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Rfwmsmtmk` Sfhrco Thsn Dmggmcvlt}9 Bfohwmarhl hkd MkdmwmdvhlDmggfrfkcf Efhsvrfs

Ihcfn @pmydnhDfzhrtefkt ag Lmbrhr} hkd Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf, Rvt`frs Vkmwfrsmt}4 Ovktmk`tak St, Kfp Brvkspmcn, KI :?=:8, VSH+ hssmst:?J`pmydnh+cae

Sfhrco thsn cohrhctfrmstmcs hrf rfca`kmyfd hs mezarthkt ghctars toht hggfct sfhrco zracfss hkd mtsavtcaefs+ Toms rfsfhrco fhemkfs tof rflhtmaksomzs heak` azfrhtmakhl efhsvrfs ag sfhrcofrs bfohwmar,mkdmwmdvhl ca`kmtmwf dmggfrfkcfs, svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt} hkd efkthl fggart hssfd b} dvhl%thsnzfrgarehkcf+ H pfb%bhsfd mkgarehtmak stvd} phs cakdvcfd mk h caktrallfd fzfrmefkthl sfttmk`+ Gart}fm`ot stvd} zhrtmcmzhkts zfrgarefd sm sfhrco thsns ag whr}mk` t}zf hkd strvctvrf+ Svbifctmwf thsndmggmcvlt} phs gavkd ta bf mkglvfkcfd b} tof sfhrcofrs fggart efhsvrfd hs tof kvebfr ag rfsvlts zh`fshkd mkdmwmdvhl dacvefkts wmsmtfd, tof kvebfr ag dacvefkts baanehrnfd hs rflfwhkt, hs pfll hs b}mkdmwmdvhl ca`kmtmwf dmggfrfkcfs, hkd efkthl fggart hssfssfd b} zfrgarehkcf ak tof sfcakdhr}%thsn+ Mkcaktrhst ta zrfwmavs stvdmfs, ka strak` fggfcts ag tof vsfr khwm`htmak `rhzo strvctvrf pfrf gavkd+

Mktradvctmak

Sfhrco thsn cohrhctfrmstmcs hrf rfca`kmyfd hs mezarthkt ghctars toht hggfct sfhrco zracfss hkd mts avtcaefs+ Tofmezarthkcf ag thsn cohrhctfrmstmcs ohs bffk rfca`kmyfd mk Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf fhrl} ak+ Thsn cohrhctfrmstmcs pfrfsffk hs mkglvfktmhl ghctars mk mkgarehtmak sffnmk` bfohwmar /Bflnmk, 8=?:- hkd tofmr vkdfrsthkdmk` phs zastvlhtfdta bf crvcmhl gar mezrawmk` tof fggfctmwfkfss ag MR s}stfes /Mk`pfrsfk, 8==2-+

Mk rfcfkt }fhrs, thsn bfchef h gachl zamkt ag ehk} mkgarehtmak stvdmfs+ Hk mkcrfhsmk` kvebfr ag stvdmfs hrfcakcfktrhtmk` ak h szfcmgmc cohrhctfrmstmc ag tof thsn hs hk mkdfzfkdfkt whrmhblf ta fzlhmk hssacmhtfdmkgarehtmak%sffnmk` hctmwmtmfs+ H sm`kmgmchkt `ravz heak` tofsf stvdmfs ohs hddrfssfd thsn caezlfmt} ar dmggmcvlt}/gar fhezlf, B}stre, 2::2> B}stre ' Irwflmk, 8==6> @pmydnh ' Szfkcf, 2::7> Nme, 2::7> Nme ' Rmfo, 2::6>

Taes ft hl+, 2::0> Whnnhrm, 8===-+Sfwfrhl rfsfhrcofrs hzzrahcofd thsns hkd tofmr fggfcts mk h caezrfofksmwf hkd s}stfehtmc ehkkfr /B}stre 'Ohksfk, 2::2> Nme ' Safr`fl, 2::6-+ H ghcftfd clhssmgmchtmak ag sfhrco thsns phs zrazasfd b} Lm /2::4-+ Nme/2::7- laanfd ht ghctvhl, mktfrzrftmwf, hkd fzlarhtar} thsns hkd gavkd toht tof lfwfl ag thsn caezlfmt} phscarrflhtfd pmto tof sfhrco mktfrhctmak+ Mk avr zrfwmavs stvd} /@pmydnh ' Szfkcf, 2::7-, pf vsfd kmkf thsn agwhrmfd caezlfmt} hkd gavkd toht tof sfhrcofrs hssfssefkt ag thsn dmggmcvlt} phs rflhtfd ta tof kvebfr ag vkmxvfpfb zh`fs wmsmtfd, tmef szfkt ak fhco zh`f, lmkfhrmt} ag tof sfhrcofrs khwm`htmak zhto, hkd mts dfwmhtmak grae tofaztmehl zhto+ East rfcfktl} Lm /2::0- fzlarfd tof rflhtmaksomzs heak` parn thsns, sfhrco thsns, hkd mktfrhctmwfsfhrco bfohwmar+ Parn thsns ghcfts pfrf gavkd ta hggfct vsfrs mktfrhctmak pmto mkgarehtmak s}stfes+ Mk zhrtmcvlhr,abifctmwf parn thsn caezlfmt} hggfctfd hleast hll stvdmfd hszfcts ag sfhrco bfohwmar+ Taes hkd ofr callfh`vfs/Taes ft hl+, 2::0- mkwfstm`htfd zfrgarehkcf ak sfhrco thsns toht pfrf caezlf b} dfsm`k+ Tof} fhemkfdfggfcts ag thsn t}zf hkd strvctvrf ak zfrgarehkcf hkd vsfrs zfrcfztmak ag tof thsn+

Rfsfhrco zrfsfktfd mk toms zhzfr caktmkvfs avr zrmar parn hkd fhemkfs tof rflhtmaksomzs heak` azfrhtmakhl

efhsvrfs ag sfhrcofrs bfohwmar, mkdmwmdvhl ca`kmtmwf dmggfrfkcfs, svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt} hkd efkthl fggarthssfd b} dvhl%thsn zfrgarehkcf+

Rfsfhrco Abifctmwfs

Tof cvrrfkt stvd} ftfkds avr zrfwmavs parn /@pmydnh ' Szfkcf, 2::7> @pmydnh ' Szfkcf, 2::0- b} mkclvdmk`kfp whrmhblfs mkta tof fhemkhtmak ag ghctars toht hggfct svbifctmwf hssfssefkt ag sfhrco thsn dmggmcvlt}+ Tof stvd}caksmdfrfd tof fggfcts ag sflfctfd mkdmwmdvhl dmggfrfkcfs hkd tof caktrmbvtmak ag dmggfrfkt t}zfs ag pfb zh`fs

@pmydnh, I+ /2::?-+ Rfwmsmtmk` sfhrco thsn dmggmcvlt}9 Bfohwmarhl hkd mkdmwmdvhl dmggfrfkcf efhsvrfs+ HSMS'T2::?+DAM98:+8::2!efft+2::?+846:46:24=

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wmsmtfd /f+`+, sfhrco rfsvlts, mkdmwmdvhl rfsvlts, rflfwhkt rfsvlts- ta tof zfrcfztmak ag thsn dmggmcvlt}+ Mk zhrtmcvlhr, tofstvd} phs cakdvctfd pmto tof gallapmk` `ahls mk emkd9

ta fhemkf rflhtmaksomzs bftpffk tof sfhrcofrs hctmwmtmfs hkd tof svbifctmwf zastfrmar zfrcfztmak ag thsndmggmcvlt}>

ta fhemkf pomco ag tof sfhrcofrs hctmaks hrf bfttfr zrfdmctars ag svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt}> ta fhemkf mg tof rflhtmaksomz bftpffk tof sfhrcofrs hctmaks hkd zast%thsn dmggmcvlt} ms hggfctfd b} tof

lfwfls ag thsn whrmhblfs> ta fhemkf mg tof ca`kmtmwf ghctars hggfct zfrcfztmak ag sfhrco thsn dmggmcvlt}>

ta fhemkf rflhtmaksomz bftpffk efkthl fggart hkd zfrcfztmak ag sfhrco thsn dmggmcvlt}+

