Happiness Management

8/14/2019 Happiness Management

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HappinessManagement

Yılmaz DÜNDAR



Happiness Management Yılmaz DÜNDAR

Almost all people aim to be happyeither consciously with a plan orunconsciously without any plan. However,upon asked, only a few of those who want tobe happy will be able to express whathappiness is or under which conditions theycan be happy. This being the case, the

following questions emerge:How can we reach something that we

can not define clearly? And,

How can we make a life plan forsomething that we do not know exactly?

Without answering such questions

satisfactorily, I do not think that our effortsbring us happiness we wish.

There is another factor affectingnegatively our seeking for happiness. For me,we usually confuse happiness with two otherterms, namely “comfort” and “pleasure”.Indeed, we should be able to recognize the

states in our life described by these termsand differentiate them from each other. Inother words, we should not suppose andlabel a state of life that can truly bedescribed by “comfort” or by “pleasure” as

“happiness”. To make it clear, I would like togive an example. Let’s suppose someone whothinks that he will be happier if he can buy a

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car. When he gets the car he wishes, for mein reality, he does not become any happier

but just more comfortable. Similarly,someone thinking that he will be happier if hemeets his uncle in the evening becomes justmore pleased, not happier, when his wish isrealized. For many, this view on the realmeaning of happiness may actually seem tobe an unnecessarily detailed one. For me,

however, such a careful view is so importantthat our life will certainly be more difficultwhen it is ignored.

Upon adopting above given view on thereal meaning of happiness, one notices thathappiness is closely related to the brain.Indeed, it is an output of the brain. Hence,

the real happiness, not confused with comfortor pleasure, should be thought in closeconnection with the “wisdom”. One’s freedomto use his wisdom and a caring environmentfor the outputs of his wisdom bring himpotential happiness. Therefore, he should nothesitate to use his wisdom freely because the

wisdom does not produce any false outcomewhen it is used sufficiently. In other words,falsity results from the insufficient use of thewisdom.

The most significant output of one’swisdom is “decision”. In fact, decision is thesole output of the wisdom that makes one

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feel himself as human. It is the key for hishappiness. If this key is bereaved, it is not

possible for him to be happy. For example, if we examine closely the case of a couple withan unhappy marriage and problems in theirrelationship, we see that each complainsabout “falling on deaf ears”, “not beingconsidered important”, or “not being cared” by the other. A careful look shows us that all

such complaints are closely related to theirstate regarding decision. In fact, suchcomplaints are the direct result of inability totake a decision, to express a decision, and tofeel the importance of a decision. As a result,one with no freedom to take decision iscertainly subject to unhappiness; even if he

leads a very luxury life.The presence of the freedom to take

decision is a sine qua non condition for one tobe happy, but it is not sufficient just itself.The manner of presenting an idea, which isthe reflection of the decision in the reality,also determines the level of one’s happiness.

Therefore, besides above mentioned need fornot confusing the state of happiness withcomfort and pleasure, it is also necessary tobe aware of the connection betweenhappiness on the one hand and “wisdom”,

“decision”, and “idea” on the other. Themanner of presenting an idea is so closely

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connected with one’s happiness that a rightand correct decision may result in

unhappiness for him if it is expressed by aninappropriate manner. Presentation of a truthby an inappropriate manner constantly maycause for the development of an antipathy onthe target person against that truth, evenmake him an enemy to it.

In the light of the explanations given

above, I am of the opinion that “HappinessManagement” should be a way of life,deserving a very high level of importancefrom all of us. To make the content of theterm clear, in the following pages, I wouldlike to use a comparison method, which isextensively used by the human brain for the

purposes of learning, recognizing, andestablishing correlations.

I will try to compare basiccharacteristics of the people around usdividing them into two main groups. Thesegroups of people lead two different ways of life, which are the most common ones in the

society and can easily be observed. I havelabeled these two stereotypes as “the ideaowner” and “the idea porter”. While the ideaowner represents those with the way of lifethat is suitable to manage and ready toexperience happiness, the idea porterrepresents those with the way of life that will

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never be able to experience happiness. Tomake the comparison followed easily, the

behaviors or attitudes of the former arecoded by an “A” and those of the latter arecoded by a “B”. The same number given withboth letters shows the behavior or theattitude of the each group being comparedwith each other. By means of thiscomparison, it will be possible to obtain the

tips for the Happiness Management.1. A) The idea owner recognizes easily

“the truths” that are in compliance with “theUniversal General Truths”. Consequently, henotices his own wrongdoings without anydifficulty and tries to correct them. Since thetruths he knows enable him to notice his own

wrongdoings, the idea owner does not feelany inconvenience from listening to the ideaswith some truths and from being with thepeople who develop ideas. In other words,because the idea owner has a philosophybased on ideas, he prepares the ground forthe development of ideas and encourages

people to do so.1. B) Contrary to the above explained

behavior of the idea owner, the idea porterusually thinks that he is right. Indeed, in hismind, it is already decided that he is “theright”. Therefore, it is usually very difficult forsuch a person to notice his wrongdoings;

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sometimes, it is even impossible for him todo so. Due to this constant manner of

behavior, the idea porter often feelinconvenience from the people who developideas, and even find such people as “knowall”.

2. A) The idea owner has got the “accepting” human nature. However, weshould be careful about the meaning of the

term “accepting” used here since the benefitsfrom its practice depends largely on thecondition that it is well-understoodpreviously. If an act of accepting results fromsuch attitudes as “lack of care” or

“necessity”, it is a more dangerous act than anone-accepting one. A person who is involved

in a wrongful behavior will blame the otherperson who has previously accepted thisbehavior with an attitude of lack of care. Onthe contrary, when the act of accepting weare trying to explain here is noticed by thetarget person, he appreciates the personperforming this act previously. This is one of

the basic distinctive features to be consideredin understanding its real meaning of accepting human nature.

“Accepting” shortly means “to lovewhat exists as it is”. For someone to have gotthis nature, there should not be any feelingof being obliged to accept something. The act

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of accepting with some degree of acceptingthe inevitable, coercion, or indifference is

mainly an emotional and relative behavior,and thus, wrong. On the contrary, theattitude of “loving what exists as it is” is auniversal approach. Those who love whatexists as it is do not try to change, redesign,or make similar to themselves the peoplethey are in contact with, knowing that such

attempts are wrong. They also know thatthey are not capable of changing any personother than themselves. However, if youaccept the universal attitude of loving aperson you are in contact with as he is, thiswill provide the opportunity for that person tochange himself.

The best example for the act of accepting what exists as it is is the soil. Thesoil accepts and enjoys the seed planted intoit as they are. This act of accepting providesthem with the opportunity to change,displaying their hidden skills to grow into newentities. This is also valid for individuals. If

you “love your kids as they are”, you providethem with the opportunity to display theirskills, to use their unlimited internal power,and to change themselves.

The act of accepting we are trying toexplain here also prevents someone fromcriticizing, or even blaming, others around

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so eager to be confirmed that he uses everyopportunity to do so with any subjective

evidences. Since he supposes himself as “Mr.Right to be confirmed”, he blames those whoact contrary to this assumption for beingthoughtless, sometimes for being silly, andshows a bad temper against them.

