 25.02 147.21 In Greek mythology, the abode of the blessed on western edge of world.

Elysium Planitia Planitia 2.98 154.74 In Greek mythology, the abode of the blessed on western edge of world.

Elysium Catena Catena 17.69 149.73 In Greek mythology, the abode of the blessed on western edge of world.

Elysium Chasma Chasma 22.39 141.51 In Greek mythology, the abode of the blessed on western edge of world.

Elysium Rupes Rupes 25.24 148.04 In Greek mythology, the abode of the blessed on western edge of world.

60


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageEos Chasma Chasma -12.15 320.83 Greek goddess of dawn. According to

Hesiod, she was the daughter of the Titan Hyperion and Thea, and was the sister of Helios and Selene, and by the Titan Astraeus, she was the mother of the winds Zephyrus, Notus, and Boreas, and of Hesperus and the stars. According to Homer, she was by Tithonius the mother of Emathion and Memnon.

Eos Chaos Chaos -16.82 313.48 Greek goddess of dawn. According to Hesiod, she was the daughter of the Titan Hyperion and Thea, and was the sister of Helios and Selene, and by the Titan Astraeus, she was the mother of the winds Zephyrus, Notus, and Boreas, and of Hesperus and the stars. According to Homer, she was by Tithonius the mother of Emathion and Memnon.

Eos Mensa Mensa -11.01 317.84 Greek goddess of dawn. According to Hesiod, she was the daughter of the Titan Hyperion and Thea, and was the sister of Helios and Selene, and by the Titan Astraeus, she was the mother of the winds Zephyrus, Notus, and Boreas, and of Hesperus and the stars. According to Homer, she was by Tithonius the mother of Emathion and Memnon.

61


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageErebus Montes Montes 35.66 185.02 In Greek mythology, a name of the

underworld.Eumenides Dorsum

Dorsum 4.79 203.6 In Greek mythology, the Gracious ones, transformed by Athena from their former existence as the Furies.

Eunostos Canalis 21.77 240 Lucky journey or lucky return; i.e., infernal regions beyond Elysium.


Geryon Montes Montes -7.72 278.38 A mythical king of Spain with three bodies.

Gigas Sulci Sulci 10.02 232.27 In Greek legend, a giant.Gigas Fossae Fossae 3.55 230.44 In Greek legend, a giant.Gorgonum Chaos

Chaos -37.26 189.1 In Greek mythology, a monster with snakes growing out of her head.

Hebes Chasma Chasma -1.07 283.94 Greek goddess of youth.Hebes Mensa Mensa -1.02 283.22 Greek goddess of youth.Hecates Tholus Tholus 32.12 150.24 In Greek mythology, goddess of magic

and enchantment.Hegemone Dorsum

Dorsum -54.72 315.1 One of the Graces.

Hephaestus Fossae

Fossae 20.84 122.85 In Greek mythology, god of fire and the smith of the gods.

Hephaestus Rupes

Rupes 21.77 117 In Greek mythology, god of fire and the smith of the gods.

Hesperia Regio -19.78 120 In Greek mythology, the land of the evening star. A name for Italy (Greek); or Spain (Roman) or West area of Ethiopians where sun sank.


62


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageHesperia Planum

Planum -21.42 109.89 In Greek mythology, the land of the evening star. A name for Italy (Greek); or Spain (Roman) or West area of Ethiopians where sun sank.

Hesperia Dorsa Dorsa -22.8 113.16 In Greek mythology, the land of the evening star. A name for Italy (Greek); or Spain (Roman) or West area of Ethiopians where sun sank.

Horarum Mons Mons -51.05 323.44 Egyptian Sun-god.Hyperborei Cavi Cavi 79.91 310.3 In Greek mythology, "the Land of the

far north".Hyperboreae Undae

Undae 79.96 310.51 In Greek mythology, "the Land of the far north".

Hyperborea Lingula

Lingula 80.32 306.46 In Greek mythology, "the Land of the far north".

Icaria Regio -39.67 230 Land where Icarus lived (Crete). 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1967 IAU.

Icaria Planum Planum -43.27 253.96 Land where Icarus lived (Crete).Icaria Fossae Fossae -48.09 234.84 Land where Icarus lived (Crete).Isidis Planitia Planitia 13.94 88.38 Isis' Region; Isis was Egyptian goddess

of heaven and fertility.Isidis Dorsa Dorsa 12.92 88.21 Isis' Region; Isis was Egyptian goddess

of heaven and fertility.Ismeniae Fossae

Fossae 41.31 38.35 1) Ismenia is poetic term for Thebes. 2) Ismene, in Greek legend, the daughter of Oedipus.

Ismenius Cavus Cavus 33.9 17.08 1) Ismenia is poetic term for Thebes. 2) Ismene, in Greek legend, the daughter of Oedipus.

63


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageIsmenia Patera Patera 38.55 1.8 1) Ismenia is poetic term for Thebes. 2)

Ismene, in Greek legend, the daughter of Oedipus.

Jovis Tholus Tholus 18.2 242.59 Jupiter, in Roman mythology, the ruler of heaven.

Jovis Fossae Fossae 19.77 244.17 Jupiter, in Roman mythology, the ruler of heaven.

Juventae Fons Fons -4.94 297 The "Fountain of Youth;" a fountain in India.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

Juventae Chasma

Chasma -3.37 298.61 The "Fountain of Youth;" a fountain in India.

Juventae Dorsa Dorsa 0.39 288.98 The "Fountain of Youth;" a fountain in India.

Laestrygon Canalis 0 160 In Greek legend, the land of a mythical race of giants and cannibals. On maps dating from the Homeric period it was placed in the western Mediterranean, and was later identified with either Sicily or Latium.


Lemuria Regio 69.78 160 1) In Roman mythology, the land of ghosts. 2) Designation of purported drowned continent south of India.

1895 Lowell.

Medusae Fossae

Fossae -2.17 195.8 In Greek mythology, the gorgon.

Medusae Sulci Sulci -5.04 200.3 In Greek mythology, the gorgon.Memnonia Regio -19.78 210 Land of Memnon, King of Ethiopia, the

son of Aurora.1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Memnonia Fossae

Fossae -23.63 206.18 Land of Memnon, King of Ethiopia, the son of Aurora.

64


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMemnonia Sulci Sulci -7.16 184.17 Land of Memnon, King of Ethiopia, the

son of Aurora.Morpheos Rupes

Rupes -36 125.58 In Greek mythology, the god of dreams.

Nectar Canalis -27.72 288 In Greek mythology, the drink of the gods.


Nectaris Fossae Fossae -23.09 302.84 In Greek mythology, the drink of the gods.

Neith Regio Regio 37.67 88 1) Lower world in Egyptian mythology. 2) The city of the warlike goddess of Suis, who was associated with Athena.


Nepenthes Canalis 19.78 100 In Greek legend, a drug which banished pain. It was given to Helen of Troy while she was in Egypt.


Nepenthes Mensae

Mensae 9.19 119.42 In Greek legend, a drug which banished pain. It was given to Helen of Troy while she was in Egypt.

Nepenthes Planum

Planum 14.01 113.79 In Greek legend, a drug which banished pain. It was given to Helen of Troy while she was in Egypt.

Nereidum Fretum

Fretum -44.66 305 In Greek mythology, the daughters of Nereus and Doris.

Nereidum Montes

Montes -37.57 316.79 In Greek mythology, the daughters of Nereus and Doris.

Nia Fossae Fossae -14.73 288.23 Classical name for the Gambia, a river in West Africa.

Nia Vallis Vallis -53.53 325.19 Classical name for the Gambia, a river in West Africa.

65


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageNirgal Vallis Vallis -28.16 318.32 1) In Sumerian mythology, the god of

the underworld. 2) The Sumerian name of the fourth planet.

Noachis Regio -44.66 30 Biblical; pertaining to Noah. 1888 Schiaparelli.Noachis Terra Terra -50.41 354.84 Biblical; pertaining to Noah.Oceanidum Fossa

Fossa -61.58 330.49 In Greek mythology, the father of the nymphs.

Oceanidum Mons

Mons -54.93 318.77 In Greek mythology, the father of the nymphs.

Ophir Regio -9.88 295 In Judaic legend, the land from which Solomon's Phoenician sailors brought him gold, variously identified with East Africa, the Far East, or Arabia.


Ophir Chasma Chasma -4 287.65 In Judaic legend, the land from which Solomon's Phoenician sailors brought him gold, variously identified with East Africa, the Far East, or Arabia.

Ophir Planum Planum -8.45 302.18 In Judaic legend, the land from which Solomon's Phoenician sailors brought him gold, variously identified with East Africa, the Far East, or Arabia.

Ophir Labes Labes -11.01 291.72 In Judaic legend, the land from which Solomon's Phoenician sailors brought him gold, variously identified with East Africa, the Far East, or Arabia.

Ophir Catenae Catenae -9.46 300.6 In Judaic legend, the land from which Solomon's Phoenician sailors brought him gold, variously identified with East Africa, the Far East, or Arabia.

66


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageOphir Cavus Cavus -9.89 304.96 In Judaic legend, the land from which

Solomon's Phoenician sailors brought him gold, variously identified with East Africa, the Far East, or Arabia.

Orcus Patera Patera 14.13 178.35 In Greek mythology, the god of the underworld.

Ortygia Regio 59.71 0 1) In Greek mythology, a floating island where Leto bore Apollo and Artemis. 2) Ancient name of Delos, a small island off the coast of Sicily near Syracuse.

1901 Antoniadi, 1957 IAU.

Ortygia Colles Colles 53.9 350.7 1) In Greek mythology, a floating island where Leto bore Apollo and Artemis. 2) Ancient name of Delos, a small island off the coast of Sicily near Syracuse.

Pandorae Fretum

Fretum -24.74 44 Pandora, in Greek legend, the first woman, whose name means "the gift of all".

1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

Pasithea Dorsum


Phaenna Dorsum


Phaethontis Regio -49.67 205 The son of Helios, drove Chariot of Sun wildly, so parts of the Earth burst into flame.


Phison Canalis 19.78 40 Biblical first river of Paradise. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Phison Rupes Rupes 26.7 50.35 Biblical first river of Paradise.

67


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePhlegethon Catena

Catena 38.83 256.72 In Greek mythology, the river of fire in the underworld, also known as the Pyriphlegethon, flowing into the Acheron.

Phrixi Regio Regio -39.67 290 Phrixus' Region; Phrixus and sister Helle escaped sacrifice in Boeotia on back of ram with golden fleece.

Promethei Sinus Sinus -64.74 80 Prometheus' Bay; Greek mythological character.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1957 IAU.

Promethei Rupes

Rupes -75.54 90.24 Prometheus' Bay; Greek mythological character.

Promethei Terra Terra -64.37 97 Prometheus' Bay; Greek mythological character.

Promethei Chasma

Chasma -82.66 141.39 Prometheus' Bay; Greek mythological character.

Promethei Lingula

Lingula -82.8 119.89 Prometheus' Bay; Greek mythological character.

Promethei Mons Mons -70.57 87.44 Prometheus' Bay; Greek mythological character.

Protei Regio Regio -22.76 310 Proteus' Region; Proteus was a sea god with a gift of prophecy.


Protonilus Canalis 41.66 45 "First Nile" in Greek, designating the eastern part of Nilus Canale.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA.

Pyramus Fossae Fossae 50.39 66.31 In classical legend, a young Babylonian, the lover of Thisbe.

68


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePyrrhae Regio Regio -14.83 322 1) In Greek mythology, the daughter of

Epimetheus and Pandora, and the wife of Deucalion. 2) In Greek legend, the named assumed by the young Achilles in his disguise as a girl when he was hidden by his mother Thetis in the court of Lycomedes on the island of Scyrus.


Pyrrhae Chaos Chaos -10.46 331.6 1) In Greek mythology, the daughter of Epimetheus and Pandora, and the wife of Deucalion. 2) In Greek legend, the named assumed by the young Achilles in his disguise as a girl when he was hidden by his mother Thetis in the court of Lycomedes on the island of Scyrus.

Scylla Scopulus Scopulus -25.22 18.34 In Greek mythology, a nymph transformed into a sea monster who terrorizes sailors in the Strait of Messina.

Mare Sirenum Mare -29.71 205 Sea of the Sirens. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1957 IAU.

Sirenum Fossae Fossae -35.57 197.26 Sea of the Sirens. 1974 IAU.Terra Sirenum Terra -39.49 205.85 Sea of the Sirens.Sisyphi Planum Planum -69.64 6.41 A legendary king of Corinth condemned

eternally to repeat the cycle of rolling a heavy rock up a hill in Hades each day only to roll down again as it nears the top.

69


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSisyphi Cavi Cavi -72.2 353.7 A legendary king of Corinth condemned

eternally to repeat the cycle of rolling a heavy rock up a hill in Hades each day only to roll down again as it nears the top.