Eftoad

Pf cakdvctfd h xvfstmak%drmwfk, pfb%bhsfd mkgarehtmak sfhrco stvd} mk h caktrallfd fzfrmefkthl sfttmk`+

Vsfr Thsns

Vsfr sfhrco thsns pfrf eatmwhtfd b} xvfstmaks toht dfscrmbfd poht mkgarehtmak kffdfd ta bf gavkd hkd zrawmdfdh caktft gar tof mkgarehtmak kffd+ Tof thsns pfrf dfsm`kfd ta dmggfr mk tfres ag tofmr dmggmcvlt} hkd strvctvrf+Tpflwf thsns pfrf vsfd mk tathl, fm`ot avt ag pomco pfrf crfhtfd b} Taes ft hl+ /2::0- gar MKF_ 2::0 /Lhrsfk fthl+ 2::0-, pomlf gavr smezlf ghct%gmkdmk` thsns pfrf crfhtfd gar toms stvd}+

Tpa t}zfs ag sfhrco thsns pfrf vsfd9 Ghct Gmkdmk` /GG- hkd Mkgarehtmak @htofrmk` /M@-+ Tof `ahl ag h ghct gmkdmk`thsn ms ta gmkd akf ar earf szfcmgmc zmfcfs ag mkgarehtmak /f+`+, khef ag h zfrsak ar hk ar`hkmyhtmak, zradvctmkgarehtmak, h kvefrmchl whlvf> h dhtf-+ Tof `ahl ag h mkgarehtmak `htofrmk` thsn ms ta callfct sfwfrhl zmfcfs agmkgarehtmak hbavt h `mwfk tazmc+ Tof thsns pfrf hlsa dmwmdfd mkta torff chtf`armfs toht dfzfkdfd ak tof strvctvrfag tof vkdfrl}mk` mkgarehtmak kffd, 8- Smezlf /S-, pofrf tof mkgarehtmak kffd ms shtmsgmfd b} h smk`lf zmfcf agmkgarehtmak /b} dfgmkmtmak, smezlf thsn ms ag ghct gmkdmk` t}zf-> 2- Omfrhrcomchl /O-, pofrf tof mkgarehtmak kffd msshtmsgmfd b} gmkdmk` evltmzlf cohrhctfrmstmcs ag h smk`lf cakcfzt /h dfzto sfhrco-> 3- Zhrhllfl /Z-, pofrf tofmkgarehtmak kffd ms shtmsgmfd b} gmkdmk` evltmzlf cakcfzts toht fmst ht tof shef lfwfl mk h cakcfztvhl omfrhrco} /hbrfhdto sfhrco-+ Tof dfscrmztmaks ag tof omfrhrcomchl hkd zhrhllfl thsn strvctvrf hrf `mwfk hgtfr Taes ft hl+ /2::0-+B} dfgmkmtmak, tofrf pfrf gmwf zassmblf caebmkhtmaks ag thsn t}zfs hkd strvctvrf9 GG%S, GG%O, GG%Z, M@%O, hkd M@%Z/tof caebmkhtmak M@%S ms mezassmblf b} dfgmkmtmak-+

Pf hssm`kfd h torff%lfwfl abifctmwf dmggmcvlt} rhtmk` ta thsns bhsfd ak tofmr dfsm`k+ Tof smezlf ghct gmkdmk` thsns

/GG%S- pfrf hssm`kfd fhs} lfwfl, tof zhrhllfl hkd omfrhrcomchl ghct gmkdmk` /GG%Z hkd GG%O- thsn pfrf hssm`kfdemddlf%dmggmcvlt} lfwfl, hkd tof mkgarehtmak `htofrmk` thsns /M@%O hkd M@%Z- pfrf hssm`kfd tof dmggmcvlt lfwfl+

Dvrmk` tof cavrsf ag fhco stvd} sfssmak, zhrtmcmzhkt zfrgarefd sm thsns ag dmggfrmk` t}zf hkd strvctvrf /Thblf 8-+Gar fhco thsn, zhrtmcmzhkt phs hblf ta coaasf bftpffk tpa thsns ag tof shef t}zf hkd strvctvrf bvt ak dmggfrfkttazmcs+ Pf aggfrfd tof coamcf ta mkcrfhsf tof lmnflmoaad ag zhrtmcmzhkts mktfrfst mk tof thsn tazmc+ Tof ardfr agxvfstmaks phs zhrtmhll} bhlhkcfd pmto rfszfct ta tof thsn t}zf hkd strvctvrf /Thblf 8-+ Tof ardfr ag xvfstmaks phskat gvll} bhlhkcfd dvf ta tof fcakaemcs ag fzfrmefkthl stvd}+

Thblf 8+ Thsn rathtmaks+

XR ! Thsn Sfx+ TSfx8 TSfx2 TSfx3 TSfx4 TSfx6 TSfx7

XR8 GG%S8 GG%Z8 M@%O8 GG%S2 GG%O8 M@%Z8

XR2 M@%O8 GG%Z8 GG%S8 M@%Z8 GG%O8 GG%S2

XR3 GG%S8 GG%Z8 M@%O8 M@%Z8 GG%O8 GG%S2XR4 M@%O8 GG%Z8 GG%S8 GG%S2 GG%O8 M@%Z8

H sfcakdhr} thsn phs mktradvcfd ta abthmk efhsvrfs ag vsfrs efkthl fggart /ar ca`kmtmwf lahd- ak tof zrmehr}sfhrco thsn /Nme ' Rmfo, 2::7-+ H rfcthk`lf /h zaz%vz pmkdap zrfsfktfd mk Gm`vrf 8- phs dmszlh}fd ht h gmfdlachtmak ak h caezvtfr scrffk /taz%rm`ot carkfr- ht rhkdae tmef mktfrwhls /86%2= sfcakds- hkd gar h rhkdaezfrmad ag tmef /6%= sfcakds-+ Tof lfk`to ag h c}clf phs tovs bftpffk 2: hkd 3? sfcakds+ Tof rfcthk`lfcakthmkfd h pard pmto h calar khef /sm pfll nkapk calars pfrf vsfd-+ Tof calar ag gakt mk pomco tof pard phsdmszlh}fd fmtofr ehtcofd ar dmd kat ehtco tof khef ag tof calar+ Zhrtmcmzhkts pfrf hsnfd ta eawf eavsf zamktfr

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hkd clmcn ak tof rfcthk`lf hs saak hs tof} katmcfd mt+ Tof clmcn phs ffcvtfd b} vsmk` fmtofr tof rm`ot /ehtcobftpffk tof calar khef hkd tof gakt calar- ar tof lfgt eavsf /ka%ehtco- bvttak+ Tof zaz%vz pmkdap dmshzzfhrfdhs saak hs mt phs clmcnfd ak+ Tof vsf ag calar khefs hkd gakt calars mk tof sfcakdhr} thsn phs bhsfd ak tofStraaz fggfct /Straaz, 8=36-+ Tof Straaz%lmnf caezakfkt phs hddfd ta fksvrf ca`kmtmwf fk`h`fefkt ag vsfrs mktof sfcakdhr} thsn hkd ta hwamd hvtaehtmcmt} /zfrcfztvhl hkd eatar rfhctmak ta h wmsvhl stmevlvs-+ Tof sfcakdhr}thsn phs caktrallfd b} h Ihwh zra`rhe crfhtfd b} vs gar toms stvd}+

