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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
Halal food and Sufism- Introduction of new technology
Mohd. SyukriYeoh Abdullah1, Arieff Salleh Bin Rosman
2, Mohammad Hannan Mia
3
1Head of Pusat Penyelidikan Manuskrip Alam Melayu, Institute of Malay World & Civilization (ATMA),
The National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
2Dean, Faculty of Islamic Civilization, Center of Research For Fiqh& Technology, University of
Technology Malaysia (UTM).
3Post-Doctoral Researcher in Head of Pusat Penyelidikan Manuskrip Alam Melayu, Institute of Malay
World & Civilization (ATMA), The National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Abstract: This paper investigates Halal food (literally means permissible) for Pelatih (trainee) in
Malaysia. According to Islamic Jurisprudence Halal is Arabic word (opposite word is Haram). It means
lawful based on Quran and hadith. It has another meaning is food which acceptable by Izma, Keas
(Shariah). An integrated sense of Halal food is likely safety used for consumer which is not revoke at all
with complete hygienic quality in the eye of Islam. It is a perspective of Halal food prescribed by Sufi
technique for treating the Pelatih (trainee) through Sufism. Methodology: Mixed mode queued up data
collection: based on true criterion with two things. They are i) reliability and ii) validity of data. It focuses
research philosophy with inductive approach. Results: It helps the addicts to make them understand pure
life of guidance in Islam to get success in this world and as well as in hereafter. Once the secret of Islam
is not known to all even though all are now easily comprehensible because of new technology. eg.
Primary sources of Islam. Food and beverages in Malaysia are contesting in the global market is not only
treating the addicts but also in ordinary life as well. Halal industry is pioneer effects of the government of
Malaysia for purchasing, selling, import or export. Significant of this halal food technology in Malaysia
developed new branch of Science of Sufism. Conclusion: All kinds of balanced diet (carbohydrate,
protein, calcium, mineral, fat and vitamin) are recommended for the pelatih (trainee) when they are
fulfilled the all requirement through Halal because standard food is lesser confirmation of health benefit
than halal food by the two main sources of Islam, i.e. Quran and hadith. On the other hand, it is proven
model as bacteria free and hygienic. In short, it increases Islamic beliefs, ideas and values which is
recognized by internationally for Malay pelatih to treat them in permanently.
Keywords: Halal food technique; Malay addict; Sufism.
1. Introduction
Halal food is very important for true Muslim. It is for all but not only for addict. It includes meats, fish,
solidified nourishments, pasta and noodles, canned sustenance, rolls and treats, organic merchandise,
chocolate and sweet, nibble sustenance, flavoring and flavors. Halal sustenance and drinks may be
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
portrayed as something that man can consume or drink and there's no lawful confirmation precluding it,
and its ingredients are unfastened from any illegal or tainted additives. It must be notable and
unadulterated and its usage brings no damage. Creature meat should be from creature butchered inside the
Islamic manner and must not be dedicated to anybody but rather Allah and must be gotten through valid
manner. Actually, Halal is Arabic word. The word ‘halal’ literally means permissible and in translation it
is usually used as lawful.
In general, every meal is taken into consideration halal in Islam unless it is mainly prohibited via the
Quran or the Hadith. It method unfastened from any element that Muslims are prohibited from consuming
according to Shariah. It manufactures through or stored the use of utensils, system and machinery that
have been cleansed in step with Islamic law. spiritual peoples specifically addicts in Islam devour to hold
a robust and healthful body that allows you to be capable of make a contribution their understanding and
attempt for the welfare of the society. Pelatih (trainee) are supposed to make an effort to obtain the best
quality nutritionally. It is mentioned in a Hadith that the prayer of a person is rejected by Allah if the food
consumed is prohibited (haram).
All things consider, Sufism of new technology whose distinguishing imprint was showing riches in
destitution and who viewed neediness as the finest thing, did not claim a house. Ibrahim container Adham
likewise used to rest in Masjids. Be that as it may, select Sufi ideas and the ways and systems for
rehearsing and showing them developed and the supporters and understudies of Sufism were expanding.
In this way, the need to expand the physical tarbiyahal locus of Sufism past the areas of the Masjid
tarbiyah was developing, yet without forsaking or reducing the part of the Masjid and its criticalness.
