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HAMILTON COUNTY MASTER GARDENERS October, 2017 Volume 24, Issue 10 PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE By Bud Hines Thank You to all of our incredible volunteers that gave so much of their time and cre- ativity to prepare and staff this year’s Hamilton County Fair Exhib- it. In addition, a heartfelt thank you to Connie Giles for all of the great planning and organization she provided to successfully implement the ex- hibit at our beautiful new and very large location! So many of you showed up ready for action to create the exhibit that a multitude of fair goers enjoyed. We were complemented in so many ways; the wide variety of topics and the ideas and activi- ties they enjoyed during their visit with the Master Gardeners of Hamilton County! I could not be more proud of the way all of you gave your atten- tion to so many details that made this a really outstanding project for our organization. I hope to see you all soon. MISSION In support of the University of Tennessee mission and the University of Tennessee Extension missions, the Master Gardener Program pro- motes environmental stewardship through a network of volunteers who provide research based information and education to Tennessee communities in home gardening and related areas. As part of our mis- sion the program supports the continued education and development for committed volunteers. In This Issue 2 Calendar of Events 3 Picture Yourself in the Garden 4 Education News 4 Secretary Report 5 October Speaker 5 Volunteer Opportunity 6 Tom’s Tidbits 7 October Gardening Tips 8 Why Leaves Change Color 9 Officers/Chairpersons MONTHLY MGHC MEETING OCTOBER 19, 2017 Social: 6:00 PM—Meeting: 6:30 PM FIRST CUMBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 1505 N. MOORE RD. CHANGE NOTICE: Send change of ad- dress, phone number and email address- es to [email protected]. By using this email address it will affirm your new information will be updated in the MGHC records. To send a “news item” to everyone doing publicity or com- munications, i.e. website, newsletter, etc. for MGHC send it to this email address: [email protected].

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Page 1: HAMILTON COUNTY MASTER GARDENERSmghc.org/newsletters/oct2017.pdfHAMILTON COUNTY MASTER GARDENERS October, 2017 Volume 24, Issue 10 By Bud Hines Thank You to all of our incredible volunteers

HAMILTON COUNTY MASTER GARDENERS

October, 2017 Volume 24, Issue 10

PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE By Bud Hines

Thank You to all of our incredible volunteers that gave so much of their time and cre-ativity to prepare and staff this year’s Hamilton County Fair Exhib-it. In addition, a heartfelt thank you to Connie Giles for all of the great planning and organization she provided to successfully implement the ex-hibit at our beautiful new and very large location!

So many of you showed up ready for action to create the exhibit that a multitude of fair goers enjoyed. We were complemented in so many ways; the wide variety of topics and the ideas and activi-ties they enjoyed during their visit with the Master Gardeners of Hamilton County!

I could not be more proud of the way all of you gave your atten-tion to so many details that made this a really outstanding project for our organization.

I hope to see you all soon.

MISSION In support of the University of Tennessee mission and the University of Tennessee Extension missions, the Master Gardener Program pro-motes environmental stewardship through a network of volunteers who provide research based information and education to Tennessee communities in home gardening and related areas. As part of our mis-sion the program supports the continued education and development for committed volunteers.

In This Issue

2 Calendar of Events 3 Picture Yourself in the Garden 4 Education News 4 Secretary Report 5 October Speaker 5 Volunteer Opportunity 6 Tom’s Tidbits 7 October Gardening Tips 8 Why Leaves Change Color 9 Officers/Chairpersons

MONTHLY MGHC MEETING OCTOBER 19, 2017

Social: 6:00 PM—Meeting: 6:30 PM FIRST CUMBERLAND

PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 1505 N. MOORE RD.

CHANGE NOTICE: Send change of ad-dress, phone number and email address-es to [email protected]. By using this email address it will affirm your new information will be updated in the MGHC records. To send a “news item” to everyone doing publicity or com-munications, i.e. website, newsletter, etc. for MGHC send it to this email address: [email protected].