Gm`vrf 8+ Tof sfcakdhr} thsn zaz%vz pmkdap+

Sfhrco S}stfe

Tof sfhrco thsns pfrf zfrgarefd ak tof Fk`lmso Pmnmzfdmh+ Tpa dmggfrfkt sfhrco mktfrghcfs pfrf fezla}fd+ V89@aa`lf Pmnmzfdmh sfhrco, hkd V29 HLWMS Pmnmzfdmh sfhrco /Bvktmkf ' Th}lar, 2::4> Lvv ft hl+, 2::7-+ Tof sfhrco

mktfrghcf phs spmtcofd hgtfr thsn 3+ Tof gavr rathtmaks pfrf rfzfhtfd gar tpa ardfrs ag vsfr mktfrghcfs, V8!V2 hkdV2!V8+ Tof hkhl}sms zrfsfktfd mk toms zhzfr dafs kat gacvs ak tof sfhrco s}stfe kar sfhrco mktfrghcf gfhtvrfs,hkd pf da kat dmscvss tofe mk earf dfthml+ Oapfwfr, tof sfhrco s}stfe ' mktfrghcf /VM- phs vsfd hs h ghctar mktof hkhl}sms, hkd pf rfzart tof sm`kmgmchkt gmkdmk`s+

Zhrtmcmzhkts

Gart} fm`ot zhrtmcmzhkts /80 gfehlfs- zhrtmcmzhtfd mk toms stvd}+ Tof hwfrh`f zhrtmcmzhkt h`f phs 20 }fhrs+ Ak tofhwfrh`f, stvd} zhrtmcmzhkts rfzartfd toht tof} sfhrcofd mktfrkft sfwfrhl tmefs h dh} hkd h`rffd toht tof} pfrft}zmchll} shtmsgmfd pmto tofmr sfhrco rfsvlts+ Zhrtmcmzhkts pfrf rfcrvmtfd grae Rvt`frs Vkmwfrsmt} stvdfkt zazvlhtmak/vkdfr`rhdvhtf hkd `rhdvhtf- hkd rfcfmwfd VS$2: ar h 6& cavrsf crfdmt gar tofmr zhrtmcmzhtmak mk tof stvd}+ Mkhddmtmak, zhrtmcmzhkts, poa pfrf east fggfctmwf mk tofmr sfhrco thsn zfrgarehkcf, rfcfmwfd hk hddmtmakhl bakvshgtfr tof stvd} phs caezlftfd+

Zracfdvrf

Fhco stvd} sfssmak phs hk oavr hkd h ohlg ta tpa oavrs lak` hkd phs cakdvctfd mk h vkmwfrsmt} lhb ak h zfrsakhldfsntaz caezvtfr rvkkmk` Emcrasagt Pmkdaps _Z azfrhtmk` s}stfe+ Fhco sfssmak caksmstfd ag tof gallapmk`stfzs9 mktradvctmak ta tof stvd}, caksfkt gare, torff ca`kmtmwf thsns /ca`kmtmwf st}lf p%h, efkthl rathtmak hkdazfrhtmak szhk-, sfhrco thsn zrhctmcf, sfcakdhr} thsn zrhctmcf, bhcn`ravkd xvfstmakkhmrf /dfea`rhzomcs hkdmktfrkft vsf-, sm sfhrco thsns, hkd zast%sfssmak xvfstmakkhmrf+ Bfgarf hkd hgtfr fhco sfhrco thsn, zhrtmcmzhktshkspfrfd h soart sft ag xvfstmaks /gavr xvfstmaks bfgarf hkd sm hgtfr h thsn- hbavt tofmr ghemlmhrmt} pmto hkdmktfrfst mk tof svbifct hrfh, hbavt svbifctmwf zfrcfztmak ag thsn dmggmcvlt} /bfgarf hkd hgtfr-, hbavt tofmr sfhrcoshtmsghctmak+ Pfb zh`fs toht sfhrcofrs caksmdfrfd rflfwhkt pfrf baanehrnfd b} tofe+ Vsfr mktfrhctmak pmtocaezvtfr /zrmehr} hkd sfcakdhr} thsn fwfkts, wmsmtfd hkd baanehrnfd VRLs, vsfr rfszaksfs ta tof sfcakdhr}thsn, eavsf hkd nf}bahrd fwfkts, hkd scrffk che- phs la``fd b} vsmk` Earhf sagtphrf zhcnh`f hkd tofsfcakdhr} thsn Ihwh zra`rhe+

Efhsvrfs ' Whrmhblfs

Caktrallfd Thsn Ghctars

Pf caktrallfd tof sfhrco thsn t}zf hkd strvctvrf lfwfls hs dfscrmbfd hbawf /Thblf 8-+

Mkdmwmdvhl Dmggfrfkcf Ghctars

Zhrtmcmzhkts pfrf tfstfd gar tpa ca`kmtmwf hbmlmtmfs /azfrhtmak szhk hkd efkthl rathtmak- hkd ca`kmtmwf st}lf/poalmst%hkhl}tmc-+ Tof tfsts pfrf hdemkmstfrfd ak h caezvtfr /Thblf 2-+ Tof zhrtmcvlhr ca`kmtmwf ghctars pfrf

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sflfctfd hs lmnfl} ta hggfct sfhrcofrs zfrgarehkcf ak thsns /Cofk ft hl+, 2:::> Cofk ft hl+, 2::4> @pmydnh 'Com`kfll, 2::4-+

Thblf 2+ Ca`kmtmwf Tfsts+

Ca`kmtmwfGhctar

Efhsvrfs Tfst Khef Soart Dfscrmztmak Rfgfrfkcf

Ca`kmtmwfSt}lf

/poalmst%hkhl}tmc-

CSHQPH rhtma+

Poalmstmc st}lf :

Hkhl}tmc st}lf 2

Ftfkdfd Ca`kmtmwf St}lfPoalmstmc%Hkhl}tmc Tfst /F%CSH- /grae Dfzhrtefkt agZs}coala`}, Vkmwfrsmt} agFdmkbvr`o-+

Ca`kmtmwf st}lf P%H rfglfcts oapmkdmwmdvhls ar`hkmsf hkd strvctvrfmkgarehtmak+ Mkdmwmdvhls dfscrmbfd hsHkhl}tmcs tfkd ta dfcakstrvctmkgarehtmak mkta mts caezakfkt zhrts,pofrfhs mkdmwmdvhls dfscrmbfd hsPoalmsts tfkd ta rfthmk h `labhl arawfrhll wmfp ag mkgarehtmak+

/Zftfrsak ft hl+,2::6-

AzfrhtmakSzhk

AzSzhk rhtma+

:%8::&+ Om`ofrscarf om`ofr hbmlmt}

Ca`Lhb ak CD/Phdsparto-

Azfrhtmak Szhk ms akf ag tofefhsvrfs ag parnmk` efear}zfrgarehkcf+ Azfrhtmak szhkzrfdmcts wfrbhl hbmlmtmfs hkd rfhdmk`caezrfofksmak+

/Grhkcms ' Kfhto,2::3-

EfkthlRathtmak

Efkthl Rathtmak

Efhk Rfhctmak Tmef/RT- hkd EfkthlRathtmak rhtma ag

carrfct rfszaksfs+

Zs}coFzfrmefkts /Dfzt+ag Zs}coala`}, EmssmssmzzmVkmwfrsmt}-

Efkthl Rathtmak ms tof hbmlmt} taefkthll} ehkmzvlhtf szhtmhl meh`fs+

/Ec@rhp ft hl+,

8===> Ec@rhp 'Tshm, 8==3>

Sofzhrd ' Eftylfr,8=08-

Atofr mkdmwmdvhl ghctars mkclvdfd zhrtmcmzhkts h`f, `fkdfr, gmrst lhk`vh`f, Pfb sfhrco fzfrmfkcf+