3.A) The idea owner gets excited fromlearning truths, which increases his

astonishment. The acts of recognizing,discovering, learning the truths, and at theend being astounded by them create acomplimentary process in which each of these acts triggers one another. The ideaowner wants to learn truths not just for thepurpose of knowing them but particularly for

building a life style in accordance with them.Today, having knowledge on something

is no longer an important qualification.Technological advances have made it so easyto reach any knowledge that keeping a greatdeal of knowledge on a certain subject inone’s wisdom has become an unimportant

qualification. Consequently, it is now moreurgent to gain new skills for learning andusing the means for reaching informationtogether with abilities on universal languagescommonly used for that purpose. Given thesenew facts, it has become a weakness anddebility not to pace with universal truths and

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not build a way of life based on them. Inother words, compliance with universal truths

has become an appreciated qualification.3.B) For the idea porter, it is sufficient

to know the truths and tell them when asked.Making such truths as a part of his life is notmuch important for an idea porter. He tries tobe excused by others using such falsestatements as, “there is nothing to do for

me”, “I am like this, what can I do?”, or “it ismy habit that is not easy to change”. In otherwords, what an idea porter tells regardingtruths does not comply with his life practices.When we tell him this contrast, he may replyus repeating the common saying that “obeyto what the pope preaches, but do not act as

how he acts.” Let me describe you a very commonly

observed act of idea porters. When you lookat their speeches, conversations, statements,or articles, you see them as being verydemocratic, environmentalist, respective tohuman rights, and believer of social justice.

However, when you look at their relationswithin the family or business environment,you see them being involved in oppressive,forbidding, and even fascist behaviors. Whenyou make observations on their lifeobjectives, consumption habits, plans forfuture etc., you can see them as being

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genuine capitalists. In short, you can get theimpression about them as being democratic

in terms of speech, fascist in terms of practice, and capitalist in terms of consumption habits. Isn’t such a person aperfect idea porter?

In order to make the understanding of the above explanation easier, I would like tomake some quotations from two important

thinkers. The first one is from William HerseyDewis. Comparing the acts of two differentindividuals, he says, “There is the first personwho wants to develop a character. Thatcharacter makes him either happy orunhappy. Character is those things that theangels will tell Allah about a person. There is

the second person who wants to develop areputation. That reputation makes a personeither rich or poor. Reputation is those thingsthat people will write down about a person onhis gravestone.” The second quotation is fromTolstoy who summarizes the subject verywisely with a well-designed formula: “If we

represent the value of the man by afractional number, the dividend of thatfraction symbolizes the real personality(character) of the man, while thedenominator shows what he thinks who he is(his reputation). Of course, as inmathematics, when the denominator

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increases, the value of the fractiondecreases.” Consequently, we can conclude

from this formula that increase in one’scharacter will contribute greatly to thesuccess of that person in happinessmanagement, making it easier for him to behappy.

4.A) When we look at the ideasexpressed by the idea owner, we see that

they are about systems. It is “the system” that the idea owner always tries tounderstand and questions. Therefore, whenhe aims to find out the reasons behind anevent, he starts with asking the question

“what is wrong” rather than asking “who iswrong”.

4.B) On the contrary, we notice that theideas of the idea porter are usually related toindividuals. In other words, the idea porterdevelops his ideas by questioning peopleinstead of the system. Therefore, he startswith asking the question “who is wrong” when he investigates the reasons behind a

mistake.5.A) The idea owner builds his decision

on sound data, that is, the database for thedecisions of the idea owner has got ascientific nature. When he is in an emotionalmood, he avoids from taking decisions asmuch as possible. In addition, the idea owner

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does not take into account the decisionstaken by others on emotional basis no matter

these decisions are sympathetic orantipathetic to him. In other words, the ideaowner does not develop his attitudes orbehaviors towards other people depending onemotional data or decisions regardless of their content. In short, his acts derive fromthe ideas developed on the basis of his own

scientific database.In the introductory paragraphs on the

happiness management, we mentioned theparticular importance of presenting adecision, which always reflects an idea, in theright manner. Now, it would be useful tomake some further explanations on decision.

First of all, we should know that adecision which is not good enough is betterthan any indecision. Yavuz Sultan Selim, thegreat Ottoman Sultan, underlines wisely thisfact by saying, “Courage brings victory,indecision brings danger, and cowardicebrings death.”

On the other hand, every “decision” includes certain risks. Considering such risksand hesitating to incur them, some peoplefear to take decision, and thus, theyexperience the danger of indecision.However, we should know that “risk” is amanageable state and it is not a right act to

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hesitate or fear from manageable situationswhose command is in our hands. While every

“decision” includes a certain risk, indecisioncauses for uncertainty which is not amanageable state. Since their commands arenot in our hands, we should hesitate or fearfrom uncertain situations.

While we develop a sense of irresponsibility in the process of

“uncertainty”, whether we notice or not, weundertake a responsibility in the process of

“risk management”. This strengthens oursense of responsibility which can be definedas the state of giving an account of those wedid and those we could not do. Being asuperior personal characteristic, the sense of

responsibility can be divided into two maintypes. The first type is the one which arisesfrom the state of giving an account to anexternal authority or a person. The secondtype, on the other hand, is the one whicharises from the state of giving an account toourselves rather than to an external body.

For us, it is the second type of responsibilitythat is the most perfect and desirable onegiven that it is not possible for a person todeceive himself. On the contrary, a personwith the first type of the sense of responsibility, the one which derives fromgiving an account to an external authority or

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a person, may deceive that external authorityor person. Therefore, for the idea owner, he

himself is the sole body to be accountable.We can summarize the comparison

between decision and indecision by thefollowing formulation:

Decision + Risk Management +Responsibility = Success

Indecision + Uncertainty +Irresponsibility = Absurdity

There are two additional conditions for “decision”: It should be taken on time and itshould be right.

Supply of the necessary information ordata into the decision-making process is

another strengthening resource for “decision”. In other words, it is veryimportant to provide supporting informationor data to all kinds of decisions in allsituations. This is reflected in our daily life bythe statement as “I would like to makeconsultation on this or that subject.” This

means that consultation is an integral part of any decision taken by the idea owner. Put itdifferently, the idea owner is strongly boundto the practice of consultation when takingany kind of decision related to hisadministrative roles: whether he takesdecision about himself and his family, or

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about his apartment, his district, his city, andhis country etc.

Sustainability of the decision is alsoimportant, which can be defined as the stablecontinuation of the taken decisions. Somepeople are reluctant to give up theirpreviously taken decisions, thinking that suchan act is closely related to honesty orbravery. A common statement by these

people is as follows: “Once I declared mydecision, I can not turn back on it.” If suchinsistence on the taken decision resultssimply from stubbornness, this is not thestability or the sustainability of the decisionwe are trying to explain here given thatstubbornness is an emotional attitude which

should not be made a basis for any decision.Those decisions that are taken on the basisof emotions can not be sustainable, and eventhey are mostly not right. On the other hand,only those decisions that are taken on thebasis of scientific information or data andhave got a philosophy can be sustainable.

It is possible for us to equip ourdecisions with universal features. Thisuniversality will bring higher standards forour happiness management. The first step foruniversality is to learn the global views andexperiences, resulting from the latestscientific and intellectual developments, on

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the subject about which we want to takedecisions. It has become very easy to carry

out this first step in today’s world owing tothe widespread use of the advancedtelecommunication technologies in our dailylife.

The next step should be taking of certain decisions that match our needs usingthe available sources, instead of making up

false excuses for indecision. This secondstep can shortly be described by the well-known cliché as “think global, but act local”.

The third step required to ensure theuniversality of the decision is that it shouldhave the following important aspect, withoutwhich it is not possible to avoid from

localization. This aspect, which must be anintegral part of the decision, requires thatuniversality should start with local values andelements, but should not be stuck inlocalization. By doing so, it will be possible tokeep our decisions away from the falseperspective expressed by the statement as

“that’s enough; there is no need for furtherqualifications.”

Another point I would like to discusshere is the sanctity of the decision. For me,

“sanctity” arises, in real terms, from thecombination of knowledge and freedom. Thisview can be used for defining the sanctity of

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the decisions. Accordingly, any decision takenon the basis of free will and unprejudiced

wisdom has got a sacred nature. In thisconnection, there are two main ways forsomeone to get rid of his prejudices. Firstly,he may give up his existing prejudices byreplacing them with new ones. By this way,he thinks that he has become free fromprejudices, which is, in reality, not the case.