Thus, numerous early Sufi bosses worked in their homes and even their shops. Some fancied the wild. A
requirement for travel and the trading of thoughts was felt as well, similar to a requirement for cabin
while voyaging and going by Sufis.
As an outline, upon his change to Sufism, Dawud canister Nasiris said to have disengaged himself in his
home while he started to practice self-denying severities and perform demonstrations of dedication.
Supplication (salah) under various conditions including a condition of riding a creature, purging by
various accessible means, fasting (siyam), and so forth. On the off chance that one considers the time
period required for Sufi tarbiyahs to totally advance and for their mark parts and capacities to expand, one
can cowhide dwelling two years in Damascus, carried on with a single life in the colossal Umayyad
Masjid and not some place in a Sufi tarbiyah.
Typically, Sufism of technology was in the propensity for spending his days on the minaret in the wake of
shutting the entryway behind him. From thus, he continued to Jerusalem where, once more, consistently
he segregated himself in the asylum of Dome of the Rock, a portion of al-Masjid al-Aqsa. The basic
permissible things allowed by Sufi are enormously effected in Addicts lives through Halal food
technique. It premises in the Quran which is a propagation to embrace Islam for the Non-Muslim addicts
and to get encouragement to practice in Islam for Muslim addicts because it has permanent effect for the
society.
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
Obviously, the sole voyages of this journey of Sufi technique for halal food for the addict were
otherworldly reflection and sincere activities. He admitted that he needed just self-change, train and
sanitization of the heart by supplication by experiencing the type of dedication that the Sufis had shown
him. It makes sense that in his did not dwell in Sufi tarbiyahs in light of the fact that the Sufis in Syria
around then were yet to wind up distinctly an unavoidable and undeniable tarbiyahs; this did not occur
until a century or so later.
2. Sufism and Halal food technology for demographic level
Demographic level of the addicts is considered age, race, education. Any sustenance drink,
notwithstanding fulfilling the greater part of the previously mentioned conditions, if gained through illicit
means (burglary, theft and so forth.) is considered haram (taboo). There are a few components affecting
buyers' buy choice and conduct on Halal sustenance items. The variables are the purchasers' religiousness
and convictions, their certainty and trust towards Halal nourishment the rising salary levels, the higher
instructive levels, the boundless access to data, expanding interest for comfort merchandise and rising
worries over wellbeing and healthful esteems Two information builds are recognized: target learning and
subjective learning. The level of correspondence amongst objective and subjective learning for the most
part is not high with shoppers being for the most part careless about themselves.
Sharply, in light of Quranic verses that allow using what is in the sky, on the land and in the ocean which
are related with the usage of the lead the fundamental of things is reasonability, anything eatable or
drinkable is Halal and helpful insofar as there is no legitimate proof restricting it. This is on account of, in
Islam, Allah has the outright locale to trait Halal or haram quality to things, sources and deeds. The idea
of Halal recommends that "Halal" is related with the word great or is verifiably introduced with regards to
the integrity of things. They ask you what is legal to them (as nourishment), say legal unto you are (all)
things great and immaculate and what you have educated pour prepared chasing creatures in the way
coordinated to you by Allah.
Particularly, it is implied among the addict’s family, source of income of individually, sources of income
of their parents and all kinds of people in the society as well. It is useful instrument for community to get
permissible food for keeping peach individual and societal in the manner of national and beyond which is
needed in scrutinizing the practice in order to improve humanity in wider sense of Sufism in order to
establish halal food technology.
3. Sufism and Halal food technology for knowledge level
Knowledge level of addicts inside drug addiction center categorized in respect of their academic
background either in regular or irregular or vocational or any. An advantageous dating has been reported
among expertise and nutritional fitness preventive behavior in addition to between know-how and
positive ideals toward health-associated conduct. They capture for you but pronounce the name of Allah
over it, and fear Allah for Allah is swift in taking account. these days are matters appropriate and pure
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
made lawful to you. Halal food and drinks ought to no longer comprise of their ingredients any illegal or
impure substance, in different phrases, them remember and components ought to be unfastened from any
forbidden or dirty issue. meals or drinks need to be secure for consumption and have to no longer
incorporate any detail that harms the human body and health.
