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(REVISED DRAFT)

Guidelines for

Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facilities

CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD (Ministry of Environment & Forests)

Parivesh Bhawan, East Arjun Nagar

DELHI -110 032 website: www.cpcb.nic.in

February 26, 2014

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CONTENT

S.

No.

Description Page

Number

1 Introduction 1

2 Applicability of the Guidelines 2

3 Environmental Laws Applicable for Establishment of a

Common Bio-medical waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF)

2

4 Location 3

5 Land Requirement 3

6 Coverage Area of CBWTF 4

7 Treatment Equipment 4

8 Infrastructure set up 10

9 Record Keeping 14

10 Collection and Transportation of Bio-medical Waste 16

11 Disposal of Solid Waste 19

12 Cost to be Charged by the CBWTF Operator from the

HealthCare Units

19

13 Setting up and Operation of CBWTF 20

14 Check List for Development of CBWTF 21

15 Periodic Inspection/Monitoring or Performance Evaluation of

the CBWTFs

22

List of Annexures

Annexure -I : Design and Construction of Bio-medical

Waste Incinerator

23

Annexure -II: Format for maintaining the record by the

CBWTF Operator alongwith the vehicle used for collection of

the Bio-medical waste from the member HCFs

29

Annexure -III: Log Book for Operating the Incinerator and

Autoclave

30

Annexure -IV: Check list for Development of a CBWTF 31

Annexure -V: Check list for Performance Evaluation of the

CBWTF

35

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Abbreviations

BMW Rules - Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules

CBWTF - Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility

CO - Carbon Monoxide

CO2 - Carbon Dioxide

CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board

DG - Diesel Generator

EC - Environmental Clearance

ETP - Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP)

GPS - Global Positioning System

HCFs - Health Care Facilities

HCl - Hydrochloric Acid

HW (M, H & TM) Rules - Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling &

Transboundary Movement) Rules

MHz - Mega Hertz

MoEF - Ministry of Environment & Forests

KM - Kilometer

KW - Kilowatt

NOx - Oxides of Nitrogen

O2, - Oxygen

PCC - Pollution Control Committee

PLC - Programmable logical control

SPCB - State Pollution Control Board

TSDF - Treatment Storage and Disposal

Facility (Hazardous Waste)

TOC - Total Organic Carbon

VOCs - Volatile Organic Compounds

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1) INTRODUCTION:

A Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF) is a set up where

biomedical waste, generated from a number of healthcare units, is imparted

necessary treatment to reduce adverse effects that this waste may pose. The

treated waste may finally be sent for disposal in a landfill or for recycling

purposes. Installation of individual treatment facilities by small healthcare units

requires comparatively high capital investment. In addition, it requires separate

manpower and infrastructure development for proper operation and

maintenance of treatment systems. The concept of CBWTF not only addresses

such problems but also prevents proliferation of treatment equipment in a city. In

turn it reduces the monitoring pressure on regulatory agencies. By running the

treatment equipment at CBWTF to its full capacity, the cost of treatment of per

kilogram gets significantly reduced. Its considerable advantages have made

CBWTF popular and proven concept in many developed countries.

The common bio-medical treatment facilities are also required to set up

based on the need for ensuring environmentally sound management of

bio-medical waste keeping in view the techno-economic feasibility and

viable operation of the facility with minimal impacts on human health and

environment.

CBWTF as an option has also been legally introduced in India. The Bio-medical

Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998, gives an option to the Bio-medical

Waste generator that such waste can also be treated at the common bio-medical

waste treatment facility. The Second Amendment of the Rules in June, 2000,

further eased the bottleneck in upbringing the CBWTF by making Local Authority

responsible for providing suitable site within its jurisdiction.

The concept of CBWTF is also being widely accepted in India among the

healthcare units, medical associations and entrepreneurs. In order to set up a

CBWTF to its maximum perfection, care shall be taken in choosing the right

technology, development of CBWTF area, proper designing of transportation

system to achieve optimum results etc. These key features of CBWTF have been

addressed in the following sections and will form the guidelines for the

establishment of CBWTFs throughout the country.

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2) APPLICABILITY OF THE GUIDELINES:

These guidelines are applicable to all the upcoming CBWTFs. In case of the

existing CBWTFs, these guidelines shall be applicable as and when the existing

CBWTFs desires to expand the treatment capacity of the existing CBWTF or

desires to replace the existing treatment equipment with that of the new

equipment or existing plant completed 12 years of life from the date of

commissioning and requires installation of new treatment equipment.

3) ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS APPLICABLE FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF A CBWTF:

Prior to allowing any new facility, the regulatory authority is required to

conduct inventory with regard to the bio-medical waste generation, as well

as existing bio-medical waste treatment capacities. In case found, additional

treatment capacity is required for a particular locality, in such a case action

may be initiated by the prescribed authority for allowing additional

treatment capacity in the form of a new CBWTF in the particular locality

without interfering the coverage area of the existing CBWTF in that locality

as per these guidelines.

Operation of Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facilities leads to air

emissions and waste water generation as in case of an industrial operation.

Most common sources of waste water generation in CBWTFs are vehicle

washing, floor washing, scrubbed liquid effluent from air pollution control

systems attached with the incinerator. Incineration as well as DG Set are the

general source of air emissions.

The CBWTF operator is required to obtain ‘Consent to Establishment’ under

Rule 25 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and

under Rule 21 of the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981,

from the respective prescribed authority i.e. State Pollution Control Board

(SPCB)/ Pollution Control Committee (PCC). Upon installation of the

requisite equipment, the CBWTF Operator is also required to obtain

authorization as required under Rule 8 of the BMW Rules, 1998 from the

SPCB/PCC prior to commencement of the CBWTF.

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Also, the CBWTF operator is required to obtain ‘Environmental Clearance

(EC)’ from the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MoEF) in compliance to

the Hon’ble National Green Tribunals order dated 28.11.2013.

4) LOCATION:

The CBWTF shall be located as near to its area of operation as possible in order

to minimize the travel distance in waste collection, thus enhancing its operational

flexibility as well as for ensuring compliance to the time limit stipulated under the

BMW Rules and also the location should confirming to the CRZ Norms and

other provisions notified under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The

location shall be decided in consultation with the State Pollution Control Board

(SPCB)/ Pollution Control Committee (PCC). Suggested location criteria for

development of a CBWTF are as follows:

(i) A CBWTF shall be located at a place reasonably far away from residential

and sensitive area so that it has minimal impact on these areas (or)

(ii) The CBWTF shall be developed in an industrial area of the locality (or)

(ii) All the upcoming CBWTFs shall be located at least at a distance of

1 KM away from the surface water body and or 10 KM away from the

human habitation and or in consultation with the SPCB/PCC (or)

(iii) In case, in any locality or a State/UT, hazardous waste treatment storage

and disposal facility (TSDF) exists, Common bio-medical waste treatment

facility shall be developed as an integral part of such TSDF subject to

obtaining of necessary approvals or clearances as required under the

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 from the concerned regulatory

authorities.

5) LAND REQUIREMENT:

Sufficient land shall be allocated for CBWTF to provide all requisite systems

which include space for storage, waste treatment facilities, ETP, vehicle

washing and parking space. It is felt that a CBWTF will require minimum of 1

acre land area. So, preferably, a CBWTF be set up on a plot size of not less than

one acre in all the areas except in metropolitan cities like Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata,

Mumbai and in hilly areas. Considering the availability of land constraint,

however, relaxation in this regard shall be examined and approved given by the

concerned State Pollution Control Board (SPCB) /Pollution Control Committee

(PCC) only in concurrence from CPCB in case of the metropolitan cities like Delhi,

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Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata and in hilly areas with a justification. but in any

case, area of land for development of a CBWTF shall not be less than one acre

land in the said metropolitan cities or hilly areas. However, In case of

upcoming CBWTFs in any locality, the facility should be developed

confirming to these guidelines in an area not less than 2 acres of land. A

facility cannot be set up in two or more different plots even if they are

located in close vicinity. However, separate plots can be permitted only for

vehicle parking if located in close vicinity.