Secondly, he adopts knowledge instead of prejudices, which results in a real purificationfrom his biases. If you give up yourprejudices by knowledge, for knowledge, andin accordance with knowledge, you getpurified from them in a sustainable manner.Actually, it is this kind of purification from

prejudices that yields real freedom forsomeone.

A life based on such sacred decisionsbecomes sacred itself. In other words, whenknowledge and freedom become an integralpart of someone’s life, there is no room fortaboos and prejudices in it. Thus, his

decisions and life become sacred. However,sustainability of such sacredness requires theavailability of the democracy for thedecisions, which can be ensured by theapplication of the following three principles.The first principle is that the target groups of a decision to be taken should be informed

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and made be aware of it in a right manner.This rule is valid for every target group

whatever its size is, that is, whether it is thefamily, the smallest unit of the society, or thenation, the biggest one.

In fact, if we aim to ensure theadoption of several attitudes and values as away of life all over the country, we shouldfirst aim to ensure their adoption within the

family. Particularly, the values of democracy,human rights, and protection of environmentshould initially be ensured as a way of lifewithin the family or among the members of the family. The target group is the familywhich is the main unit for solution.

Informing and awareness-raising are

important issues of today that must be takeninto account urgently. The presence of someunits within the public authorities to informand be involved in awareness-raisingactivities for the target groups of a decisionto be taken will constitute a good example of the democratic practice. Informing and

awareness-raising activities for the targetgroup are not ordinary practices that aredone reluctantly. They are rather necessarybasis for the democracy of the decision. Thesecond principle required to ensure thedemocracy of the decision is that theparticipation of the target groups into the

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decision-making process, particularly into thesession during which the decision is to be

taken, is guaranteed in accordance with theuniversally accepted democratic practices. Itis obvious that the desired results from suchparticipation can be achieved in closeconnection with the first principle mentionedabove since there is a positive relationbetween informing and awareness-raising

activities for the target groups and theirparticipation to a decision. The third principlerequired to ensure the democracy of thedecision is that the arising responsibilitiesfrom the decision is determined and sharedby the related parties with granted matchingauthorities.

Another point I would like to discussregarding the decision is that correctness andstrength of a decision depend on the numberof the brains involved in making the decision.Two brains are always superior than onebrain, so are three brains than two,producing superior outputs. However, for the

success of such partnership, it is notsufficient for the participating brains “just tocome together.” Rather, they must becomplementary to each other, capable of developing common ideas, thinking togetherand inspiring from each other. The greatestpower in this century in the near future will

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be the potential of the individuals who learnhow to work together.

When someone sees some new high-tech devices which he has difficulty inunderstanding their working mechanism andin using them without taking explanatorycourses, he is surprised at how one brain canthink and design these devices. However, weshould know that such complicated devices

are the products of several brains integratedvery well to each other.

The unlimited powers of the integratedbrains make people tend to team-work.However, it should not be ignored that team-work is a brain activity that must become ahabit. In other words, team-work can not be

achieved by command or by giving orders.Therefore, the team-work described here hasno connection with a group of people comingtogether by the feeling of absolute loyalty toa leader. It is an important virtue forsomeone to include those who are superior tohimself into his team, granting freedom to

their brains.By asking a simple question, it is

possible to understand whether or not a workor an output has resulted from a team-work:

“Can someone produce this alone?”. If theanswer to this question starts with “No”, thismeans that the given output, whatever it is,

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is a product of a team-work. Through ateam-work, we can obtain a more advanced

product than the one designed individually. Interms of originality, superiority, anddistinctness, the product of a team-workresembles a good music played by anorchestra with different instruments directedby one chief. The brains that notice thesignificance of team-work get great pleasure

from this work and its products, whichconstitutes an important drive for involving init. In other words, when the brains recognizethe potential power of their partnership witheach other and get the pleasure of it, theybecome excited for being a partner to team-work and hurry up to do so. The reason

behind the pleasure that the brains get fromintegrating and producing together is the factthat they have a universal basis that does notenjoy separatism. Therefore universal loveand peace is the aspiration of the brains thatare saved from prejudices and reach theiruniversal basis which is against all kinds of

separatism and discrimination. Therefore, itis a priority and an urgent need to put intoeffect an educational policy that will ensurethe preparation of our kids’ and youths’ brains for team-work during their learningand training process. In addition, possiblesolutions for the chronic national problems

should be revised in the light of the above

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given explanations. Since some drasticproblems arise from various acts of many

different people as though they constituted ateam, solutions to such problems should alsobe found through the team-work. In fact, if the problem to be solved is a product of several brains, solution to this problem cannot be produced by only one brain.

The high level administrators

responsible for critical decisions shoulddifferentiate decision-making from decision-taking very well. They do not confuse theauthority of decision-taking with that of decision-making. The two phenomena,decision-making and decision-taking, shouldbe considered as completely different from

each other, each of which requires differentskills and processes. Those who makedecisions may lack the necessary skills fordecision-taking. While decision-makingrequires a team-work based on the flow of multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinaryscientific data, decision-taking requires

entrepreneurship, courage to chance a highrisk, and determined follow-up.

It is a dangerous way of management,which is usually impossible to be preventedfrom, that those having the authority of decision-taking carry out this task with thepsychology that they are always “clever,

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right, and know everything”. However, weshould bear in mind that the rightness and

strength of a decision increases when thedecision-taker uses his authority andavailable resources to set up a team to makedecisions within a free and democraticenvironment as well as ensuring the flow of necessary information in usable form into thedecision-making process. The main task of

decision-makers, through the team-work, isto prepare alternative or multiple options fora decision to be taken by decision-takers.The tasks of opting among the offeredalternatives, implementing the chosendecision, making necessary follow up, andconcluding it are closely related to the skills

of decision-takers.5.B) Contrary to the idea owner whose

decisions depend on his universal data-base,it is a habit for the idea porter to act inaccordance with his assumptions in his life.This means that his ideas and decisionsderive mostly from his assumptions. Even if

the idea porter has got a nature that givesimportance to the science, he can not avoidfrom conditioning his acts on assumptions.He frequently uses the statement as “sorry, Ihad thought so”, if he has got the virtue of making excuse. Therefore, he takes decisionswhen he is in an emotional mood, for which

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he usually regrets later on. In other words,such states as romanticism, ambition, hate,

grudge, compassion, cheer contribute greatlyto the decisions and ideas developed by theidea porter. It is again the assumptions thatare the causes behind these states which arenot appropriate for human being. If theassumptions of someone increase hisexcitement, he can not avoid from acting

with prejudices. In other words, assumptions,which do not certainly derive fromknowledge, foster prejudices, even makethem indispensable characters. Most of thehurt and umbrage that the idea porterfrequently experience with the individualsaround him derive from his assumptions. We

should not forget that knowledge guides manto reach the truth, whereas assumptions takehim to trouble.

6.A) The idea owner is a good listener.He is very careful about looking at the face of the person to whom he is listening or talking.He listens to others to understand them

rather than seem to be kind enough to listento them. It is quite important for the ideaowner to establish sound contacts withothers. The first step to do so is tounderstand the other person or make himnotice your intention and efforts in thisdirection. If you wish to reach a consensus

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with others on something, you should firstunderstand them. You can help others even

by just listening to them: If you listensomeone twice or three times, you help himdischarge his feelings and get relaxed.

6.B) On the contrary, the idea porteralways wants to be listened. He can notendure to listen to others. When he isenforced to do so, he has difficulty in looking

at the face of the speaking person and dealswith other things while waiting impatientlyfor the end of the talk. However, the ideaporter can not endure not to be listened whilehe is speaking. In such a case, he sometimesacts combatively indicating that he perceivethis an insulting attitude against him. If he

has got an authority, a high position, orpower, he displays this particularcharacteristic of idea porters more strongly.

7.A) The idea owner trust in otherpeople. He builds his plans on thisconfidence. However, this confidence of theidea owner does not derive from naiveté or

stupidity. On the contrary, it derives from hisnature of loving what exists as it is andaccepting people as they are. It is this typeof confidence that influences the decisions of the idea owner.