Sisyphi Montes Montes -69.65 13.08 A legendary king of Corinth condemned eternally to repeat the cycle of rolling a heavy rock up a hill in Hades each day only to roll down again as it nears the top.

Sisyphi Tholus Tholus -75.68 341.47 A legendary king of Corinth condemned eternally to repeat the cycle of rolling a heavy rock up a hill in Hades each day only to roll down again as it nears the top.

Tantalus Fossae Fossae 49.83 263.91 In Greek mythology, a son of Zeus.Tantalus Fluctus Fluctus 35.93 264.32 In Greek mythology, a son of Zeus.Tartarus Colles Colles 21.24 175.19 In Greek mythology, a name of the

underworld.Tartarus Montes Montes 15.46 167.54 In Greek mythology, a name of the

underworld.Tartarus Rupes Rupes -6.5 175.71 In Greek mythology, a name of the

underworld.Tartarus Scopulus

Scopulus -4.23 177.25 In Greek mythology, a name of the underworld.

Thaumasia Regio -34.68 275 In Greek mythology, god of clouds, the father of the Harpies and of Iris.


Thaumasia Fossae

Fossae -47.75 268.95 In Greek mythology, god of clouds, the father of the Harpies and of Iris.

70


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageThaumasia Planum

Planum -21.66 294.78 In Greek mythology, god of clouds, the father of the Harpies and of Iris.

Thoth Canalis 29.71 105 1) In Egyptian mythology, the god of letters, invention, and wisdom. 2) The first month of the Egyptian calendar. 3) A festival that was observed in ancient Egypt during the month of Thoth.


Thyle I Regio -69.78 180 In Greek legend, an island of the far north, possibly associated with middle Norway


Thyles Montes Montes -69.88 126.54 In Greek legend, an island of the far north, possibly associated with middle Norway

Thyles Rupes Rupes -69.32 132.28 In Greek legend, an island of the far north, possibly associated with middle Norway. Name and feature changes 1984 from Ultimi Cavi and Thyles Chasma.

Tithonius Lacus Lacus -4.94 275 Tithonian Lake; Tithonus received from his wife Eos eternal life but not eternal youth.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, .

Tithonium Chasma

Chasma -4.6 275.71 In Greek mythology, the husband of Aurora.

Tithoniae Fossae

Fossae -4.32 276.96 In Greek mythology, the husband of Aurora.

Tithoniae Catenae

Catenae -5.5 278.18 In Greek mythology, the husband of Aurora.

Tiu Valles Valles 16.23 325.14 In Teutonic mythology, the god of war.Uchronia Regio 69.78 100 Land of Agelessness. 1901 Antoniadi, 1967 IAU.

71


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageUlysses Colles Colles 6.14 236.91 Also called Odysseus, in Greek legend,

king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem Odyssey.

Ulysses Patera Patera 2.95 238.58 Also called Odysseus, in Greek legend, king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem Odyssey.

Ulysses Fossae Fossae 9.95 236.93 Also called Odysseus, in Greek legend, king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem Odyssey.

Ulysses Tholus Tholus 2.96 238.5 Also called Odysseus, in Greek legend, king of Ithaca and the hero of Homer's epic poem Odyssey.

Uranius Dorsum Dorsum 23.79 284.96 Heavenly in Greek. In Greek mythology, one of the muses, the nine daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne. Urania was the muse of astronomy and celestial forces, and arbitress of fate.

Utopia Regio 49.67 110 Nowhere in Greek, used by Thomas More for the ideal state.


Vulcani Pelagus Insula -34.68 345 Roman god of fire.Xanthe Regio 9.88 310 Golden-Yellow Land. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.Xanthe Chaos Chaos 11.87 317.78 Golden-Yellow Land.

72


Table 5: Lost Names of Classical Mars From Ancient Geography

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAcadinus Fons Fons 42 320 A fountain of Sicily, near Palica,

endued with the quality of testing oaths, those written falsely sinking at once to the bottom.

1905 Lowell.

Acalandrus Canalis -67 40 1) Classical name of the Cavone, a river in the Basilicata region in Italy, emptying into the Gulf of Taranto. 2) Classical name of a stream in Lucania, Italy, now called Calandro.

1895 Lowell.

Acampsis Canalis -25 260 Classical name of the Coruh or Coroch or Churuk Su, a river in Georgia and Turkish Armenia, falling into the Black Sea.

1895 Lowell, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Acesines Canalis -20 328 1) Classical name of the Chenab, a river in Kashmir and Pakistan. 2) Classical name of the Cantara, a river in Sicily.

1895 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Achana Canalis -2 237 A river of northern Arabia, towards the Euphrates.

1895 Lowell.

Achates Canalis -50 92 1) Classical name of the Drillo, a river in Sicily, in which agates were found. 2) In Vergil's Aeneid, the companion of Aeneas. The expression fidus Achates was proverbial for a loyal and devoted companion.

1895 Lowell.

Achelous Canalis 20 116 Classical name of the Aspropotamo, a river in western Greece.

1895 Lowell.

Acherusia Palus Palus 31 267 Classical name of Baba Burnu, a cape in Turkey opposite the island of Lesbos.

1895 Lowell.

73


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAchillis Pons Pons 43 340 In Greek mythology, the son of Peleus,

king of the Myrmidons of Phthia in Thessaly, and Thetis, one of the Nereids.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1, and 1971 NASA SP-263.

Acube Oasis -36 162 1) Classical name of Mauro Limni, a lake of Perrhaebia in Thessaly, northwest of Gonnus. 2) A river of Pontus, falling into the Euxine.

1905 Lowell.

Adonis Canalis 65 165 1) Classical name of the Nahr Ibrahim, a river in Lebanon. 2) In Greek mythology, the son of Theias, king of Syria, by his daughter Smyrna (Myrrha), whom Aphrodite had inspired with unnatural love.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, and 1905 Lowell.

Aegyptus Canalis -9 49 Classical name of Egypt, the country forming the northeastern extremity of Africa.

1905 Lowell.

Aesis Canalis -15 262 Classical name of the Esino, a river in the Marches of Italy, emptying into the Adriatic Sea near Acona.

1895 Lowell.

Alander Canalis 25 290 Classical name of the Bayat Tchai, a river in the Phrygia region of Turkey, a tributary of the Sakaria.

1905 Lowell.

Ammonium Oasis 2 190 Classical name of the Siwa oasis in the Libyan desert.

1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA.

Amphrysus Canalis -33 295 Classical name of the Armiro, a river of Phthiotis, Thessaly. On its banks Apollo fed the flocks of Admetus.

1895 Lowell.

Amystis Canalis 17 295 "To empty a goblet in one swallow" in Latin, a river of India.

1895 Lowell.

74


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAnapus Canalis 12 230 1) Classical name of the Aetos, a river

of Acarnania, falling into the Achelous. 1) Classical name of the Alfeo, a river of Sicily, falling into the Siculum Mare at Syracuse.

1895 Lowell.

Anian Fretum Fretum 46 130 Streto de Anian, a strait between Asia and North America on Mercator's 1569 map, corresponding to the Bering Strait.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Anixus Canalis -24 175 Possibly Anisus, classical name of the Ens River of Austria.

1901 Antoniadi.

Aornos Lacus Lacus 32 175 Classical name of the city of Mahaban in Pakistan, conquered by Alexander the Great in 327 B.C.

1955 BAA.

Aous Canalis 52 128 Classical name of the Viossa or Vijose, a river in Albania.

1905 Lowell.

Aquae Apollinares

Oasis -5 177 Classical name of Bagni di Stigliano, baths in Etruria, on the river Minio, between Sabate and Tarquinii, on Via Claudia.


Aponi Fons Fons 20 150 Aponi Fons, classical name of the town of Abano Bagni, near Padua in the Venetia region of Italy.

1895 Lowell.

Aquae Calidae Canalis 40 110 Classical name of Vichy, baths of the Averni, Aquitania, north of Augustonemetum.

1905 Lowell.

Arachoti Fons Fons 7 213 Classical name of Ab-i-Istada, a lake in Afghanistan.

1895 Lowell.

75


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAraxes Canalis -25 245 Classical name of the Araks or Aras, a

river forming most of the border between Iran on the south and the Armenian Republic and Azerbaijan on the north.


Arduenna Oasis 8 228 Classical name of the Ardennes Forest. 1895 Lowell.Argaeus Canalis 64 95 Classical name of the Erjish Dagh, a

mountain in the Cappadocia region of Turkey near the city of Kaisarieh (Caesarea Mazaca).

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell.

Arges Canalis -5 183 Classical name of the Argescul or Argesh, a river in Romania.

1895 Lowell.

Arius Canalis 58 343 Classical name of the Hari-Rud, a river in Afghanistan and Turkmenistan.

1955 BAA.

Aroeris Canalis -49 50 Alternate spelling of Aroer (Arurah), a city in Israel.

1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell.

Arosis Canalis 17 50 Classical name of the Tab or Rasain, a river separating Susiana from Persis, falling into Persicus Sinus below Oroatis.

1895 Lowell.

Arsanias Canalis 35 40 Classical name of the Murat Su, a river in Turkey.

1895 Lowell.

Arsine Oasis -7 248 Col d"Arsine, a pass in the Alps between La Grave and Monestier in France.

1895 Lowell.

Ascanius Canalis -43 180 1) Classical name of Iznik Geul, a lake in Turkey east of the Sea of Marmara. 2) In Greek mythology, son of Aeneas.


Astaboras Canalis 30 70 Classical name of the Atbara, a river in Ethiopia and Sudan, falling into the Nile.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

76


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAstusapes Canalis 35 70 A river of Ethiopia, according to Strabo,

possibly the Blue Nile or the Abai, a tributary.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Atax Canalis -10 165 Classical name of the Aude, a river in France.

1895 Lowell.

Athesis Canalis -25 92 Classical name of the Adige or Etsch, a river in Venezia, northern Italy.

1895 Lowell.

Augila Oasis 7 183 Classical name of Awjilah, a town in Libya.

1895 Lowell.

Axon Canalis 10 183 A river of Caria, falling into the Indus near Calynda.

1895 Lowell.

Bactrus Canalis 5 268 Classical name of the Balkh or Dehasch, a river of Bactria, falling into the Oxus below Bactra.

1895 Lowell.

Bandusiae Fons Fons 19 225 Bandusia, a spring in the Latium region of Italy.

1895 Lowell.

Bathys Canalis -35 265 Classical Greek spelling of Batum, a Russian seaport in the Black Sea.

1895 Lowell; 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Bathys Portus Portus -40 265 Classical Greek spelling of Batum, a Russian seaport in the Black Sea.

1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Bautis Canalis -10 170 *Possibly Bautisius, Classical name of the Hwang Ho.

1895 Lowell.

Belus Canalis -5 188 1) Greek spelling of the Phoenician god Baal. 2) Classical name of the Nahr Na"aman, a river in Israel.

1895 Lowell.

Benacus Lacus Lacus -47 240 Classical name of Garda, a lake in the Venetia region of Italy.

1895 Lowell.

Byce Oasis 62 253 Classical name of Guiloe More, a morass of Sarmatia, formed by Palus Maeotis, at the entrance of Coretus Sinus.

1905 Lowell.

77


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCaicus Canalis -25 304 Classical name of the Bakir Chai, a

river in Turkey.1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell.

Cales Canalis -12 60 A river of Bithynia, falling into the Euxine Sea At Cales.

1905 Lowell.

Calor Canalis 60 345 1) "Warmth" in Latin. 2) Classical name of the Sele, a river in the Campania region of Italy.

1905 Lowell.

Cantabras Canalis 5 345 Another Greek name of the Ravi, a river in India.


Carpis Canalis 0 62 Another name for the Dravus, a river in Illyria.

1895 Lowell.

Castorius Lacus Lacus 55 200 Classical spelling of Kastorias, a lake in Greece, on whose shore is the town of Kastoria.

1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Casuentus Canalis -10 50 Classical name of the Basento, a river in the Basilicata region of Italy.

1895 Lowell.

Cayster Canalis -60 240 Classical spelling of the Caystrus, a river in Turkey.

1895 Lowell.

Cedron Canalis -65 350 Classical spelling of Kidron, the "black torrent," the brook flowing through the ravine below the eastern wall of Jerusalem; mentioned in 2 Samuel 15:23.

1901 Antoniadi.

Centrites Canalis -20 97 Another name for the Nicephorius, a river of Armenia Magna, falling into the Nymphaeus belos Tigranocerta.

1895 Lowell.

Cestrus Canalis -22 292 1) Classical name of the Ak Su, a river in the Pamphylia region of Turkey. 2) In Greek mythology, the name of Aphrodite's girdle.

1895 Lowell.

78


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageChaboras Canalis -20 145 Classical name of the Khabur, a river in

Turkey.1895 Lowell.

Choapses Canalis 62 170 Classical name of the Kerkheh, a river in Iran.

1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Chretes Canalis -8 148 A river on the west coast of Africa,variusot identified as the St. John or the Wadi Sus, the Subus of Ptolemy.