6) COVERAGE AREA OF CBWTF:

Suggested coverage area of development of a CBWTF is as follows:

(i) Considering the economic viability and feasibility and to have minimal

impacts on the environment, in any area, only one CBWTF may be allowed

to cater up to 10,000 beds at the approved rate by the Prescribed

Authority.

(ii) A CBWTF shall not be allowed to cater healthcare units situated beyond a

radius of 150 km. However, in an area where 10,000 beds are not available

within a radius of 150 KM, existing CBWTF in the locality may be allowed

to cater the healthcare units situated outside the said 150 KM, provided if

there is no any facility in the next 150 KM region.

(iii) In case, number of beds is exceeding more than 10,000 in a locality, in

such a case, one more CBWTF may be allowed in such the same locality to

cater services only to such additional bed strength in HCFs. In such a case,

area of influence shall be prescribed by the SPCB/PCC.

(iv) In case of North-Eastern States/Hilly States, considering the geography,

only one CBWTF with adequate treatment capacities may be developed in

each district so as to cater services to the HCFs located in the respective

District.

7) TREATMENT EQUIPMENT

As per the provisions of Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules,

waste falling in most of the categories can be treated in systems based on non-

burn technologies. Such waste account for about 90% of the total waste streams

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in a healthcare unit. The only option specified for disposal of category 1 & 2

waste is by incineration/deep burial (depending upon the population of town) to

anatomical and other types of waste falling under categories 1 and 2. Therefore,

an incinerator of adequate capacity to cater categories 1 and 2 waste shall be

installed. (If secured landfill is not available, category 5 bio-medical waste may

also be incinerated.). The wastes falling under category 5 i.e. discarded medicines,

cytotoxic drugs and category 10 i.e. chemical wastes (solids) can also be disposed

in a secured landfill. A Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF)

shall have following treatment facilities:

(i) Incineration:

It is a controlled combustion process where waste is completely oxidized

and harmful microorganisms present in it are destroyed/denatured under

high temperature. The guidelines for "Design & Construction of Bio-

medical Waste Incinerators" (Annexure –I) prepared by CPCB shall be

followed for selecting/installing a better bio-medical waste incinerator. The

incinerator should be fitted with separate ‘energy meter’ for recording

total energy consumed for operation of the incinerator.

(ii) Plasma Pyrolysis:

Alternate to incinerator, Plasma Pyrolysis treatment technology can

be installed for disposal of bio-medical waste categories 1, 2, 5 & 06

wherein destruction of bio-medical waste similar to incineration can

be achieved. In case of plasma pyrolysis, waste is treated at high

temperature under controlled condition to form gases like methane,

hydrogen and carbon monoxide which are subjected to combustion

(oxidation) in secondary chamber. In the plasma pyrolysis process

waste is converted into small clinker which can be disposed in secured

landfills.

(iii) Autoclaving/ Microwaving / Hydroclaving:

(a) Autoclaving is a low-heat thermal process where steam is brought

into direct contact with waste in a controlled manner and for

sufficient duration to disinfect the wastes as stipulated under the

Bio-medical Waste ( Management & Handling) Rules. For ease and

safety in operation, the system should be horizontal type and

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exclusively designed for the treatment of bio-medical waste. For

optimum results, pre-vacuum based system be preferred against

the gravity type system. It shall have tamper-proof control panel

with efficient display and recording devices for recording critical

parameters such as time, temperature, pressure, date and batch

number etc. as required under the BMW Rules.

(b) In microwaving, microbial inactivation occurs as a result of the

thermal effect of electromagnetic radiation spectrum lying between

the frequencies 300 and 300,000 MHz. Microwave heating is an

inter-molecular heating process. The heating occurs inside the

waste material in the presence of steam.

(c) Hydroclaving is similar to that of autoclaving except that the waste is

subjected to indirect heating by applying steam in the outer jacket. The

waste is continuously tumbled in the chamber during the process.

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(iv) Chemical disinfection: Though chemical disinfection as stipulated under

the BMW Rules is also an option for treatment of certain categories of bio-

medical waste but looking at the volume of waste to be disinfected at the

CBWTF and the pollution load associated with the use of disinfectants, the

use of chemical disinfection for treatment of bio-medical waste at CBWTF

is not recommended.

(v) Shredder: Shredding is a process by which waste are de-shaped or cut

into smaller pieces so as to make the wastes unrecognizable. It helps in

prevention of reuse of bio-medical waste and also acts as identifier that

Note: (i) Autoclaving/ Microwaving / Hydroclaving/shredder should

be fitted with separate ‘energy meter’ for recording total energy consumed for operation of these equipment.

(ii) In the event of any operational problem in the primary

incinerator/autoclave, to ensure bio-medical waste is

treated within the time limit as stipulated under the BMW

Rules, each facility should also be provided with stand by

incinerator as well as autoclave.

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the wastes have been disinfected and are safe to dispose off. A shredder

to be used for shredding bio-medical waste shall confirm to the following

minimum requirements:

(a) The shredder for bio-medical waste shall be of robust design with

minimum maintenance requirement.

(b) The shredder should be properly designed and covered to avoid

spillage and dust generation. It should be designed such that it has

minimum manual handling.

(c) The hopper and cutting chamber of the shredder should be so

designed to accommodate the waste bag full of bio-medical waste.

(d) The shredder blade should be highly resistant and should be able

to shred waste sharps, syringes, scalpels, glass vials, blades, plastics,

catheters, broken ampoules, intravenous sets/ bottles, blood bags,

gloves, bandages etc. It should be able to handle/ shred wet waste,

especially after microwave/ autoclave/hydroclave.

(e) The shredder blade shall be of non-corrosive and hardened steel.

(f) The shredder should be so designed and mounted so as not to

generate high noise & vibration.

(g) If hopper lid or door of collection box is opened, the shredder

should stop automatically for safety of operator.

(h) ]In case of shock-loading (non-shreddable material in the hopper),

there should be a mechanism to automatically stop the shredder to

avoid any emergency/accident.

(i) In case of overload or jamming, the shredder should have

mechanism of reverse motion of shaft to avoid any

emergency/accident.

(j) The motor shall be connected to the shredder shaft through a gear

mechanism, to ensure low rpm and safety.

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(k) The unit shall be suitably designed for operator safety, mechanical

as well as electrical.

(l) The shredder should have low rotational speed (maximum 50 rpm).

This will ensure better gripping and cutting of the bio-medical

waste.

(m) The discharge height (from discharge point to ground level) shall be

sufficient (minimum 3 feet) to accommodate the containers for

collection of shredded material. This would avoid spillage of

shredded material.

(n) The minimum capacity of the motor attached with the shredder

shall be 3 KW for 50 Kg/hr, 5 KW for 100 kg/hr & 7.5 KW for

200 Kg/hr and shall be three phase induction motor. This will

ensure efficient cutting of the bio-medical wastes as prescribed in

the Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules.

(o) The shredder also should be fitted with separate ‘energy meter’ for

recording total energy consumed for operation of these equipment.

(vi) Sharp pit/ Encapsulation:

A sharp pit or a facility for sharp encapsulation shall be provided for

treated sharps. An option may also be worked out for recovery of metal

from treated and shredded waste sharps within the CBWTF or in a

foundry or a factory located near by, as per the conditions imposed in

authorization granted under BMW Rules by the State Pollution Control

Board/Pollution Control Committee.

(vii) Deep burial:

Deep burial of bio-medical waste as a part of CBWTF should not be

allowed be discouraged as far as possible. However, deep burial option

for disposal of bio-medical waste shall be allowed as a part of the

CBWTF only in hilly areas or north –eastern States provided there is

no CBWTF.