In this connection, Pestalozzi statesthat in order to gain love and trust of others,

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you should first develop love and trusttowards them. He puts it as follows: “Love is

not stimulated by anything except for love.Similarly, trust is not stimulated by anythingexcept for trust.” This means that if you wishto be loved, you should first love others andif you wish to be trusted in, you should firsttrust in others.

7.B) The idea porter usually does not

trust in anybody, building his acts on doubts.However, doubting yields perception of threat, by which a rebellion is triggered andthe system becomes unable to work.Assumption, doubt, and prejudice areinterdependent states that stimulate andincrease each other. Those who make their

decisions on the basis of this trio can notavoid from having constant conflicts in theirrelations with others, including their familymembers, relatives, and close friends.

8.A) For the idea owner, everyone is adifferent world and a different library tobenefit from. He considers others as

individuals to consult with. He is well awareof the fact that it is possible to developoriginal ideas through inspiring from theideas of others, so each man has got a greatvalue of his own as a source of inspirationwhich should not be drained.

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8.B) For the idea porter, individualsaround him are those who should be

disciplined. Because of this attitude towardspeople, the idea porter is chary of praise. Forhim, people are not source of ideas but thatof problems. Therefore, he behaves peoplearound him like a psychologist stating thesentences that start with “your problem is…”

9.A) The idea owner knows how to

consider an issue from other points of view.In other words, it is not difficult for him tomake empathy. As a result, he can easilymake consensus or compromise with others,which is one of the most important merits of the idea owner. Indeed, debating becomes agood act when it is possible to develop new

living conditions at the end throughcompromising and meeting at least commondenominators.

9.B) The idea porter wants and expectseveryone to share his point of view regardingthe issues on the agenda. He blames thosewho do not agree with him for lacking

capability of grasping and understanding thematter. He thinks that others can find thetruths only if they adopt his view since hebelieves that “he is right and clever, so heknows best” regarding almost every matter.This assumption of the idea porter makes anobstacle for him to share the views of others.

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If he is in power, there are a lot of distantfriends around him, who always tell him “yes,

you are right” to ensure their own interests.The idea porter loves such friends muchmore.

10.A) The idea owner neither feels sadnor has got fears in his life. Sadness is anemotion related to the past. In other words,the recurring sorrows arising from someone’s

past experiences constitute the state of sadness for him. If this state of sadnessbecomes a way of life for an individual, it willnegatively affect the new days to live, newdecisions, and new ideas to be developed byhim. However, instead of living constantly inthe past thorough imagination, the idea

owner knows how to throw the lessons of thepast to the winds. For the idea owner, boththe experiences of his own and those of others are important sources to benefit. Whatis important for him is to use and benefit thissource properly. It is meaningless for him touse the word “I wish…”, which will transform

the past experiences into sadness. He isaware of the fact that he can not bring thepast forward and intervene to the eventsoccurred in it any more.

On the other hand, fear is an emotionrelated to the future. The idea owner isalways hopeful for the future. In other words,

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he has a constant hope for the future, whichprevents him from fearing it. This unending

hope of the idea owner arises from the factthat he always has got a goal in his life. Hedetermines the priorities of his life and putgoals to be pursued daily in conformity withthese priorities.

In this connection, one of the maincharacteristics of the idea owner is that he is

busy with something at the present moment.He is certainly involved in an action in thelight of his past experiences and his hopesfor the future goals. He plans certain actionswishing to make his past experiences andfuture goals a part of his life. Theexperiences, goals, hopes, and priorities of

the idea owner require him to manage histime properly.

10.B) The idea porter lives anxiously,that is, uneasy feeling has become a habit forhim. At the root of this anxious life led by theidea porter, there are the factors related tothe past and the future. The prints of the

past events make emotional acts dominant inthe life of the idea porter. One of the mostdistinctive attitudes for the idea porter is thathe bears grudge against the related peopleregarding the past events, which sometimesinfluences all his acts. He exposes hispersistent grudge by saying “no longer can

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you regain my confidence, I will never forgiveyou!” On the other hand, feeling of sadness

about the past produces for anxious acts forthe future. Since the plans and the goals of the idea porter for the future usually can noavoid from the trio of assumptions – doubts –prejudices, he feels fear, anxiety, and newsuspicions for the future. Because of allthese, the idea porter can not be sure about

the present moment he is in and he feelsuneasy. He usually wastes his time byplanning actions. The state of anxiety makesan obstacle for him to manage his timeproperly.

11.A) The idea owner has got the typeof wisdom that is transparent to other

people. In other words, transparency is a lifeprinciple for the idea owner. The peoplearound him trust in his views without feelingany secrecy regarding them. This transparentways of thinking and acting save others fromassumptions, by which the vicious circle of assumptions – doubts – prejudices is broken.

11.B) Secrecy gives the idea porterease. He supposes that he will be powerful if he thinks, plans, and implements somethingsecretly. By the term secrecy here, I meanthe hidden parts of a matter that the relatedpeople normally have the right to know underthe valid social rules. When they fail to learn

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a matter through the normal communicationchannels in the daily life, they may fall into

the trap of assumptions. It is not difficult toguess the manner and results of therelationship between a person who is stuckwith the vicious circle of assumptions –doubts – prejudices and an idea porter who isfond of secrecy. When we notice the badintentions of the idea porter and question

him about them, he tries to evade the issuesaying “it is not a very convenient time nowtalk about it.”

12.A) Idea owners are very sensitiveand careful when they express their ideas.For them, relations with others are the issuethat has to be given the highest importance.

He knows that people develop their attitudestowards an idea, giving priority to themanner by which it is presented rather thanto the content it has. The more positive isthis attitude, the more pleasing are therelations. Experts say that the factsexpressed calmly are more effective in

changing the views of others than threats oruse of force.

In addition, regarding a task to bedone, idea owners think “how to do it” ratherthan “how to make it done.” While the formerattitude include a transparent team-workbased on shared authorities and

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responsibilities as well as division of tasksamong the members in accordance with their

knowledge and skills, the latter attitudeinclude all or some of the following elements:command, deception, threatening, and lackof appreciation for the services of others atthe end.

Furthermore, idea owners present theirideas in an explanatory manner. They are

kind and patient enough to convince others if it is required so. In this connection, anotherattitude adopted by idea owners as a way of life is that they express whatever they wishto say in the best possible way and theyperform whatever they wish to do in themost esthetic and softest possible way. The

idea owner adopts this attitude in order notto get any appreciation or be praised byothers but for his belief that a person shouldnormally act so without expecting anything inreturn.

Finally, achieving to edify themselvesvery well, idea owners never get angry with

someone whatever the matter is andwhoever the individual is. They never angerothers deliberately, by planning, or throughtheir acts. They give so much importance tothe honors of others that they do not offendthem. And finally, they are not offended byothers since they have managed to love

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“whatever exists as it is” without anydifficulty. It is possible to express shortly this

perfect state reached by the idea owner byfour words as follows: no angry, no angering,no offend, no offended.

12.B) Idea porters express their ideasin a dictating manner. Even their ordinarydialogues have got a dictating tone. Thereason behind this is their assumption that

they have a mission to teach the truth toothers. That’s why they always try to changesomeone whom they disapprove. In otherwords, they are not aware of the fact that noone has got the power to reshape anotherindividual. Only if you approve of anindividual as he is, you equip him with the

power to change himself. It is very importantto create desire and power for the people tobe changed since man can only changehimself, not anyone else. The dictatingmanner adopted by the idea porter does notcrate any positive impacts on people even if what they tell consists of truths and right

suggestions. This behavior specific to theidea porter is one of the reasons behind thedifficulty faced by parents in making theirkids understood the truths.

In addition, it is significant for ideaporters to keep an eye on the behaviors of others and infer some meanings from them.

