LI NI UNgy ny, iu khin t ng tr thnh mt nhu cu khng th thiu c trong h thng cng nghip.Ngoi ra, cn c cc nghnh c lin quan n iu khin th iu rt cn thit phc v cuc sng cng nh phc v cho cng vic hng ngy ca mi nghnh khc nhau . Cc h thng n thng minh hin nay xut hin nhiu trn th trng vi nhiu phng php hn gi va c nhiu ch hot ng khc nhau. Mi phng php u c u v nhc im ring. gii quyt cc vn , vi nhng kin thc hc v vi iu khin v l thuyt iu khin, in, in t, o lng v cm bin .Em tnh ton v a ra gii php iu khin sng bng n ph hp nht ng dng vi x l vi mch thit k n gin d dng thit k v nng cp. Mc d em c gng hon thnh ti ng thi hn va thy a ra nhng khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st, em mong thy thng cm. Em mong c n nhn kin ng gp qu bu ca thy ti nghin cu hon thin hn v c ngha thit thc trong cuc sng.Em xin cm n!

NI DUNG BO COChng 1: Gii thiu s lc v ti.Chng 2: Phn cng MCHChng 3: Phn mm chng trnh iu khin 3.1: Cch kt ni vi vi iu khin v lp trnh NGT ngoi cho h thng3.2: Gii thiu v chng trnh ADC3.3: Gii thiu DS1307 v giao tip I2C

Chng 1: Gii thiu tiTrong cuc sng hng ngy ca chng ta ni no cng dng bng n in, t trong nh, ngoi ng, cc nh my x nghip. H thng chiu sng cng cng c s dng rng ri cc thnh ph ln v c nng thn, cc tuyn ng quan trng ni c nhiu phng tin tham gia giao thng nu nh khng c nhng bng n ng th s rt bt tin cho ngi i li. H thng n ng rt nhiu nhng n gy ra hin tng lng ph in nhiu khi tri cha ti m n c bt, khi tri sng m n cha tt.... tit kim in cho h thng n ng, chng em lm m hnh n ng thng minh. M hnh ny c ng dng rt hu ch trong cuc sng, mnh c th pht trin rng hn l lm nh thng minh, ng dng trong cc nh my x nghip ln.

Cu to phn cng v nguyn l hot ng

Nguyn l hot ngKhi in xoay chiu mc 0 ta xc nh im 0 ny v cho v ngt vk x l v thc hin cc lnh trong . Xut tn hin ra cho n sng.Khi n thi gian ci t sn thng qua mch thi gian thc th vdk x l v cho n sng.Nu nh n h hn bt n ln m tri ti trc th thc hin ch quang tr tc l n s sng theo mc ADC nhn c t quang tr tri ti dn th n s sng dn ln.Khi n sng th sng bng n gim dn theo gi c 1 gi tri qua th sng gim 12.5% n khi n tt hn. C th ci t gi bt gi tt v ch hn gi sng theo quang tr bt c lc no bn mun.Mc sng bng n ph thuc vo h s K ci t. K i t 0 8. H s K nh th n sng mnh v ngc li K ln th n sng yu. V d: K=0 n sng 100%K=1 n sng 87.5%K=2 n sng 75%.....K=8 n tt hn.Mi khi K tng ln 1 n v th sng ca n gim 12.5%Chng 2: Phn cng MCH I . MCH BT IM 0:

1. Linh kin: in tr 220k/2w Opto PC817 cch ly quang ngn cch in 220v t bng n vi dng in 5v t mch vi iu khin.2. Nguyn l hot ng:Chn INT0 t mch vi iu khin bt im 0, thi im bng n sang yu nht, sau mch vi iu khin bt u to xung.II. MCH TRIAC:

1. Linh kin: MOC3020 cch ly quang Triac ng ngt bng n2. Nguyn l hot ng:iu khin bt tt bng n bng mch vi iu khin, dung triac ng ngt.III. MCH QUANG TR:

1. Linh kin: Quang tr dng cm bin nh sng t mi trng. T gm C104 dng in v port A (ADC) c n nh.2. Nguyn l hot ng:Mch p dng khi tri ti trc gi hn, dng quang tr cm bin sau dng ADC c tn hiu, iu khin sng bng n vi ADC nhn c tng ng.