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(viii) Non-burn technology:

Non-incineration technologies for disposal of bio-medical waste are

adopted in some of the developed countries. Non-incineration

technology comprises of shredding and disinfection by

autoclaving/microwaving or chemical treatment. The treated waste

can be disposed along with municipal solid waste in sanitary landfills.

Such option can also be adopted in places where the sanitary landfill

or waste to energy plant for disposal of municipal solid waste is

available. Such technology is permitted only after prior approval of

CPCB and after obtaining authorization under the BMW Rules from

the respective SPCB/PCC for the purpose of carrying out trial runs for

assessment of efficacy of the treatment equipment.

(ix) Vehicle/Containers Washing Facility:

Every time a vehicle is unloaded, the vehicle and empty waste containers

shall be washed properly and disinfected. It can be carried out in an open

area but on an impermeable surface and liquid effluent so generated shall

be conveyed collected and treated in an effluent treatment plant. The

impermeable area shall be of appropriate size so as to avoid spillage of

liquid during washing.

(x) Effluent Treatment Plant :

A suitable Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) shall be installed to ensure that

liquid effluent generated during the process of washing containers,

vehicles, floors etc. is treated and reused disposed after treatment. ETP

should have required treatment unit operations comprising at least

collection tank, O & G trap, chemical dosing, co-agulation chamber,

Note:

(i) If any CBWTF desires to adopt any other technology other than referred under BMW Rules, may adopt new technology only with the prior approval from CPCB/MoEF and is required to obtain authorization under the BMW Rules for carrying out trial run for assessment of efficacy of the technology.

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primary settling tank, biological treatment process, secondary settling

tank, pressure filter and activated carbon filter so as to comply with

the regulatory discharge standards stipulated under the Bio-medical

Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998 and amendments made

thereof. ETP should also be fitted with separate ‘energy meter’ so as to

know total consumption of electricity for operation of the machinery

attached with the ETP. ETP also be fitted with pH meter so as to know pH

level of treated water as well as pH level of treated water used for the

purpose of recycling in APCD attached with the incinerator or any utility

within the CBWTF. ETP also be fitted with ‘magnetic flow meter’ at the

outlet to know the total wastewater treated for further end use or

discharge in compliance to the BMW Rules. ETP should also be

connected with a provision of ‘press filter’ or ‘sludge drying bed’ for

drying the sludge generated from the ETP and after drying, same

need to be disposed off in an environmentally sound manner

depending upon the hazardous constituents present in it. Proper

treatment of waste water shall be ensured in case of zero discharge

by recycling of treated wastewater for scrubbing.

(8) INFRASTRUCTURE SET UP:

The CBWTF shall have enough space within it to install required treatment

equipment, untreated and treated waste storage area, vehicle-parking, vehicle

and containers washing area, Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP), administration room

or staff room etc. The required area for CBWTF would depend upon the projected

amount of bio-medical waste to be handled by it. A CBWTF shall have the

following infrastructure:

(i) Treatment Equipment Room:

A separate housing may be provided for each treatment equipment at the

CBWTF such as incinerator room, autoclave room, microwave room etc, as

applicable. Each room shall have well-designed roof and walls. Such room

shall be well ventilated and easy to wash. The floor and interior finishing of

the room shall be such that chances of sticking/harbouring of

microorganisms are minimized. This can be attained by providing smooth

& fine floor and wall surfaces (to a height of 2 metre from floor) preferably

of tiles. The number of joints in such surfaces shall be minimal. The

equipment room shall also have a separate cabin, to supervise the

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operation of the equipment and to record the waste handling and

equipment operational data attached to each equipment room. There shall

be two waste storage rooms, one for storage of untreated wastes and

another for treated wastes. The storage room shall have provisions similar

to that of equipment room being well-ventilated with easy to wash floors

& walls, smooth and fine surfaces etc. All the treatment equipment rooms

and waste storage rooms should be provided with ‘fly catcher/killing

device’.

(ii) Main Waste Storage Space:

Separate space shall be provided near the entry point of the CBWTF to

unload and store all biomedical wastes that have been transported to the

facility by vehicle. The size of the room shall be adequate to store all

wastes transported to the CBWTF. The front portion of the room shall be

utilized for unloading the wastes from the vehicle and back or side portion

shall be utilized for shifting the wastes to the respective treatment

equipment. In the front of the room where vehicle is parked for unloading,

the floor shall be made impermeable so that any liquid spilled during

unloading does not percolate into the ground. The liquid generated

during handling of wastes and washing, shall be diverted to the inlet of

ETP. In the main storage room, wastes shall be stacked with clear

distinction as per the color coding of the containers by providing

partitions. From here, the colored containers may be sent to the respective

treatment equipment by using suitable closed type of conveyance ( trolley

etc.,) . The main storage room too shall have provisions similar to that of

equipment room such as roofing, well ventilated, easy to wash floors &

walls, smooth and fine surfaces etc.

(iii) Treated Waste Storage room:

Separate space should be provided to store the wastes treated in

different treatment units shall be stored. The wastes shall be stored in

separate group as per the disposal options. Other provisions in the room

shall be similar to the main storage room. Waste such as incineration ash

generated in the process of incineration shall be stored in a separate area

under the shed so as to avoid entry of rain water during the monsoon and

for easy collection and in case, incineration ash is hazardous waste in

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nature same should be disposed through any authorized TSDF operator

located nearby following the manifest as per Hazardous Waste

(Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 as

amended,.

(Iv) Administrative Room:

This room shall be utilized for general administration, record keeping,

billing etc.

(iv) Generator Set:

Every CBWTF shall have generator set as standby arrangement for power,

with sufficient capacity to run the treatment equipment during the failure

of power supply. The generator set shall comply with the necessary

requirements as per DG Set norms notified under the Environment

(Protection) Rules, 1986.

(v) Online monitoring provision:

Online monitoring provision for continuous monitoring of the incinerator

stack emissions especially for flue gas parameters such as CO 2, O2, CO as

stipulated under CPCB guidelines and records maintained.

(vi) Site Security:

High walls, fencing and guarded gates shall be provided at the facility to

prevent unauthorized access to the site by humans and livestock.

(vii) Vehicle Parking:

Provision for parking shall be made within the confines of the site for

parking of required number of vehicles, loading and unloading of the

vehicles meant for transporting waste to and from the facility, etc.. In case

of a CBWTF with space constraints, multy-story parking or a separate

provision may be allowed only for parking of vehicles.

(viii) Surveillance cameras (CCTV):

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Surveillance cameras (CCTV) should be provided in the vulnerable location of the facilities (Waste storage, waste feeding, PLC attached with the treatment equipment ( incinerator and autoclave).

(ix) Sign Board:

An identification board of durable material and finish shall be displayed at

the entrance to the facility. This shall clearly display the name of the

facility, the name, address and telephone number of the operator and the

prescribed authority, the hours of operation and the telephone numbers of

the personnel to be contacted in the event of an emergency.

(x) Green Belt:

The open area within the CBWTF shall be developed into greenbelt.

(xi) Washing Room:

A washing room shall be provided for eye washing/hand washing/ bathing

etc.

(xi) Fire safety:

Fire safety equipment such as sand buckets and fire extinguishers should

be provided at all the salient points of the CBWTF including at the diesel

storage areas, diesel tanks connected with the incinerator etc. Fire alarm

also should be provided within the CBWTF to prompt the workers in the

event any fire hazard.

Besides above, following important provisions should also be made in a CBWTF:

(a) A telephone shall be provided and maintained at the facility.

(b) A First Aid Box shall be provided and maintained at the CBWTF.

(c) Proper lighting shall be provided at the facility.

(d) Proper care shall be taken to keep the facility and surroundings free from

odours.

(e) Proper fire fighting facilities and emergency alarm shall be installed.

(f) Measures shall be implemented to control pests and insects at the site.