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Since they build their plans on assumptions,idea porters always watch people around

them, or make others do so on behalf of them, to develop necessary assumptions onwhich they build their plans. They tend to usea third person to contact with others as theydo not have the courage for a face-to-facediscussion. Idea porters feel obliged tomaintain the vicious circle of assumptions –

doubts – prejudices.Idea porters suppose the silence of

others on a given matter as a reflection of the success of their dictating manner.However, someone who takes others for foolthat do not understand anything regardingthe matter in hand is perhaps the biggest

stupid on earth. The individual may usuallybe reacting silently as follows: “What do youthink who you are? I know how to do my taskand can perform it much better than youcan!”

Furthermore, idea porters impose banson others to support their dictating manner.

They exploit such terms as forbidden, sin,and shame to a great extent. It is a commonway for idea porters to use these terms tofrighten people and make them accept theirown ideas as the only way for a solution.Then, through some minor pleasing actstowards those previously frightened people,

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they try to prove that, in reality, they have agood intention.

13.A) The idea owner would preferguidance to command in his relations withothers. For the purpose of motivating peoplein the positive and right direction, he tends touse some incentives and awards. Thefollowing quotation from Can Dündar, afamous Turkish columnist and writer, reflects

the strong desire of the ruled people inTurkey for such a method: “We are seekingfor a coordinator rather than a shepherd forus. And, we would rather live humanly thandie heroically.” Indeed, the desire of man isto be guided rather than be commanded andfaced with acts and attitudes that disclose

their hidden skills and abilities and improvethem.

13.B) The idea porter wants tocommand people rather than guide them. Heexpects them to act in conformity with hisown desires and views. When the peopleunder his administration make some

mistakes, the idea porter considerspunishment as the only possible way to helpthem correct such mistakes and find thetruth. The obedience of individuals to hisorders under threat of punishment, withoutbelieving it by heart, gives the idea porterthe impression that he is right in using such

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methods. He verbalizes this feeling to thepeople around him saying as “You have

finally understood how to act well! Use of force is the only efficient way to make youwork! You see now who I am!”

In this connection, it is possible todivide the ways of ruling into two maingroups. While the first one can be called as

“Suppress and Command”, the second can be

called as “Develop and Guide”. The ideaporter prefers the first way of ruling, that is,

“Suppress and Command”. Adopting thismethod as a life principle, the idea porteruses every opportunity to help him suppressthe people around him. The second way of ruling, that is, “Develop and Guide”, is a

nightmare for the idea porter. He is afraid of the individuals who try to developthemselves, so he secretly erects barriers forthe factors to develop them. However, to givethe impression that he supports the peoplearound him, the idea porter sometimes pavesthe ways for those factor that will make a

minor contribution to their development inreal terms.

When the idea porter faces thenecessity to appreciate others for theirachievements, he does this in a sarcasticmanner. In addition, if he plays even a minorrole in this achievement, the idea porter is

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very careful not to neglect to remind it to therelated individuals and to make them confirm

his own role in it. However, such manner andattitude of the idea porter towards theachievements of others make them run awayhim.

14.B) Another characteristics thatdistinguishes definitely the idea owner fromthe idea porter is their attitudes vis-à-vis

power. While the idea owner considers thepower as a mean to be shared with othersand to protect them, the idea porter uses itto “suppress”, “destroy”, and “impose silenceon” others.

For the idea owner, each individual hasgot a power derived from his own

distinctness from others. He should use thispower by sharing it with others and toprotect them when necessary. When he doesso, he is uplift and becomes more powerful.It is a fact that a shared power with othersincreases by the number of the sharingindividuals. However, idea owners are also

aware of a very important fact in thisconnection that they should not seek for orexpect to any price in return for sharing theirpower with others or using it to protect them.Knowing that happiness management is theoutcome of the wisdom – decision – idea trio,the owner is very eager to use his power for

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the protection of the freedom of thought. It isobvious that “the power” used to protect the

freedom of thought also becomes “sacred” given our previously developed definition of being “sacred” as “the point where freedomand knowledge meets each other”, A powerto protect the freedom of thought existsinside every man as a value producing hisdistinctness. By using this power, individuals

have the opportunity to make theirdistinctness sacred. However, these sanctitiesare not the values to be worshipped. On thecontrary, they constitute the steps by whichfreedom will bring man the universal love andpeace, that is, the universal truth.

The idea owner is aware of the fact that

the distinctness of someone from others andpower derived from this distinctness bring agreat responsibility for him. His fearing thathe may not carry out this responsibilityproperly makes the idea owner feel himself powerless rather than powerful. That’s whybeing conscious of the fact that the

distinctness and power in his hand actuallybelongs to those who need them, the ideaowner do not claim any possession on thisdistinctness and power, directing them totheir actual owners.

I would like to give an example for howsomeone shares the power derived from his

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distinctness with the related individuals anduses it to protect them. Let’s imagine that

you have to walk across a very busy streetduring rush hour. As a healthy adult, it seemseasy for you to do so. As a matter of fact;you never think about whether it is easy ordifficult for you to walk across a busy street,playing down your distinctness that make itpossible for you. Then, you see an old man

with a white walking stick as a sign for hisblindness. Obviously, unlike you, it is difficultfor him to walk across the street. Thus, younotice your distinctness from the old, blindman, which enable you to walk across a busystreet. You also feel keenly the power in yourhand derived from this distinctness. However,

as an idea owner, you never think to use thispower to suppress the old, blind man. On thecontrary, you approach immediately to helphim walk across the street safely. If requiredso, you even hold his arm. Unconsciously andwithout expecting any price, you feel itobligatory to help for an unfamiliar man who

can not see you as you are to appreciate.Even, you blame yourself for being careless if he experiences a difficulty in crossing thestreet by stepping down a hole on his course.Is it not surprising that you accuse yourself for such an event, though you are thepowerful one? Actually, the answer is NOT! It

is you, not the old man, that have got the

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ability to see. In this case, this ability makesyou responsible, under which you also feel

yourself as powerless. Despite yourdistinctness, the state of powerlessness youexperience here, that is, the feeling that youare not the owner of any power in actualterms, brings your heart a great deal of peace which is difficult to be described,doesn’t it? After you help him walk across the

street, you look behind the old man to seehim proceeding on his way safely. This putsyou at ease and, then, you intend to returnto your work. However, for a short while, youmay have difficulty in recalling what to dosince the peace you feel in your heart forhelping the old man causes you to forget the

work you were to do just before seeing him.Even if the old man does not thank you foryour help, you do not care it. You also do notmind that he does not see you as his helperto appreciate. On the contrary, it is thesecrecy of this sharing that brings you furtherpeace. By this event, you notice your

distinctness and share the power derivedfrom it with a man in need of it and used thispower for the protection of him. This kind of sharing and protection described here is theprinciple adopted by the idea owner in usinghis power. Use of all your distinctness and thepowers derived from them as much in

conformity with the given example as

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possible will bring you the kingdom over theboundless country of the humanity.