1895 Lowell.

Chrysorrhoas Canalis 2 288 "Flowing with gold" in Greek, classical name of the Barada, a river in Syria.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1905 Lowell.

Cinyphus Canalis -25 118 Classical spelling of the Cinyps, a river in Libya.

1895 Lowell.

Circaeum Promontorium

Promontorium

-20 94 Circe, the enchantress in Homer's Odyssey.


Clitumnus Canalis 10 295 Classical name of the Clitunno, a sacred river in Umbria, Italy, falling into the Tiber above Vettuna.

1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell.

Clodianus Canalis 18 252 Classical name of the Muga and Lobregat Menor rivers, falling into the Mediterranean at Emporiae.

1895 Lowell.

Cophen Canalis -20 173 Classical name of the Kabul, a river in Afghanistan.

1895 Lowell.

Cozan Canalis 28 180 Possibly the name of a lost city in Belize.

1905 Lowell.

79


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCraneum Oasis 32 308 1) Possibly Cranae, classical name of

Marathonisi, an island in the Gulf of Laconia, off the coast of Gythium. Paris and Helen are said to have stopped here when they eloped from Sparta, and she first yeilded to him in love. 2) Possibly Cranaus, who in Greek legend succeeded Cecrops as king of Cecropia. When Cecrops daughter Atthis died, Cranaus renamed the kingdom Attica in her honor.

1905 Lowell.

Crocea Regio -2 85 A town in Greece. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Cyanaeus Canalis -30 147 A river of Colchis, falling into the Euxine.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell.

Cynia Lacus Lacus -32 123 Classical name of Lago d'Antolico, a salt lake of Acarnania.

1895 Lowell.

Cyrus Canalis -55 258 Classical name of the Kura, a river in Azerbaijan.

1895 Lowell.

Daix Canalis -5 12 Classical name of the Daik Ural, a river os Scythia, falling into the Caspian Sea.

1895 Lowell.

Dara Canalis -26 94 Classical name of the Darabin, a river of Carmania, falling into the Persicus Sinus.

1905 Lowell.

Daradax Canalis -5 17 Classical name of a river in Syria, falling into the Euphrates between Barbalissus and Eragiza.

1895 Lowell.

80


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageDargamanes Canalis -20 340 A river in Bactria, which rises in the

Paraponisus and supposedly joins the Ochus to the west of the Zariaspes (Balhāb), and then flows together with the Ochus into the Oxus.

1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Diagon Canalis -23 285 A river of Elis, falling into the Alphaeus. 1905 Lowell.Digentia Canalis -33 208 Classical name of the Licenza, a river

of Sabinium, Italy, falling into the Curensis.

1895 Lowell.

Dirce Fons Fons 40 355 1) Classical name of Plakiotissa, a river in Greece. 2) In Greek mythology, the wife Lycus, king of Thebes.

1905 Lowell.

Dire Canalis -10 350 Classical name of the Bab el Mandeb, the strait between Arabicus Sinus and Erythraeum Mare.

1905 Lowell.

Djihoun Canalis 10 353 1) Another classical name of the Oxus, the Amu-Darya of Certral Asia. 2) A river of Cilicia, also called the Pyramus.

1905 Lowell.

Dodon Canalis -2 307 1) Dodona, a city in Greece. 2) Dodona, in Greek mythology, an oracle in the land of oak trees.

1905 Lowell.

Dosaron Canalis -10 60 A river of India, falling into the sea at Callinga.


Draco Canalis 3 271 1) Also known as Dracon, another name for Python, the serpent of the caves of Parnassus. 2) Classical name of the Nahr al "Asi, a river in Syria.

1905 Lowell.

Drahonus Canalis -57 235 Classical name of the Dhron, Drone, or Traun, which flows into the Mosella (Mosel) at Neumagen.

1895 Lowell.

81


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageDur Canalis -35 213 Classical name of the Anaz, a river in

Iraq.1905 Lowell.

Eleon Oasis 21 199 "Marshy" in Greek, a town of Boeotia on the Asopus near Tanagra.

1905 Lowell.

Elisson Canalis -20 225 Classical name of the Melisso, a river of Achaia, falling into Corinthiacus Sinus.


Endor Oasis 30 330 Ancient spelling of Ein Dor, a town in Israel.

1905 Lowell.

Engeddi Oasis 30 324 Ancient spelling of Ein Gedi, a town in Israel.

1905 Lowell.

Erannoboas Canalis -26 310 Classical name of the Son, a river in India.

1895 Lowell.

Erasinus Canalis 54 116 Classical name of the Kefalari, a river of Argolis, falling into Argolicus Sinus. 2) A river of Attica, falling into the Aegean Sea.

1905 Lowell.

Erigone Canalis 60 213 Ancient name of the Tcherna, a river in Greece.


Erymanthus Canalis -13 90 Classical name of the Dogana, a river of Arcadia, falling into the Alpheus above Phrixus.


Escol Canalis -18 246 A river of Judea, falling into the Mediterranean at Ascalon.

1905 Lowell.

Eulaeus Canalis 0 20 Classical name of the Karun, a river in Iran.


Eurotas Canalis 53 210 Ancient name of the Vasiliko, a river in Greece.


Eurymedon Canalis -27 205 Classical name of the Keupri Su, a river in Turkey.

1895 Lowell.

82


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageEuxinus Lacus Lacus -45 205 Classical name of the Black Sea. 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1, 1971

NASA SP-263.Evenus Canalis -12 198 Classical name of the Tehandeli, a river

of Aeolis Asiatica, falling into the Adramyttenus Sinus.

1895 Lowell.

Fastigium Aryn Oasis 10 15 The principal point. 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Ferentinae Lucus

Lucus 40 225 1) Classical mane of Ferenti, a town of Etruria. 2) Classical name of Ferentino, a town on the Via Latina.

1895 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Lucus Feronia Lucus 7 320 Lucus Feroniae, a grove near Nazzano in Italy.

1895 Lowell.

Fevos Canalis 49 195 Classical name of the Vraita, a river of Gallia Cisaplina, falling into the Padus.

1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA.

Flevo Lacus Lacus -20 113 Classical name of the Zuider Zee in The Netherlands.

1895 Lowell.

Flusor Canalis 34 173 Classical name of the Chiento, a river of Picenum, falling into the Adriatic Sea.

1905 Lowell.

Forath Oasis 55 311 Classical name of Basra Ferath, a town of Mesene Inferior, Babylon, on the Tigris, near Charax.

1905 Lowell.

Gaesus Canalis -28 133 A river of Ionia, falling into the Gaeson Palus.

1895 Lowell.

Galaesus Canalis -25 105 Classical name of the Galeso, a river of Italy, falling into the harbor of Tarentum.

1895 Lowell.

Gehon I Canalis 10 354 1) Biblical second River of Paradise; bordering Eden. 2) A river in Africa mentioned in the Bible, possibly referring to the Nile.


83


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageGehon II Canalis 28 345 1) Biblical second River of Paradise;

bordering Eden. 2) A river in Africa mentioned in the Bible, possibly referring to the Nile.


Gelbes Canalis 33 181 A river of Bithynia, falling into the Propontis.

1905 Lowell.

Ger Canalis 68 274 * Possibly the Gera, a river in Germany. 1905 Lowell.Ginea Oasis 21 89 "Fountain of Gardens," classical name

of Jemin, a town of Issachar, in Galilaea, on the confines of Samaria.

1905 Lowell.

Glaucus Canalis 12 237 Classical name of the Kufu Chai, a river in Asia Minor.

1895 Lowell.

Glykys Oasis 25 152 The "port of sweet water," a harbor of Epirus, at the mouth of the Acheron.

1905 Lowell.

Gygaea Oasis 50 165 Classical name of Lake Mermere or Gheul, an artificial lake of Lydia.

1905 Lowell.

Gyndes Canalis 50 165 Classical name of the Diala, a river in Iran, flowing into the Tigris.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1971 NASA SP-263.

Halys Canalis -9 255 Classical name of the Kizil Irmak, a river in Turkey.

1895 Lowell.

Hammonis Cornu

Promontorium

-5 45 An ancient Libyan deity. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Harpasus Canalis -35 190 1) Classical name of the Arpa Chai in Armenia. 2) Classical name of the Ak Chai in Turkey.

1895 Lowell.

Heliconius Canalis 59 151 A mountain in Greece. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1905 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Helisson Canalis -22 135 A river in Arcadia, falling into the Alpheus.


84


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageHeratemis Canalis -30 197 A river of Persia, falling into the sea at

or near Ieratis.1895 Lowell.

Herculis Columnae

Canalis -40 230 "Pillars of Hercules," the Classical name of the Strait of Gibraltar.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi.

Hercynia Silva Silva -11 234 Classical name of a forest in central Germany.

1895 Lowell.

Hipparis Canalis -20 318 Classical name of the Carina, a river of Sicily, falling into Camarina Lacus.

1895 Lowell.

Hippocrene Fons

Fons 18 267 A spring on Mt. Helicon in Boeotia, Greece, where Pegasus struck his hoof, sacred to the Muses.

1895 Lowell.

Hippus Canalis -25 75 Classical name of the Rion, a river in Colchis, falling into the Phasis.

1895 Lowell.

Horarum Promontorium

Promontorium

-40 330 Egyptian Sun-god. 1901 Antoniadi.

Hydrae Pons Pons 0 315 Ancient spelling of Idhra, an island in the Aegean Sea.

1971 Lowell Observatory.

Hylias Canalis -20 83 A river of Bithynia, flowing into Cianus Sinus.


Hyllus Canalis -56 50 1) A river of Lydia, falling into the Hermus. 2) In Greek legend, the eldest son of Heracles.


Hyphasis Canalis 5 337 Classical name of the Beas, a river in India, arising in the Himachal Pradesh region of the Himalayas and joining the Sutlej near Kasur.

1895 Lowell.

Hyrgis Canalis 62 284 Classical name of the Donetz, a river of Sarmatia Asiatica, falling into the Tanais above Gelonus.

1905 Lowell.

85


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageJaxartes Canalis 72 345 Classical name of the Syr-Darya, a

river in Kazakhstan. The Baikonur Cosmodrome is located near the banks of the Syr-Darya.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA.

Idalius Canalis 63 130 Idalium, the ancient seat of the worship of Aphrodite on Cyprus.


Idex Canalis -10 341 Classical name of the Idice, a river of Gallia Cispadana, falling into the Padus.

1905 Lowell.

Ilissus Canalis 65 220 Classical name of the Illise, a stream of Attica, rising northeast of Athens.


Inca City * -80 296 A pre-Columbian civilization in Peru. A complex of intersecting rectilinear faults first identified in Mariner 9 image 4212-45, 1972 February 12, 192 Scorpius 25.

Ionium Canalis -25 65 The sea between Greece and southern Italy.

1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Is Canalis 14 388 1) A river of Babylon, running into the Euphrates. 2) A stream in Lucania, falling into Infernum Mare.

1905 Lowell.

Isca Canalis 68 91 Classical name of Caerleon, a city in England.

1905 Lowell.

Isos Oasis 8 264 1) Classical name of Lokosi, a town of Boeotia. 2) A town of Megaris, at the foot of Mount Cithaeron.

1905 Lowell.

Jabbok Canalis 66 278 Ancient name of the Nahr ez-Zerka, a river in Jordan.

1905 Lowell.

Jomanes Canalis 55 40 An alternate spelling of the Yamuna, a river in India.

1905 Lowell.

86


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageJordanis Canalis 38 348 A river in southwestern Asia, arising in

Lebanon, flowing through the Sea of Galilee, and emptying into the Dead Sea.


Kison Canalis 65 19 A river of Galilaea, falling into the Mediterranean Sea near Carmelum.


Krith Canalis 10 277 A stream of Benjamin, running from Bethel into the Jordan, below Jericho.

1905 Lowell.

Labotas Canalis 5 15 Classical name of the Aswad, a river of Apamene, Syria, falling into the Orontes.

1895 Lowell.

Laeron Canalis -18 158 A river of Tarraconensis, falling into the Atlantic Ocean at Ad Duos Pontes.

1905 Lowell.

Lapadon Canalis 46 268 A sacred stream of Bruttium. 1905 Lowell.Lausonius Lacus Lacus -26 270 Classical name of Lake Geneva in

Switzerland.1895 Lowell.

Leontes Canalis -30 160 Classical name of the Nahr al Litani in Lebanon.


Lez Canalis 57 286 *A river in France. 1905 Lowell.Litana Silva Silva 5 258 A forest of Gallia Cispadana, extending

along the base of the Apennines from the Scultenna to the Secies.

1905 Lowell.

Lophis Canalis 42 80 A stream of Boeotia, falling into Copais Lacus.

1905 Lowell.

Lucus Lucrinus Lucus 4 143 A lake in the Campania region in Italy. 1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell.Maeander Canalis -33 247 Classical name of the Menderes Chai,

a river in Turkey.1895 Lowell.