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(g) Measures shall be implemented to control the escape of litter from the

site.

(h) Necessary provision shall be made to prevent and control noise generated,

if any, due to the activities at the site.

(i) Necessary protective gear for the waste handlers shall be provided.

(j) Immunization to all the workers of CBWTF.

Every CBWTF operator shall submit a work-plan to the Prescribed Authority. The

work-plan should include the details of facilities at the CBWTF, the collection,

transportation & storage of the bio-medical wastes, operational details etc.

(9) RECORD KEEPING:

Maintenance of records for all operations carried out at the CBWTF is very

important to monitor overall operation of the CBWTF. It also helps in submission

of the required information to be submitted to the ‘Prescribed Authority’

by 31 st January of every year. A well-maintained record of all the activities at the

CBWTF also enables the facility operator to produce all information of the

activities on demand of the concerned Authority. The record should include all

information related to each activity at the CBWTF site, however, minimum

requirement has been outlined below:

(i) Records of Waste Movements: Daily records shall be maintained for the

waste accepted and treated waste removed from the site. This record shall

include the following minimum details:

(a) Waste Accepted: - Records on day-to-day basis (as per the

format given at Annexure-II) shall be maintained with respect

to the waste collection date, name of the healthcare unit with bar

cade, waste category as per BMW Rules, category-wise quantity

of waste accepted, vehicle registration number used for

collection of bio-medical waste from member health care

facilities, time at which waste collected from member HCFs, name

of the vehicle driver and his signature and waste receiving date

& time (at CBWTF site). Similar information to be acknowledged

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to the member health care facility by the CBWTF operator on

daily basis.

(b) Treated Waste Removed:- Date, treated waste type, Quantity,

vehicle number and location of disposal .

(ii) Logbook for the Treatment Equipment: A logbook shall be maintained

(as per the format given at Annexure-II) for each treatment equipment

installed at the site and shall include the following:

(a) The weight of each batch.

(b) The categories of waste as per the Rules.

(c) The time, date and duration of each treatment cycle and total hours

of operations.

(d) The complete details of all operational parameters during each

cycle.

Log book to be maintained for operating the incinerator as well as the

autoclave as per the formats given at Annexure –III.

(iii) Monitoring and reporting of operations in the CBWTF: The monitoring

of the key operating parameters of treatment equipment provides several

benefits. First, monitoring provides the operator with information needed

to make decisions on necessary combustion control adjustments. Second,

properly maintained monitoring records can provide useful information for

identifying operating trends and potential maintenance problems.

Following are the suggested parameters for monitoring of the treatment

equipment

(a) Monitoring of operating parameters of the incinerator:

Following operating parameters can be monitored in case of

incinerator:

Charge rate.

Combustion gas temperature in primary and secondary

chamber.

Condition of the draft.

Combustion gas oxygen level.

Air flow rate through the incinerator.

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Carbon-Di-Oxide (CO2), Oxygen (O2 ) and Carbon monoxide

(CO ) level in the flue gas.

Quantity of auxiliary fuel usage.

Pressure drop in the venturi scrubber and

Ash quality (for Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) or

Total Organic Carbon (TOC) at least once in a quarter).

(b) Monitoring of operating parameters of the Autoclave: Following

operating parameters can be monitored during the sterilization

using autoclave:

Time at which sterilization started and time at which

sterilization completed.

Temperature conditions maintained through the sterilization

Conditions of pressure maintained through the sterilization

Duration of sterilization

Validation test results

Records concerning the above parameters need to be maintained and

checked periodically for taking remedial measures during the operation of

the incinerator or autoclave. The monitoring results of the stack gases and

the validation test results are required to be submitted to SPCB/PCC at

least once in a quarter.

(iv) Site Records:

Site records shall include the following:

(a) Details of construction or engineering works;

(b) Maintenance schedule, breakdowns/trouble shootings and remedial

actions;

(c) Emergencies;

(d) Incidents of unacceptable waste received and the action taken; and

(e) Details of site inspections by the officials of the regulatory Agency

and necessary action on the observations.

Daily, monthly and annual summary records of all the above shall be

maintained and made available at the site for inspection and same

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submitted whenever required by an authorized officer of regulatory

Agency.

(10) COLLECTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE:

The collection and transportation of bio-medical waste shall be carried out in a

manner so as to avoid any possible hazard to human health and environment.

Collection and transportation are the two operations where the chances of

segregated bio-medical waste coming in contact with the public, rag pickers,

animals/birds, etc are high. Therefore, all care shall be taken to ensure that the

segregated bio-medical waste, handed over by the healthcare units, reach CBWTF

without any damage, spillage or unauthorized access by public, animals etc. A

responsible person from the CBWTF operator shall always accompany the vehicle

to supervise the collection and transportation of bio-medical waste.

(i) Collection of bio-medical waste:

Generator of the bio-medical waste is responsible for providing

segregated waste in accordance with the provisions of the Bio-

medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1988, to the CBWTF

operator. The CBWTF operator shall not accept the non-segregated waste

and such incident shall be reported to the Prescribed Authority once in a

quarter. Temporary storage at healthcare unit shall be designated. The

coloured bags handed over by the healthcare units shall be collected in

similar coloured containers with cover. Each bag shall be labeled as per

Schedule III & IV of the Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling)

Rules, so that at any time, the healthcare units can be traced back that are

not segregating the bio-medical wastes as per the Rules. The coloured

containers should be strong enough to withstand any possible damage

that may occur during loading, transportation or unloading of such

containers. These containers shall also be labeled as per the Schedule III of

the Rules. Sharps shall be collected in puncture resistant container. The

person responsible for collection of bio-medical wastes shall also carry a

register with him to maintain the records such as name of the healthcare

unit, the type and quantity of waste received, time at which collected from

the member HCF, signature of the authorised person from the healthcare

unit etc. Bar coding system may be adopted to identify and

maintaining records.

18

(ii) Transportation of the collected bio-medical waste to the CBWTF:

All the vehicles used by the CBWTF operator shall not be subletted/

contract vehicles should not be used by the CBWTF operator and all the

vehicles should be owned by the CBWTF operator and the vehicle

numbers should also be registered with the respective SPCB/PCC for the

purpose of collection of bio-medical waste from the member health care

facilities.

The bio-medical waste collected in coloured containers shall be

transported to the CBWTF in a fully covered vehicle. Such vehicle shall be

dedicated for transportation of bio-medical waste only. Depending upon

the volume of the wastes to be transported, the vehicle may be a three-

wheeler, light motor vehicle or heavy duty vehicle. In either case, the

vehicle must posses the following:

(a) Vehicle shall be fitted with GPS to track the movement of the

vehicle.

(b) Separate cabins shall be provided for driver/staff and the bio-

medical waste containers.

(c) The base of the waste cabin shall be leak proof to avoid pilferage of

liquid during transportation.

(d) The waste cabin may be designed for storing waste containers in

tiers and also should be provided with a lighting provision.

(e) The waste cabin shall be so designed that it is easy to wash and

disinfect.

(f) The inner surface of the waste cabin shall be made of smooth

surface to minimize water retention.

(g) The waste cabin shall have provisions for sufficient openings in the

rear and/or sides so that waste containers can be easily loaded and

unloaded.

19

(h) The vehicle shall be labeled with the bio-medical waste symbol (as

per the Schedule III of the Rules) and should display the name,

address and telephone number of the CBWTF.

(i) The vehicle driver should carry always valid registration of the

vehicle obtained from the concerned transport authority and also

carry valid pollution under control certificate issued by the

authorized certificate issuing agency.

Depending upon the area to be covered under the CBWTF, the route of

transportation shall be worked out. The transportation routes of the vehicle shall

be designed for optimum travel distance and to cover maximum number of

healthcare units. As far as possible, the transportation shall be carried out during

non-peak traffic hours. If the area to be covered is very large, a satellite station

may be established to store the bio-medical waste collected from the adjoining

areas. The wastes so stored at satellite station may then be transported to the

CBWTF in a big vehicle. It shall be ensured that the total time taken from

generation of bio-medical waste to its treatment, which also includes collection

and transportation time, shall not exceed 48 hours.