Chng 3: Phn mm chng trnh iu khin Ngt3.1: Cch kt ni vi vi iu khin v lp trnh NGT ngoi cho h thnga. Gii thiu v ngt:b. Cch kt ni:c. Cch lp trnh:a. Gii thiu v ngt: nh ngha:Ngtl mt qu trnh can thip vo chng trnh chnh ang chy, sau khi thc hin xong qu trnh n s quay tr li tip tc thc hin chng trnh ang chy. BNG Cc chn ngt trong AVR:STTTn ngta ch chng trnh

1RESET0X000

2INT00x001

3INT10x002

4TIMER2 COMP0x003

5TIMER2 OVF0x004

6TIMER1 CAPT0x005

7TIMER1 COMPA0x006

8TIMER1 COMPB0x007

9TIMER1 OVF0x008

10TIMER0 OVF0x009

11SPI, STC0x00A

12USART, RXC0x00B

13USART, UDRE0x00C

14USART, TXC0x00D

15ADC0x00E

16EEP_RDY0x00F

17ANA_COMP0x010

18TWI0x011

19SPM_RDY0x012

TRONG : Trong AVR cung cp cho chng ta 2 ngt ngoi l INT0 v INT1 c ch hot ng ging ht nhau, c 4 kiu l:- Ngt mc thpLow level- Ch xy ra ngt khi chnINT0 hoc INT1 mc thp- Ngt thay i logicAny change- Bt k thay i logic no trn chn INT0 hoc INT1- Ngt sn lnRising Edge(logic 0 ln logic 1)- Ngt sn xungFalling Edge(logic 1 xung logic 0) MCUCR(MCU Control Register):L thanh ghi iu khin ngt ngoi, ta ch quan tm ti 4 bit thp ca thanh ghi ny, 4bit cao khng ph trch iu khin ngt ngoi.76543210

SESM2SM1SM0ISC11ISC10ISC01ISC00

Trong :- ISC01 v ISC00 l 2bit chn kiu ngt ngoi INT0. - ISC11 v ISC10l 2bit chn kiu ngt ngoi INT1 V c ch ging nhau ta ch xt 1 ngt cho c 2 ngt lun, cc thanh ghi tham gia iu khin ngt ngoi. Ta c bng nh sau:ISC01/ISC11ISC00/ISC10Kiu ngt

00Ngt mc thp

01Ngt thay i logic

10Ngt sn xung

11Ngt sn ln

SO SNH GIA NGT V CHNG TRNH CONNgt

Chng trnh con

Thi im xy ra skin

Khng bit trc (hay xy ra khngng b vi chng trnh chnh).

Bit trc (hay xy ra ng b vichng trnh chnh)

Nguyn nhn dn ns kin

Do cc tn hiu iu khin t Timer,Serial port v bn ngoi chip.

Do lnh gi chng trnh con(ACALL, LCALL).

X L NGT-Khi c mt ngt xut hin v c CPU chp nhn, chng trnh chnh b ngt. Cc thao tc sau y xy ra :- Hon tt vic thc thi lnh hin hnh.- B m chng trnh PC c ct vo stack.- Trng thi ca ngt hin hnh c lu gi li.- Cc ngt c chn li mc ngt.- B m chng trnh PC c np a ch vector ca trnh phc v ngt ISR.- ISR c thc thi.b.S x l ngt c kt ni vi mch xc nh im 0 nh sau:

Mch xc nh im 0

Chn ngt

C.Chng trnh ngt:Khi bt c im 0 th tn hiu s to ra 1 xung vung sau c a vo chn ngt v mi h thng u xy ra trong chng trnh ngt .if(chedoquangtro==0) { if(dieuchinhdosang) { for(j=0;j