Maeotis Palus Palus 58 240 Classical name of the Sea of Azov, an inlet of the Black Sea adjoining the Crimean Peninsula.

1901 Antoniadi.

87


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMalva Canalis -43 248 1) "Marrow" in Latin. 2) Classical name

of the Mulwiay or Mulucha, a river in *,1895 Lowell.

Mapharitis Oasis -5 266 From Mapharitae. 1) A people of Arabia Felix. 2) A tribe of Homeritae, Arabiae.

1895 Lowell.

Margus Canalis 23 5 Classical name of the Morava, a river in Yugoslavia.

1895 Lowell.

Medus Canalis 13 195 A river of Persis, falling into the Araxes at Persepolis.

1895 Lowell.

Mogrus Canalis -41 241 A river of Colchis, falling into the Euxine Sea near Phasis.

1895 Lowell.

Naarmalcha Canalis 19 42 "Royal river," a canal between the Euphrates at Fissenia and the Tigris at Seleucia.

1905 Lowell.

Naarsares Canalis 23 28 Classical name of the Narsi, a canal of the Euphrates, between Pirisabora, through Babylon, and above Sura.

1905 Lowell.

Nar Canalis 40 125 Ancient name of the Nera, a river in Italy.


Narba Canalis 1 66 A canal connecting the Tigris at Opis with the Euphrates above Aserga.

1905 Lowell.

Neda Canalis 5 194 A river of Peloponnesus, falling into the Ionian Sea below Pyrgi.

1895 Lowell.

Nerigos Regio 65 280 A supposed island of Scandinavia associated with Norway.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA.

Nessonis Lacus Lacus -24 279 Classical name of Lake Nezero, a marsh of Pelasgiotis, in Thessaly.

1895 Lowell.

Neudrus Canalis -30 350 A river of India, falling into the Hydraotes.

1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell.

Nigir Canalis 40 88 Ancient spelling of Niger, a river in West Africa.

1905 Lowell.

Nitriae Oasis 8 200 A monastery in Egypt. 1895 Lowell.

88


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageNuba Lacus Lacus -33 105 A lake of Aethiopia. 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De

Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Nuchul Canalis 30 90 A river of Libya Interior, of uncertain position.

1905 Lowell.

Nymphaeus Canalis 5 115 1) A river of Armenia Major, falling into the Tigris near Amida. 2) Classical name of the Nimfio, a river of Latium, falling into the Tyrrhenian Sea near Tarracina.

1895 Lowell.

Nymphaeum Promontorium

Promontorium

15 60 Classical name of Capo San Giorgio, the southwest headland of Acte peninsula in Macedonia.

1971 NASA SP-263.

Odon Canalis 39 271 *A river in France. 1905 Lowell.Oeroe Canalis 45 190 A river of Boeotia, falling into Alcyonium

Mare at Creusis.1905 Lowell.

Opharus Canalis -20 123 Another name of the Ocharus, a river of Sarmatia Asiatica.

1895 Lowell.

Orontes Canalis 10 25 Classical name of the Nahr al "Asi, a river in Syria.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA.

Orsines Canalis -10 65 Classical name of the Gongere, a river of Caria, falling into the Maeander below Antiochia.

1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Osiris Promontorium

Promontorium

12 74 In Egyptian mythology, the god of the underworld.

1901 Antoniadi.

Pactolus Canalis 10 125 Classical name of the Bagouly, a river of Lydia, falling into the Hermus.


Padargus Canalis -28 185 A river of Persis, falling into Persicus Sinus near Hieratis.

1895 Lowell.

89


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePalamnus Canalis 5 257 Classical name of the Sefano, a river of

the Taulantii, in Illyria, falling into the Adreiatic Sea near Epidamnus.

1895 Lowell.

Palicorum Lacus Lacus -28 280 A lake of Sicily, a crater of an extinct volcano, near Palice.

1895 Lowell.

Palinuri Fretum Fretum -57 230 Ponta Palinuro in Italy. 1901 Antoniadi.Pallene Canalis 33 177 Ancient name of the Cassandra

Peninsula in Greece.1905 Lowell.

Pambotis Lacus Lacus 5 145 1) A lake in Greece. 2) A lake in Italy. 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Permessius Canalis 67 105 Classical name of the Xero Mais, a river of Boeotia, falling into Copais Lacus near Haliartus. Sacred to the Muses.

1901 Antoniadi.

Phasis Canalis -40 250 Classical name of the Rioni, a river in Georgia.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Pierias Canalis 58 55 Pieria, a region of Macedonia. 1901 Antoniadi, Pierius per 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Pnix Oasis 60 197 A promontory of Marmarica, south of Portus Phoeniceus.

1905 Lowell.

Pnups Oasis Oasis 26 84 Classical name of Aarnara, a town of Meroe, on the Nile.

1905 Lowell.

Pontica Depressio

Regio -45 265 At first a designation of the north coast of Asia Minor, form Colchis to the Halys; later established as a kingdom, named from the Puntus Euxinus.


Poros Canalis -5 55 1) An island in Greece. 2) A city in Greece.

1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

90


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePras Oasis 54 174 1) Prasiae, a town in Greece. 2)

Prasiae, a town in Greece. 3) Prasias, a lake in Turkey.

1905 Lowell.

Pseboas Lacus Lacus 33 63 Classical name of Lake Tana in Ethiopia.

1901 Antoniadi.

Psillis Canalis 30 237 An ancient tribe in Africa. 1905 Lowell.Psychrus Canalis -45 177 Ancient spelling of Zakro, a town in

Crete.1895 Lowell.

Rha Canalis -70 120 Classical name of the Volga, a river in Russia.

1895 Lowell.

Rhizius Canalis 63 78 Classical name of the Rizieh, a river in Pontus, falling into the Euxine.

1905 Lowell.

Rhyndacus Canalis 60 174 Classical name of the Edrenos Chai, a river in Turkey.

1901 Antoniadi.

Saus Canalis -11 176 A river of Mauretania Caesarensis, falling into the Mediterranean Sea.

1905 Lowell.

Scheria Insula Insula 44 328 An island in the western Mediterranean Sea on maps of the Homeric period, later identified with Corcyra.


Semnon Lucus 37 202 A sacred grove of the Semnones, Germania, on the Viadrus.

1905 Lowell.

Sesamus Canalis -45 83 1) Classical name of a river in Paphlagonia. 2) Ancient name of Amastris, a city in Turkey.

1895 Lowell.

Sigeus Portus Portus -8 30 Sigeum, an ancient Trojan port on Yeni Shehr, a cape in Turkey.


91


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSimois Canalis -45 195 "Shelf-banked" in Greek. 1) Classical

name of the Mendere, a river of Troas. 2) a river of Sicily, falling into the Tyrrhenian Sea near Segestanum Emporium. Named by Aeneas fron the river in Troas.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Sintius Lacus Lacus * * Sintu, ancient name of the Indus, a river in Pakistan.

1955 BAA.

Sirbonis Lacus Lacus 12 45 Classical name of Sebhat Barduil in Egypt.


Sirbonis Palus Palus 15 29 Classical name of Sebhat Barduil in Egypt.


Siris Canalis 45 350 Ancient name of the Sinni, a river in Italy.

1901 Antoniadi.

Sitacus Canalis 10 20 Classical name of the Mand, a river in Iran.

1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Socratis Promontorium

Promontorium

-7 358 Greek philopopher. 1895 Lowell.

Strymon Canalis 27 156 Ancient spelling of the Struma, a river in Greece.

1905 Lowell.

Subus Canalis 18 92 Possibly Subur, classical name of the Seboo, a river of Mauritania Tingitana, falling into the Atlantic Ocean at Banasa.

1905 Lowell.

Suel Canalis -12 162 "Fox" in Phoenician, classical name of Castro de Fumgirola, a port of the Turtetani, Baetica.

1905 Lowell.

Suez Oasis -12 161 The isthmus in Egypt which formerly connected Africa and Asia, now divided by the Suez Canal.

1905 Lowell.

Sus Canalis 57 75 A river of Pieria, Macedonia. 1905 Lowell.

92


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSybaris Canalis 63 308 Ancient spelling of Sibari, a town in the

Calabria region of Italy, fabled for its opulence in Hellenic times.

1905 Lowell.

Symaethus Canalis 67 250 Ancient spelling of the Simeto, a river in Sicily.

1905 Lowell.

Syrgis Canalis 65 69 A river of Sarmatia, falling into Maeotis Palus.

1905 Lowell.

Syrtis Urbs * * "Sand bank" in Latin. Syrtis Major was the ancient name of the Gulf of Sidra, which forms the east coast of Tunisia.

A colonial settlement mentioned in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Syrtis Minor Sinus -3 105 "Sand bank" in Latin. Syrtis Major was the ancient name of the Gulf of Sidra, which forms the east coast of Tunisia.


Syrtis Minor Urbs -3 105 "Sand bank" in Latin. Syrtis Major was the ancient name of the Gulf of Sidra, which forms the east coast of Tunisia.

A colonial settlement, the location of the Lowell Academy, described in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1949.

Syrtis Minor Urbs -3 105 "Sand bank" in Latin. Syrtis Major was the ancient name of the Gulf of Sidra, which forms the east coast of Tunisia.

Terran name of a Martian city, described in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1949.

Tabes Canalis 68 183 A city of Persia, in Khorassan, on the road from Herat to Yezd, 337 miles from the former, and 150 from the latter.

1905 Lowell.

Tamyras Canalis 12 216 Classical name of the Nahr Damur, a river in Lebanon.

1905 Lowell.

Tapis Canalis 29 312 A stream of Attica, falling into Saronicus Sinus near Megara.

1905 Lowell.

Tarsus Canalis 60 320 Tarsus Chai, a river in Turkey. 1905 Lowell.Tedanius Canalis -27 80 Tedanium, the Classical name of the

Zermagna, a river in Yugoslavia.1895 Lowell.

93


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageTempos Oasis 53 324 "Sacred grove," the Aeolian designation

of Tempe in Thessaly.1905 Lowell.

Tharos Promontorium

-13 47 Classical name of Torre di San Giovanni di Sinis, a maritime town of the Aechilenenses, in Sardinia, opposite the mouth of the Tyrsus.

1905 Lowell.

Thermodon Canalis -17 218 1) A river of Boeotia, falling into the Asopus towards Tanagra. 2) Classical name of the Thermeh, a river of Pontus, falling into the Euxine Sea.

1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi.

Thoana Pons Pons 40 110 A town of Arabia Petraea. 1971 Lowell Observatory.Thyanis Canalis -11 197 Thyamis, the ancient name of the

Kalamas, a river in Greece.1895 Lowell.

Thymbra Oasis 59 149 A battlefield site east of ancient Troy in Turkey, where Cyrus the great defeated Croesus, king of Lydia in 546 B.C.

1905 Lowell.

Trinythios Oasis 15 192 Possibly Trinythis, a town of Libya. 1895 Lowell.Tuder Oasis Oasis 46 338 Classical name of Todi, a town of

Umbria, on the Tiber. Sacred to Mars.1905 Lowell.

Xanthus Canalis -45 125 "Yellow" in Greek, classical name of the Eshen Chai, a river in Turkey.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Zar Canalis 63 317 1) Another name of the Canis, a river of Arabia. 2) Classical name of Sharedsje, an island at the mouth of the Zar River in Arabia.

1905 Lowell.

Zared Canalis 65 59 "Embowered," a river of Moab, falling into the Dead Sea.

1905 Lowell.

94


Table 6: Lost Names of Classical Mars From Greek

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageClepsydra Fons Fons 0 121 "Water clock" in Greek. 1895 Lowell.Eosphoros Canalis -15 265 “Dawn-bearer” in Greek. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901

Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

95


Table 7: Lost Names of Classical Mars From History

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageArtanes Canalis 10 247 King of Sophene in the 1st century

B.C., deposed by Tigranes, king of Armenia.

1895 Lowell.

Cambyses Canalis -12 135 Cambyses, the Hellenized name of Kambujiya (d. 521 B.C), the son of Cyrus the Great.


Hippalus Canalis 66 246 1st century navigator who made the first voyage across the Arabian Sea from the Red Sea to India out of sight of land.

1901 Antoniadi.

Lysis Canalis 15 299 Lysis, Greek philosopher. He was a friend and companion of Pythagoreas.

1905 Lowell.

Magon Canalis -53 23 Magon, Carthaginian general, the brother of Hannibal.

1895 Lowell.

Semiraminis Lacus

Lacus 12 45 Semiramis, queen of Babylon. 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Straton Canalis 62 202 A Hellenistic king of Bactria. 1905 Lowell.