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CALENDAR OF EVENTS FOR OCTOBER

CEU AND VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITIES FOR MORE DETAILS OF UPCOMING EVENTS, WEBSITES OF INTEREST,

SPECIAL ALERTS AND CURRENT TOPICS & ARTICLES: SEE MGHC.ORG

BEING A MEMBER OF THE YAHOO GROUP WILL GIVE YOU THE LATEST INFORMATION ON ALL ACTIVITIES

October 5, Thursday—October 7,Saturday –9:00AM-4:00PM

Reflection Riding Fall Native Plant Sale (including workshops)—http://reflectionriding.org/www/cal/october/2017/event/27:1507345199/fall-native-plant-sale-chattanooga October 2,9,16,23,30 Monday’s, 10:00 AM-12 Noon October 4,11,18,25 ,Wednesday’s, 10:00 AM-12 Noon MG Hot Line at the Ag Center on Bonny Oaks October 9, Monday, 6:00 PM

“Saving an Old Growth Forest from the Grip of Invasive Plants”at 63 E. Main St.,Chattanooga free and open to public—http://tennesseevalley.wildones.org/ October 10, Tuesday, 6:30 PM Chattanooga Herbies Meeting at the Ag Center on Bonny Oaks

October 12, Thursday Western Region TN Extension MG Workshop in Memphis—https://extension.tennessee.edu/MasterGardener/Pages/default.aspx October 14, Saturday, 2:00 PM Tennessee Valley Bonsai Society Meeting at Ag Center on Bonny Oaks October 19, Thursday, 6:00 PM MGHC monthly meeting—speaker: Mike Payne October 21, Saturday, 10:00 AM—12 Noon Gardening Education Class —on “Children in the Garden” October 26, Thursday, 7:00 PM Rose Society Meeting at Hixon Civic Center TO VOLUNTEER FOR: CAFB Greenhouse Workdays Contact: Holly [email protected] Alpine Crest Elem. School Contact: [email protected] Seeding the Cumberland Contact: [email protected] Workday at the Zoo Contact: Lee Anderson at 423-664-3232

UPCOMING EVENTS

November 18—3rd Saturday Gardening Education Class on “Live Wreath Making”

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Picture Yourself in the Garden Submitted by: Carol Mathews The theme of the Hamilton County Fair 2017 was

“Picture Yourself at the Fair.” In an adaptation of

their theme, MGHC chose “Picture Yourself in The

Garden.” It turned out to be much more than a

“garden” as it was more like a “village.” With the

old picking porch as a backdrop, the many white

canopies with tents and around the perimeter for

a fantastic display of all the attributes of MGHC. All

were well displayed and the volunteers were in-

formative and friendly to our hundreds of guests.

We had all our usual demonstrations of rain bar-

rels, composting, raised bed gardening, Tom's bugs,

the annual water feature, Q&A tent and others. The

Q&A tent was new this year; we purchased a 9 x 27

tent with window panels which made it exception-

ally perfect for large displays of what MGHC is all

about. We were able to show off several banners

displaying the award winning Beginner/Newcomer

class, and our Butterfly/Hummingbird Garden. In

addition, we had enough room for people to sign up

for the MGHC Friends Newsletter, information

about 3rd Saturday classes, the MG classes, and the

Hotline.

The

biggest

hit this

year

and a

totally

new

fea-

ture

was

our Children's section. It was a good thing that we

had a much larger space this year to accommodate 2

tents of handcrafts and games, 2 corn-hole tossing

games, a sandbox, bucket ball throwing, Tic Tac Toe

life-size boards, construction table complete with

houses, fences, play people, and Tom Stebbins’s new

bug-car race boards. This area was full of children

and adults both days from opening to closing. Bertha

Livingston even had her son, Brian, as the live scare-

crow to entertain the children.

The water feature this year was exceptional in that it

was a pond, deck, and water fall all in one. I think Mike

Payne works on this project from October 1st to August

every year.

As with all major projects or events there has to be

someone who organizes, plans, enlist help, makes a

zillion phone calls or visits, and begs from anybody

and everybody for the things needed. As in the years

before, this year was no exception as to what had to

be accomplished. The exception was the efficient

way in which it was done. Personally speaking, we

have never been so organized as we were this year

under the direction of Connie Giles and Bud Hines. It

was easy to know what to do, when to do it, and you

only had to ask once to get anything you needed.

