Hajj Holyday Assignment - Deficiency of Mineral and Its Effects on Leaves in Plant

7/27/2019 Hajj Holyday Assignment - Deficiency of Mineral and Its Effects on Leaves in Plant

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Hajj holyday assignment - Deficiency of mineral and its effects on leaves in plant

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1. Deficiency of nitrogenAll plants require sufficient supplies of macronutrients for healthy growth, and

nitrogen (N) is a nutrient that is commonly in limited supply. Nitrogen deficiency

in plants can occur when organic matter with high carbon content, such as

sawdust, is added to soil. Soil organisms use any nitrogen to break down carbon

sources, making N unavailable to plants. This is known as "robbing" the soil of

nitrogen. All vegetables apart from nitrogen fixing legumes are prone to this

disorder.

Nitrogen deficiency can be prevented in the short term by using grass mowings

as a mulch, or foliar feeding with manure, and in the longer term by building up

levels of organic matter in the soil. Sowing green manure crops such as grazing

rye to cover soil over the winter will help to prevent nitrogen leaching, while

leguminous green manures such as winter tares will fix additional nitrogen from

the atmosphere


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2.Deficiency of phosphorousPhosphorus deficiency is a plant disorder that is most common in areas of high rainfall,

especially on acid, clay or poor chalk soils. Cold weather can cause a temporary

deficiency.

All plants may be affected, although this is an uncommon disorder. Particularly

susceptible are carrots, lettuce, spinach, apples, currants and gooseberries. Symptoms

include poor growth, and leaves that turn blue/green but not yellowoldest leaves are

affected first. Fruits are small and acid tasting. Phosphorus deficiency may be confused

with nitrogen deficiency. Undersides of tomato plant leaves, and the veins and stems,

may turn purple. stiff, stunted plants with purlish tinge.

It can be controlled by applying organic sources of phosphorus such as rock phosphate

or a high-phosphorus fish fertilizer applied as a soil drench or foliar feed.[citation

needed]

Plants that are naturally adapted to low levels of available soil phosphorus, however,

are more likely to suffer from phosphate poisoning: the key is to provide the right level

for any particular plant type, neither too high nor too low.[original research?]


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3.Deficiency of potassiumPotassium deficiency, also known as potash deficiency, is a plant disorder that is most

common on light, sandy soils, because potassium ions (K+) are highly soluble and will

easily leach from soils without colloids. Potassium deficiency is also common

in chalky orpeaty soils with a low clay content. It is also found on heavy clays with

a poor structure.

4.Deficiency of magnesiumMagnesium has an important role in photosynthesis because it forms the central atom

ofchlorophyll. Therefore, without sufficient amounts of magnesium, plants begin to

degrade the chlorophyll in the old leaves. This causes the main symptom of magnesium

deficiency, chlorosis, or yellowing between leaf veins, which stay green, giving the

leaves a marbled appearance. Due to magnesiums mobile nature, the plant will first

break down chlorophyll in older leaves and transport the Mg to younger leaves which

have greater photosynthetic needs. Therefore, the first sign of magnesium deficiency is

the chlorosis of old leaves which progresses to the young leaves as the deficiency

continues. Magnesium also is a necessary activator for many critical enzymes, including

ribulosbiphosphate carboxylase (RuBisCO) and phosphoenolpyruvate

carboxylase (PEPC), both essential enzymes in carbon fixation. Thus low amounts of
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassiumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_structurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorophyllhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RuBisCOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate_carboxylasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate_carboxylasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fixationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_fixationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate_carboxylasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate_carboxylasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphoenolpyruvate_carboxylasehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RuBisCOhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorophyllhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_structurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peathttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chalkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potashhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium


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Mg lead to a decrease in photosynthetic and enzymatic activity within the plants.

Magnesium is also crucial in stabilizing ribosome structures, hence, a lack of

magnesium causes depolymerization of ribosomes leading to pre-mature aging of the

plant. After prolonged magnesium deficiency, necrosis and dropping of older leaves

occurs. Plants deficient in magnesium also produce smaller, woodier fruits.

5.Classification of animal and plant kingdomA -
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosomehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depolymerizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrosishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depolymerizationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome


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B -

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Hajj Holyday Assignment - Deficiency of Mineral and Its Effects on Leaves in Plant