96


Table 8: Lost Names of Classical Mars From Latin

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAstrae Lacus Lacus -41 255 "Star" in Latin. 1895 Lowell.Avus Canalis -20 262 "Grandfather" in Latin. 1895 Lowell.Catarrhactes Canalis 12 274 "Waterfal"l in Latin. 1895 Lowell.Via Eterna Canalis 13 147 "Eternity" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Gallinaria Silva Silva -25 255 "Wood of the chicken farmer" in Latin. 1895 Lowell.Gemmatus Canalis -35 295 "Adorned with jewels" in Latin. 1901 Antoniadi, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.Hydriacus Canalis -37 293 "Urn" in Latin. 1895 Lowell.Fons Immortalis Fons 20 144 "Immortal" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Lar Canalis 62 108 "Ancestral spirit" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Nix Lux Nix -5 250 "Light" in Latin. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1971 Lowell

Observatory.Maeras Oasis 23 250 "Grief" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Mesogaea Regio 0 190 "Middle" of the Earth in Latin. 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1968 ACIC

MEC-1, 1971 Lowell Observatory.Minor Lucus Lucus -5 108 "Lesser" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Novemviae Oasis 51 339 "Nine roads" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Novissima Thyle Regio -70 41 "Newest island of the far north" in Latin. 1888 Schiaparelli.Oleaster Lucus Lucus 10 304 A wild olive tree. 1905 Lowell.Primus Lucus Lucus 13 163 "First" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Sonus Canalis 40 282 "Sound" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Triviae Lucus Lucus 12 156 "Three roads" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.Ver Canalis 56 68 "Springtime" in Latin. 1905 Lowell.

97


Table 9: Lost Names of Classical Mars From Mythology

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAchillis Fons Fons 25 310 In Greek mythology, the son of Peleus,

king of the Myrmidons of Phthia in Thessaly, and Thetis, one of the Nereids.


Acis Canalis -60 275 1) Classical name of the Iaci, a river of Sicily. 2) In Greek mythology, the son of Pan and the nymph Symaethis. A beautiful shepherd of Sicily, the lover of the Nereid Galatea.

1895 Lowell.

Aeolus Canalis -22 50 In Greek mythology, the god and father of the winds.

1895 Lowell.

Agathodaemon Canalis -15 300 In Greek mythology, the good spirit of cornfields and vineyards, also regarded as the protecting spirit of the state and of individuals. It was the custom of the Greeks to drink a cup of pure wine in his honor at the end of each meal.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1, 1971 NASA SP-263.

Alcyonius Canalis 45 110 Daughter of Aeolus and wife of Ceyx. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Alcyonia Oasis 13 202 Daughter of Aeolus and wife of Ceyx. 1895 Lowell.Nodus Alcyonius Oasis 30 100 Daughter of Aeolus and wife of Ceyx. 1971 NASA SP-263.Ambrosia Canalis -35 275 1) In Greek mythology, sometimes the

food, sometimes the drink of the gods. 2) One of the Hyades, the daughters of Atlas and Aethra, who were transformed by Zeus into stars for bewailing the death of their brother Hyas.


98


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAngitiae Lucus Lucus -10 133 The goddess of the Marsi tribe, who

derived their name from the god Mars, and were centered in Marruvium on the eastern shore of Lake Furcinus in Italy.

1895 Lowell.

Antaeus Canalis -5 155 In Greek mythology, a giant of Libya, the son of Poseidon and Gaea, an opponent of Heracles.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA.

Anubis Canalis 15 56 A canine deity, one of the most important Egyptian deities. He was god of the dead, of cemeteries, of all supplies for the dead, and therefore of embalming when that became customary.


Argus Regio 0 350 1) In Greek mythology, the son of Inachus, Agenor, or Arestor, or an Earth-born hero according to various accounts. 2) In Greek mythology, the builder of Jason's ship "Argo" whose crew were called the Argonauts. 3) In Greek legend, the old dog of Odysseus, who recognized his master upon his return to Ithaca.


Arion Canalis 68 188 In Greek legend, the horse of Adrastus, who was the leader of the Seven Against Thebes.

1905 Lowell.

Asclepius Canalis 42 80 Also called Aesculapius, in Greek mythology, the god of medicine, the son of Apollo and the nymph Coronis.


99


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAthyr Canalis -19 90 1) A form of the name of the Egyptian

goddess Hathor. 2) The third month of the Egyptian calendar and a festival observed in that month.


Atlantis Regio 12 92 In Greek legend, an island beyond the Pillars of Hercules, first mentioned by Plato in Timaeus.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, Antoniadi, De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1, 1971 NASA SP-263.

Atlantis II Regio -36 188 In Greek legend, an island beyond the Pillars of Hercules, first mentioned by Plato in Timaeus.


Nix Atlantica Nix 12 92 In Greek legend, an island beyond the Pillars of Hercules, first mentioned by Plato in Timaeus.


Boreas Canalis 42 165 In Greek mythology, the personification of the north wind.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Boreum Mare Mare 50 270 In Greek mythology, the personification of the north wind.

1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1957 IAU.

Boreum Planum Planum 50 270 In Greek mythology, the personification of the north wind.

1990 IAU.

Brontes Canalis 20 205 In Greek mythology, a Cyclops, one of the three sons of Uranus and Gaea.

1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Cadmus Canalis 54 57 In Greek legend, the son of Agenor, king of Phoenicia and brother of Europa.

1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell.

100


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCallirrhoe Canalis 58 5 "Flowing beautifully" in Greek. 1) In

Greek legend, the daughter of Scamander, god of the great river of Troy. She was the wife of Tros and the mother of Cleopatra, Ilus the Younger, Assaracus, and Ganymede, and was the ancestor of Aeneas. 2) In Greek legend, the daughter of the river-god Achelous. 3) In Greek legend, a maiden of Calydon who was loved by Coresus, a priest of Dionysus. 4) An historic fountain at Athens on an island in the Ilissus river. 5) Classical name of the Wadi Zarqa' Ma'ayn, a river in Jordan. 6) Classical name of the Birket Khalil, a pond formed by a spring, near Urfa (ancient Edessa) in Turkey.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1968 ACIC MEC-1, 1955 BAA.

Castalia Fons Fons 8 177 The sacred spring at Apollo's oracle at Delphi, from which flows the river Cephissus.

1895 Lowell.

Cephissus Canalis -40 110 1) In Greek mythology, a river-god who was the father of Narcissus. 2) Alternate name for Copais, a lake in the Phocis region of Greece. 3) A river in the Phocis region of Greece, flowing from the Castalia Fons and emptying into Copais. 4) A river in the Attica region of Greece.

1895 Lowell; 1901 Antoniadi.

Chaos Canalis 38 154 In Greek mythology, the father of Night. 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA, 1971 NASA SP-263.

Chaos Regio 38 154 In Greek mythology, the father of Night. 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

101


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageChrysas Canalis -12 290 In Greek legend, the wife of Dardanus. 1895 Lowell.Clarius Canalis 63 267 An epithet of Zeus, meaning "of lots".

The place in Tegea in Arcadia where most of the altars of the gods were set up was known as Zeus Clarius.


Cocytus Canalis 5 113 In Greek mythology, the river of lamentation in the underworld.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1905 Lowell.

Cyclopium Lucus

Lucus -14 137 Land where cyclops dwelt. 1905 Lowell.

Cyclops Canalis -8 130 In Greek mythology, a one-eyed giant. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Daemon Canalis -13 260 In Greek mythology, a spirit. 1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell.Daphne Oasis -7 354 In Greek mythology, the daughter of the

river-god Peneus.1895 Lowell.

Dardanus Canalis 36 295 In Greek mythology, the son of Zeus and Electra.


Dia Regio -60 270 In Roman mythology, the mother of Mercury.

1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs.

Dis Canalis 48 160 In Roman mythology, another name of Pluto.


Erinaeus Canalis -13 203 Erinyes, the Furies. 1895 Lowell.Erynnis Canalis -25 210 One of the Furies. 1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell.Ganymede Canalis -2 291 The cup-bearer of Zeus. 1895 Lowell.Sinus Gomer Sinus 8 122 The Biblical name of a race identified

with the Cimmerians.1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Hades Canalis 40 165 In Greek mythology, the god of the underworld.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

102


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageHerculis Pons Pons 49 190 In Greek mythology, a hero renowned

for his great strength and for performing the 12 labors imposed on him by Hera.


Hesperidum Lucus

Lucus -31 102 In Greek mythology, the daughters of Hesperus.


Iobates Canalis 25 289 In Greek legend, a Lycian king. 1905 Lowell.Iris Canalis 5 260 In Greek mythology, goddess of

rainbows.1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Isis Canalis -47 255 In Egyptian mythology, goddess of magic, the daughter of Keb and Nut, the sister-wife of Osiris, and the mother of Horus.

1895 Lowell.

Japetus Insula Insula -7 25 In Greek mythology, a Titan, the father of Atlas and Prometheus.


Nodus Laocoontis

Oasis 20 115 Laocoon, in Greek legend, a Trojan priest.

1968 ACIC MEC-1, 1971 NASA SP-263.

Lerne Oasis -21 254 Lerna, abode of the Hydra, the three-headed monster killed by Heracles.

1895 Lowell.

Lethes Canalis 16 114 In Greek mythology, the river of forgetfulness in the underworld.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell.

Lucus Maricae Lucus 1 199 Dea Marica, a nameless goddess who was worshipped in a grove at the mouth of the Liris (now Garigliano), below Minturnae in the Latium region of Italy. She was said to have been the mother of Faunus of Latinus, and thus the ancestress of the Latins.


Medusa Canalis -23 220 In Greek mythology, the gorgon. 1895 Lowell.

103


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMnemosyne Oasis 60 139 1) A sacred spring of Boeotia, rising

close to Lethe Fons, and forming with it the river Hercyne. 2) In Greek mythology, Memory, the mother of the Muses.

1905 Lowell.

Nasamon Canalis 32 82 Nasamones, an ancient North African tribe.

1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Orcus Canalis 5 185 In Greek mythology, another name for Hades, the god of the underworld.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954De Vaucouleurs, 1955 BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

104


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePallas Lacus Lacus 37 352 1) A Titan, associated with war, killed

by Athena in the contest to fight for Zeus; the son of Crius and Eurybia, the brother of Astraeus and Perses, and the husband of Styx. 2) One of the Gigantes born of the blood which spilled onto Gaia when Cronus castrated his father Uranus; Pallas confronted Athena during the Gigantomachy, where Athena killed her and turned her skin into a shield (the Aegis). 3) One of the four sons of Pandion II and Pylia; upon the death of Pandion, Pallas and his brothers (Aegeas, Nisos, and Lykos) took control of Athens from Metion, who had seized the throne from Pandion. 4) The son of King Evander; in Virgil's Aeneid, Evander allows Pallas to fight against the Rutuli with Aeneas, who takes him and treats him like his own son Ascanius. 5) A son of Lycaon and the eponymous founder of the Arcadian town of Pallantion; he had a daughter Chryse, who married Dardanus and brought the Palladium to Troy.

1895 Lowell.

Parcae Canalis -18 227 Parca, in Roman mythology, the goddess of fate.


105


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageStagnum Pegaseum

Regio "Stable of Pegasus" in Latin, a winged horse that causes the stream Hippocrene to spring from Mount Hellison with a blow of his hoof.

1905 Lowell.

Plutus Canalis 30 170 In Greek mythology, the god of wealth in ancient Greek religion and myth. He was the son of Demeter and the demigod Iasion, with whom she lay in a thrice-ploughed field. In the theology of the Eleusinian Mysteries he was regarded as the Divine Child.


Polyphemus Canalis -2 148 1) In Greek mythology, a Cyclops, the son of Poseidon and the nymph Thoosa. According to Homer, he was blinded by Odysseus. 2) In Greek mythology, a Cyclops, the son of Pan, who was killed by Acis in a quarrel over the Nereid Galatea.

1905 Lowell.

Pyriphlegethon Canalis 25 195 In Greek mythology, the river of fire in the underworld, also called the Phlegethon, flowing into the Acheron.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Python Canalis 65 28 In Greek mythology, the serpent of the caves of Parnassus, killed by Apollo.


Serapium Oasis 27 357 Hellenistic Egypt, a god of the underworld.

1895 Lowell.

Steropes Canalis 12 220 In Greek mythology, a Cyclops. 1895 Lowell.Stymphalius Lacus

Lacus 55 158 Stymphalus, in Greek legend, where Heracles, in performing his sixth labor, drove away a plague of birds.

1901 Antoniadi, Lucus Stymplalius per 1905 Lowell, Stymphalius.

106


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageThia Oasis 47 108 In Greek mythology, a Titaness, one of

the daughters of Gaea and Uranus. By her brother Hyperion, she was the mother of Eos, Helios, and Selene.

1905 Lowell.

Novissima Thyle Regio -70 40 In Greek legend, an island of the far north, possibly associated with middle Norway

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Tiphys Fretum -60 95 In Greek legend, the son of Hagnias of Boeotia. An accomplished navigator, he joined the Argonauts at the urging of Athena and became their steersman.

1901 Antoniadi, 1954 De Vaucouleurs, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.

Titan Canalis 15 195 In Greek mythology, a race descended from Uranus and Gaea.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955 BAA.

Titanum Sinus Sinus -18 192 In Greek mythology, a race descended from Uranus and Gaea.