Absfrwhblf Vsfr Bfohwmar9 Sfhrco Fggart, Sfhrco Fggmcmfkc} hkd Hctmak Szffd

Pf vsfd tof la``fd tmef%sthezfd sfxvfkcf ag VRLs ta chlcvlhtf efhsvrfs ag tof sfhrcofrs bfohwmar+ Tofefhsvrfs pfrf chlcvlhtfd gar fhco sfhrco thsn hkd mkclvdfd tof kvebfr ag pfb zh`fs wmsmtfd /TathlK-> kvebfrag vkmxvf pfb zh`fs wmsmtfd /VkmxvfK-> kvebfr ag wmsmts ta zh`fs pmto sfhrco rfsvlts /h dmstmkctmak phs ehdfbftpffk tof gmrst zh`f ag rfsvlts /SrcoRfsGmrst- hkd tof svbsfxvfkt rfsvlt zh`fs /SrcoRfsKt--> kvebfr ag

mkdmwmdvhl rfsvlts wmsmtfd /MkdRfs-> kvebfr ag baanehrnfd mkdmwmdvhl rfsvlt zh`fs /BnernK-> hwfrh`f tmef zfrpfb zh`f /tmefQzfrQclmcn-> hkd tof tathl tmef ak fhco thsn /dvrhtmak-+ Tofsf efhsvrfs chk bf caksmdfrfd hsbflak`mk` ta tpa `ravzs, Sfhrco Fggarthkd HctmakSzffd/@pmydnh ' Szfkcf, 2::7-+ Hll zh`f wmsmt cavkts, fcfzttof TathlK, pfrf chlcvlhtfd pmtoavt rfwmsmts+ Rfwmsmts pfrf hccavktfd gar b} chlcvlhtmk` h sfzhrhtf efhsvrfdfscrmbfd bflap+

Pf chlcvlhtfd torff dfrmwfd efhsvrfs rflhtfd ta Sfhrco Fggmcmfkc}+

8+ Rhtma ag zh`f rfwmsmts /Thvscofr ' @rffkbfr`, 8==0- phs chlcvlhtfd vsmk` tof rhtma ag vkmxvf /VkmxvfK-ta hll zh`fs wmsmtfd /TathlK- mk tof gallapmk` ph}9 rfwmsmtQrhtma 5 8 VkmxvfK ! TathlK+ Tof om`ofr tofrfwmsmt rhtma, tof earf zh`fs pfrf rfwmsmtfd+ Ofkcf, tof lfss fggmcmfkt tof sfhrcofr phs+

2+ Rhtma ag tof kvebfr ag baanehrnfd zh`fs /rflfwhkt rfsvlts- ta hll zh`fs wmsmtfd+ Tof om`ofr tof rhtma, tofearf rflfwhkt zh`fs zfr zh`f wmsmtfd pfrf gavkd+ Ofkcf, tof earf fggmcmfkt tof sfhrcofr phs+

3+ Mg pf caksmdfr tof mkdmwmdvhl pfb zh`fs wmsmtfd b} sfhrcofr ta bf tof kadfs ag h rhzo hkd tof lmkns

hctvhll} gallapfd b} tof sfhrcofr ta bf tof `rhzo fd`fs, pf chk caezvtf tof `rhzo zrazfrtmfs, svco hsstrhtve /Bathga`a ft hl+, 8==2-+ Strhtve phs vsfd ta cohrhctfrmyf sfhrcofrs bfohwmar ak pfb khwm`htmakthsns b} EcFkfhkf} /2::8-, Somo ft hl+ /2::4-, Ofrdfr ft hl+ /2::4-, Ivwmkh ft hl+ /2::4- hkd @pmydnh 'Szfkcf /2::7-+ Strhtve whrmfs bftpffk yfra hkd akf+ H whlvf clasf ta yfra mkdmchtfs h lfss lmkfhrkhwm`htmak zhto> h whlvf clasf ta akf mkdmchtfs h earf kfhrl} lmkfhr khwm`htmak zhto+

Efkthl Fggart

Efkthl fggart phs hssfssfd b} efhsvrmk` tof sfhrcofrs zfrgarehkcf ak tof sfcakdhr} thsn /DT-+ Gmwfefhsvrfs pfrf dfrmwfd9

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6

8+ Kvebfr ag emssfd sfcakdhr} thsn fwfkts>

2+ Tof tathl lfk`to ag dmszlh} tmef ag tof sfcakdhr} thsn zaz%vz pmkdaps toht pfrf emssfd /m+f+ sfhrcofrsdmd kat clmcn ak tofe->

3+ Efhk rfhctmak tmef ta sfcakdhr} thsn fwfkts>

4+ Rhtma ag carrfctl} clmcnfd ta hll clmcnfd sfcakdhr} thsn pmkdaps>

6+ Rhtma ag fstmehtfd ta hctvhl sfcakdhr} thsn fwfkts /tof fstmehtmak ms zfrgarefd hgtfr tof ehmk thsn mscaezlftfd, tovs mt ms h lfss dmrfct efhsvrf-+

Svbifctmwf Zfrcfztmak

Vzak tof caezlftmak ag hll sfhrco thsns, sfhrcofrs hssfssfd dmggmcvlt} ag hll thsns b} rhknmk` tofe ak h 3 zamktschlf+

Rfsvlts hkd Dmscvssmak

Ta `hmk h bfttfr vkdfrsthkdmk` ag tof strvctvrf vkdfrl}mk` tof szhcf ag whrmhblfs vsfd mk toms stvd}, zrmkcmzhlcaezakfkt hkhl}sms /ZCH- pmto whrmeh rathtmak phs hzzlmfd ta tof dhth+ Dvf ta szhcf lmemthtmak, gvll rfsvlts graetof hkhl}sms chkkat bf zrfsfktfd mk toms zhzfr+ Pf katf toht tof ghctars ftrhctfd mk ZCH carrfszakdfd rav`ol}ta tof whrmhblf `ravzmk`s dfscrmbfd hbawf /Sfhrco Fggart, Sfhrco Fggmcmfkc}, Hctmak Szffd, Efkthl Fggart,

Mkdmwmdvhl Dmggfrfkcf Ghctars, Svbifctmwf Zfrcfztmak-+ Toms rfsvlt svzzarts avr vsf ag tofsf `ravzmk`s+

Sfhrcofrs Bfohwmar hkd Svbifctmwf Zast%Thsn Dmggmcvlt}

Caezhrmsak pmto tof Zrfwmavs Zrfdmctmwf Eadfl

Tof gmrst abifctmwf phs ta gmkd ghctars toht hggfct sfhrcofrs zfrcfztmak ag thsn dmggmcvlt}+ Pf sthrtfd b} fhemkmk`rf`rfssmak eadfl dfscrmbfd mk avr HSMST 2::7 zhzfr /@pmydnh ' Szfkcf, 2::7-+ Tof eadfl sthtfd toht thsnstfkdfd ta bf h zastfrmarm zfrcfmwfd hs earf dmggmcvlt mg earf vkmxvf pfb zh`fs pfrf wmsmtfd /VkmxvfK-, earf tmefphs szfkt ak fhco pfb zh`f /tmefQzfrQclmcn-, hkd tof khwm`htmak zhto phs ghrtofr hph} grae tof aztmehl zhto/LCSlfkEh-, hs pfll hs mt phs lfss lmkfhr /%Strhtve-+ Dvf ta h dmggfrfkt khtvrf ag mkgarehtmak thsns mk tof cvrrfktstvd}, tof katmak ag tof aztmehl khwm`htmak zhto dmd kat hzzl}+ Tofrfgarf, pf mkclvdfd torff whrmhblfs9 VkmxvfK,tmefQzfrQclmcn, hkd Strhtve+ Akl} akf whrmhblf caktmkvfd ta bf h sm`kmgmchkt zrfdmctar9 tof kvebfr ag vkmxvf pfbzh`fs wmsmtfd ak h sfhrco thsn+ Tof gallapmk` eadfl phs abthmkfd /soapk pmto fstmehtfd b%cafggmcmfkts-9

Zrfdmctfd SvbiDmgg 5 +8)VkmxvfK . 4+=> R25+2?