(11) DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE

Incineration ash, treated waste sharps, plastic waste, glass waste and sludge

from effluent treatment plant are generally generated from the CBWTF

from the treatment systems such as incineration, autoclaving/microwaving,

effluent treatment plant respectively. The treated bio-medical waste shall be

disposed as per the options suggested below

Sl. No.

Waste Category Suggested Disposal Options

1. Plastic wastes after disinfection and shredding

Sale to plastic waste recycler permitted by the SPCBs/PCCs for Recycling or municipal sanitary landfill

2. Disinfected Sharps (including needles and except syringes)

(i) If encapsulated, disposal in Municipal Sanitary Landfill shall be explored

(ii) If non-encapsulated Municipal landfill/ Possibility of recycling shall be explored

3. Incineration ash Secured landfill/ nearby HW TSDF depending on test report

4 Other treated solid wastes Municipal Sanitary Landfill

20

5. Oil & Grease Incineration

6. Treated waste water Sewer/drain or recycling/reuse

(12) COST TO BE CHARGED BY THE CBWTF OPERATOR FROM THE HEALTHCARE

UNITS:

Cost to be charged from the healthcare units plays an important role in

sustaining the project. The cost shall be so worked out that neither it becomes a

monopoly of the CBWTF operator nor the interest of the CBWTF operator is

overlooked. It is recommended that cost to be charged from the healthcare units

shall be worked out in consultation with the concerned State Pollution Control

Board (SPCB)/Pollution Control Committee (PCC) and the local Medical

Association, keeping in view the following options:

(i) Fixed charges in case of the nursing homes/clinics/Sample Collection

Centres/Dental Centres;

(ii) Fixed charges per bed basis to the low bed strength hospitals (upto 30

beds)

(iii) Charges based on the weight basis;

(iv) Charges to the hospitals having 30 or more beds.

(13) SETTING UP AND OPERATION OF CBWTF

Setting up and operating a CBWTF requires compliance with a number of

regulatory requirements/provisions. The important requirements/provisions are

listed below:

(i) Municipal Corporations, Municipal Body or Urban Local Bodies/State

Government, as the case may be, shall be responsible for providing

suitable common disposal/incineration sites for the bio-medical waste

generated in the area under their jurisdiction and in areas outside the

jurisdiction of any municipal body, it shall be the responsibility of the

occupier generating bio-medical waste/operator of a biomedical waste

treatment facility to arrange for suitable sites individually or in association,

Note: Rates are required to be revised once in two years considering the escalation in input costs such as diesel prices, electricity etc.,

21

so as to comply with the provisions of these rules (Bio-medical Waste

(Management & Handling) Rules).

(ii) The local body such as a Municipal Body or Urban Local Bodies/State

Government or any Private Entrepreneur, whoever wishes to set up a

CBWTF, shall submit a detailed work-plan of proposed CBWTF to the

concerned State Pollution Control Board (SPCB)/Pollution Control

Committee (PCC) for evaluation and issue of "Consent To Establish". The

work plan should include complete details of the project such as site

details, coverage area, infrastructure set up, transportation of bio-medical

waste, operating procedure etc.

(iii) The Operator of a Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility

(CBWTF) is also required to obtain ‘Environmental Clearance’ from

the MoEF in compliance to the Hon’ble NGT Order dated 28.11.2013,

prior to obtaining of ‘Consent to Establish’ from the respective

SPCB/PCC.

(iv) The SPCB/PCC upon receipt of such work-plan shall, review the proposal

and "Consent to Establish" shall be issued to the proponent with the

required conditions, only after fulfilling the requisite requirements by

the proponent.

(v) Once the proponent establishes the necessary infrastructure, the site and

the resources shall be inspected by the SPCB/PCC for the adequacy of the

facility/equipment. Upon satisfactory recommendation, the authorization

under the Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, shall be

issued with necessary condition to the proponent.

(vi) The SPCB/PCC shall ensure the operation of the CBWTF as per the

stipulated conditions and work-plan submitted by the proponent. The

SPCB/PCC shall also ensure regular inspection of the CBWTF.

(vii) It is the duty of the healthcare units to hand over the segregated bio-

medical waste to the CBWTF operator as per the Bio-medical Waste

(Management & Handling) Rules as well as compatible with treatment

facilities at CBWTF as suggested by the operator. The CBWTF operator

shall list out daily such healthcare units that are not handing over the

22

segregated bio-medical waste and the same shall be communicated to the

SPCB/PCC every week. The SPCB/PCC shall take an immediate action

against the defaulter healthcare units of such violation.

(viii) The CBWTF operator shall carry out following tests at least quarterly from

the approved laboratory and submit the quarterly report of the same to

the SPCB/PCC:

(a) Stack Emission Monitoring Test of the incinerator for parameters

such as Particulate Matter, HCl, NOx, CO, CO2 , O2 and combustion

efficiency as required under the Bio-medical Waste (Management &

Handling) Rules.

(b) Validation test of autoclave/microwave/hydroclave.

(c) VOCs in incineration ash

(d) The applicable parameters of any effluent being discharged from

the CBWTF.

(14) CHECK LIST FOR DEVELOPMENT OF CBWTF:

The criteria for development of CBWTF have been discussed in detail in the

previous sections. However, to have at a glance check in developing CBWTF,

checklist is reproduced for convenience and is annexed (Annexure-IV).

(15) PERIODIC INSPECTION/MONITORING OR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF

THE CBWTF:

To have uniformity in performance evaluation of the CBWTF throughout the

country, a check list for performance evaluation of the CBWTF for carrying out

inspection/monitoring/compliance verification has been prepared and is annexed

(Annexure –V). All the regulatory authority (SPCB/PCC) has to inspect the

CBWTFs at least once in six months located in the respective State/UT and a copy

of the reports are required to be submitted to the CPCB and MoEF along with a

copy of the action taken for ensuring compliance to the BMW Rules and CPCB

guidelines issued from time to time. Upon receipt of the inspection reports from

the SPCBs and PCCs, CPCB has to carryout random inspections within the next 3

months period.

23

-- OO --

24

Annexure –I

Design and Construction of Bio-medical Waste Incinerator

1. General

1. These guidelines shall be applicable only to the new installation of

incinerators. However, the existing incinerator shall be retrofitted with Air

Pollution Control Device as mentioned in these guidelines.

2. Incinerator shall be allowed only at Common Bio-medical Waste

Treatment Facility (CBWTF).

3. Installation of individual incineration facility by a healthcare unit shall be

discouraged as far as possible but approval may be granted only in certain

inevitable situations where no other option is available.