In particular, the main goals of the Shariah is the protection of people, any food or drink which may
purpose harm to the human body and health is forbidden even though there is no prohibiting legal proof.
For animals whose meats God permits ingesting they need to be slaughtered in the Islamic manner except
for marine life and locusts. consumer information is a critical assemble in consumer behavior and it
influences records looking and data. consumers make alternatives once they collect data and do not forget
unique records primarily based on one-of-a-kind styles of choice making. religious dedication affects
purchasers' orientations concerning consumption patterns, in addition to their social conduct.
Side by side, the supposition is that a quite religious man or woman will compare the world via religious
schemas and integrate his/her religion into their lifestyles. Religiosity commitment plays an crucial
position in human being’s lives thru shaping their ideals, information, and attitudes, irrespective of their
religious orientations. those religious commitments and ideals impact the feelings and attitude of humans
in the direction of intake. The Halal food manufacturers in Malaysia must face most important challenges
in their effort to offer Halal meals products to the Muslim consumer, regionally as well as abroad.
In contrast, it is urged Malaysian enterprise gamers to seize the possibilities because the Halal industry is
expected to increase by 20% this yr. Malaysia Halal entrepreneurs want to perceive the position of
Malaysia in the thoughts of numerous consumers at some point of the sector. know-how at the customer’s
belief could be a bonus in an effort to create and provide Halal product lines that could cater to the global
marketplace. The want to understand and define the scope and stage of world recognition towards
Malaysia as an Islamic could be vital so one can make certain that our product penetration is maximized.
Furthermore, the study findings might be able to help the need worldwide entrepreneurs to create a
competitive benefit role in their product offerings. Muslims from distinctive components of the arena are
different in phrases in their food call for and shopping strength.
4. Sufism and Halal food technology for religiosity level
Religiosity, all in all, considering the way of Muslim society by then of time, this circumstance in Basrah
was not a long way from a standard strategy; it was not an irregularity. The spots being referred to were
basically private residences and the substance of whatever happened inside them was not quite the same
as the quintessence of what unfolded outside them, similarly as the characters of those men was not the
same as the characters of different devotees. After dargahs and maybe fairly simultaneously with their
reality one catches wind of glorious place as another Sufi tarbiyah. Glorious place were Sufi hospices that
worked as communities for Sufi love and education. These focuses incidentally stopped both the
territorial and the voyaging Sufis, according to their necessities and the exercises inside the structures.
Moreover, ribat cells were likewise used to house Muslim dua or propagators Originally, glorious place
may have been a specific kind of Arabic military braced structure; in the Arabic dialect, the words ribat
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
and murabatah connote fights against the adversary and the keeping an eye on of Muslim stations to stop
foe invasions inside Muslim territories. Enemies in continuance and protect the boondocks of the Islamic
country and continue dreading Allah, trusting that you may succeed.
Compelling, the Prophet said that a day of ribat in the reason for Allah is superior to anything this life and
all that is in it. Ribat in this manner suggests the consistent battle for self-sanitization and profound
satisfaction. It additionally infers persistently and enduringly going up against adversaries, both physical
and otherworldly and both inward and external. The Sufis may have utilized the word ribat as a name for
one of their beginning tarbiyahs in order to include the pith of their cause and in addition the immaculate
nature and degree of their battle against a wide range of underhandedness and its incarnates. Glorious
place were spots of profound jihad or sacred war.