14.B) On the contrary, for the ideaporter, “power” should be used to suppressthe people around him. Hence, being afraidof that “power”, these people know the limitsof their capacity. For the idea porter, “power” should also have an effect on the wisdoms of people around him so that they can not think

freely. Since he believes in disciplining theideas of people as the easiest way to controlthem, instead of free ideas, the idea porterenjoys the ideas similar to those of his ownand the individuals who produce such ideas.He considers the individuals who think andexpress his thoughts freely as a potential

cause for the violation of the order.Therefore, he supposes that he will preventthis violation if he uses the powers in hishand particularly to prohibit free speechesand thoughts. However, the silence of thesuppressed people by this way resembles thesilence of the galley slaves who wait for an

opportunity to rebel. When this silenceaccumulates in the course of time, thepresupposed power of the idea porterbecomes unable to prevent it from eruptingwith a great noise. It is the presupposedpower of the idea porter that will first yield tothis new force and collapse. The idea porter

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can notice how great the energy arises fromthe freedom gained by the silent people can

be only at the very last moment.Detecting the extent to which his power

becomes unable to suppress people, the ideaporter imposes bans to maintain his powerand strengthen its suppressing affect.Dividing people into two main groups asthose who obey his bans and those who do

not, the idea porter awards the first groupwhile punishing with severity the second one.In doing so, he aims to create the slaves of his order which is supposed to be maintainedin peace through suppressing people andmaking them accept his power. Prohibitionsand slaves are the supporting basis for the

idea porter’s narrow world.15.A) The idea owner has got a

personality that enjoys serving others. Pleasebe patient enough not to reply as “this is notextraordinary! Almost everybody enjoysserving others.” Serving here has got a veryimportant specialty. That is, it is done not

only without expecting to or seeking for anyprice in return but also without judging orcriticizing the target group. In other words,serving by the idea owner arises from thesense of “giving”; there is no room for adesire of “taking” behind it. Particularly, thisserving is not related to any expectation for a

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bigger return. For the idea owner, there is nodifference between “a service done for a

greater and better return” and “gambling”.The fact that the idea owner

approaches the people, even the wholenature, by a feeling of “what I can give” andestablishes contacts under this feelingconstitutes a very important step forensuring the universal love and peace. As

mentioned previously, the distinctness of individuals from others means that they havegot the power to share with them. It is thisdistinctness that makes up the core of thefeeling of giving by the idea owner. All thesemake the idea owner give priority to theinterests of the community.

15.B) On the contrary, the idea porterenjoys being served by others. He believesstrongly that the individuals under his rule orhis relatives have to serve him.Consequently, in his mind, he divides thepeople around him into two main groups asthose who serve him and those who do not.

The idea porter blames the latter group forbeing ungrateful. He determines not only hisattitudes and acts towards this group butalso the rights to be granted to them inaccordance with this assessment. By thisway, the idea porter thinks that he showsthem their place. Due to the given

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personality, idea porters also establish alltheir contacts with people under a “what can

I get” approach. They never forget thebenevolence and goodness they did forothers. When they meet someone for whomthey have previously helped, idea portersfirst see their help, then the relatedindividual.

Idea porters also claim that they work

for the community. Indeed, you can see thembeing involved in many social activities, evenin organizing them. However, through suchactivities, idea porters actually seek for theirown interests rather than that of thecommunity.

Similarly, when you pierce beneath the

show of the acts of benevolence or goodnessby idea porters, you notice that they are, inreality, actuated by low and selfish motives.They have got a voracious appetite for beingappreciated for those acts that they consideras benevolence or goodness. Therefore, theytell repeatedly such acts to those who

appreciate them to get additionalappreciation.

Family environment is of greatsignificance regarding the subject in hand. Asa matter of fact; it is necessary to considerfamily environment as the first forum whereall problems are dealt to find appropriate

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solutions. It is not possible for a housefatherto be successful in happiness management so

long as he considers that his wife and kidshave to serve him and determines his actstowards them in accordance with this view.

Those who approach to the members of their society with a “what can I get” desirebecome the “cruel masters” of that society.On the contrary, those who join their society

with a “what can I give” feeling become “sublime leaders” for that society. When thecruel masters die, they become tiny.However, when the sublime leaders die, theyget greater and greater day by day.

16.A) Idea owners give moreimportance to the quality than the quantity in

conformity with the old saying that “not theenvelope but the letter inside is important”.In addition, they are in favor of pluralism,that is, they also give importance to thecommon understanding in the society. Thepassion for freedom, which is the primarycharacteristics of the idea owner, requires

respect to the common understanding in thesociety.

16.B) Idea porters exposes attitudesthat give importance to the quantity. Theywant to obtain prestige through their image.In addition, idea porters are in favor of augmentation rather than pluralism, that is,

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they are not interested in the commonunderstanding in the society but the number

of the people joined them. They get proud of the gathering of people around themselves,considering those people loyal to them tosuch an extent that they are ready to die forthem. This proud provides idea porters with agreat pleasure.

17.A) The essence of the ideas offered

by the idea owner usually aims to repair orimprove something. The term “ideas” usedhere should not be misunderstood as beingunrelated to the daily life. It would be wrongto think that idea developing is an outcomeof a specific intellectual effort. On thecontrary, if one examines carefully his daily

life and the events in it, he finds out that hedevelops quite many ideas and presents mostof them to others in a day.

The ideas developed by idea ownershave got an inclusive nature, that is, theyinclude even the ideas of those who thinkthat they have got different opinions. This

inclusiveness of the ideas developed by ideaowners arises from the fact that idea ownersalways focus their wisdom on oneness andunity. In addition, it is remarkable that theideas and thoughts of idea owners have got arelaxing and pleasing nature.

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The aim of these acts by the ideaowner is to create a movement of

understanding that will ensure universal loveand peace.

17.B) On the contrary, the ideas offeredby the idea porter usually aims to prove the

justness of his complaining point of view orstrengthen it. If they cause others toexperience the assumptions – doubts –

prejudices trio, idea porters regardthemselves as successful. When you examinetheir ideas, it is possible for you to find themout in the form of criticizing, worrying, andterrifying. You can also regard these ideas asthe difficulties injected into the life. If ideaporters are in the position to have got some

authority and power, they draw yourattention as overwhelming individuals for thepeople around them. These individuals tendto label those who are involved in some actsand attitudes that they dislike as being

“careless, lazy, gormless, and clumsy.

Obviously or secretly, dividing

constitutes the core of the ideas developedby idea porters. The so-called “Divide andRule” method of ruling adopted by ideaporters puts them at ease, giving them thefalse impression that they are right.

18.A) Idea owners use goodness toovercome evil they face. In such a case, they

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never consider to be involved in somecounteracts that are justified by a “tit for tat”

understanding. Having a wisdom that isready for forgetting both the badness doneagainst him and the goodness he does forothers, the idea owner takes care not toforget the goodness done for him. At theplatforms for discussion, the inevitablevictory of good ideas in compliance with the

universal truths against bad ideas is, inreality, the victory of the trio of “wisdom –decision – idea”. On the other hand, it is theassumptions – doubts – prejudices trio that isdefeated under the arbitration of genuinetruth. Composed of idea owners, all soldiersof the victorious part are of equal rank

without any hierarchy. However, themembers of the defeated part, who arebound to the assumptions – doubts –prejudices trio, develop a hierarchy amongthemselves based on fear.

18.B) Considering the “tit for tat” approach as the only valid method to be

adopted, the idea porter gets his firstrelaxation through the justification providedby this approach for his possible counteractsagainst someone. His ultimate relaxationtakes place after performing the plannedcounteracts. However, such methods for

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relaxation are in strict conflict with happinessmanagement.

The fact that idea porters can not relaxunless they take revenge creates a spitefulimage of them among the people around. Itis an important distinctive feature of the ideaporters that they bear a grudge againstothers and develop a recurring trio of

“assumptions – doubts – prejudices.” While

the “wisdom – decision – idea” trio isimportant dynamics for happinessmanagement, the “assumptions – doubts –prejudices” trio constitutes dynamites for it.Therefore, it is necessary to adopt themethods that strengthen these dynamics andmake them sustainable on the one hand and

eliminate the given dynamites on the other.19.A) For the idea owner, the manner

for the implementation of his decisions, i.e.for his actions, is also important. In additionto the previously mentioned necessity of thewisdom basis for decisions and theimportance of the manner in the presentation

of such decisions in the form of ideas,determination of the middle course in puttingthese ideas into practice constitutesnecessary conditions for the sustainability of the happiness management. Accordingly, theidea owner seeks for the middle course in hisactions. By doing so, he avoids from extreme

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which they live than that of their own. Thisrequires respect to the least common

denominators among the different membersof the society. Attempts to increase thenumber of such least common denominatorsget these members closer to meet on thebasis of the wisdom. They know that the

“assumptions – doubts – prejudices” triomakes it difficult to reach a consensus among

the people in the society on the leastcommon denominators.