2. Incinerator

Following design criteria may be adopted for better performance:

i. The incinerator shall be designed for capacity more than 50 kg/hr. For 50

kg/hr capacity, the minimum hearth area shall be 0.75 sq. m (8 sq. feet)

and the minimum flow of the flue gas in the secondary chamber shall be

0.6m3/sec at 1050°C. Each incinerator must be installed with an air

pollution control system (as specified in the section 3).

ii. The size of the opening through which the waste is charged shall be larger

than the size of the waste bag to be fed. The volume of the primary

chamber shall be at least five times the volume of one batch.

iii. The double chamber incinerator shall preferably be designed on

"controlled-air" incineration principle, as particulate matter emission is low

in such incinerator. Minimum 100% excess air shall be used for overall

design. Air supply in the primary and secondary chamber shall be

regulated between 30%-80% and 170%-120%of stoichiometric amount

respectively. Primary air shall be admitted near / at the hearth for better

contact. Flow meter / suitable flow measurement device shall be provided

on the primary & secondary air ducting. The combustion air shall be

supplied through a separate forced draft fan after accounting for the air

supplied through burners. Optional: For higher capacity incinerators,

typically above 250 kg/hr, other design e.g. Rotary Kiln shall be

25

preferred, in case the total bio-medical waste treated in a batch (8

hour) is exceeding 2.5 Tons.

iv. A minimum negative draft of 1.27 to 2.54 mm of WC (Water Column)

shall be maintained in the primary chamber to avoid leakage of gaseous

emissions from the chamber and for safety reasons. Provision shall be

made in the primary chamber to measure the Water Column pressure.

v. The waste shall be fed into the incinerator in small batches after the fixed

interval of time in case of fixed hearth incinerator and continuous charging

using appropriate feeding mechanism in case of rotary kiln incinerator or

as recommended by the manufacturer. The size of the hearth i.e. primary

chamber shall be designed properly.

vi. The sides and the top portion of the primary and secondary chambers

shall preferably have rounded corner from inside to avoid possibility of

formation of black pockets/dead zones.

vii. The size of the secondary chamber shall be properly designed so as to

facilitate a minimum of one second of residence time to gas flow. For the

estimation of residence time in the secondary chamber its volume shall be

calculated starting from the secondary burner tip to the thermocouple.

viii. The refractory lining of the chamber shall be strong enough to sustain

minimum temperature of 1000° C in the primary chamber and 1200° C in

the secondary chamber. The refractory & insulation bricks shall have

minimum 115 mm thickness each & conform to IS:8-1983 & IS:2042-1972

respectively.

ix. The Incinerator shell shall be made of mild steel plate of adequate

thickness (minimum 5 mm thick) & painted externally with heat resistant

aluminum paint suitable to withstand temperature of 250°C with proper

surface preparation. Refractory lining of the hot duct shall be done with

refractory castable (minimum 45 mm thick) & insulating castable

(minimum 80 mm thick). Ceramic wool shall be used at hot duct flanges &

expansion joints.

x. The thermocouple location shall be as follows: In Primary chamber- Before

admission of secondary air In Secondary chamber - At the end of

secondary chamber or before admission of dilution medium to cool the

gas

xi. There shall be a separate burner each for the Primary & Secondary

chamber. The heat input capacity of each burner shall be sufficient to raise

the temperature in the primary and secondary chambers as 800±50°C and

1050±50°C respectively within maximum of 60 minutes prior to waste

charging. The burners shall have automatic switching "off/on" control to

26

avoid the fluctuations of temperatures beyond the required temperature

range.

(a) Each burner shall be equipped with spark igniter and main burner.

(b) Proper flame safeguard of the burner shall be installed.

(c) Provide view ports to observe flame of the burner.

(d) Flame of the primary burner

shall be pointing towards the centre of the hearth.

shall be having a length such that it touches the waste but

does not impinge directly on the refractory floor or wall.

The secondary burner shall be positioned in such a way that

the flue gas passes through the flame.

xii. There shall not be any manual handling during charging of waste in to the

primary chamber of the incinerator. The waste shall be charged in bags

through automatic feeding device at the manufacturer's recommended

intervals ensuring no direct exposure of furnace atmosphere to the

operator. The device shall prevent leak age of the hot flue gas & any

backfire. The waste shall be introduced on the hearth in such a way so as

to prevent the heap formation. Suitable raking arrangement shall be

provided for uniform spreading of waste on the hearth.

xiii. A tamper-proof PLC (Programmable Logic Control) based control system

shall be installed to prevent:

(a) Waste charging until the required temperature in the chambers are

attained during beginning of the operation of the incinerator.

(b) Waste charging unless primary & secondary chambers are

maintained at the specified temperature range.

(c) Waste charging in case of any unsafe conditions such as - very high

temperature in the primary & secondary chambers; failure of the

combustion air fan, ID fan, recirculation pump; low water pressure&

high temperature of the flue gas at the outlet of air pollution

control device.

xiv. The incineration system must have an emergency vent. The emergency

vent shall remain closed i.e it shall not emit flue gases during normal

operation of the incinerator.

xv. Each incineration system shall have graphic or computer recording devices

which shall automatically and continuously monitor and record dates, time

27

of day, batch sequential number and operating parameters such as

temperatures in both the chambers. CO, CO2

, and O2

in gaseous emission

shall also be measured daily (at least ½ hour at one minute interval).

xvi. The possibility of providing heat recovery system/heat exchanger with the

incinerator shall also be considered wherever possible.

xvii. Structural design of the chimney / stack shall be as per IS: 6533-1989. The

chimney/stack shall be lined from inside with minimum of 3 mm thick

natural hard rubber suitable for the duty conditions and shall also conform

to IS:4682 Part I-1968 to avoid corrosion due to oxygen and acids in the

flue gas.

xviii. The location and specification of porthole, platform ladder etc. shall be as

per the Emission Regulations, Part-3 (COINDS/20/1984-85), published

by CPCB.

3. Air Pollution Control Device

It is not possible to comply with the emission limit of 150 mg/Nm3 (corrected to

12% CO2) for Particulate Matter, without Air Pollution Control Device (APCD).

Therefore, a bio-medical waste incinerator shall always be equipped with APCD.

i. No incinerator shall be allowed to operate unless equipped with APCD.

ii. The incinerator shall be equipped with High Pressure Venturi Scrubber

System as ordinary APCD such as wet scrubber or cyclonic separator

cannot achieve the prescribed emission limit. For the facilities operating

for 24 hrs a day, APCD in terms of quenching followed by cyclone

separator, dry lime injection & activated carbon followed by bag filter can

be considered.

iii. The details of High Pressure Venturi Scrubber System as given below:

(a) The venturi scrubber shall have minimum pressure drop of 350 mm

WC to achieve the prescribed emission limit. The temperature of

the flue gas at the outlet of the venturi scrubber shall be approx.

70-80° C to ensure the saturation of the flue gas.

(b) The venturi scrubber shall preferably be made of stainless steel -

316L grade or better material or mild steel lined with acid resistant

bricks to avoid corrosion.

(c) The water to be used in venturi scrubber shall be added with caustic

soda solution to maintain the pH of the scrubbing liquid above 6.5.

28

(d) The scrubbing medium shall be circulated @ 2-2.5 ltrs/m3 of

saturated flue gas at venturi outlet. This shall be done using a pump

& piping made of stainless steel -316 grades or better material. The

scrubbing medium shall be recirculated as far as possible.

(e) Venturi scrubber shall be followed by centrifugal type droplet

separator to remove water droplets from flue gas.

(f) The material of construction of the droplet separator and

interconnecting ducting from venturi scrubber to droplet separator,

droplet separator to ID fan & ID fan to stack, shall be mild steel

lined from inside with minimum 3 mm thick natural hard rubber

suitable for the duty conditions and shall also conform to IS: 4682

Part I-1968 to avoid corrosion due to oxygen and acids in the wet

flue gas.

(g) The wastewater generated from the air pollution control device

shall be properly handled so as to avoid any non-compliance of the

regulatory requirements.

(h) Stack emission monitoring and ash analysis as per the requirement

of the Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998,

shall be done quarterly i.e. once in every three months and record

shall be maintained by the facility operator.

4. Incinerator room and waste storage room

i. The incinerator structure shall be built in a room with proper roofing and

cross ventilation. There shall be minimum of 1.5 m clear distance in all the

directions from the incinerator structure to the wall of the incinerator

room.

ii. Adjacent to the incinerator room, there shall be a waste storage area. It

shall be properly ventilated and so designed that waste can be stored in

racks and washing can be done very easily. The waste storage room shall

be washed and chemically disinfected daily.

iii. The floor and inner wall of the incinerator and storage rooms shall have

outer covering of impervious and glazed material so as to avoid retention

of moisture and for easy cleaning.

iv. The incineration ash shall be stored in a closed sturdy container in a

masonry room to avoid any pilferage. Finally, the ash shall be disposed in a

secured landfill.

