HAW CREEK GENERAL INFORMATION

HAW CREEK, PIKE COUNTY, MISSOURI-TRIB TO SALT RIVER

ERODING STREAM THREATHENING COUNTY ROAD #107, FOURTEEN FT TALL ERODING BANK WITHIN 4 FT

OF THE ROAD, PROJECT CONSTRUCTED IN 1 DAY, MARCH 10, 2009

BY PIKE COUNTY PUBLIC WORKS DEPT, LaDON ATKINSON, ROAD

SUPERVISOR

HAW CREEKGENERAL INFORMATION

Bank erosion is threatening county road, threatening public safety

Stream wildly meandering in response to historic straightening

Decent riparian areas in places Bed material: gravel-sand. Channel is incised Pool-riffle-pool regime, slope less than 1% Average width 30-40 ft, 15 ft tall banks Funding, equipment, and manpower provided by

Pike County, MO

DIRECTIONS TO HAW CREEK, From Hwy 61 (Pike County, 15 miles south of Hannibal, MO), turn east on Rt. B, then left on Rt. 107. 3-4 miles

project is on the south side after a long straight section, then “S” bend.

Contact: Jaynie Doerr, regulatory, St. Louis Dist.

[email protected]

PRE-PROJECT PHOTOSby

JAYNIE DOERR, REGULATORY,

ST. LOUIS DISTRICT FEBRUARY 25, 2009

Looking US at the bend US of the project bend.

PRE PROJECT-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

Looking DS @ the upper end of the project bend.

PRE-PROJECT - HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY MO. PIX BY JAYNIE DOERR 2-25-09

LOCKED LOGS

We utilized the two existing logs (next picture) that had fallen in by

placing them angled downstream and building the LPSTP on top to “lock”

the logs in place.

Looking DS @ the center of the bend & the threatened County Road 107, Pike County, MO. We used the two trees as Locked Logs.


Looking DS @ the lower end of the project bend


Looking DS @ exit conditions to the project bend


Looking US @ the project bend. Road is 4 ft from 14 ft tall eroding bank.


Down at the farm & feed store, education !!!!

CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DERRICK 3-10-09

CONSTRUCTION PHOTOS

by Dave Derrick, COE; Jaynie Doerr, COE; & Matt Methaney, MDC

MARCH 10, 2009

We have 500 willows, stone, diesel, equipment, and time on our hands! A dangerous combination!!


Forest

Pike County Highway 107

The vertical eroding bank is 14 ft tall & 4 ft from the

shoulder of the road.

WE NEED SPACE!!!!

Haw Creek, MO Pre-project

Forest


110 ft of Longitudinal

Peaked Stone Toe Protection with

Single Stone Bendway Weirs

Haw Creek, MO. Highway protection plan

30 ft long vegetated key with soil cover

Straight vegged key

15 ft wide engineered floodplain bench with Living Dikes, poles, & Live Siltation


Haw Creek, MO. Highway protection plan

Self-Adjusting, Self-Filtering Stone Depending on size, angularity, and gradation, stone can be

neither, either, or both!! Self-Adjusting Stone:

Stone must be well-graded (from coarse to fine) so that it has the ability to "launch", or self-adjust into, and armor, scour holes formed on the streamward side, and/or stream end, of a river training structure.-Charlie Elliott says a good rule of thumb in Mississippi sand-bed streams {CAUTION: this might not apply equally well to every stream in the world} is that one ton of rock per linear ft will armor three ft of scour

Self-Filtering StoneA soil analysis should always be performed to

determine stability and erodability of bank materials and whether a filter material, (either granular or synthetic) is required.

A self-filtering stone that has worked well on the Mississippi River, and numerous other rivers and smaller streams (acting as a granular filter to prevent loss of underlying bank material) has 10% to 15% of the gradation either less that 4 inches in diameter, or less than one pound in weight, depending on how the stone is specified.

QUESTIONABLE STONE

Stone used for keys & LPSTP was a sub-standard shot rock of questionable hardness. The amount of fine material was close to 20-30%. This was a self-

filtering stone, but not well-graded, & not self-

adjusting.

Stone is not well-graded & too many fines. The stone is self-filtering, but not self-adjusting, but only $4.70/ton delivered.