Anyone who has ever planned anything knows that

not everything goes as you expect. Those things hap-

pened this year as well. Some leaders buckle under

the pressure, others take it in stride, regroup and go

to plan B. Connie and Bud went to plan C or D at

times but you never saw a ripple as the event sailed

along to another MGHC spectacular event. Give these

two a special pat on the back when you see them.

And a big thanks to the 70 plus who helped at some

time or other.

We had a special visit from Natalie Bumgardner, our

State MG Coordinator. She was very complimentary of

our display and the way MGHC pulls together to accom-

plish the things we do. It was noted she visited every

display.

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EDUCATION NEWS Our September 16th Gardening Education class on dahlias pre-sented by Holly Colf was very inspirational. What gorgeous pictures she had and the

information was presented very well. She stated at the beginning of the class that she wanted to get the people there interested in growing dahlias and from the com-ments on the class she did just that; there will be 28 gardens with dahlias next year !

For this month’s 3rd Saturday Education Class we will have a different program. The title is “Children in The Garden” lead by Bertha Livingston. It is well known that Bertha is the most energetic MG we have for work-ing with children. Our Expo Children's Corner and the major Fair children stations have been fantastic so you know this class will be wonderful. After a brief intro-duction, many activity stations will be set up through-out the Ag Center, inside and out (weather permitting).

Adults who bring their child will experience firsthand the many things you can do with your children in the garden. This may well be our largest class in the three years we have had the program.

November is our annual Live Wreath Making Class. This one is a must for registering as we can only take 30. Please send me a note if you will be bringing green-ery for this class. Remember you get volunteer hours you spend gathering and bringing the greenery to the Ag Center. More instructions to come next month.

Robbie Summerour did a wonderful presentation for our Veterans, the first of September. My feedback from her class was all positive and the Vets really gained a great new method of gardening. For the Octo-ber VA class, Katie Bishop will talk about fall/winter vegetables. This is a request from the Vets and you know Katie is our vegetable guru.

Bud Hines had our first class for BCBS in September. He spoke on composting, soil and mulching. It was said the class was well received and they are looking forward to October's class which will be taught by Tom Stebbins on winterizing and pruning in the gar-den.

Your Expo team has already begun. The Fair was fan-tastic and now we are on to the next BIG event. Get some rest, it won’t be long. April 14-15, 2018 for our 6th Annual Master Your Garden Expo.

—Carol Mathews Education Committee Chairperson

SECRETARY’S REPORT

Here are a few highlights from the September 7th Board Meeting:

Bill Apps, Treasurer reported that our balance at the end of Au-gust was $40,557.16. Of that $5,554.69 is in our checking ac-count; $35,002.47 is in an interest-bearing Business Money Market ac-count.

Fran Geier, Certification Officer, reported that our certified intern count has grown by 2 making our total 20 or 45% of this year’s class of 44 interns. Our Membership re-mains at 219.

Shirley Stewart, Events Coordina-tor, initiated a seedling give away at several markets in August. Flor-rye Grant, Diane Moore and Pam Paulin planted seedlings in July which took a few weeks to germi-nate and were ready for handing out to the public at our market tables. The seedling give aways were popu-lar with visitors and our MG volun-teers. There are a few more markets that will be open this fall, so please sign up and help out with this im-portant part of our mission as Mas-ter Gardeners!

Let’s Race Together! Tom Stebbins and Bev Fowler are organ-izing a UT-MGHC team for this year’s Susan G. Koman Race for the Cure® on Sunday, October 22nd,

joining the national fight against breast cancer. They have already registered our group on the Race for the Cure’s® website, so anyone wishing to participate can sign up and join the team or donate to sup-port those running. Bev says, “We are doing it in honor of members who are fighting or have fought this cancer. You don’t have to run the full 5K race. You can do the shorter 1 mile run or even walk the route. We hope you will come by that day and cheer us on!” Here is the link for signing up: http://www.info-komen.org/site/TR?team_id=392351&pg=team&fr_id=6894&et=iWxGJmx2w3e7XWLqz2bWZw

—Suzanne Ford

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The October MGHC monthly meeting speaker will be Mike Payne. He spoke

at our March monthly meeting and didn’t touch the surface of his expertise

so he has agreed to speak for us again. Get your questions ready!