Thblf 3+ Zrfdmctars ag svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt} /SvbiDmgg- mk tof gmrst eadfl+

Caezakfkt `ravzMkdfzfkdfkt

whrmhblfSthkdhrdmyfd

Bfth cafgg+Mkcrfefkthl caktrmbvtmak

ta whrmhkcf fzlhmkfd

Sfhrco fggartKvebfr ag vkmxvfpfb zh`fs wmsmtfd

/VkmxvfK-))))%+63 .2?&

)))) z < +::8

Thsns tfkdfd ta bf zfrcfmwfd h zastfrmarm hs earf dmggmcvlt mg earf vkmxvf pfb zh`fs pfrf wmsmtfd /Gm`vrf 2-+ Tohteh} sffe h smezlf rfsvlt+ Earf mktfrfstmk` ms po} atofr whrmhblfs hrf hbsfkt grae tof cvrrfkt eadfl+ Gar

fhezlf, lmkfhrmt} ag tof khwm`htmak zhto /efhsvrfd b} Strhtve- phs kat sm`kmgmchkt mk tof cvrrfkt eadfl+ AvrHSMST 2::7 stvd} vsfd brapsmk` thsns, pomlf tof cvrrfkt stvd} vsfd sfhrco thsns toht rflmfd lfss ak tofkhwm`htmak+ Atofr rfsfhrco toht dfeakstrhtfd sm`kmgmchkt rflhtmaksomz bftpffk thsn avtcaefs hkd tof khwm`htmakzhto lmkfhrmt} hlsa fezla}fd brapsmk` thsns /EcFkfhkf}, 2::8> Somo, ft hl+, 2::4-+ Pf cakclvdf toht Strhtve ms hbfttfr zrfdmctar ag thsn dmggmcvlt} gar thsns toht rfl} ak khwm`htmak+ Toms cakclvsmak svzzarts hkd ftfkds dmscvssfdb} @pmydnh ' Szfkcf /2::0- dfzfkdfkcf ag fggfcts ag Strhtve ak tof khtvrf ag mkgarehtmak sfhrco thsns+

Pf hlsa fhemkfd tof shef rf`rfssmak eadfl gar tof dhth szlmt b} tof thsn t}zf, thsn strvctvrf hkd mkdmwmdvhlca`kmtmwf hbmlmtmfs+ Mk hll chsfs, ka dmggfrfkcf phs gavkd hkd tof vkmxvf kvebfr ag wmsmtfd zh`fs rfehmkfd tofsm`kmgmchkt zrfdmctar+ Oapfwfr, R2 phs `fkfrhll} `rfhtfr gar sfhrcofrs pmto om`ofr ca`kmtmwf hbmlmtmfs, tohk gar

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7

toasf pmto lapfr hbmlmtmfs+ Gar fhezlf gar zfazlf lap ak Efkthl Rathtmak Carrfct R2

phs +8=, pomlf gar toasf om`oR

2phs +30+ Smemlhrl}, gar lap Azfrhtmak Szhk R

2phs +80, pomlf gar om`o R

2phs +36+ T%tfsts pfrf vsfd ta fhemkf

sm`kmgmchkcf ag tof dmggfrfkcfs bftpffk `ravzs+ Tof akl} sm`kmgmchkt dmggfrfkcf mk tof kvebfr ag vkmxvf zh`fs phsgavkd gar lap hkd om`o lfwfl ag Azfrhtmak Szhk8+ Mt phs sm`kmgmchkt /ht z

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Thblf 6+ Nrvsnhl%Phllms tfsts gar Sfhrco Fggmcmfkc} efhsvrfs+

Rhtma ag rfwmsmtsta zh`fs

Rhtma ag baanehrns tahll wmsmtfd zh`fs

Strhtve

Com%Sxvhrf 8:+472 4:+440 27+=68

dg 2 2 2

Hs}ez+ Sm`+ :+::63 :+:::: :+::::

Tof efhk rhtma ag zh`fs ivd`fd hs rflfwhkt ta hll zh`fs wmsmtfd b} tof sfhrcofr phs tof om`ofst gar lap dmggmcvlt}thsns /3:&-+ Mt phs om`ofr b} 8:& hkd 86& tohk gar efdmve hkd om`o dmggmcvlt} thsns rfszfctmwfl} /Bakgfrrakmtfst, z

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?

Hccardmk` ta tof abthmkfd eadfl, thsns tfkdfd ta bf zfrcfmwfd h zastfrmarm hs earf dmggmcvlt pofk earf fggart phsfzfkdfd /earf mkdmwmdvhl rfsvlt zh`fs, gmrst sfhrco rfsvlts zh`fs, earf svbsfxvfkt sfhrco rfsvlt zh`fs pfrfwmsmtfd-, pofk tof sfhrco phs lfss fggmcmfkt /lapfr rhtma ag rflfwhkt rfsvlts ta hll zh`fs wmsmtfd-, hkd pofk tofsfcakd sfhrco s}stfe phs vsfd+ Tof rflhtmaksomz ta tof sfhrco s}stfe chk bf fzlhmkfd b} katmk` toht tofsfcakd s}stfe /HLWMS- phs kat ghemlmhr ta vsfrs, pomlf hll ag tofe pfrf ghemlmhr pmto tof gmrst sfhrco s}stfe/@aa`lf-+ Tof lhst zrfdmctar mk Thblf 0 ms Ca`kmtmwf St}lf PH+ Tof dmrfctmak ag tof rflhtmaksomz mkdmchtfs tohtsfhrcofrs, poa tfkd ta ohwf hkhl}tmc st}lf hrf earf lmnfl} ta zfrcfmwf thsns hs fhs}+

Pf fhemkfd oap tof sft ag whrmhblfs toht zrfdmctfd svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt} cohk`fd gar dmggfrfkt lfwfls agabifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt}, thsn strvctvrf, hkd sfhrcofrs h`f+

8+ Abifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt}/thsn t}zf caebmkfd pmto strvctvrf-+ Pf abthmkfd torff eadfls gar fhco ag tof torfflfwfls ag toms whrmhblf+ Sfhrco fggart hkd mkdmwmdvhl ghctars pfrf rfzrfsfktfd mk hll torff eadfls+ Ca`kmtmwf st}lfP%H hggfctfd zfrcfztmak ag dmggmcvlt} ag tof smezlf ghct%gmkdmk` thsns /GG%S-+ Tof east caezlf eadfl phsabthmkfd gar tof dmggmcvlt thsns /mkgarehtmak `htofrmk` thsns M@-+ Toht eadfl cakthmkfd sfhrco fggmcmfkc} hkdvsfr mktfrghcf caezakfkts, bvt hlsa mkclvdfd mk tof eadfl phs Azfrhtmak Szhk /sfhrcofrs pmto om`ofr Az+Szhk tfkdfd ta zfrcfmwf thsns hs fhsmfr-+

2+ Thsn strvctvrf+ Hll torff eadfls cakthmkfd sfhrco fggart+ Tof eadfl gar smezlf thsns /GG%S- cakthmkfdca`kmtmwf st}lf, pomlf tof eadfls gar O hkd Z cakthmkfd sfhrco fggmcmfkc}+ Toms rfsvlt cakgmres mktvmtmak tohtSfhrco Fggmcmfkc} zlh}s h lfss mezarthkt ralf gar smezlf thsns, pofrf tof `ahl ms ta gmkd akf zmfcf agmkgarehtmak+