Additionally, the Sufis motivation in utilizing glorious place as existing military invigorated structures
may have been two-crease: to effectively partake in progressing military campaigns and to utilize and
maybe draw out, their stay to hone and lecture their Sufi principles. Similarly conceivable is the
recommendation that some relinquished glorious place may have been reconditioned by the Sufis and
after that utilized for their own particular tarbiyahs while holding the structures' unique name. Our
derivations depend on the built up truths that numerous. Sufis all through Muslim history effectively took
part in various military expedite It is a hidden Sufi statute that jihad (sacred war) is of two sorts: the outer
one pursued against the heathens and the interior one pursued against one's base soul and Satan, the last
being more prominent. Every type of jihad includes its crown jewels of war. For sure, the two thoughts:
jihad, both physical and profound and Sufism can't be isolated. This association with the jihad got to be
distinctly unmistakable amid the embryonic phases of Sufism and the different parts of this union can
without much of a stretch be found in the lives of numerous individuals from the Sufi vanguard. For
example, Ibrahim Adham, having settled in Syria on the fringe with Byzantium, participated in a few
maritime and land campaigns, on the remainder of which he passed on. He took part in these campaigns
regardless of his creating Sufi statutes, which stressed outrageous religious austerity, disengagement,
consistent reflection, penitence, trouble, divine kinship and Next, Abdullah receptacle al-Mu is likewise
credited with extraordinary deeds of arms in the blessed war against the Byzantine Christians. In spite of
the fact that his later biographers focused on his model devotion and forbearance from common
enjoyments, he was essentially popular for his dynamic jihad and prevalent physical quality.
Conversely, these traits made him an enforcing warrior and a 9aaf3f374c58e8c9dcdd1ebf10256fa5 army
finally, it has been devotee presumed to be a fervent jihadist, even lived in an invigorated ribat in a
metropolis in eastern Iran, which became kept a watch on by means of volunteers scuffling with against
the agnostic Turks of focal Asia. At remaining, he turned into executed in actual existence amid a army.
Later, in roughly the 1/3 AH/ninth CE century, a few specialized edifices had been labored for the Sufis,
serving totally as Sufi love and studying focuses. The name ribat turned into nonetheless saved and turned
into given to those these days raised Sufi tarbiyahs in light of the fact that the phrase's historical
underpinnings epitomized the substance of the Sufi battle and pur in her paper entitled Evolution of
architecture of the Sufi Complexes in Bukhara, composed that inside the 1/3 9th CE century, extremely
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
good superb area have been inherent significant Asia for Sufi supporters. She stated the names of a few of
those in Samarkand.
Basically, Islam is not only a religion but also solution for humankind. It is a way of Sufi life based on
Quran and Hadith. It contains the protocols, rules and manners governing every facet of life. Without
Halal food life spoil because of animalism in humanity among the whole lives of the addicts in Malaysia.
Since food is an important part of daily life, food laws carry a special significance among Malay addicts
in Malaysia. Pelatih (trainee) are expected to eat for survival, to maintain good health and not to live for
eating. In Islam, Halal food is considered to be a matter of worship of Allah (SWT) like prayer, fasting,
alms-giving and other religious activities through Dawah (preaching Islam). The ethical issues can be
analyzed and resolved using purposes and principles of Islamic Law to maintain food for the addicts to
treat Malay addicts. These analytic tools should be taught in Islamic faculties and should be used more
often. Preparing the emergency warden issues for ethical decision making and action requires protocols
and practice guidelines as well as a good education in the question of halal food technique. The practice
guidelines enable a correct decision quickly in a situation in which there is no time for consultation, deep
analysis, or thinking. The teaching for the addicts through based on the Quran and prescribed by Hadith
should cover elements suggested by morality. The Model of the lawful Practice which are: idealism, the
warden-Pelatih relationship, end-of-life decisions, justice, teaching in research ethics and professionalism
through Sufism.
Concisely, it is likewise conceivable that glorious place were worked by the Samanids in their capital at
Bukhara, The most punctual reference to the idea of ribat as a Sufi tar in answered to have gone one night
to a ribat to recall God's name on one of the dividers of that ribat. He remained there until first light
without expressing a word. At the point when inquired as to why, he replied: there had gone through my
brain an (impolite) word that I once articulated in my adolescence and I was embarrassed to say God –
may He be honored an. A reference is likewise made to a well known early ribat in Abbadan, an island in
the mouth of Shatt al-Arab that was frequented by early Sufis and ascet a famous early Sufi scholar and in
challenging plain activities. Glorious place as invigorated military structures wherein a few Sufis lived
together with other battling volunteers unquestionably existed much sooner than the select Sufi glorious
place that we are alluding to at this juncture.to act when entering, while inside and when abandoning
them. Be that as it may, the creator utilized just the term ribat in his talks.