1888 Schiaparelli, 1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA, 1971 NASA SP-263.

Triton Canalis 5 100 Triton, in Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon.


Triton Lacus Lacus 12 98 Triton, in Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon.

1901 Antoniadi.

Tritonis Sinus Sinus -2 120 Triton, in Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon.


Typhonius Canalis 5 55 Typhon, in Greek mythology, the son of Gaea and Tartarus, a flaming monster with a hundred heads.


Xenius Canalis -50 10 An epithet of Athena, meaning "hospitable". There was a sanctuary of Athena Xenia in Sparta.

1901 Antoniadi, 1955 BAA.

107


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageXisuthri Regio Regio -10 11 Xisuthrui, a corrupt form of Hasis-

andra, also called Ut-Napishtim, in Babylonian legend, a hero of the Deluge.


108


Table 10: Lost Names of Classical Mars (Origin Undetermined)

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageArsenius Lacus Lacus 67 197 * 1901 Antoniadi.Aryn Promontorium

Promontorium

0 357 * 1888 Schiaparelli.

Boenus Canalis -10 194 * 1901 Antoniadi.Chersorrhoas Canalis 8 285 * 1888 Schiaparelli.Duir Canalis 65 321 * 1905 Lowell.Dygaea Oasis 6 37 * 1905 Lowell.Garrhuenus Canalis -22 298 * 1895 Lowell, 1955 BAA.Gyes Canalis -14 1895 Lowell.Hipponitis Palus Palus 22 36 * 1895 Lowell.Hougerius Lacus Lacus 15 240 * 1968 ACIC MEC-1.Hyctanis Canalis -10 55 * 1895 Lowell.Hypalus Canalis 67 247 * 1901 Antoniadi.Hypelaeus Oasis 12 160 * 1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell.Hyscus Canalis -35 233 * 1895 Lowell, 1901 Antoniadi.Ich Canalis 42 241 * 1905 Lowell.Iuonius Canalis 30 250 * 1968 ACIC MEC-1.Maeisia Silva Silva -5 305 * 1895 Lowell, 1905 Lowell, 1968 ACIC

MEC-1.Maerotis Oasis Oasis -2 * 1895 Lowell.Maerotis Palus Palus -2 * 1955 BAA.Magnes Canalis 67 185 * 1905 Lowell.Ocas Canalis -10 255 * 1905 Lowell.Siloe Fons Fons 40 355 * 1901 Antoniadi, 1905 Lowell, 1955

BAA, 1968 ACIC MEC-1.Sir Canalis -37 246 * 1905 Lowell.Thaumantis Canalis 0 262 * 1905 Lowell.Tonsus Canalis 59 319 * 1905 Lowell.

109


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageTyndis Canalis 1895 Lowell.

110


Table 11: Albedo Feature Subtypes From Classical MarsSubtype Description

Canalis Channel or canal; a dark, linear albedo featureFons Fountain or springLucus Grove; a dark, round albedo featureOasis Dark, round albedo featureNix SnowPons BridgeSilva Forest; a small, dark, round albedo feature

111


Table 12: Names From Martian Literature

NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageAaanthor Urbs -48 45 A Barsoomian name. A deserted city in the green

Barsoomian Kingdom of Torquas described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916. Location per Gangale.

Alexandria Urbs * * Alexandria, numerous cities in the Middle East founded by Alexander III (the Great) of Macedonia (356-323 B.C.), most notably on the coast of Egypt in the Nile delta.

A colonial settlemen mentioned in Kim Stanley Robinson’s Green Mars, 1985.

Aluminum City Urbs * * The element with the atomic number 13.

A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Naming of Names,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Amakasfe Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. The capital city of Mars described in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

America the Beautiful

Urbs * * From the United States of America. An American colonial settlement mentioned in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Amhor Urbs-civitas 45 262 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian city-state ruled by Prince Jal Had, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

Anyder Canalis 44 108 "Waterless"; a river in "Utopia" by Thomas More.

1905 Lowell.

Argzoon Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A nation of blue giants in the far north of Vashu, described in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

112


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMountains of Argzoon

Montes * * A Vashuvian name. In the far north of Vashu, described in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

Arianrhod Regio * * A Martian fictional name. A region referred to in Leigh Brackett’s The Nemesis From Terra, 1961.

Port Armstrong Urbs * * Possibly an early explorer of Mars, per Poul Anderson's "Duel On Syrtis," 1951.

A colonial settlement referred to in Poul Anderson’s ‘Duel On Syrtis,’ 1951.

Artolian Hills Colles 55 181 A Barsoomian name. Surrounding Duhor, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Synthetic Men of Mars, 1940. Location per Gangale.

Asde-Trahi Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. A village in the Kingdom of Mendishar, described in Michael Moorcock’s Blades of Mars, 1965.

Askinta Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A village described in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

Asnyca Mons * * A Martian fictional name. The mountain on which the spacecraft Astronaut landed, described in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

Bagarad Regio * * A Vashuvian name. A tribal region described in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Balki Lacus * * A Malacandrian name. A lake in a deep canyon (handramit) in C. S. Lewis’ Out of the Silent Planet, 1938.

Bantoom Urbs-civitas * * A Barsoomian name. The city-state of the kaldanes, a race of disembodied heads who were able to exchange headless bodies; located in the southwestern region of Barsoom; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922.

113


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageBarrakesh Urbs-civitas -11 341 A Martian fictional name. A city-state described in Leigh

Brackett’s The Sword of Rhiannon, 1953. Location per 1976 Howes.

Bernard Baruch Canal

Canalis * * Bernard Baruch (1870–1965), American financier, stock investor, philanthropist, statesman, and political consultant.

Described in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Black River Flumen * * Captain John Black, commander of the Third Expedition in Ray Bradbury's "The Third Expedition," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Referred to in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Naming of Names,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Blue Mountains Montes * * The part of the visible spectrum between green and indigo.

Referred to in Ray Bradbury’s ‘Ylla,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Bunchewood Park

Urbs * * Ralph Bunche (1904-1971), American political scientist, 1950 Nobel laureate.

A colonial settlement mentioned in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Caer Dhu Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. The city of the serpent people, described in Leigh Brackett’s The Sword of Rhiannon, 1953.

Caer Hebra Urbs-civitas * * A Martian fictional name. The city-state of the Sky Folk, described in Leigh Brackett’s The Nemesis From Terra, 1961.

Canalia Urbs * * An artificial waterway. A city mentioned in Carl Jacobi’s ‘The Martian Calendar,’ 1957.

Carzax Flumen * * A Vashuvian name. A river described in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

114


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCend-Amrid Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. A city struck by a plague caused by the

opening of a biological weapon left over from the Mightiest War between the Yaksha and the Sheev; described in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Charax Urbs 60 150 Classical spelling of Kerak, a city in Jordan on the Wadi Keruk.

Terran name of the Martian city near South Colony, the southern residence of Jim Marlowe and Frank Sutton in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1949. The city was described as being located at latitude of 60, between the double canal Strymon; however, the Strymon is in the northern hemisphere. Heinlein may have been confused by the early astronomical convention of drawing Martian maps with south at the top.

Charontis Urbs 20 162 In Greek mythology, the ferryman of the dead; the meeting place of several netherworld rivers.


Christoffsen Port Urbs * * Possibly an early explorer of Mars, per Lin Carter's The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.


Chun Planum -20 140 A Martian fictional name. The plateau region of the nation of the Moon Dragon, described in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Corn Town Urbs * * A small hard seed; the seeds of a cereal grass and especially of the important cereal crop of a particular region; a plant that produces corn.


115


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageCynia Station Urbs -32 123 Classical name of Lago d'Antolico, a

salt lake of Acarnania.Colonial settlement in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1949.

Cynia Urbs -32 123 Classical name of Lago d'Antolico, a salt lake of Acarnania.

Terran name of a Martian city in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1949. The residence of the Martians Gekko and G’kuro. Both the Martian city and the Terran settlement are described as located at the meeting of the Strymon and the Oeroe, which do not meet on Lowell's 1905 map, the only map on which they appear.

Detroit II Urbs * * A city in Michigan, USA. A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Naming of Names,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Dia-Sao Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. The setting for Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Lost City of Mars,’ 1967.

Valley Dor Vallis -90 0 A Barsoomian name. Near the south pole, on the shore of the Lost Sea of Korus, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913.

Drallab Insula * * A Vashuvian name. An island mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Driscoll Forest Silva * * Benjamin Driscoll, who planted forests across Mars in Ray Bradbury's "The Green Morning," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Naming of Names,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Drywater Urbs * * Lacking precipitation or humidity. A colonial settlement mentioned in Robert A. Heinlein’s ‘The Green Hills of Earth,’ 1947.

Drylands Regio -50 205 Territories lacking precipitation or humidity.

Described in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

116


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageEastern Drylands

Regio -40 70 Territories lacking precipitation or humidity.

Mentioned in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Northern Drylands

Regio 10 20 Territories lacking precipitation or humidity.

Mentioned in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Duhor Urbs 55 181 A Barsoomian name. Capital city of the Kingdom of Duhor; mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

Duhor Civitas 55 181 A Barsoomian name. Red Barsoomian kingdom ruled by the jeddak Kor San, father of Valla Dia; mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

Dusar Civitas 15 20 A Barsoomian name. Red Barsoomian kingdom ruled by the jeddak Nutus, father of prince Astok; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ ‘Thuvia, Maid of Mars,’ 1916.

Dusar Urbs 15 20 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Dusar; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ ‘Thuvia, Maid of Mars,’ 1916. Location per Gangale.

Earth Settlement 101

Urbs * * The third planet from the Sun. A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Off Season,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Ecasfe Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. In the dominion of Elcavoo, described in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

Elcavoo Civitas * * A Martian fictional name. One of the twelve dominions of Mars, ruled by Endo Zampta; described in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

117


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageElectric Village Urbs * * Of, related to, or operated by electricity. A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray

Bradbury’s ‘The Naming of Names,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Eniall Mountains Montes * * A Martian fictional name. Mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘Night Meeting,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Exum Urbs 0 0 A Barsoomian name. Deserted city mentioned as being the ‘Barsoomian Greenwich’ in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Synthetic Men of Mars, 1940, although this honor is given to the deserted city of Horz in Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916.

Farad Urbs * * "River" in fictional Martian. The capital city of the nation of the Moon Dragon in Chun, described in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Faye-Empo Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A city mentioned in Carl Jacobi’s ‘The Martian Calendar,’ 1957.

Fiola Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. A city mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

First Town Urbs * * Preceding all others in time, order, or importance.

A colonial settlrment mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Green Morning,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Gathol Civitas 5 345 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom ruled by the jed Gahan, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922. Location per Gangale.

Gathol Urbs 5 345 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Gathol, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922. Location per Gangale.

118


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageGeneva II Urbs * * A city in Switzerland. A colonial settlement mentioned in

Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Ghasta Urbs-civitas -75 250 A Barsoomian name. A white Barsoomian city-state described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Desert Gol Regio -65 0 A Nume name. In Mari state, the weapons proving ground for the United Martian States, described Kurd Lasswitz’s Auf Zwei Planeten, 1897.

Golana Regio * * A Vashuvian name. A region of quicksand described in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Gooli Civitas 30 250 A Barsoomian name. A nation of kangaroo-like humanoids on the island of Ompt in the Toonolian Marshes between Morbus and Phundahl, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Synthetic Men of Mars, 1940. Location per Gangale.

Grand Canal Canalis * * "Great" or "large." The subject and title of a poem by Rhysling in Robert A. Heinlein’s ‘The Green Hills of Earth,’ 1947.

Green City Urbs * * The color of the part of the spectrum that is between yellow and blue.

A colonial settlement near the Eniall Mountains, mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘Night Meeting,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Green Valley Vallis * * The color of the part of the spectrum that is between yellow and blue.

Green Valley, mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘Ylla,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

119


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageHaal Flumen * * A Vashuvian name. A river described in Michael Moorcock’s

Warriors of Mars, 1965.Hareton Rill Chasma * * Probably a member of an early

expedition to Mars, per Lin Carter's The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

A canyon leading into the Chun plateau, described in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Hastor Urbs -35 105 A Barsoomian name. A city in the red Barsoomian Kingdom of Helium, where construction facilities for the air navy were located; mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913. Location per Gangale.

Hed Civitas * * A Nume name. One of the United Martian States, located in the southern hemisphere near the Desert Gol; mentioned in Kurd Lasswitz’s Auf Zwei Planeten, 1897.

Lesser Helium Urbs -30 105 A Barsoomian name. A city located next to the capital of the Kingdom of Helium; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

Helium Civitas -30 105 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom, ruled by jeddak Tardos Mors, grandfather of Dejah Thoris; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

Helium Forest Silva -30 105 A Barsoomian name. Described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ ‘John Carter and the Giant of Mars,’ 1940. Location per Gangale.

Valley of Helium Vallis -30 105 A Barsoomian name. Mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ ‘John Carter and the Giant of Mars,’ 1940. Location per Gangale.