3+ H`f+ Pf szlmt tof zhrtmcmzhkts mkta tpa h`f `ravzs ht tof efdmhk h`f /23 }fhrs-+ Tof abthmkfd tpa rf`rfssmakeadfls cakthmkfd gfpfr whrmhblfs tohk tof ehmk eadfl+ Tof Sfhrco Fggart hkd Mkdmwmdvhl Dmggfrfkcf Ghctarspfrf rfzrfsfktfd mk bato eadfls+ Gar }avk`fr zhrtmcmzhkts tof ca`kmtmwf st}lf P%H zlh}fd h sm`kmgmchkt ralf,pomlf mt phs hbsfkt grae tof aldfr zhrtmcmzhkts eadfl, pomco mkclvdfd efkthl rathtmak hbmlmt}+ Sfhrcofrs, poaohd om`ofr efkthl rathtmak hbmlmt} tfkdfd ta zfrcfmwf thsns hs fhsmfr+ Fggfct ag Sfhrco Fggmcmfkc} hzzfhrfd akl}gar aldfr zhrtmcmzhkts hkd phs rfzrfsfktfd hs tof hbsalvtf kvebfr ag ehrnfd rflfwhkt rfsvlts+

Dvhl%thsn zfrgarehkcf hkd Svbifctmwf Zast%Thsn Dmggmcvlt}

Pf efhsvrfd vsfrs zfrgarehkcf ak tof sfcakdhr} thsn ta dfrmwf efhsvrfs ag Efkthl Fggart mkwalwfd mk tofzfrgarehkcf ak tof zrmehr} sfhrco thsn+ Pf gavkd toht torff ag tofe dmggfrfd sm`kmgmchktl} bftpffk tof torfflfwfls ag svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt}+ Akf ag tofe phs h sm`kmgmchkt zrfdmctar /Thblf 0-+ Ta gvrtofr fhemkf poftofrtof sfcakdhr} thsn zfrgarehkcf ms vsfgvl mk hssfssmk` Efkthl Fggart ak sfhrco thsns pf hkhl}yfd oap mt ms

mkglvfkcfd b} tof thsn t}zf hkd strvctvrf+ Tof lfk`to ag dmszlh} tmef ag emssfd DT fwfkts phs tof sm`kmgmchktEfkthl Fggart whrmhblf+ Tof emssfd DT fwfkts pfrf ak tof hwfrh`f dmszlh}fd gar 83 sfcakd lak`fr dvrmk` M@ thsnstohk dvrmk` GG%S thsns /Bakgfrrakm tfst pmto z

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=

Hs fzfctfd, mkdmwmdvhl dmggfrfkcfs mk ca`kmtmwf cohrhctfrmstmcs ag sfhrcofrs pfrf gavkd ta mkglvfkcf tofmrzfrcfztmak ag thsn dmggmcvlt}+ Tof fggfcts pfrf sehllfr tohk fzfctfd, pomco eh} bf dvf ta h rflhtmwfl} sehll smyfag zhrtmcmzhkt zazvlhtmak+ H cavzlf ag fggfcts hzzfhrfd akl} pmtomk szfcmgmc lfwfls ag thsn ar vsfr ghctars, garfhezlf, gar east caezlf thsns /M@- ar gar aldfr zhrtmcmzhkts /; 23 }fhrs-+ Hs fzfctfd, tof dmrfctmak ag tofsffggfcts mkdmchtfd toht mkdmwmdvhls, poa ohd om`ofr hbmlmtmfs tfkdfd ta zfrcfmwf sfhrco thsns hs fhsmfr+

Akf lmemthtmak ag avr stvd} ms dvf ta h rflhtmwfl} lhr`f zrazartmak ag thsns hssfssfd b} zhrtmcmzhkts hs fhs}+ Mk awfr

6:& ag chsfs, thsns pfrf hssfssfd hs fhs} hkd akl} 86& ag thsns hs dmggmcvlt+ Tof chwfht ms tovs ta vsf sfhrcothsns ag hzzrazrmhtf caezlfmt}+ Taes ft hl+, /2::0- zastvlhtfd ta stvd} caezlf thsns+ Ta ehnf thsns earfdmggmcvlt, akf cavld stvd} h dmggfrfkt zhrtmcmzhkt zazvlhtmak /f+`+, aldfr, lfss fzfrmfkcfd zfazlf- hkd, ag cavrsf,fezla} earf caezlf thsns mk stvdmfs+

Cohrhctfrmyhtmak ag mkgarehtmak sfhrco thsns toht hrf zfrgarefd mk dmggfrfkt caktfts hkd b} dmggfrfkt `ravzs agzfazlf oalds h zraemsf gar tof crfhtmak ag zfrsakhlmyfd mkgarehtmak rftrmfwhl s}stfes+ Gar fhezlf, eadflmk`thsns mk tfres ag azfrhtmakhl efhsvrfs ag tof sfhrcofrs hctmwmtmfs soavld vltmehtfl} fkhblf vs ta bvmld rfhl%tmefzrfdmctmwf thsn eadfls hkd, tovs, ta crfhtf mkgarehtmak s}stfes toht hdhzt ta tof vsfr+ Ta bf svccfssgvl, oapfwfr,svco s}stfes pavld kffd ta bf hblf ta vkdfrsthkd vsfr thsns, hkd ta hssfss tof vsfrs cohrhctfrmstmcs grae tofmrhctmwmtmfs+ Pf oazf toht avr parn brmk`s vs h stfz clasfr ta toms gvtvrf `ahl+

HCNKAPLFD@EFKTS^ta bf caezlftfd lhtfrU

RFGFRFKCFS

Hl`ak, I+ /8==0-+ Clhssmgmchtmak ag thsns, stfzs, hkd mkgarehtmak%rflhtfd bfohwmars ag mkdmwmdvhls ak zraifct tfhes+ Zracffdmk`s ag MktfrkhtmakhlCakgfrfkcf ak Rfsfhrco mk Mkgarehtmak Kffds, Sffnmk` ' Vsf mk Dmggfrfkt Caktfxts, 2:6%228+

Bflnmk, K+ I+ /8=?:-+ Hkaehlavs sthtfs ag nkaplfd`f hs h bhsms gar mkgarehtmak rftrmfwhl+ Chkhdmhk Iavrkhl ag Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf, 6, 833%843+

Bmr`fr Lhrsfk, Thssas Taebras ' Shhdmh Ehlmn+ /2::0-+ Mktfrhctmwf Trhcn @vmdflmkfs gar tof Mkmtmhtmwf gar tof Fwhlvhtmak ag _EL Rftrmfwhl/MKF_- 2::0+

Bathga`a, R+ H+, Rmwlmk, F+, ' Sokfmdfrehk, B+ /8==2-+ Strvctvrhl hkhl}sms ag o}zfrtfts9 Mdfktmg}mk` omfrhrcomfs hkd vsfgvl eftrmcs+ HCETrhkshctmaks ak Mkgarehtmak S}stfes, 8:, 842%8?:+

Bvktmkf, P+, Whltakfk, N+, Th}lar, E+ /2::6-+ Tof HLWMS Dacvefkt Eadfl gar h Sfehktmc Sfhrco Fk`mkf+ 2kd Hkkvhl Fvrazfhk SfehktmcPfb Cakgfrfkcf mk Ofrhnlmak, Crftf Eh} 2=, 2::6+

Bvktmkf, P+, Th}lar, E+ /2::4-+ HLWMS9 Svzfrzffr Sfehktmc Sfhrco Fk`mkf+ Fvrazfhk Parnsoaz ak tof Mktf`rhtmak ag Nkaplfd`f, Sfehktmchkd Dm`mthl Efdmh Tfcokala`mfs ak Kawfebfr 26%27, 2::4, Ra}hl Sthtmstmchl Sacmft}, Lakdak+

B}stre, N+ ' Irwflmk, N+ /8==6-+ Thsn caezlfmt} hggfcts mkgarehtmak sffnmk` hkd vsf+ Mkgarehtmak Zracfssmk` hkd Ehkh`fefkt, 38, 8=8%283+

B}stre, N+ /2::2-+ Mkgarehtmak hkd mkgarehtmak savrcfs mk thsns ag whr}mk` caezlfmt}+ Iavrkhl ag tof Hefrmchk Sacmft} gar MkgarehtmakScmfkcf hkd Tfcokala`}, 63, 6?8%6=8+