Mike has been a Master Gardener since 1994 (23years) and served as Vice

President in 1994 and President in 1995. He has served in many positions

since joining the Master Gardeners and is the Chairman for the Aquarium

Hummingbird & Butterfly Gardens/ Rain Gardens.

Stephanie his wife, also is involved in many of his activities in the Master

Gardener community.

"Are you interested in sharing the joys of sustainable urban farming with local elementary students? Are you in need of community service hours to keep your Master Gardener status and would love to log those hours by helping students get their hands dirty during an interactive outdoor farm field trip? If the answer to these questions is yes, then volunteering at Crabtree Farms of Chattanooga may be just the experience that you're seeking. Crabtree Farms is Chattanooga's only urban farm and we are always eager to introduce new volunteers to the wonderfully fulfilling experience of leading field trip lessons focusing on sustainable agriculture.

The typical 9:00 AM start leaves plenty of time for you to get trained on your station before the stu-dents arrive. The kiddos usually tumble off of the bus bubbling with a great deal of enthusiasm for be-ing outside on a farm, and their excitement is both endearing and contagious. Each group is about 15 students or less, is typically from K-2nd grade (although some groups do come to us in 3-6th grade), and will have at least one adult chaperone. You'll teach the same short lesson at your station a few times in a row, depending on the size of the group. Stations focus on Tennessee science stand-ards, and may include a plant scavenger hunt, com-post/mulch mountain exploration, plant life cycles and seed sorting, honey bee biology and behavior, goat biology and behavior, predator and prey tag (for 3rd-5th), a farm as ecosystem game (for 3rd-5th), and a seated read aloud.

If this type of volunteerism appeals to you, please email Rachel Gray at [email protected], or call 423-493-9155 x14. Also, if you have any friends or family members that might be interested in vol-unteering, please feel free to forward this message on. Here are the current dates and times for fall trips:

Thank you for your time and consideration.

Rachel Gray Education and Volunteer Coordinator Crabtree Farms

Wednesday, September 27th 9-11:30 5 needed

Tuesday, October 3rd 9-11:30 2 needed

Wednesday, October 4th 9-11:30 5 needed

Thursday, October 5th 9-11:30 3 needed

Thursday, October 5th 1-3pm 3 needed

Wednesday, October 11th 9-11:30 5 needed

Wednesday, October 18th 9-11:30 3 needed

Thursday, October 19th 9-11:30 3 needed

Friday, October 20th 9-11:30 3 needed

Monday, November 27th 9-11:30 2 needed

VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITY

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"An apple a day keeps the doc-tor away." Many of us grew up with this saying and it is a great re-minder to eat good fresh fruit each day. My family would buy a whole bushel of apples about the time school started. They would keep it in our cool farmhouse basement and these apples would supply lunch treats for many weeks into autumn. I loved the MacIntosh variety best as a boy and still do.

A is for Apple

Apples are woven into our history in so many ways such as: The apple was the forbidden fruit in the Gar-den of Eden, Sir Isaac Newton made great observations of physics while watching apples fall from a tree, peo-ple would sell apples during the Great Depression to make a little income, apples are brought to the teacher in hopes off a better grade, we say we are “as Ameri-can as apple pie”, and researchers at the University of California recently discovered powerful new anti-oxidants in apples which help fight cancers.

There are 2500 varieties grown by gardeners in the U.S. Many of these apples are found to have special purposes such as, making cider, applejack, vinegar, applesauce, apple butter, dried apples, apple leather, for winter keeping, and some even to perfume a home!