120


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageGreater Helium Urbs -30 105 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of

Helium; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

Herodotus Canal Canalis * * Herodotus, Greek historian Described in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Hespiridum Urbs -31 102 In Greek mythology, the daughters of Hesperus.

Terran name of a Martian city, described in Robert A. Heinlein’s, Red Planet, 1949.

Hinkston Creek Urbs * * Samuel Hinkston, archaeologist on the Third Expedition in Ray Bradbury's "The Third Expedition," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.


Hohr Vallis -75 250 A Barsoomian name. A valley in the crater of an extinct volcano, wherein lies the white Barsoomian city-state of Ghasta, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Holtville Springs Urbs * * Possibly an early settler on Mars A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Silent Towns,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Horz Urbs 0 337 A Barsoomian name. A deserted city marking the prime meridian of Barsoom, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916, although this honor is given to the deserted city of Exum in The Synthetic Men of Mars, 1940. Location per Gangale.

121


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageHow-Far? Urbs * * A whimsical name reminscent of the

American Old WestA colonial settlement mentioned in Robert A. Heinlein’s ‘The Green Hills of Earth,’ 1947.

Hraefnian Hills Colles * * A Martian fictional name. In the Syrtis Major region, described in Poul Anderson’s ‘Duel On Syrtis,’ 1951.

Hualokka Regio * * A Martian fictional name. The Sacred Land in the interior of Chun, wherein lay the ruined city of Ilionis, described in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Ilionis Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. The Gateway to the Gods, a ruined city in Chun, described in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Illall Urbs 90 * A Barsoomian name. In the yellow Barsoomian Kingdom of Okar, located near the North Pole, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914.

Invak Urbs-civitas 0 105 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian city-state ruled by the jeddak Ptanus, whose people had the power to render themselves invisible; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Llana of Gathol, 1948. Location per Gangale.

Iopr Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A Martian town mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘*,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Iridala Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A nation near Karnala in the southern hemisphere of Vashu, mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

122


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageIron Town Urbs * * The element with the atomic number

26.A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Naming of Names,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Ishal Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. A city mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

River Iss Flumen -90 * A Barsoomian name. Running through the Valley Dor and emptying into the Lost Sea of Korus; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913.

Jahar Civitas -69 179 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom ruled by the jeddak Tul Axtar; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Jahar Urbs -69 179 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the kindgom of Jahar; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Farad-i-Janhg Flumen * * "Death" in fictional Martian. The River of Death, located in Hareton Rill; described Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Jekkara Urbs-civitas -8 298 A Martian fictional name. A city-state described in Leigh Brackett’s The Sword of Rhiannon, 1953. Location per 1976 Howes.

Jhama Urbs -66 269 A Barsoomian name. A deserted city occupied by the Jaharan scientist Phor Tak after being exiled by Tul Axtar, jeddak of Jahar; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

K’cocroom Insula * * A Vashuvian name. An island mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

123


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageKadabra Urbs 90 * A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the yellow

Barsoomian Kingdom of Okar; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914.

Kahora Urbs 12 223 A Martian fictional name. A city mentioned in Leigh Brackett’s The Nemesis From Terra, 1961. Location per 1976 Howes.

Kamtol Urbs-civitas 15 334 A Barsoomian name. A black Barsoomian city-state ruled by the jeddak Doxus, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Llana of Gathol, 1948. Location per Gangale.

Kaol Civitas 0 270 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom ruled by the jeddak Kulan Tith, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914. Location per Gangale.

Kaolian Forest Silva 0 270 A Barsoomian name. Located in the Kingdom of Kaol, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914. Location per Gangale.

Kaol Urbs 0 270 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Kaol, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914. Location per Gangale.

Karappa Urbs -4 178 A Martian fictional name. Mentioned in Leigh Brackett’s ‘Mars Minus Bisha,’ 1954. Location per 1976 Howes.

Karnala Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A nation described in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

Karthedon Oasis 7 348 A Martian fictional name. An oasis described in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Last Days of Shandakor,’ 1952. Location per 1976 Howes.

124


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageKast Urbs * * A Nume name. A city mentioned in Kurd Lasswitz’s Auf

Zwei Planeten, 1897.Kathyun Urbs -20 28 A Martian fictional name. A city described in various works by

Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Inner Kesh Regio -45 30 A Martian fictional name. A region described in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Outer Kesh Regio 10 330 A Martian fictional name. A region described in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Kesh Regio * * A Martian fictional name. A region mentioned in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Beast Jewell of Mars,’ 1948.

Kharif Regio * * A Martian fictional name. A region mentioned in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Road to Sinharat,’ 1963.

Khondar Regio * * A Martian fictional name. The land of the Sea Kings, described in Leigh Brackett’s The Sword of Rhiannon, 1953.

Kla Urbs * * A Nume name. The capital city of the United Martian States, described in Kurd Lasswitz’s Auf Zwei Planeten, 1897.

Kobol Urbs-civitas * * A Barsoomian name. A city-state mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927.

Korad Urbs * * A Barsoomian name. A dead city in the green Barsoomian Kingdom of Thark, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912.

Lost Sea of Korus

Mare -90 * A Barsoomian name. Located near the south pole, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913.

125


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageKorvas Urbs * * A Barsoomian name. A deserted city west of Helium in the

green Barsoomoan Kingdom of Thark, occupied by Pew Mogel, a scientist created and trained by Ras Thavas of Toonol; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ ‘John Carter and the Giant of Mars,’ 1940.

Kukan Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A ruined city explored by an archaeological expedition in H. Beam Piper’s ‘Omnilingual,’ 1947.

Kushat Urbs 51 161 A Martian fictional name. A city described in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Lewistown Urbs * * John L. Lewis, American labor union leader.

A colonial settlement described in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Lhak Urbs 24 120 A Martian fictional name. A ruined city described in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Beast Jewell of Mars,’ 1948. Location per 1976 Howes.

Lincoln Head Urbs * * Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865), 17th president of the United States of America 1861-1865.

A colonial settlement described in George O. Smith’s ‘Lost Art,’ 1943.

Lothar Urbs-civitas -44 29 A Barsoomian name. A white Barsoomian city-state ruled by the jeddak Tario, whose inhabitants were able to manifest phantoms; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916. Location per Gangale.

Lotharian Hills Colles -44 29 A Barsoomian name. Outside the city of Lothar; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916. Location per Gangale.

126


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageLustig Corners Urbs * * The navigator on the Third Expedition

in Ray Bradbury's "The Third Expedition," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.


Manataj Urbs * * A Barsoomian name. A city in the red Barsoomian Kingdom of Manator, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922.

Manator Civitas 5 334 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom containing the cities of Manator, Manatos, and Manataj; whose jeddak O-Tar was succeeded by A-Kor, his son by Haja, princess of Gathol; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922. Location per Gangale.

Manator Urbs 5 334 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Manator, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922. Location per Gangale.

Manatos Urbs * * A Barsoomian name. A city in the red Barsoomian Kingdom of Manator ruled by the jed U-Thor; mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922.

Marentina Urbs * * A Barsoomian name. A city in the yellow Barsoomian Kingdom of Okar, ruled by Prince Talu, located near the north pole, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914.

Marlin Village Urbs * * Any of several large game fish of the genus Makaira.

A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Silent Towns,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

127


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMarsport Urbs * * The name of the fourth planet from the

Sun, taken from the Roman god of war. 1) A colonial settlement, located near the equator, mentioned in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1949; 2) A colonial settlement mentioned in C. M. Kornbluth and Judith Merril’s Outpost Mars, 1951; 3) A colonial settlement referred described in Isaac Asimov’s ‘I’m in Marsport Without Hilda,’ 1957.

Mars Junction Urbs * * The name of the fourth planet from the Sun, taken from the Roman god of war.


Marsopolis Urbs * * The name of the fourth planet from the Sun, taken from the Roman god of war.

A colonial settlement mentioned in Robert A. Heinlein’s ‘The Green Hills of Earth,’ 1947, and Podkayne of Mars, 1963.

Mekh Regio 30 140 A Martian fictional name. A region described in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Last Days of Shandakor,’ 1952. Location per 1976 Howes.

Meldilorn Insula * * A Malacandrian name. The island of the eldila, the residence of Oyarsa, described in C. S. Lewis’s Out of the Silent Planet, 1938.

Mendishar Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A nation of blue giants in the far north of Vashu, whose bradhi Jewar Baru was succeeded by Hool Hadj; described in Michael Moorcock’s Blades of Mars, 1965.

Mendisharling Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. The capital city of Mendishar, described in Michael Moorcock’s Blades of Mars, 1965.

128


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageMeridian City Urbs 180 0 Meridies, "mid-day" in Latin. A colonial settlement described in

Arthur C. Clarke’s ‘The Trouble With Time,’ 1960.

Mih-Sa-Voh Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. The Jewelled City, described in Michael Moorcock’s Blades of Mars, 1965.

Mishim Tep Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A kingdom whose bradhi was Bolig Fas Ogdai; described in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965, and Blades of Mars, 1965.

Modnaf Regio * * A Vashuvian name. A region of flowers whose seductive scent induced lethargy and then a creeping madness; described in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Morbus Urbs 23 263 A Barsoomian name. The deserted city taken over by the Toonolian scientist Ras Thavas’s race of synthetic men, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Synthetic Men of Mars, 1940. Location per Gangale.

Narbia Regio * * A Martian fictional name. A region mentioned in Anthony Boucher’s ‘*,’ 1943.

Narlet Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. The city of thieves, described in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

Narrissan Urbs 18 134 A Martian fictional name. A city described in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Navvaash Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A nation north of Karnala and south of Vladnyar, mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

129


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageNew Amsterdam Urbs * * From the capital city of The

Netherlands.A colonial settlement established by the survivors of the first expedition to Mars in John Varley’s ‘In the Hall of the Martian Kings,’ 1977.

New Boston Urbs * * From a city in Massachusetts, USA. A colonial settlement referred to in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Silent Towns,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

New Chicago Urbs * * From a city on Lake Michigan in Illinois, USA.

A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Silent Towns,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

New Israel Urbs * * Frem Israel, a nation-state in Southwest Asia.

An Israeli colonial settlement described in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

New New York Urbs * * From city in New York state, USA. A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Silent Towns,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Niophar Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. An ancient city mentioned in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

North Colony Urbs 55 80 The direction to the right of west. A colonial settlement located near the Martian city of Copais, mentioned in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1949.

Nosirrah Insula * * A Vashuvian name. An island mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Nova Britannia Urbs * * From the Classical name of Britain, the large island north of France.

A British colonial settlement mentioned in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Novaya Respublica

Civitas -35 275 "New Republic" in Russian. A Soviet republic in Thaumasia, described in Willy Ley’s ‘At The Perihelion,’ 1937.

130


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageOkar Civitas 90 * A Barsoomian name. A yellow Barsoomian kingdom, ruled by

Salensus Oll, located near the north pole, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914.

Okar Urbs 90 * A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Okar, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Warlord of Mars, 1914.

Omad Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A city mentioned in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Sea of Omean Mare -90 * A Barsoomian name. An underground sea in the land of the First Born, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913.

Ompt Insula 30 250 A Barsoomian name. The island of the Gooli nation in the Toonolian Marshes, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Synthetic Men of Mars, 1940. Location per Gangale.

Onvak Urbs-civitas * * A Barsoomian name. A city-state mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Llana of Gathol, 1948.

Opquel Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. A city mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Mountains of Otz Montes -90 * A Barsoomian name. Located near the south pole, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913.

Otz Valley Vallis -90 * A Barsoomian name. Located near the south pole, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913.

Panar Civitas 90 * A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom near the north pole ruled by the jeddak Hin Abtol; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Llana of Gathol, 1948.

131


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePankor Urbs * * A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the red Barsoomian

Kingdom of Panar, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Llana of Gathol, 1948.

Pax Grove Urbs * * "Peace" in Latin. A colonial settlement mentioned in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Peregrine Mountain

Mons * * Father Peregrine, a character in Ray Bradbury's "The Luggage Store," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.


Phundahl Civitas 41 223 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom ruled by the jeddara Xaxa until deposed by Dar Tarus; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

Phundahl Urbs 40 217 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Phundahl. Location per Gangale.

Planetogorod Urbs * * Planet city in Russian. The capital city of Novaya Respublica, described in Willy Ley’s ‘At The Perihelion,’ 1937.

Polodona Latitude 0 * A Barsoomian name. The equator of Barsoom, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Chessmen of Mars, 1922.

Ptarth Civitas 27 188 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom, ruled by Thuvan Dihn, father of Thuvia; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913. Location per Gangale.

Ptarth Urbs 27 188 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Ptarth; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913. Location per Gangale.

132


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsagePurha Regio * * A Vashuvian name. The country of the race of cat-faced

humanoids created by the Jihadoo, described in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Qualveskinta Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A city mentioned in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

Rainbow Ridge Dorsum -15 310 An arc that exhibits in concentric bands the colors of the spectrum and that is formed opposite the Sun by the refraction and reflection of the Sun's rays in raindrops, spray, or mist.