STONE COSTS However, the stone was extremely inexpensive. The 432 tons of rock

used in the project, at $4.70 per ton (delivered) total cost of stone =

$2032. That was very cost effective for what we accomplished.

THE PLAN

HAW CREEKMETHODS EMPLOYED

110 ft of Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP), crest built to 4 ft above the base flow water surface elevation

Locked Logs A vegetated floodplain bench Single-Stone & Short Bendway Weirs Live Willow Pole Plantings Vegetated & curved upstream key, straight DS key Living Dikes Slit Brush Layering (Joint Planting) in riprap bank Live Siltation

We will construct from

upstream (US) to

downstream (DS)

THE UPSTREAM

KEY

A KEY HAS ONE MAIN JOB, TO CONNECT THE

RIVER TRAINING STRUCTURE TO THE REST

OF THE WORLD (DON’T LET THE STREAM GET BEHIND {FLANK} RIVER TRAINING STRUCTURES)

THE STEP-BY-STEPS FOR HAW CREEK,

TRIB. TO SALT RIVER, PIKE

COUNTY, FRANKFORT, IOWA

All drawings by Dave Derrick

Detail for key

Cross-section for keywayFlow

Looking DS at hoe digging the upstream key.


Looking DS. Setting topsoil aside for use as backfill topping


Place Willow Poles against the DS side of the trench

Detail for key

Flow

Looking DS. Placing willow poles against the DS side of key trench.


Place stone in trench

Detail for key

Flow

Choke stone with gravel (white areas) & water in.

Detail for key

Flow

Looking DS. Placing stone and creek gravel choke in US key trench.


Backfill and overfill with native soils, then compact

(some settling will still occur)

Detail for key

Flow

Looking DS. Backfilling key with quality top soil.


Hydro seed

DONE

Detail for key

Flow

LONGITUDINAL PEAKED

STONE TOE PROTECTION

(LPSTP)

ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE

PROTECTION (LPSTP) WITH SINGLE-STONE BENDWAY WEIRS, LOCKED LOGS, SOIL CHOKING,

LIVE SILTATION, POLE PLANTINGS, LIVING DIKES,

ROOTED – STOCK PLANTS, & A FLOODPLAIN BENCH

Stream channel

Top bank

Eroding bank

ENHANCED LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE TOE PROTECTION (LPSTP)

Road

“Locked Logs” placed on bed of river for improved aquatic habitat & energy dissipation. Locked Logs should be angled downstream 25 to 35 degrees so as to shed debris.


Road

LONGITUDINAL PEAKED STONE

TOE PROTECTION {LPSTP} Description: A continuous stone dike placed

longitudinally at, or slightly streamward of, the toe of the eroding bank. Cross-section is triangular. The LPSTP does not necessarily follow the toe exactly, but can be placed to form a "smoothed" alignment through the bend. Smoothed alignment might not be desirable from the environmental or energy dissipation points of view . Amount of stone used (2 tons/linear ft, 1 ton/ft, or less) depends on depth of scour at the toe, estimated stream forces (impinging flow) on the bank, and flood durations and stages.

Tie-backs are short dikes connecting the LPSTP to the bank at regular intervals. Tie-backs are usually the same height as the LPSTP or elevated slightly toward the bank end, and are keyed into the bank. If tie-backs are long they should be angled upstream to act as bendway weirs.

Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP)

As-built

After a couple of high flow events stream has scoured at the

toe & stone has self-adjusted

Sediment has deposited landward of the LPSTP

Locked Logs are then “locked” under the Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP).


Looking US @ completed US key. Forming stone into Longitudinal Peaked Stone Toe Protection (LPSTP)


Looking US. LPSTP crest is 4 ft above base flow stage



Tree or shrub poles (called Live Siltation)

installed on top of LPSTP

Willow, dogwood, river birch poles can then be laid on the stone and up against the bank. Basal ends should be in vadose

zone (capillary zone). Willow used on this project.


Live Willow poles were then laid up against the eroded bank

Looking DS. Class laying willow on LPSTP & against bank.

CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DOERR 3-10-09

Looking US. Class laying willow poles against eroding bank.


Looking US. LPSTP with willow on both sides of floodplain bench.


Looking DS. Derrick teaching during construction

CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX BY DOERR 3-10-09


Backfill material from point bar to form a floodplain bench at the Q-2 flood elevation

Looking DS. Backfilling between LPSTP & bank to form floodplain bench @ the Q-2 elevation.


