Aeronautical Division

Cpt: Phyoe Paye AungBC. No; 51496

Flight Test Department

Title : Gyroscope

Outline of Presentation

What is a Gyroscope?

History of Gyroscope

Properties

Axis of Gyro

Why should we install Gyro in Aircraft & its Positions

Gyro is a term derived from Egypt, gyration.

A device consisting of a spinning mass, typically a disk

or wheel, mounted on a base so that its axis can turn

freely in one or more directions and thereby maintain its

orientation regardless of any movement of the base.

What is a Gyroscope?

- The earliest gyro was built by German Johann Bohnenberger, based

on rotating massive sphere in 1817.

- In 1832, American Walter R. Johnson developed a similar device that

based on rotating disc.

- In 1852, French mathematician Leon Foucault who named his device

as Gyro invented world’s first Gyro to research the Earth’s rotation,

which was visible in the 8-10 minutes before friction slowed the

spinning rotor.

- In 1860, the invention of electric motors made it possible for a gyro to

spin indefinitely and this led to the first prototype Gyro compass.

History of Gyroscope

World’s first Gyro of

Leon Foucault

- Angular momentum ( L ) can be expressed as the product of the body’s

moment of inertia ( I ) (a measure of an object’s resistance to change in

its rotation rate) and its angular velocity ( w )

Angular Momentum

Properties

- The fundamental properties of a gyroscope are as follow;

(a) Rigidity in SpaceThe property which resists any force tending to change the

plane of rotation of its rotor. It is dependent on three factors:( i ) the mass of rotor(ii ) the speed of rotation(iii) the distance at which the mass acts from the center

(b) Precession The angular change in direction of plane of rotation under the influence of an applied force. The change in direction will not

take place with the applied force but always at a point 90 away in the direction of rotation. The rate of precession also depends on

three factors:( i ) the strength & direction of the applied force ( ii) the moment of inertia of the rotor(iii) the angular velocity of rotor

.

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Rigidity & Precession of Gyro

Gyro effect on a Bicycle

Applied force

Spin Axis

Precession

Axis of Gyro

- The three axis of Gyro are as follow;

(a)

Why Should we install Gyro in Aircraft & its Positions