Described in Arthur C. Clarke’s The Sands of Mars, 1951.

Ranelca Mons * * A Martian fictional name. A mountain described in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

Raxar Urbs-civitas * * A Barsoomian name. A city-state between Panar and Gathol, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Llana of Gathol, 1948.

Red Town Urbs * * The longest wavelength in the visible spectrum.


Red Desert Regio * * The longest wavelength in the visible spectrum.

A region mentioned in G. O. Smith’s ‘Lost Art,’ 1943.

Rimrock Hills Colles * * * Mentioned in C. M. Kornbluth and Judith Merril’s Outpost Mars, 1951.

Roosevelt City Urbs * * Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945), 32nd president of the United States of America (1933-1945).


Franklin Delano Roosevelt Mountains

Montes * * Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945), 32nd president of the United States of America (1933-1945).

Described in Philip K. Dick’s, Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

133


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageRoyal Range Montes * * Of or pertaining to a king or queen. A mountain range mentioned in C. M.

Kornbluth and Judith Merril’s Outpost Mars, 1951.

Ruh Urbs-civitas -35 137 A Martian fictional name. A city-state described in Leigh Brackett’s The Nemesis From Terra, 1961. Location per 1976 Howes.

Ryan’s Plain Planitia * * Jin Ryan, an early explorer of Mars, mentioned in C. M. Kornbluth and Judith Merril’s Outpost Mars, 1951.

Where Jim Ryan died, mentioned in C. M. Kornbluth and Judith Merril’s Outpost Mars, 1951.

S’sidla Insula * * A Vashuvian name. An island mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Sala-Ras Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. A city in the Kingdom of Mendishar, mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Blades of Mars, 1965.

Sark Civitas * * A Martian fictional name. An empire allied with the Dhuvians, ruled by Garach, father of Ywain; described in Leigh Brackett’s The Sword of Rhiannon, 1953.

Sark Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. The capital city of the Sark Empire.New Scotland Regio * * The country in northern Britain, part of

the United Kingdom.A region mentioned in Kim Stanley Robinson’s Green Mars, 1985.

Second Try Urbs * * Next to the first in place, time, value excellence, or degree.


Sei Urbs * * A Nume name. A city in Mari state, located in the southern hemisphere, mentioned in Kurd Lasswitz’s Auf Zwei Planeten, 1897.

Sek Regio -65 * A Nume name. A desert region, mentioned in Kurd Lasswitz’s Auf Zwei Planeten, 1897.

134


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSerocasfe Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A city mentioned in Percy Greg’s

Across the Zodiac, 1880.Gulf of Serocasfe

Sinus * * A Martian fictional name. Described in Percy Greg’s Across the Zodiac, 1880.

Shador Insula -90 * A Barsoomian name. The island prison in the Sea of Omean in the land of the First Born, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Gods of Mars, 1913.

Shandakor Urbs-civitas 36 43 A Martian fictional name. A city-state which possessed a machine capable of projecting holographic images of the past throughout the city, giving it the appearance of being fully populated; described in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Last Days of Shandakor,’ 1952. Location per 1976 Howes.

Sheev Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. An ancient nation whose technological civilization was destroyed in the Mightiest War against Yaksha; mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

Shun Regio * * A Martian fictional name. A region mentioned in Leigh Brackett’s The Sword of Rhiannon, 1953.

Lower Shun Regio -20 0 A Martian fictional name. A region mentioned in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

Upper Shun Regio 40 290 A Martian fictional name. A region mentioned in various works by Leigh Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.

135


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSinharat Urbs -31 13 A Martian fictional name. The Forbidden City of the Rama,

described in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Road to Sinharat,’ 1963. Location per 1976 Howes.

South Colony Urbs -60 * The direction to the left of west. A colonial settlement, the southern hemisphere residence of Jim Marlowe and Frank Sutton, described in Robert A. Heinlein’s Red Planet, 1950, as being between the double canal Strymon, although the Strymon was drawn in the northern hemisphere as a single canal per 1905 Lowell, the only map on which it appeared. Heinlein may have been confused by the early astronomical convention of drawing Martian maps with south at the top.

Space Port Urbs * * The region beyond the atmosphere of a planet.

A spaceport in Novaya Respublica described in Willy Ley’s ‘At the Perihelion,’ 1937.

Spender Hill Collis * * A member of the Fourth Expedition in Ray Bradbury's "--And the Moon Be Still As Bright," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.


Srinai Civitas * * A Vashivian name. A nation allied with the Karnala, mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

Steel Town Urbs * * An iron-based alloy. A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Naming of Names,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

136


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageSun Lake City Urbs -25 267 Anglicized Solis Lacus. 1) A colonial settlement, the setting for

C. M. Kornbluth and Judith Merril’s, Outpost Mars, 1951. 2) A colonial settlement mentioned in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Syl Flumen -75 270 A Barsoomian name. An underground river running from Tjanath to Ghasta, probably a tributary of the Iss; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Senator Taft Canal

Canalis * * Robert Alphonso Taft (1889–1953), American statesman.

Mentioned in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Tamboina Oasis 25 110 A Martian fictional name. An oasis described in Leigh Brackett’s ‘The Road to Sinharat,’ 1963. Location per 1976 Howes.

Tarak Urbs-civitas 20 46 A Martian fictional name. A city-state mentioned in Leigh Brackett’s The Sword of Rhiannon, 1953. Location per 1976 Howes.

Tenth City Urbs * * Next to the ninth in place, time, value excellence, or degree.

A colonial settlement mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘Interim,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

New Texas City Urbs * * From Texas City, a city in Texas, USA. A colonial settlement described in Ray Bradbury’s ‘The Silent Towns,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Thark Civitas -25 90 A Barsoomian name. A green Barsoomian kingdom ruled by Tal Hajus until deposed by Tars Tarkas; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

137


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageThark Urbs -25 90 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of

Thark; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. . Location per Gangale.

Thavas Insula 16 275 A Barsoomian name. An island in the Toonolian Marshes west of Toonol, occupied by the scientist Ras Thavas; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

Throxeus Mare 0 345 A Barsoomian name. The largest of the five ancient oceans on Barsoom, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916. Location per Gangale.

Thurd Civitas * * A Barsoomian name. A green Barsoomian kingdom, ancient enemy of Torquas, mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916.

Tjanath Urbs-civitas -75 290 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian city-state ruled by the jed Haj Osis; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Toonol Civitas 16 275 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom on the eastern edge of the Toonolian Marshes ruled by the jeddak Vobis Kan, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

138


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageToonolian Marshes

Palus 30 250 A Barsoomian name. One of the last remnants of the ancient oceans of Barsoom, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

Toonol Urbs 16 275 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Toonol, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ The Master Mind of Mars, 1927. Location per Gangale.

Gulf of Torquas Sinus -30 40 A Barsoomian name. A former stretch of water described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Torquas Civitas -30 40 A Barsoomian name. A green Barsoomian kingdom ruled by Hortan Gur; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916. Location per Gangale.

Torquas Urbs -30 40 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Torquas, described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ Thuvia, Maid of Mars, 1916. Location per Gangale.

U-Gor Regio -40 10 A Barsoomian name. A province of the red Barsoomian Kingdom of Jahar which became overpopulated due to the policies of the jeddak Tul Axtar and whose starving people resorted to cannibalism; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931. Location per Gangale.

Valkis Urbs-civitas -28 332 A Martian fictional name. The city-state of thieves, described in Leigh Brackett’s The Nemesis From Terra, 1961. Location per 1976 Howes.

139


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageVarl Urbs -15 20 A Martian fictional name. A city mentioned in the works of Leigh

Brackett. Location per 1976 Howes.Varnal Urbs * * A Vashuvian name. Capital city of Karnala, described in

Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

Vladnyar Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A nation to the north of Navvaash, the original home of Horguhl, mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

Walavala Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. A nation near Karnala, mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Warriors of Mars, 1965.

Henry Wallace Canyon

Chasma * * American politician (1888–1965), 33rd Vice President of the United States (1941-1945).

Described in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Warhoon Civitas -50 105 A Barsoomian name. A green Barsoomian kingdom ruled by Bar Comas until deposed by Dak Kova; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

Warhoon Urbs -50 105 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Warhoon; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

George Washington Canal

Canalis * * American revolutionary general and first president of the United States of America.

Mentioned in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Wilder Town Urbs * * The commander of the Fourth Expedition in Ray Bradbury's "-- And The Moon Be Still As Bright," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.


140


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageXanator Urbs * * A Barsoomian name. A deserted city in the green

Barsoomian Kingdom of Torquas; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Fighting Man of Mars, 1931.

Xi City Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A city Mentioned in Ray Bradbury’s ‘Ylla,’ The Martian Chronicles, 1950.

Yaksha Civitas * * A Vashuvian name. An ancient nation whose technological civilization was destroyed in the Mightiest War against Sheev; mentioned in Michael Moorcock’s Barbarians of Mars, 1965.

William Butler Yeats Canal

Canalis * * Irish poet (1865-1939). Mentioned in Philip K. Dick’s Martian Time-Slip, 1964.

Yeolarn Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A city mentioned in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Ygnarh Urbs * * A Martian fictional name. A ruined city mentioned in Lin Carter’s The Man Who Loved Mars, 1973.

Nathaniel York Town

Urbs * * Nathaniel York, commander in the First Expedition in Ray Bradbury's "Ylla," The Martian Chronicles, 1950.


Zodanga Civitas -30 173 A Barsoomian name. A red Barsoomian kingdom formerly ruled by the jeddak Than Kosis; annexed by Helium, under which it was ruled for a time by the appointed jed Zat Arras; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

Zodanga Urbs -30 173 A Barsoomian name. The capital city of the Kingdom of Zodanga; described in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ A Princess of Mars, 1912. Location per Gangale.

141


NameFeature

Type Latit

ude

East

Lo

ngitu

de

Origin UsageZor Urbs-civitas -35 115 A Barsoomian name. A city-state annexed by Helium,

formerly ruled by the jed Zu Tith; mentioned in Edgar Rice Burroughs’ ‘Skeleton Men of Jupiter,’ 1943. Locarion per Gangale.

142


Table 13: Fictional Feature Subtypes From Martian LiteratureSubtype Description

Civitas StateFlumen RiverSilva Forest; a small, dark, round albedo featureUrbs CityUrbs-civitas City-state

143


Table 14: Scholars of Space LawName Description

Eileen M. Galloway American legal scholar (1906-2009); helped write the 1958 National Aeronautics and Space Act.Daniel Goedhuis Dutch legal scholar (1905–1995); first professor appointed to teach air law (Leiden Law School, 1938); held

chair in air law from 1947, extended to space law in 1961, until 1977.Stephen Gorove American professor of space law (1917-2001); Director of Space Studies and Policy, from 1991-1998, at

the University of Mississippi; founded and chaired the editorial advisory board for the first space law journal, the Journal of Space Law, in 1973.

Andrew G. Haley American lawyer and rocket propulsion entrepreneur (1904-1966); founder of Aerojet Engineering Corporation; was instrumental in founding both the International Academy of Astronautics and the International Institute of Space Law.

S. Neil Hosenball American lawyer (1925-2009); general counsel of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (1975-1985).

Clarence Wilfred Jenks British international lawyer (1909-1973); Director-General of the International Labour Organization (1970–1973); author of Space law (1965).

Elena P. Kamenetskaya Soviet/Russian specialist in space law (1949-1994).Manfred Lachs Polish diplomat and jurist (1914-1993); greatly influenced in the development of international law after the

Second World War; the Manfred Lachs Space Law Moot Competition was named in his honour by the International Institute of Space Law.

Martin Menter United States Air Force judge advocate (1915-2004); chair of the American Bar Association’s Space Law Committee and the Aerospace Law Committee of the International and Comparative Law Section.

Eugene Pepin French legal scholar (1887-1988); Director of the Institute for Air and Space Law (1955-1959); director of the International Institute of Space Law (1963-1973).

144


Table 15: Craters Named for Towns in the Pacific Islands

Name Origin LatitudeEast

LongitudeApia Town in Samoa. -37.28 89.02Avarua Town in the Cook Islands. -35.93 109.66Avire Town in the Republic of Vanuatu. -40.82 200.24Canala Town in New Caledonia. 24.35 279.92Galap Town in the Republic of Palau. -37.66 192.93Majuro Capital of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. -33.26 84.33Nif Town in the Caroline Islands (Yap). 19.91 303.76Palikir Capital of the Federated States of Micronesia. -41.57 202.14Tavua Town in Fiji. 15.62 117.61Voza Town in Solomon Islands. 23.34 306.47Yaren Town in Nauru. -43.88 222.55

145


Table 16: Candidate Names for a Tongan CraterTown Location

Neiafu Vava'uNuku'alofa TongatapuOhonua ‘EuaPangai Ha'apai Group

146

Documents

head 1 · Web viewTable 1: Classical Albedo Names From Ancient Geography