5. Operator of the incinerator

29

i. A skilled person shall be designated to operate and maintain the

incinerator. The operator shall have adequate qualification in relevant

subject and shall be trained and certified by the incinerator supplier in

operation & maintenance of the incinerator.

ii. There shall be at least one assistant designated at the incinerator plant to

keep track of the wastes, records of incinerator operation, cleanliness of

the surrounding area and incinerator & waste storage room. They shall

also take care of waste charging and incineration ash disposal.

iii. All the staff at the incinerator plant shall put on protective gears such as

gumboots, gloves, eye glasses, etc. for safety reasons.

iv. Any accident occurred shall immediately be reported to the facility

operator. The facility operator shall have well defined strategies to deal

with such accident/emergency.

[The guidelines will help in selection/installation of better incinerator system.

However, it shall be ensured that the incinerator shall comply with the standards

stipulated in the Bio-medical Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1998.]

-- OO --

Note:

The incinerator should be procured only from the manufacturing unit

having registered under the Factories Act, 1948 and Companies Act, 1956.

30

Annexure-II

Format for maintaining the Records by the CBWTF Operator alongwith the Vehicle used for collection of bio-medical waste from the member HCFs

Name of the CBWTF :

Address of the CBWTF with contact details :

Vehicle Registration Number (certificate to be carried by the vehicle driver) :

Route covered (indicate places ) by the vehicle :

Date Time

of

arrival

of the

vehicle

Vehicle Speedometer

mileage readings in

KM

Name of the HCF from

whom waste collected

Category-wise quantity of bio-medical waste

received in kg

Name of

the

Vehicle

driver

Signatures

Yellow Red

Blue

Out dated

medicines

Waste

Sharps

Vehicle

Driver

Representative

of the HCF

Initial Final

31

Annexure -III

Log book for Operating the Incinerator

Date Time Quantity

of BMW

charged

in one

hour in

Kg

Temperature maintained

in O C

Negative

draft in

primary

chamber

(in mm

of water

column)

Pressure

drop

across

venture

scrubber

(in mm

of water

column)

pH

level of

scrubbed

liquid

Average values of flue

gas analysis results

observed during the

incineration process

Consumption of electricity

and Diesel

Net

Quantity

of waste

received

in Kg

Net

Quantity

of Waste

left over

in Kg

(17)=

(16) – (3)

Primary

Chamber

Secondary

Chamber

After

scrubbing

in exit

stack gas

CO

in

mg/Nm3

O2

in %

CO2

in %

Power (indicate electricity

meter reading)

Diesel

in

liters

Initial

reading

Final

reading

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) 14) (15) (16) (17)

Log Book for Operating the Autoclave

Date

Time

Batch

number

Quantity of

waste

feeding per

batch in Kg

Temperature and Pressure in

every ten minutes

Strip test result

(indicate for

each batch with

a proof)

Consumption of electricity and

Diesel

Net Quantity

of waste

received in

Kg

Net Quantity of

Waste

left over in Kg

(12)= (11) – (4)

Temperature

in O C

Pressure

in psi

Power (indicate

electricity meter

reading)

Diesel in

liters

Initial

reading

Final

reading

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

32

Annexure -IV

CHECK LIST FOR DEVELOPMENT OF A

COMMON BIO-MEDICAL WASTE TREATMENT FACILITY & FOR ISSUING ‘CONSENT

TO ESTABLISHMENT’ UNDER WATER & AIR ACTS

1. Name of the Proponent :

2. Proposed location of the CBWTF :

3. No. of HCFs in the locality :

4. No. beds :

5. Total Bio-medical Waste Generation in kg/day :

(i) Incinerable in kg/day :

(ii) Autoclavable in kg/day :

(iii) Glass waste in kg/day :

(iv) Waste sharps in kg/day :

6. Proposed location of the CBWTF: located away from

a) Residential area :

b) Sensitive area :

c) Industrial area : Yes

d) Is it located at a distance 1 KM :

from residential & sensitive area

e) Is it as a part of TSDF :

f) Is the facility proposed in Metropolitan city:

g) Is the facility proposed in Hilly Region :

7. Proposed land for CBWTF:

a) Area about 1 acre :

b) Area less than 1 Acre :

c) Area more than 1 Acre :

8. Proposed coverage area of the CBWTF:

a) Any facility located : Yes

upto a radius of 150 KM

33

from the proposed locality

b) No. of beds covered by the existing facility/proposed facility:

(i) more than 10, 000 beds :

(ii) less than 10,000 beds :

c) Is there any CBWTF within the radius of 150 KM:

d) Is locality requires any additional capacity (within a radius of 150 KMs) ?.

:

(i) If so, indicate reason: …...……………………………………..

9. Requirement of Treatment Facility: Following treatment facilities shall be

provided in any common facility:

a) Autoclave (Pre-vaccum horizontal feeding) / Hydroclave / Microwave.

:

a) Incineration (for waste belonging to categories 1, 2 and 5 only.)

: Yes

b) Shredder :

c) Sharp pit (with drawing details) :

d) Encapsulation/Recovery of metal in some factory:

e) in washing/floor washing/vehicle washing:

f) Effluent Treatment Plant :

g) Secured land fill/Disposal of ash in TSDF:

10. Segregation

(i). Segregation shall be as per the Bio-medical Waste (M & H) Rules, 1998 as

amended as well as compatible with treatment facilities at CBWTF as

suggested by the operator

(ii). Generator is responsible for providing segregated waste to the operator.

(iii). The operator shall not accept un-segregated waste and report the matter

to the prescribed authority.

11. Collection

(i) Respective coloured bags should be kept in similar coloured container i.e.

coloured bags shall not be directly kept in vehicle.

34

(ii) Sharps shall be collected in puncture resistant containers.

(iii) Temporary storage at healthcare unit shall be designated.

12. Transport Vehicle

(I) Dedicated vehicles for collection of Bio-Medical Waste.

(II) Separate cabins shall be provided for driver/staff and the bio-

medical waste containers.

(III) The base of the waste cabin shall be leak proof to avoid pilferage of

liquid during transportation.

(IV) The waste cabin may be designed for storing waste containers in

tiers.

(V) The waste cabin shall be so designed that it is easy to wash and

disinfect.

(VI) The inner surface of the waste cabin shall be made of smooth

surface to minimize water retention.

(VII) The waste cabin shall have provisions of sufficient openings in the

rear and/or sides so that waste containers can be easily loaded and

unloaded.

(VIII) The vehicle shall be labeled with the bio-medical waste symbol (as

per the Schedule III of Rules) and should display the name, address

and telephone number of the CBWTF.

13. Storage

(I) Sufficient ventilated storage space for untreated and treated bio-

medical waste shall be provided.

(II) The flooring and walls (to a height of 2M from floor) shall be

finished with smooth and fine material. There shall be minimum

number of joints.

14. Record Keeping

(I) Documents such as collection advice taken from health care units for each

category of waste, records of waste movements, logbook for the

equipment and site records shall be maintained.

(II) All the record shall be available at the CBWTF site for inspection.