Idea owners believe the necessity toensure the state of security and peace amongthe people with different views. Besides thisnecessity, their acceptance on the sanctity of the decisions taken by free will and liberated

mind from prejudices makes the governancewith democracy indispensable for ideaowners. For them, democracy is thethreshold for an acceptable form of government. Any other proposed form of government under this threshold can not beput on the agenda by the idea owner, even as

an alternative to be discussed.

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19.B) On the other hand, idea porterstends to be fanatic in their opinions,decisions, ideas, and particularly in theirpractices. This fanatic point of view makesthem discriminatory individuals. In otherwords, the idea porter adopts an approach of

“those on our side and those not” towardspeople regarding several matters. If he cannot find a suitable and encouraging

environment to put this approach intopractice, he certainly does so secretly in hismind. However, “DISCRIMINATION” is thekey factor that causes individuals to fail inhappiness management. It results from thepractices and conducts performed fanatically.These practices and conducts cause

individuals to be discriminatory by providing justification for such approach and making itsadoption easy. However, the fanatic mannerof behavior is not a product of the wisdomgiven that it requires meeting at leastcommon denominators and adoption of themiddle course. On the contrary, this manner

is a product of the “assumptions – doubts –prejudices” trio.

Despite the fact that fanatic behaviorhas got so many dangerous outputs, oursociety has yet to announce the encouragingfactors for such behaviors as wrong. On thecontrary, views that encourage fanatic

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conducts are still common in our society.Idea porters who potentially tend to be

involved in fanatic practices and actions arenot satisfied with a life based on the middlecourse understanding and least commondenominators. Their readiness for bearing agrudge against others breaches all possiblecontracts on such values.

The “fanatic manner of behavior”,

which is a product of the assumptions –doubts – prejudices trio inevitably results intwo events: “DISCRIMINATION” and

“VIOLENCE”. The latter is the ultimate targetfor which the trio of assumptions – doubts –prejudices tries to obtain. On the contrary,happiness management requires to be

separated and away from this target, that isVIOLENCE, as much as the separation anddistance between East and West. Indeed, it isnot possible for a happiness seeker to be sideby side with violence.

Encouraging the young to be ideaowners is a pre-requisite for their success in

the future. However, they should be verycareful about the sources that inspire theirideas. If a source, e.g., an article, a film, or aseminar, from which the young try to developtheir ideas reflects such an approach that

“those who do not think like us are not withus”, this is a sound indicator of the definite

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falsity of that source. Even, if the sourcecontains the truest or the most sacred ideas

of the world, it losses its value due to thefalsity of its approach. Any idea developed bya discriminatory approach, as reflected bythe motto “they are not with us”, is neithertrue nor sacred. The reason behind this is thefact that all views deviating from theuniversal peace and love are defective.

A discriminatory perspective results inviolations of rights in practice. Thediscrimination between “man” and “women” is an example of such practices by ideaporters. The degree of the respect to therights of women in a society can be seen asan indicator of its level of civilization. From

this perspective, the human rights of “women, children, and handicappedindividuals”, who constitute the group at risk,have got a priority and urgency for oursociety. The concept of “human rights” includes “respect to and protection for thehonor of human being, ensuring of healthy

and balanced living conditions that aresustainable, and governance based ondemocratic principles.” Upon examining thehuman rights of women, we should comparethe present status of our women with theuniversally accepted norms and standardsreached at the 21th Century. According to a

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recent survey by the UN, two out of three(2/3) of the works in the world are being

done by women, only one out of ten (1/10)of the total income are being earned bywomen, and one out of one thousand(1/1000) of total private ownership belongsto women and two out of three (2/3) of thosewho are illiterate are women. For me, theefforts that aim to grant equal rights for

women with men can not be successful.Especially, long-term success requires theadoption of positive discriminationperspective for women. This perspectiveshould not be understood as giving someextra rights to women. Such anunderstanding will make it difficult for us to

cognize the real meaning of positivediscrimination for women. On the contrary,positive discrimination is the perspective toensure justice on this matter, which can bedefined as “granting someone with whathe/she deserves.” Therefore, even if it mayseem that women are granted with some

extra rights by this approach compared tomen, it is possible to do so when the abovegiven definition of justice is taken intoaccount. In fact, it is possible to talk aboutequal status for men and women only afterensuring this perspective. In case the priorityis given to ensuring equal rights for men and

women instead of justice, it may not be

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possible to guarantee equal status for them.Therefore, a desired “status” for women

should first be determined, and then, theareas where some measures of positivediscrimination is required for women inaccordance with the present conditionsshould be determined together with the timespan necessary to put them into practice.The determined areas should be reviewed

and readdressed in the course of time.The place of women in the community

and the importance of their role in solvingthe present problems in the world haverecently been better understood. It has alsobeen understood that family environment isthe primary context in solving the national

problems related to the concepts of “humanrights”, “democracy”, and “environmentalprotection”. Within the family, the role of thewoman is of great importance in ensuringthese universal values to become the way of life for our society. For a perfect performanceof this role by women, it is first necessary to

give importance to their rights and ensurethem fully. To do so, adoption of “positivediscrimination perspective for women” constitutes a pre-condition or a sine-qua-non

criterion.

The positive discrimination perspectivein favor of women ensures justice and results

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in equality in the status of men and women.Consequently, attempts to ensure positive

discrimination for women in compliance withthe situations they are in and the activitiesthey are involved in indicate a civilizationalaspect.

20) Idea owner considers the universaltruths and the ways to reach them as themeans for happiness management. He also

knows that getting the truth or attaining theright is only possible through the interactionof ideas at democratic platforms. For the ideaowner, ensuring “peace” and “development” requires free thinking and free expression of thoughts by the individuals.

On the other hand, idea porters make

bodies, rather than ideas, collide with eachother, using the existing differences amongthe ideas as an excuse for such fighting. Forthe idea porter, use of violence is inevitableon the way to “the truth” or “the right”. Atthis point, we can list the cornerstones forthe occurrence of violence as follows:

assumption, doubts, prejudice, fanaticmanner of behavior, discriminatoryperspective, and violence. Since the ideaporter starts to act by his “assumptions”,

“use of violence” becomes inevitable for himat the end. On the contrary, since the

“wisdom” basis of the idea owner blockades

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3. to develop the ability to reach acompromise with others on common

grounds,4. to put the reached compromise into

practice within the society.

Having an idea is very important butnot sufficient itself. It is also necessary tolearn how to have his ideas race with thoseof others. This attitude is of great importancegiven that those who do not have the abilityto have their ideas race either make theirbodies collide with others or find a way tonumb themselves. Worse still, theysometimes both let their bodies collide andnumb themselves. In other words, someonewho can not solve his problem with others by

using his tongue (speaking) tends to solve itby using his hands. Consequently, availabilityof forums, means, and other opportunities forsolving problems through discussion is abasic requirement for ensuring democracy. Ina real democratic environment, violence andother kinds of repressive acts or attitudes are

considered as embarrassing practicesnecessary to be kept away.

While idea owners who feel that theyhave reached the truth through having theirideas race describe the outcome as “thevictory of the truth”, idea porters who adoptthe way of making their bodies collide with

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each other consider the result as “the victoryof their side”. Those in the former group give

priority to ransack their conscience, whereasthose in the latter group have got a morematerialistic attitude. It is inevitable for ideaporters to tend to use others for their ownsake. However, it is equally possible for themto be used by others.

Idea owners have got the capacity to

make the troubled environment around themperceived as if a rose garden. In otherwords, individuals around the idea owner feelrelieved by the energy released from hishappiness. On the contrary, idea porters arepermanently in the fire, being used as a firetongs by those who do not wish to hold the

fire by their hands.