Apples in Tennessee

The primary harvest period for Tennessee apples ex-tends from about mid-August to late October. Red Deli-cious, Golden Delicious, Rome and Winesap are the primary varieties grown for sale to grocery stores. Many growers with farm markets have other varieties available. Examples of such varieties include Gala, Em-pire, Jonagold, Melrose, Arkansas Black and Fuji. Only fifteen varieties of apples account for 90% of the total production in the U.S. If you look hard enough you may find some heirloom apples, and these are cultivars passed down through the generations. Arkansas Black,

a beautiful apple and a good winter keeper, is a variety said to have come from a Winesap seedling in the Ozark Mountains around 1870. Rock-hard when first picked, the apples soften and improve in flavor with storage.

Picking the Best Apples

Since different people may prefer to eat apples at slightly different stages of maturity, taste may be the only precise way to know if the apple is at the proper stage of maturity. Apples should not be pulled off the tree; properly picked apples still have the stem and this increases the storage life of the apple. To prevent moisture loss, store apples in a plastic bag in the re-frigerator. Regularly remove the bad ones to avoid the spread of decay in the whole bag of apples. It is true that one rotten apple can spoil the bunch!

Can I plant my own tree?

Mid-February through March is the best time to plant a fruit tree. Trees usually arrive bare-rooted and can be stored in the refrigerator until planted. Now is a good time to prepare the site, get a soil test and look for the right varieties. For best production, most apple varie-ties need to be cross pollinated by a second variety having viable pollen and that blooms at the same time. Pollinator trees should be planted near the variety to be pollinated.

The UT has introduced a variety called Hardy Cumber-land. This variety is hardy and productive even with fluctuating winter and spring temperatures. It is dis-ease resistant and the tree is forgiving of pruning er-rors. The apple is medium sized with a mostly red col-or. The flesh is crisp, and juicy with a mostly sweet flavor.

Enjoy the bounty this fall! For a list of farmers mar-kets or to learn more about Tennessee farm products, events and crop festivals, visit the Tennessee Depart-ment of Agriculture Web site at picktnproducts.org.

TOM’S TIDBITS — “Pick Apples from Tennessee Farmers Markets”

By: Tom Stebbins UT/TSU Extension Agent for Hamilton County

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Here are some tips from the Univer-sity of Tennessee Institute of Agri-culture for fall garden maintenance: Perennials, annuals, and bulbs

One last effort at weeding will help to improve the appearance of your garden throughout the winter. Any weed which you can eliminate from the garden this fall will possi-bly prevent thousands of weed seeds from sprouting in the garden next spring!

Collect and save seeds of wild-flowers to sow either right now al-lowing the seeds to over- winter in your garden or wait and sow early next spring.

Now is an ideal time to plant winter annu-als in your garden for a great show of color from now until spring. Great plants to include in your win-ter garden are pansies, violas, snap-dragons, and Dianthus. Such winter hardy herbs as parsley, thyme, and rosemary make great container companions with winter annuals. Also, consider inter-planting your winter annuals with bulbs of daffo-dils, tulips, and hyacinths. Planting bulbs between such hardy annuals will bring a surprise burst of color in the spring. And when the fading bulb’s foliage begins to wither, the winter annuals are so colorful that one barely notices the bulbs’ yellow-ing foliage.

It’s a good time to spruce up your garden by cutting-back wither-ing perennial blooms and adding a fresh layer of mulch. If you do add new mulch, be sure to follow-up with a pre-emergent herbicide to prevent an invasion of winter weeds.

Lawn care

Fall is an ideal time to renew tall fescue lawns that have suffered dur-ing hot, dry summer months. Ferti lizing with nitrogen-containing ferti-lizers will speed lawn grass growth, thicken the lawn and improve its color.

Core aerifying will help water and nutrients move into hard soils. If your lawn is weak and thin and you intend to seed, a power rake can be used to lift thatch and expose soil before planting. Now may be the time to introduce a new, improved variety or tall fescue blend. It is best to be done with seeding your lawn by mid-October but fertilizer can be applied as late as mid-December.