In spite of, the fact that he passed on in the seventh thirteenth century, he didn't specify majar, or some
other name. Sufi tarbiyahs. Tarbiyahal Ideological Harmony between Sufi Tarbiyahs and Masjids
Following our dialog on the marvel of ribat and before talking about the idea of majar, a little straying
must be made. In one of the above referenced records, Abu Ali al-Daqqaq said that Masjids together with
ribat exhibited the continuous significance of the Masjid in the lives, practices and lessons of the Sufis,
despite the advancement and freedom of their own tarbiyahs. In spite of the fact that the Masjid and Sufi
tarbiyahs were physically isolated, they were profoundly joined together, working together and supporting
a similar vision, targets and objectives. With just a couple of special cases, ideological agreement, as
opposed to division, directed the procedure of tarbiyahal decentralization in Muslim society.
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
5. Proposed methodology
Methodology of this study conducted likely data collection, instrument, sample and sampling method.
They are in details given below:
i) Data Collection
Used questionnaires and interview collection data among addicts in Malaysia. Halal food technology and
Sufism are fundamental for the interview where all Muslim addict’s. They shared their opinion with
current issues, scenario.
ii) Instrument
Reliability and validity are designed for the questionnaire with formal statement based on them (pelatih).
Used 5-point Likert scale to find out demographic, halal food and Sufism with modern technology,
Government recognition from Malaysia among them for this treatment
iii) Sample and sampling method
120 Questionnaire were distributed among them (Pelatih) based on their academic, age and warden
recommendation inside drug addiction center.
Moreover, it is also advanced expertise halal food technology with dynamics of Sufism. Love theory
apply to method diversify fundamentalism via cutting-edge era. The mixed mode of methods is used as a
way to make differences in age organizations of the addicts among halal food and Sufism. it's far
protecting the population and an age of 13 to 19. it is a survey of annual prevalence of the addicts in
Malaysia inner addiction middle. It indicates disaster thoughts in the preceding four years have been
recognized from subjective information base by utilization of the catchphrase Sufi for Halal sustenance.
To that end, they have been assessed to apprehend and signify the everyday and vital moral problems
announced via the creators: protection, secrecy, publicity, self-governance, selections in mild of Quran
and Hadith, asset allotment, and studies. any other hunt changed into made in light of these problems or
their equivalent words and a number of the time antonyms as catchphrases. The articles had been perused
to condense the depiction of unique moral troubles and present day association processes. fashionable
troubles from a person who is addicted close to domestic experience had been moreover integrated into
the investigation. The troubles had been then investigated utilizing the Islamic moral shape in view of the
affection concept (Robert Sternberg), Shriah law, and lawful standards or sayings. general and unique
results had been come to and they had been talked about to achieve conclusions.
6. Results
Halal food is healthy food because it controls the body temperature in mild way which is order of Sufism.
On the other hand, Haram (impermissible) is not recognized by Islam because it enormously worst effects
in the addict’s lives in Malaysia. The most commonly known haram consumables are alcohol and pork (a
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
lot of cacing or worms in the body). Haram food (the impermissible) as a closed door on food choices for
Pelatih (trainee). Islam enjoins us to treat human bodies well as it has a right over us and will testify
against us on the Day of Judgment for any injustices. It may have caused it during lifetime of the addicts.
Nonetheless, they can’t control their lives in mild way rather than they are engaged in many criminal
activities which destroy is not only their individual’s life but also eradicated happy and peace from family
and society of daily lives. Treating them in halal food with wholesome foods free of harmful ingredients,
Because it has no any bad effects of pesticides, toxins, pollutants, filth. It is not only a value desired for
the Pelatih (trainee) but also desired by all of humanity. It is vital need for the society now a day to
control among urgently need, common desire of themselves. It can be considered all benefit from
consuming halal foods and avoiding what is not.
Nevertheless, halal food effects is not only the Pelatih (trainee) but also for well-being for humankind.
The purpose of protection of life is very important. That is why to control Nafs e Ammara through Sufism
for the addicts is the first consideration in life whatever its quality or quantity because there is usually no
time to go into details. Emergency ethical guides for the addicts to stabilize their attitude before leading
any other considerations. Whatever interventions are instituted to support addict’s life, care must be taken
not to impair intellectual capacity based on the study of Sufi. In all cases protecting life has precedence
for example emergency undertaken to control potentially fatal addict’s status. Interventions are more
likely to be associated with ethical errors because of the lack of sufficient background information about
the pelatih (trainee for treatment) and the speed of decision making. They are likely: Ideology of
confirmation based on Halal food for the Pelatih (trainee for drug addiction treatment).