LIVING DIKES are dense rows of deep-planted adventitious

rooting poles oriented perpendicular to the direction of high flow


At intervals, install willow Living Dikes (densely deep-planted adventitious poles perpendicular to direction of high flow)

Floodplain bench

planted on a grid

patternF

low

AERIAL VIEW OF ENHANCED LPSTP WITH A FLOODPLAIN BENCH WITH VEGETATION PLANTED ON

A GRID PATTERN.

Living Dikes-plants

perpendicular to flow

Live Siltation

Live Poles

Looking US. Willow poles on bank (part of the floodplain bench) near the road we are protecting


Looking US. Installing Living Dikes perpendicular to high flow, Live Siltation & Live Poles are parallel with the stream.


A Living Dike (perpendicular to high flow) on the floodplain bench.


Looking US @ the completed Floodplain bench.


Looking DS. Nice S-shaped creek alignment.



Install appropriate rooted-stock plants on the floodplain bench & seed and

mulch, or hydro-seed.

Floodplain bench will be seeded and mulched, & rooted-stock plants added shortly.

Looking US. Raining & but we still building & teaching


Flo

w

AERIAL VIEW OF ENHANCED

LPSTP WITH SINGLE- STONE

BENDWAY WEIRS, & A

FLOODPLAIN BENCH. NOTE ROAD IS ONLY

4 FT FROM BANK

Single-Stone Bendway Weir

Single-Stone Bendway Weir

Looking from top bank. Placing a Single-Stone Bendway Weir (SSBW) against the LPSTP. SSBW were spaced 20-25 ft apart.


Looking from top bank. Single-Stone Bendway Weirs


Looking US. Single Stone Bendway Weirs will move thalweg from toe of LPSTP out to the ends of the SSBW’s


Looking US @ Single Stone Bendway Weirs, LPSTP, & Live Siltation, the US key, & floodplain bench.


JOINT PLANTING IN EXISTING RIPRAP The county got a little ahead of us by placing

riprap against the bank @ the DS end, so we left it, but I wanted to show how

hard it was to vegetate that new existing riprap.

Looking DS. LaDon grabbing poles, some poles in.


Looking DS. Track hoe had a very hard time digging & raising stone a few inches to insert the willow stakes.

CONSTRUCTION-HAW CREEK-PIKE COUNTY, MO. PIX-METHANEY 3-10-09

Looking DS. Hoe had a very hard time digging in & raising stone so stakes can be inserted into the riprap


Looking DS. Row of willow stakes have been inserted into the riprap bank. It was hard to do.


THE DOWNSTREAM

KEYIn this case the key is

vegetated & parallel to the bank so that flow will not

cross and erode the opposite bank.

Look sideways @ the downstream key with live poles.


Looking US @ the downstream key.


PROJECT CONSTRUCTED

IN 1 DAY, MARCH 10, 2009

PROJECT COMPLETE

LOOKING FROM UPSTREAM TO DOWNSTREAM

Looking DS @ entrance conditions to the project bend.


Looking DS. SSBW, LPSTP, 500 willows, floodplain bench


Looking DS @ floodplain bench, willows, LPSTP, SSBW.


Looking DS. Note straight exit flow does not adversely affect DS opposite bank.


PROJECT COMPLETE

LOOKING FROM DOWNSTREAM TO UPSTREAM

Looking US@ floodplain bench, willows, LPSTP, US key, & US bend.


Looking US @ flow attack angle into project bend.


Bank Protection redundancy:

Fully functioning both hydraulically & environmentally. Multiple protection redundancy. LPSTP provides a robust, adjustable, direct armor bank toe protection. Single-Stone Bendway Weirs move scour & thalweg away from attacked bank, with velocities reduced within weir field. Locked Logs & vegetation roughness reduces near-bank velocities. Roots strengthen bank & bind soil. Floodplain bench plantings reduce flow velocities, provide stability & a continuous riparian corridor.

Stream Project Functions: LPSTP provides scour protection at toe Integrated Live Siltation provides vegetative roughness, increases

height of protection “soft protection”, shades stone & water, & has many wildlife functions {everything from carbon input to structure cover to insect production, beneficial to pollinators, etc.}

Vegetation on bank planted to slow floodwaters, capture alluvium, colluvium, woody debris, carbon, and native seed.