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WISE NUTRITION

Today, wise nutrition has become vitaland ever more important in one’s daily lifegiven that the most determining factor of one’s supremacy at the present time iswisdom without any other alternative. Inother words, wisdom and brain using capacitywill be the main criteria in determining theprospective important people. Wise nutritionmeans alimentation for wisdom. Analimentation style pernicious to brain is oneof the worst harms that someone can causefor himself. In addition, an understanding of nutrition that gives priority to the health of wisdom has got an important role in leadinghumanity to the universal amity and peace.

Making “freedom” and “science” operative together leads the understanding of

“sacred”. Being “sacred” in the literal sensedoes not grow out from the sentimentalbasis. Thereby, all scientific findings becomesacred when they wear the dress of freedom.Wisdom is the only way to be followed by thisholy. In some practices, actions of bona fideare confused with those based on wisdom.Definitely, actions based on wisdom are theactions of bona fide at the same time.However, actions of bona fide are not alwaysbased on wisdom necessarily. The wisdombasis is usually ignored for actions started

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only with good intentions, supposing thepresence of the latter sufficient. However, the

most surprising dangers and staggeringmistakes happen due to such bona fideactions whose basis of wisdom is ignored.The byword “to reap ingratitude” connotesthe negative events faced by the people whoact in good faith but ignore the basis of wisdom for their actions. It is also probable

for someone to become a disingenuousperson because of his attitudes based on onlygood intentions but destitute of commonsense. If such a person considered the issueby wisdom, he would see the differencebetween his thoughts and his acts in reality.When this person takes decisions related to

his future and goals, this lack of wisdom willbring him some undesired surprises. There isonly one-way to the truth: it is wisdom. Forthose who adopt truths and verities as a wayof life easily, “wisdom” must be protectedand effectuated. Outputs of wisdom purifiedfrom prejudices are equal to divine

inspiration for human beings. As thingsstand, wisdom must be protected.

Preserving the brain cells in whichwisdom habituated is one of the urgentpriorities to protect wisdom. Methods toimprove “the usage capacity” of the brain,which could be considered as software

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program for it, should be investigated andput into practice by those who are interested

in the subject. However, implementing thesemethods is not sufficient itself. In addition,

“the brain cells”, which could be consideredas hardware for brain, should be kept aliveand provided with adequate blood, energy,and oxygen. In this case, the crown of wisdom in the country of unlimited human

powers abrogates fake funs and joys thatconceal truths. Metaphorically, a kind of dough whose flour is freedom, whose wateris science, and whose yeast is idea mastersthe life. What emanates from this dough isrespect to rights and democracy based onrule of law, and thus, universal amity and

peace. Among the organs of human being, isthe brain the counterpart of universal amityand peace. In other words, the mostimportant task of the brain, which is anatural wonder, is to develop methods foruniversal amity and peace. Perhaps, thisexcellent organ exists in order to supply the

want of the nature to universal amity andpeace. It would be an injustice for the naturalbalance to waste the brain by using it forgossiping in the daily life and deceivingpeople. From this perspective, it is theuniversal responsibility of human being toprotect wisdom and the brain where it

resides and to ensure the transfer of its

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genius properties to posterity via genes. It isonly possible to rescue the ideas from the

darkness of the world of “suspicion-doubt-prejudice” trio by a struggle under theguidance of wisdom. The “suspicion-doubt-prejudice” trio acts as the Inquisition againstwisdom and its outputs and impedesdomination of wisdom on life. That is, it doesnot provide wisdom with what it deserves.

Not providing wisdom with what it deservesmeans “to tyrannize over wisdom”. The onewho tyrannizes over wisdom is a wisdomtyrant. Such argument as “this is my wisdom,I can like it or tyrannize over it, and no onecan interfere in my affair” goes against tospirit of the democracy. Any attitude in

compliance with the given argument can notbe accepted as a democratic right. Wisdomsof all individuals and their outputs arenutrients of democracy, which is theadministration based on wisdom. Wisdom of each individual is the joint owner of collectivewisdom. As a result, it is one of the

important requirements of democracy not totyrannize over wisdom, provide wisdom withwhat it deserves, and contribute to collectivewisdom.

In this context, such acts as not takingnourishment in a protective manner forwisdom and not caring possible harms on

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wisdom would be a tyranny over wisdom. Nottaking nourishment in a protective manner

for wisdom strengthens the suspicion-doubt-prejudice trio. To confuse the products of the

“suspicion-doubt-prejudice” trio with theoutputs of wisdom results in a state that ishard to escape. This brings in an empire tothe tyrant over wisdom. Ensuring theliveliness and permanence of democracy is

possible by making the outputs of realwisdom master the life. Therefore, protectionof wisdom means the protection of future. Infact, detrimental acts to wisdom are thestorming attacks that undo hopes for thefuture and cut the vital point of these hopes.Detrimental acts to wisdom are even the

main reasons that keep the world from beinga habitable physical place.

Human brain always produces abstractthought and introduces the products of thisabstract thought to be used in practice.People depend automatically on the productsof this abstract thought when forming their

decision, presenting their ideas, anddetermining their goals. If the initial basis forthe abstract thought produced by someone’sbrain is “suspicion”, outputs of this will form

“doubts”. Consequently, the decisions takenby this individual become the results of

“Suspicion – Abstract thought” in reality.

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However, if someone’s brain depends initiallyon wisdom when producing abstract thought,

this individual will develop some earlyforesights that have a high probability of being verified when the methods of wisdomare used to asses them later. Doubtless tosay, the advantage of developing such earlyforesights, with a high probability of beingverified by wisdom later, for someone’s

decisions and goals is great and significant.Such kind of foresight is a product of

“Wisdom - Abstract thought”. Whereas “Suspicion – Abstract thought” makes youreach prejudices via doubts, “Wisdom -Abstract thought” makes you developscientific foresights. While the latter brings in

“happiness”, the former results in “suffering”.The amount of the human brain’s

“Wisdom - Abstract thought” outputs shouldbe more than its “Suspicion – Abstractthought” products and the equilibriumbetween the two groups should always beunbalanced in favor of the former. One of the

precautions to be taken to ensure this is wisenutrition; protection of wisdom while takingnourishment, that is, alimentation forwisdom. The brain where wisdom resides anduses it as a factory of abstract thoughtshould be protected, its capacity should beexpanded, and the necessary blood, energy,

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and oxygen for its cells should always besupplied. Foods, drinks, and attitudes are

harmful brain cells should be avoided. Closelyrelated to the brain activities, the liver is alsoan organ to be paid special attention. Caringattitudes for the liver also result indirectly inpreserving the brain cells. The proverb inTurkish “a sound mind exists in a healthybody” (mens sana in corpore sana, in Latin)

explains partially what we mean here. Thephrase “a sound mind” here means a headwhich has got a brain attaching importanceto wisdom basis. As a whole, this proverblays down the health of the body as a pre-condition for mental health. Our ancestorsare surely right with this proverb. The way to

a healthy body is basically wise nutrition andperforming physical exercises.

When gradually poisoned by means of food; people complain in their daily life aboutweakness, joints ache, intestinal disorders,feeling of fatigue upon getting up in themorning, difficulty in remembering the

subjects and deficiency in memory, makingfalse decisions that do not seem suitable tothem later, sometimes experiencing reflexdisorders, looses in the unity of their cellsand early aging etc..

In addition, the influence of thepollution in food may emerge in the forms

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carcinogenic, teratogenic, metagenic andallergenic effects. Of course, pollution in food

primarily affects children, the elderly andpatients more rapidly and effectively.Furthermore, pollution in food is an issue thatneeds tactful handling for pregnant womenand suckling mothers. Awaking people aboutthe feeding styles is much more importantthan making related laws. Laws could show a

backfiring gun effect unless the necessaryconsciousness is established in the society.

In today’s global world, the necessaryprecautions to ensure the priority of thefollowing considerations over the ambition of gaining more money should be included inthe agenda of the international platforms.

Such priorities are to aim at the universalamity and peace; to contribute to theattainment of this goal; and to be aware of the locomotive role of wisdom in coping withthis task.

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Happiness Management