Chezbfll, D+ I+ /8=??-+ Thsn caezlfmt}9 H rfwmfp hkd hkhl}sms+ Hchdfe} ag Ehkh`fefkt Rfwmfp, 83, 4:%62+

Cofk, C+ E+, Cyfrpmksnm, E+, ' Ehcrfdmf, R+ /2:::-+ Mkdmwmdvhl dmggfrfkcfs mk wmrtvhl fkwmrakefkts % Mktradvctmak hkd awfrwmfp+ Iavrkhl ag tofHefrmchk Sacmft} gar Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf, 68/7-, 4==%6:0+

Cofk, S+ ]+, Eh`avlhs, @+ D+, ' Ehcrfdmf, R+ D+ /2::4-+ Ca`kmtmwf st}lfs hkd vsfrs rfszaksfs ta strvctvrfd mkgarehtmak rfzrfsfkthtmak+Mktfrkhtmakhl Iavrkhl ak Dm`mthl Lmbrhrmfs, W4/2-, =3%8:0+

Grhkcms, @+, Kfhto, M+ /2::3-+ Ca`Lhb ak h CD+ 3

rd

Fd+ Phdsparto Zvblmsomk`+@pmydnh, I+, Szfkcf, M+, /2::6h-+ Zrfdmctmk` Avtcaefs ag Pfb Khwm`htmak+ Zastfr zrfsfktfd ht PPP2::6, Combh, Ihzhk+

@pmydnh, I+, Szfkcf, M+ /2::6b-+ Mkdmrfct Hssfssefkt ag Pfb Khwm`htmak Svccfss+ Fxtfkdfd Hbstrhcts ag HCE Cakgfrfkcf ak Ovehk Ghctarsmk Caezvtmk` S}stfes COM2::6+ HCE Zrfss+ 8420 % 843:+

@pmydnh, I+, ' Szfkcf, M+ /2::7-+ Poht Chk Sfhrcomk` Bfohwmar Tfll Vs Hbavt tof Dmggmcvlt} ag Mkgarehtmak Thsns1 H Stvd} ag Pfb Khwm`htmak+Zhzfr zrfsfktfd ht tof HSMS'T 2::7+

@pmydnh, I+, ' Szfkcf, M+ /2::0-+ Mezlmcmt Efhsvrfs ag Lastkfss hkd Svccfss mk Pfb Khwm`htmak+ Mktfrhctmk` pmto Caezvtfrs, 8=/3-, 360%37=+

@pmydnh, I+, ' Com`kfll, E+ /2::4-+ Mkdmwmdvhl dmggfrfkcfs hkd thsn%bhsfd vsfr mktfrghcf fwhlvhtmak9 H chsf stvd} ag zfkdmk` thsns mk fehml+Mktfrhctmk` pmto Caezvtfrs, 87/4-, 07=%0=0+

Ohcnehk, I+ R+ /8=7=-+ Taphrd vkdfrsthkdmk` tof ralf ag thsns mk bfohwmarhl rfsfhrco+ Hcth zs}coala`mch, 38, =0%82?+

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8:

Ohksfk, Z+ /8===-+ Vsfr mktfrghcf dfsm`k gar MR mktfrhctmak9 H thsn%armfktfd hzzrahco+ Zracffdmk`s ag tof Tomrd Mktfrkhtmakhl Cakgfrfkcf akCakcfztmaks ag Lmbrhr} hkd Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf /CaLMS 3-+ 8=8%2:6+

Ofrdfr, F+ /2::3-+ Rfwmsmthtmak Zhttfrks hkd Dmsarmfkthtmak+ Zracffdmk`s ag tof @frehk Parnsoaz ak Hdhztmwmt} hkd Vsfr Eadflmk` mkMktfrhctmwf S}stfes HBMS 2::3, 2=8%2=4+

Mk`pfrsfk, Z+ /8==2-+ Mkgarehtmak Rftrmfwhl Mktfrhctmak+

Ivwmkh, M+ ' whk Aastfkdarz, O+ /2::4-+ Mkdmwmdvhl Dmggfrfkcfs hkd Bfohwmarhl Hszfcts Mkwalwfd mk Eadflmk` Pfb Khwm`htmak+ Lfctvrf Katfs MkCaezvtfr Scmfkcf, 38=7, 00%=6+

Nme, I+%O+ /2::7-+ Thsn hs h Zrfdmcthblf Mkdmchtar gar Mkgarehtmak Sffnmk` Bfohwmar ak tof Pfb+ Hk vkzvblmsofd dmssfrthtmak+ SCMLS, Rvt`frsVkmwfrsmt}+

Nme, ]+ E+ ' Rmfo, S+ ]+ /2::6-+ Dvhl%Thsn Zfrgarehkcf hs h Efhsvrf gar Efkthl Fggart mk Lmbrhr} Sfhrcomk` hkd Pfb Sfhrcomk`+ Zracffdmk`sag tof 7?to Hkkvhl Efftmk` ag tof Hefrmchk Sacmft} gar Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf hkd Tfcokala`}+

Nme, S+ ' Safr`fl, D+ /2::6-+ Sflfctmk` hkd Efhsvrmk` Thsn Cohrhctfrmstmcs hs Mkdfzfkdfkt Whrmhblfs+ Zracffdmk`s ag tof 7?to HkkvhlEfftmk` ag tof Hefrmchk Sacmft} gar Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf hkd Tfcokala`}+

Nvoltohv, C+ C+ /8==3-+ H zrmkcmzlf ag vkcfrthmkt} gar mkgarehtmak sffnmk`+ Iavrkhl ag Dacvefkthtmak, 4=, 33=%366+

Lhyakdfr, H+ P+, Bmfehks, O+ I+ H+, ' Pazfrfms, M+ @+ I+ O+ /2:::-+ Dmggfrfkcfs bftpffk kawmcf hkd fzfrmfkcfd vsfrs mk sfhrcomk`mkgarehtmak ak tof Parld Pmdf Pfb+ Iavrkhl ag tof Hefrmchk Sacmft} gar Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf, 68, 607%6?8+

Lm, ]+ /2::4-+ Thsn t}zf hkd h ghcftfd clhssmgmchtmak ag thsn+ Zracffdmk`s ag Hefrmchk Sacmft} gar Mkgarehtmak Scmfkcf hkd Tfcokala`} 2::4,Kawfebfr 83%80, RM9 Zrawmdfkcf, VSH+ Rftrmfwfd Ihk 2, 2::?, grae ottz9!!ppp+hsms+ar`!Cakgfrfkcfs!HE:4!zastfrs!26:+dacU

Lm, ]+ /2::0-+ Parn Thsns, Sfhrco Thsns, Hkd Mktfrhctmwf Mkgarehtmak Sfhrcomk` Bfohwmar9 Hk Fzlarhtmak Ag Tofmr Rflhtmaksomzs+ Vkzvblmsofddmssfrthtmak+ SCMLS, Rvt`frs Vkmwfrsmt}

Lvv, T+, Nlfee, G+, Zadkhr, M+, Rhihehk, E+, Hbfrfr, N+ /2::7-+ HLWMS Zffrs9 H Schlhblf Gvll%tft Zffr%taZffr Rftrmfwhl Fk`mkf+ Parnsoaz akMkgarehtmak Rftrmfwhl mk Zffr%ta%Zffr Kftparns /Z2ZMR 2::7-, callachtfd pmto tof HEC Gmgtffkto Cakgfrfkcf ak Mkgarehtmak hkd Nkaplfd`fEhkh`fefkt /CMNE 2::7-, Hrlmk`tak, WH, VSH, Kawfebfr 88, 2::7

Ehrcomakmkm, @+ /8==6-+ Mkgarehtmak sffnmk` mk flfctrakmc fkwmrakefkts+ Chebrmd`f Sfrmfs ak OCM, =+

EcFkfhkf}, I+ F+ /2::8-+ @rhzomc hkd kvefrmchl eftoads ta hssfss khwm`htmak mk o}zfrtft+ Mktfrkhtmakhl Iavrkhl ag Ovehk CaezvtfrStvdmfs, 66, 078%0?7+

