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tradItIOnal fOlk Crafts
Gulduzi
Gulduzi – a form of embroidery iswidespreadhandicraftamongtheTajikwomen.It is one of the oldest forms of handcraftstitched by using needles and special hooks.Forgulduziembroideryvarietytypesofthreadsmadeofsilk,cotton,wool,syntheticandmetalbased material. Although traditionally gulduziembroiderywasmadebyhandthesedaysthereare also embroidery-sawing machines used inproductionoftraditionalpatterns.
Gulduzi embroidery is widely applied fordecorationofnearlyanyobjectsmadefromfabricandleather.Mostcommonitemswheregulduziembroideryisappliedarehometextile,clothingincluding slippers and shoes. The coveringsfor horses and camels are also decoratedwith
gulduziembroidery.Gulduziembroideredhometextiles are of different functionality such astablecloth,teatowels,curtains,bedcover,headgearsetc.Theseobjectscanhavedifferentsizesuchasbedcovercanbequitebigandsuchitemsareembroideredbyagroupofwomenwhereassmalleritemsaremadebyoneperson.
Gulduzi embroidery has different formsof stitching such as chapduzi, kandakhayol, khomduzi andiroki.
Suzani is one of the types of embroideredand decorative textile made in Tajikistan andother Central Asian countries. Suzani is fromthePersiansuzan,whichmeansneedle.Suzanis usually have a cotton (sometimes silk) fabricbase, which is embroidered in silk or cotton
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thread.Chain,satin,andbuttonholestitchesaretheprimarystitchesused.Thereisalsoextensiveuseofcouching,inwhichdecorativethreadlaidonthefabricasaraisedlineisstitchedinplacewith a second thread. Suzanis are often madein two or more pieces that are then stitchedtogether
Populardesignmotifsincludesunandmoondisks, flowers (especially tulips, carnations,and irises), leaves and vines, fruits (especiallypomegranates),andoccasionalfishandbirds.Forlargesuzanis,severalofthefabricstripsarefirstsewnlooselytogetherandthepatternisdrawnon
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them;thentheyaretakenapartsothattwoormorefamilymembersorfriendscanworkonthe embroidery simultaneously. Laterwhenthepanelsarerejoined,thepatternpartsmaynot match perfectly, and extra stitches maybeaddedintheareasalongtheseams.It'stheold, traditional approach in this handcraftedartform.
The suzani embroidery threads aresilk. Two traditional stitches are used in amajorityofthepieces:primarilybasmastitch,sometimescalledBukharacouching,andlessoften,chainstitch. Anunbelievableamountoftimeandcaregoesintothemakingofeachpiece.
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IntangIble Cultural HerItage In tajIkIstan
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