Its not too late to prepare your Bermuda grass or Zoysia lawn for winter this fall. By increasing the cutting height now, you can help buffer these lawn grasses from ex-treme low temperatures in winter. The application of a potassium con-taining fertilizer may also improve your lawns low-temperature hardi-ness and drought tolerance. Several fertilizers are specially formulated to help “winterize” bermuda grass and Zoysia. Some may also contain a preemergence herbicide to prevent seeds of annual bluegrass and other winter annual weeds from germi-nating and competing with lawn grasses for light, nutrients and wa-ter. Fruits and veggies.

Apple varieties are showing up at fresh markets and roadside stands. Seek out some new varieties to eat fresh or create delicious des-serts with. Apple trees can be plant-ed now, too. Select disease resistant ones such as Redfree, Prima, Priscilla, Jonafree, Nova Easygro, and Liberty.

Keep harvesting second plant-ings of the cool season vegetables including radishes, lettuce, Chinese cabbage, chard, spinach, broccoli,

and the other cold crops. Some such as parsnips, Brussels sprouts, and kale actually have enhanced flavor after a frost.

Plant individual cloves of garlic now for a crop of garlic bulbs next summer. Select very large cloves to produce the largest bulbs. Plant them 6" deep and at least 6" apart. Mulch them after the ground freezes for winter protection.

Some root crops, such as car-rots, onions, and parsnips can be left in the ground and dug up as needed.

If diseases or insects wiped out your peach or other fruit crop this year, cleanup is definitely called for. Destroy any fallen fruit from under your trees, and remove any that have mummified on the tree. These fruits will be loaded with problems, and cause an early attack next year.

After you have finished harvest-ing your summer vegetables, plant a cover crop of clovers, cow peas, soy-beans, or vetches for the purpose of plowing under next spring. These nitrogen producing plants will pro-vide good organic matter and food for your garden crops next year, as well as helping to control weeds over the winter. Odds and ends

Thanksgiving and Christmas cactus should be placed in an east or north window, watered and ferti-lized one last time. Start letting them dry out more between water-ings. This plus cooler night tempera-tures will stimulate blossom pro-duction.

Compost has been compared to black gold, and will made quite a difference in your soil. Fall is the ideal time to start a compost pile, since there is such a ready supply of materials–from falling leaves, to the gleanings from our vegetable and flower gardens. http://gardengirls.tennessee.edu/october.htm

OCTOBER GARDENING TIPS

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How does autumn color happen? For years, scientists have worked to understand the changes that happen to trees and shrubs in the autumn. Although we don't know all the de-tails, we do know enough to explain the basics and help you to enjoy more fully Nature's multicolored autumn farewell. Three factors influ-ence autumn leaf color-leaf pig-ments, length of night, and weather, but not quite in the way we think. The timing of color change and leaf fall are primarily regulated by the calendar, that is, the increasing length of night. None of the other environmental influences-temperature, rainfall, food supply, and so on-are as unvarying as the steadily increasing length of night during autumn. As days grow short-er, and nights grow longer and cool-er, biochemical processes in the leaf begin to paint the landscape with Nature's autumn palette. Where do autumn colors come from? A color palette needs pigments, and there are three types that are in-volved in autumn color. Both chloro-phyll and carotenoids are present in the chloroplasts of leaf cells throughout the growing season. Most anthocyanins are produced in the autumn, in response to bright light and excess plant sugars within leaf cells. During the growing season, chloro-phyll is continually being produced and broken down and leaves appear green. As night length increases in the autumn, chlorophyll production slows down and then stops and eventually all the chlorophyll is de-stroyed. The carotenoids and antho-cyanins that are present in the leaf are then unmasked and show their colors. Certain colors are characteristic of particular species. Oaks turn red,