Bendway Weirs increase stream roughness, provide mini pool-riffle-pool sequences, reduce toe scour, & provide diversity & complexity of depth, velocity (horizontal & vertical) & substrate, & move the thalweg away from the toe of the eroding bank

Integrated Locked Logs dissipate energy, reduce near-field scour, provide toe protection & aquatic habitat complexity

Container plants on bank & overbank (to be added soon) will provide a diversity of plant species for fully functioning riparian corridor.

LESS THAN 2 MONTHS AFTER

PROJECT COMPLETION Looking US to DS

Photos by LaDon Atkinson MAY 4, 2009

LaDon Atkinson, Pike County Road Supervisor says “The veg is looking

great! This little creek has been hammered with water. We have had

several rains and the last one was 3.5" in a couple of hours. The water

has been on the floodplain bench 3 or 4 times now, notice all the sediment

that has dropped out.”

2 MONTHS LATER-HAW CR.-PIKE COUNTY, MO PIX-ATKINSON 5-4-2009

Looking DS @ LPSTP, Bendway Weirs, poles & floodplain bench.


Looking DS @ willow poles in US key


Close-up looking DS @ willows in US key


Looking DS @ the floodplain bench (overtopped 3 times in 2 months)


Deposition on floodplain bench from being overtopped 3 times in 2 months


Looking DS @ section of project parallel with road.


From road looking DS @ project.


Looking downhill @ Slit Brush Layering in riprap bank

LESS THAN 2 MONTHS AFTER

PROJECT COMPLETION

Looking DS to US. Photos by LaDon Atkinson

MAY 4, 2009


Looking US @ entire almost the entire project.


Looking US @the floodplain bench. Note deposition on bench.


Looking US @ the upper end of the project.


Looking US @ flow into project & floodplain bench

4 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT

COMPLETION Looking US to DS Photos by LaDon

Atkinson JULY 11, 2009

4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ the project bend.

4 MONTHS LATER - HAW CREEK–From LaDon Atkinson-7-11-09

4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ the US key. Great willow growth


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ key, floodplain bench, & LPSTP


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ the thalweg trace, LPSTP, Single Stone Bendway Weirs & the floodplain bench.


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ LPSTP & Slit Brush Layering in riprap


After 4 months, great growth from the 500 willows we planted!

LaDon says the floodplain bench has

about 6 inches of sediment deposition on it.

4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ floodplain bench


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking DS @ Slit Brush Layering in riprap


4 MONTHS AFTER PROJECT

COMPLETION Looking DS to US Photos by LaDon

Atkinson JULY 11, 2009

4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ thalweg, SSBW & LPSTP.


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ SSBW, LPSTP & Live Siltation


4 MONTHS LATER-From top bank looking US @ project bend


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ project & road


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US-close-up of floodplain bench. Fantastic growth & great hydraulic roughness.


4 MONTHS LATER-Looking US @ a Living Dike on the floodplain bench


Haw Creek Project

April 20, 2010 PhotosOne Year After Completion

By Jaynie Doerr, Regulatory,St. Louis District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Looking DS

Look at that Veg!

Busy Beavers

Looking US

Drainage Just DS of Project

Haw Creek Project (5 inch rain 48 hours prior to photos)

September 20, 2010Two Growing Seasons After Completion

Photos By Rob Gramke, Regulatory,St. Louis District, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Looking upstream from road

Sep 2010-notice how wide the shoulder appears now

March 2009-bank 4 feet from road

Looking upstream

May 2009

April 2010

Looking upstream – September 2010

Looking downstream

March 2009

September 2010

Looking downstream from left descending bank. The vegetation has almost completely grown over the rock – Sept 2010

From the road-notice height of willows (Sept 2010) These are happy willows!

Rock toe & short Bendway Weirs

Locked log still in place

This PowerPoint presentation was developed & built by Dave Derrick.

Any questions or comments, call my personal cell @ 601-218-7717, or email @ [email protected]

Enjoy the information!!

mailto:[email protected]

Bad dog & sneering babyCLEOPHUS & PEYTON

1947 Wurlitzer & Cleophus Speed Elvis Derrick

Documents

HAW CREEK GENERAL INFORMATION