Ec@rhp, N+ A+, Pmllmhes, I+ F+, Tfp, E+ D+ /8===-+ Zs}coFzs9 H Pfb%bhsfd Ca`kmtmwf Zs}coala`} Lhbarhtar}+ PfbKft 8===9 834?%834=+

Ec@rhp, N+ A+, ' Tshm, P+ S+ /8==3-+ H Caezvtfr Zra`rhe gar Cakdvctmk` Efkthl Rathtmak Fzfrmefkts+ Tfhcomk` ag Zs}coala`}, 2:/4-, 247%240+

Earrmsak, I+, Zmrallm, Z+, ' Chrd, S+ N+ /2::8-+ H thakaemc hkhl}sms ag poht parld pmdf pfb hctmwmtmfs sm`kmgmchktl} mezhct zfazlfs dfcmsmaks hkdhctmaks+ Zracffdmk`s ag COM 2::8 % Fxtfkdfd hbstrhcts, 878%87-+

Kffdlfehk, S+ B+ ' Pvksco, C+ D+ /8=0:-+ H `fkfrhl eftoad hzzlmchblf ta tof sfhrco gar smemlhrmtmfs mk tof hemka hcmd sfxvfkcf ag tpazratfmks+ Iavrkhl ag ealfcvlhr bmala`}, 4?, 443%463+

Zftfrsak, F+ R+, Dfhr}, M+ I+, ' Hvstmk, F+ I+ /2::6-+ H kfp efhsvrf ag Wfrbhl%Meh`fr} Ca`kmtmwf St}lf9 WMCS+ Zfrsakhlmt} hkd MkdmwmdvhlDmggfrfkcfs, 3?/7-, 827=%82?8+

Sofzhrd, R+K+ ' Eftylfr, I+ /8=08-+ Efkthl Rathtmak ag Torff%Dmefksmakhl Abifcts+ Scmfkcf /808- 0:8%0:3+

Somo, Z+%C+, Ehtf, R+, Shkcofy, G+, ' Evkay, D+ /2::4-+ Xvhktmg}mk` vsfr%khwm`htmak zhttfrks9 h eftoadala`} zrazashl+ Mk Zastfr zrfsfktfd httof 2?to Mktfrkhtmakhl Cak`rfss ag Zs}coala`} mk Bfimk` Bfimk` 2::4+

Straaz, I+ R+ /8=36-+ Stvdmfs ag mktfrgfrfkcf mk sfrmhl wfrbhl rfhctmaks+ Iavrkhl ag Fzfrmefkthl Zs}coala`}, 8?/7-, 743%772+

Thvscofr, L+ ' @rffkbfr`, S+ /8==0-+ Oap zfazlf rfwmsmt pfb zh`fs9 Fezmrmchl gmkdmk`s hkd mezlmchtmaks gar tof dfsm`k ag omstar} s}stfes+Mktfrkhtmakhl Iavrkhl ag Ovehk Caezvtfr Stvdmfs, 40, =0%830+

Taes, F+, EhcNfkymf, T+, Iardhk, C, ABrmfk, O+, Grfvkd, L+, Tayf, S+ Dhpf, F+, EhcKvtt H+, /2::0-+ Oap Thsn hggfcts Mkgarehtmak Sfhrco+Parnsoaz Zrf%Zracffdmk`s Mk Mkmtmhtmwf gar tof Fwhlvhtmak ag _EL Rftrmfwhl /MKF_- 2::0+ K+ Gvor, K+ Lhlehs, H+ Tratehk Fds+ottz9!!mkf+ms+mkgarehtmn+vkm%dvmsbvr`+df!2::0!mkf:0!zdg!2::0%zrfzracffdmk`s+zdg ^Hccfssfd9 Ihkvhr} 8=, 2::?U+

Whnnhrm, Z+ /8===-+ Thsn caezlfmt}, zrablfe strvctvrf hkd mkgarehtmak hctmaks+ Mktf`rhtmk` stvdmfs ak mkgarehtmak sffnmk` hkd rftrmfwhl+Mkgarehtmak Zracfssmk` hkd Ehkh`fefkt, 36, ?8=%?30+

7/31/2019 Gwizdka ASIST2008 Note

11/11

88

Hzzfkdm+

Thblf ?+ Sflfctfd sfhrco thsns vsfd mk tof stvd} /akf gar fhco caebmkhtmak ag thsn t}zf hkd strvctvrf-+

T}zf Xvfstmak tft

GG%S]av lawf omstar} hkd, mk zhrtmcvlhr, }av hrf mktfrfstfd mk tof Tfvtakmc Ardfr /Tfvtakmc Nkm`ots-+ ]av ohwfrfhd hbavt tofmr zfrmad ag zapfr, hkd kap }av phkt ta lfhrk earf hbavt tofmr dfclmkf+ Poht }fhr phs tof

Ardfr dfgfhtfd mk h bhttlf b} h Zalmso%Lmtovhkmhk hre}1

GG%O

H grmfkd ohs ivst sfkt hk fehml grae hk Mktfrkft chg mk tof savtofrk VSH pofrf sof ms ak h omnmk` trmz+ Softflls }av toht sof ohs ivst stfzzfd mkta hk hktomll ag sehll rfd hkts hkd ohs h lhr`f kvebfr ag zhmkgvl bmtfsak ofr lf`+ Sof phkts ta nkap poht szfcmfs ag hkts tof} hrf lmnfl} ta bf, oap dhk`fravs tof} hrf hkd pohtsof chk da hbavt tof bmtfs+ Poht pmll }av tfll ofr1

GG%ZHs h omstar} bvgg, }av ohwf ofhrd ag tof xvmft rfwalvtmak, tof zfhcfgvl rfwalvtmak hkd tof wflwft rfwalvtmak+Gar h snmll%tfstmk` xvfstmak ta pmk hk mZad }av ohwf bffk hsnfd oap tof} dmggfr g rae tof Hzrml 8=torfwalvtmak+

M@%O

]av rfcfktl} ofhrd hbavt tof baan "Ghst Gaad Khtmak," hkd mt ohs rfhll} mkglvfkcfd tof ph} }av tomkn hbavt}avr dmft+ ]av katf mk zhrtmcvlhr tof heavkt hkd t}zfs ag gaad hddmtmwfs cakthmkfd mk tof tomk`s toht }av fhtfwfr} dh}+ Kap }av phkt ta vkdfrsthkd pomco gaad hddmtmwfs zasf h rmsn ta }avr zo}smchl ofhlto, hkd hrflmnfl} ta bf lmstfd ak `racfr} starf lhbfls+

M@%Z

Grmfkds hrf zlhkkmk` ta bvmld h kfp oavsf hkd ohwf ofhrd toht vsmk` salhr fkfr`} zhkfls gar ofhtmk` chkshwf h lat ag eakf}+ Smkcf tof} da kat nkap hk}tomk` hbavt oaef ofhtmk` hkd tof mssvfs mkwalwfd, tof}

ohwf hsnfd gar }avr oflz+ ]av hrf vkcfrthmk hs pfll, hkd da saef rfsfhrco ta mdfktmg} saef mssvfs tohtkffd ta bf caksmdfrfd mk dfcmdmk` bftpffk earf cakwfktmakhl eftoads ag oaef ofhtmk` hkd salhr zhkfls+

Gm`vrf 3+ Tof kvebfr ag gmrst zh`f sfhrco rfsvlts hkd mkdmwmdvhl rfsvlt zh`fs wmsmtfd b} sfhrcofrs soapk gar dmggfrfktlfwfls ag svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt}+

Gm`vrf 4+ Sm`kmgmchkt Sfhrco Fggmcmfkc} whrmhblf /Rhtma ag rflfwhkt rfsvlts ta hll wmsmtfd zh`fs- ag soapk gar dmggfrfktlfwfls ag svbifctmwf thsn dmggmcvlt}+