brown, or russet; hickories, golden bronze; aspen and yellow-poplar, golden yellow; dogwood, purplish red; beech, light tan; and sourwood and black tupelo, crimson. Maples differ species by species-red maple turns brilliant scarlet; sugar maple, orange-red; and black maple, glow-ing yellow. Striped maple becomes almost colorless. Leaves of some species such as the elms simply shrivel up and fall, exhibiting little color other than drab brown. The timing of the color change also varies by species. Sourwood in southern forests can become vividly colorful in late summer while all oth-er species are still vigorously green. Oaks put on their colors long after other species have already shed their leaves. These differences in timing among species seem to be genetically inherited, for a particular species at the same latitude will show the same coloration in the cool temperatures of high mountain ele-vations at about the same time as it does in warmer lowlands. How does weather affect color? The amount and brilliance of the col-ors that develop in any particular autumn season are related to weath-er conditions that occur before and during the time the chlorophyll in the leaves is dwindling. Tempera-ture and moisture are the main in-fluences. A succession of warm, sunny days and cool, crisp but not freezing nights seems to bring about the most spectacular color displays. During these days, lots of sugars are pro-duced in the leaf but the cool nights and the gradual closing of veins go-ing into the leaf prevent these sugars from moving out. These conditions-lots of sugar and lots of light-spur production of the brilliant anthocya-nin pigments, which tint reds, pur-ples, and crimson. Because carote-noids are always present in leaves, the yellow and gold colors remain fairly constant from year to year.

The amount of moisture in the soil also affects autumn colors. Like the weather, soil moisture varies greatly from year to year. A late spring, or a severe summer drought, can delay the onset of fall color by a few weeks. A warm period during fall will also lower the intensity of au-tumn colors. A warm wet spring, fa-vorable summer weather, and warm sunny fall days with cool nights should produce the most brilliant autumn colors. What does all this do for the tree Winter is a certainty that all vegeta-tion in the temperate zones must face each year. Perennial plants, in-cluding trees, must have some sort of protection to survive freezing temperatures and other harsh win-tertime influences. Stems, twigs, and buds are equipped to survive ex-treme cold so that they can reawak-en when spring heralds the start of another growing season. Tender leaf tissues, however, would freeze in winter, so plants must either tough-en up and protect their leaves or dis-pose of them. The evergreens-pines, spruces, ce-dars, firs, and so on-are able to sur-vive winter because they have toughened up. Their needle-like or scale-like foliage is covered with a heavy wax coating and the fluid in-side their cells contains substances that resist freezing. When is the best time to see col-or? The Forest Service's Fall Color Hot-line (1-800-354-4595) can provide you with details as the autumn color display progresses. https://www.na.fs.fed.us/fhp/pubs/leaves/leaves.shtm#TOP

WHY LEAVES CHANGE COLOR

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2017 MGHC OFFICERS President. Bud Hines Vice President . Bertha Livingston Secretary. Suzanne Ford Treasurer . Bill Apps Past President . Lisa Clark Certification Officer . Fran Geier Communication Officer. Holly Colf Projects Chairman . David Gardner 1 Year Board of Governors Lori Ashton Jeff Morris Ron Smith 2 Year Board of Governors Clyde Mathews Carlton Mathes Barbara Blankenship 2017 New Class Representative David Holt Extension Agent . Tom Stebbins

COMMITTEE CHAIRPERSONS Bonny Oaks Arboretum . TBD Budget/Finance Committee . Bill Apps County Fair . Bud Hines & Connie Giles Education Committee . Carol Mathews Events Coordinator . Shirley Stewart Food Bank Garden Tour . Patsy Boles Garden Expo. Carol Mathews Historian . Nancy Williams Archives . Jane Goodin Hospitality Committee. Lori Ashton Hummingbird/Butterfly Garden . Mike Payne MGHC Friends . Shirley Stewart Membership Directory. Wanda Wilkey Mentor Coordinators. BerthaLivingston(Tues. AM) Cindy Rutledge (Mon. PM) Libby Hickman,Marianne Davis(Intern Hrs. ) MGHC Hotline . Bill Apps (Mon.) Diane Slover (Wed.) Newsletter Editor . Ann Dale Nominating Committee . Lisa Clark Rain Barrel Committee . Connie Giles Scholarship - High School/College . Patsy Boles

Send contributions for the November publication by the 25th of October. Articles may be edited or delayed due to time and/or space. Send to editor at: [email protected]

VISION

To provide innovative, research based, progressive

home horticulture education to all Tennessee communities...