In final, the emergency warden inside addiction center should act on available knowledge and not on
doubts or speculation of new evidence contradicts existing practice, Ideology of hardship, According to
the principle of hardship, life of the addicts through halal food interventions have to be undertaken by
actions that are prohibited or frowned upon in normal circumstances, Ideology of social customs or
precedent gives legal and moral authority to consensus warden protocols and lawful practice guidelines.
Because of privacy, confidentiality, and disclosure. These issues arisen information must be exchanged
quickly or instantaneously in the addiction center through halal food. It is difficult to observe the normal
procedures of confidentiality because the few tactics are taking care. At the same time in a confined space
and in the presence of relatives and other accompanying persons asking some questions from an
emergency patient being wheeled in on a trolley cannot be done in private because many people are
around and no precious time can be wasted while arranging halal food for them (the Pelatih or trainee for
the addiction treatment through halal food).
7. Conclusion
Halal food and Sufi Technology teaches us to love Allah. Because love Allah has been proven to
surrendered to HIM as i) testimony of identity to eat Halal for true Muslim based on Quranic Technology
of Islam especially for pelatih (trainee for emancipation from drug addiction who are already admitted
into drug addiction center) ii) Islam is a complete code of life for resulting with worship by taking Halal
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Journal of Engineering Technology (ISSN: 0747-9964) Volume 6, Issue 2, July, 2017, PP. 842-852
in all respect in all the spheres of human lives iii) it is prophetic technology based on hadith iv) hold Halal
consumption to get good health as well as to please onto Allah who is the absolutely Creator, belief in the
religion of Islam iv) Haram food has direct bad consequences by influencing the veins of one’s blood. It
is also hygiene as doctor’s prescription. So eat Halal food to make good resultant in body and mind
because body and mind goes together.
Above all, it is good for the pelatih (trainee) because it helps to complete drainage blood from the body of
the animals. As a result, it enlarges the scope of decompose for them. It controls their blood and help
them to get physical balance as well. Process to kill animals in halal way assists secretion of lactic acid. It
prevents meat and safeguard to resist all kinds of virus or even bacteria. Halal flesh and foods are not only
healthier, tender but also in the best of taste compare with other foods in general. In fact, halal flesh stays
fresh longer than regular meat because the drainage of blood makes it better able to resist bacteria. That is
why this food can recommend for the addicts in many ways. They are likely: pelatih can digest food more
easily than other foods, no allergy in general because many addicts have these sign and symptom, this
food is panacea for them in this sense and risk of food poisoning is very low because this food prepared
for them in the most hygienic way with strictly based on the Quran and hadith.
8. Future recommendations
The education and training should include role playing and simulation of actual emergencies so that the
warden are ready to make correct decisions in a very short time by providing them halal food based on
Sufism for Malay addicts in Malaysia. They are likely: enough time was allowed to get comments for the
addicts in respect of halal food consumption, the problem investigated carefully based on their dignity,
frequency in the local community, intervention for the life after death which has direct benefit to the
patients and has been assessed adequately before in the local custom in Malaysia and evidence exists
indicating that the benefits of the research intervention clearly outweigh the risks, selection into the study
and randomization to either the halal food application to control the addict’s based on objective criteria
with assurances of lack of bias based on personal characteristics such as gender, ethnicity, and socio-
economic status.
Acknowledgments
Authors are pleased with the Institute of Malay World & Civilization (ATMA), The National University
of Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Malaysia and grateful to government of Malaysia for financial support
by FRGS /1/2016/WABO4/UKM/02/2 to carry out this research.
Corresponding author
Associate Professor Dr. Mohd. SyukriYeoh Abdullah, Head of the Malay Manuscript Research Centre,
Institute of the Malay World & Civilization (ATMA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,
Selangor DarulEhsan, Malaysia and Director, Sirat al-Mustaqim Foundation, No 20 JalanAman 10,
KampungAman, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
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