:

15. Proposed Treated Waste Disposal method:

35

(i). Incineration ash - Secured landfill/near by TSDF:

(ii). Treated solid waste - Municipal landfill :

(iii). Plastic waste after disinfection and shredding – Registered Recycling Unit

or municipal landfill :

(iv). Sharps, after disinfection ( if encapsulated ) - Municipal landfill

:

(v). Treated wastewater - Sewer/drain or recycling :

(vi). (vi) Oil & grease – incineration: :

16. Estimated energy consumption and fuel consumption per month :

(i) Estimated energy consumption per month

(a) General lighting in the facility :

(b) Incinerator :

(c) Autolcave/microwave :

(d) Shredder :

(e) ETP :

(f) Any other :

(ii) Estimated fuel consumption:

(a) Diesel consumption :………… in Kl per month

(b) No. of hours of operation of DG Set :

(c) No. of hours of incineration :

17. Whether the proponent obtained necessary approvals from the concerned

departments as required :

(i) If yes, attach details

18. Whether the proposal recommended for issuing consent to establish

::

36

(Signature of the official verified with date)

37

Annexure -V

Check List for Performance Evaluation of the

Common Bio-medical Waste Treatment Facility (CBWTF)

S.No. Details Particulars

01. Name of CBWTF with

contact details

:

02. Date of visit :

03. Location details of the

CBWTF

: a) In /near to Residential area:

b) In/near Sensitive area:

c) In Industrial area :

d) Is it located at a distance at least 1 KM

from residential & sensitive area:

Indicate exact distance: in KM

e) Is it as a part of TSDF:

f) Is the facility proposed in Metropolitan

city:

(i)Name of the City: ………………………

g) Is the facility proposed in Hilly Region

:

(i)Name of the City: ………………………

04 Month / year of

establishment and the

Consents status

: Establishment Month/Year :

05. CBWTF set up by :

06. CBWTF operated by :

07. Total number of

healthcare facilities

and beds covered (as

on date of visit)

: No. of HCFs :

No. of Beds :

No. of beds upto 150 KM radius :

No. of beds more than 150 KM radius:

08. Total Bio-medical

Waste Treatment

: Incineration :

Autoclave :

38

Capacity of CBWTF (in

kg / day)

Any other treatment and disposal:

09. Consents and Authorization details :

9.1

Consent under Water

(Prevention and

Control of Pollution)

Act, 1974

: □ Applied for □ Possess Valid Consent

□ Not renewed □ No consent

If obtained: Consent is valid upto ………………. and

issued by ……………………………..SPCB/PCC vide

letter dated ………………

9.2

Consent under Air

(Prevention and

Control of Pollution)

Act, 1981

: □ Applied for □ Possess Valid Consent

□ Not renewed □ No consent

If obtained: Consent is valid upto ………………. and

issued by ……………………………..SPCB/PCC vide

letter dated ……………………

9.3 Environmental

Clearance ( EC)

□ Applied for □ Not applied

□ Obtained □ Not obtained

If obtained: EC issued by MoEF vide letter

dated ……………………

9.4

Authorization under

BMW Rules, 1998

: □ Applied for □ Possess Valid Consent

□ Not renewed □ No consent

If obtained: Consent is valid upto ………………. and

issued by ……………………………..SPCB/PCC vide

letter dated …………………………

10. Investment in setting

up the CBWTF

:

11. Area of plot size for

CBWTF (Sq. ft.)

:

12 Annual Report

submission

for the year ………….

: Submitted before due date : :Yes

If yes, provide details of waste collected, received

and treated & disposed of: ………….,

…………………, ………………. & ……………………..

12. Coverage area of

CBWTF (radius in KM

covered)

: Coverage area upto 150 km radius:

13. Name of

Districts/Cities / places

being covered

:

14. Daily operation : Collection : …am to …. pm.

39

schedule (timings) Incineration :….AM to ….PM

15. Cost charged to the

healthcare facilities

:

16. Total quantity of bio-medical waste treated: kg/day (avg.)

16.1 Incinerable : …………. %

16.2 Autoclaving : ………….%

16.3 Others (please specify) : ………….%

17. Staff involvement in CBWTF operation (number of persons):

17.1 Managerial /

Administration

:

17.2 Equipment operations :

17.3 Transportation of

BMW

:

17.4 Sanitation and others :

17.5 Total persons

excluding managers

:

18.0 Collection and Transportation of bio-medical waste from member HCFs :

18.1 No. of Vehicles used

for collection of waste

from member HCFs

:

18.2 Vehicles are labeled as

per BMW Rules

:

18.3 Vehicles used are as

per CPCB Guidelines

:

19.0 Temporary untreated

waste storage area

: □ Satisfactory □ No satisfactory

20.0 Mode of conveyance

of bio-medical waste

from untreated waste

storage area to the

treatment equipment

within the CBWTF

: □ Closed Trolley/Pull cart with bio-hazard

symbol

□ No Closed Trolley/Pull cart

□ Others like ………

21.0 Treatment equipment installed at CBWTF

21.1 Incinerator capacity

and make

: …………. kg /hr.

21.2 Daily Operation

schedule of the

incinerator (timings)

:

40

21.3 Consumption of

auxiliary fuels

: S.

No

Type of

Fuel

Consumption

Quantity in

liters per day

Bill numbers

of purchase of

fuel

a)

b)

c)

d)

21.4 Stack attached with the

incinerator

: Diameter: m Height : m

21.5 Monitoring provision

attached with the

stack

: □ Platform □ Porthole □ access to the

platform

21.6 Is stack monitoring

provision satisfactory

and as per CPCB

guidelines

: □ Yes □ No

21.7 air pollution control

systems attached with

the incinerator

: Quenching : □ Yes □ No

Venturi scrubber : □ Yes □ No

Droplet separator : □ Yes □ No

Mist eliminator : □ Yes □ No

ID Fan : □ Yes □ No

Any other : □ Yes □ No

21.8 Waste feeding

mechanism

: Manual feeding : □ Yes □ No

Automatic feeding : □ Yes □ No

21.9 Is PLC and automatic

recording system (for

recording operating

parameters of the

incinerator) attached

with the incinerator

: (i) PLC synchronized with waste feeding

mechanism & in working condition: □ Yes

□ No

(I) PLC synchronized with recording system

attached with incinerator and in working

condition:

□ Yes □ No

21.10 Operational conditions

of the Incineration as

observed during the

: Temp. in Primary Chamber (range) :

Temp. in Secondary Chamber (range):

Negative draft in Primacy Chamber :

41

visit …………….mm of WC

Pressure drop in the Venturi :

…………… mm of WC

21.11 Is on-line monitoring

system/Flue gas

analyser attached with

the incinerator for flue

gas analysis

( i.e CO, O2 and CO2)

: (i) Online monitoring system attached with

incinerator:

□ Yes □ No

(ii) Flue gas analyser attached with the

incinerator:

□ Yes □ No

(iii) Observed values of flue gas parameters:

CO2: ……….. % ; O2: % : and CO:

21.12 Fire safety measures

adopted at the diesel

storage and other

important areas

: □ Yes □ No

21.13 Log book for operation

of the incinerator is

maintained and

satisfactory

: □ Yes □ No

21.14 Details of heat

recovery system

installed with

incinerator

: □ Yes □ No

22.00 Capacity of autoclave

and-- make

: Autoclave of capacity ……..kg/cycle and make

…………………. installed.

22.1 Operating conditions

of utoclave/microwave

as observed during the

visit

: Temperature : in OC

Pressure : in psi

Residence time : in minutes

22.2 Provision made for the

autoclave /micorwave

: Trolley for waste feeding :

□ Yes □ No

Graphic or computer recording device attached:

□ Yes □ No

22.3 Spore test or strip test

conducted regularly

and records

maintained

: □ Yes □ No

42

22.4 Performance of

autoclaving by spore

testing or routine test

: □ Satisfactory □ Not satisfactory

22.5 Log book maintained

for autoclave is

satisfactory

: □ Yes □ No

23.0 Capacity of shredder

and make

: ….. kg/hr. Self designed & got fabricated locally.

24.0 Details of sharp pit /

Encapsulation facility

: Sharp Pit provided : □ Yes □ No

Is it as per CPCB guideline : □ Yes □ No

Records maintained : □ Yes □ No

Total quantity of waste sharps stored:

Total quantity of waste sharps treated and

disposed:

25.0 Water Balance

25.1 Source and quantity of

water intake per day

(cu.m / day)

: Water consumption source:

Water is drawn at ….. KLD approximately.

Is magnetic flow meter attached to the water

source/water storage tank : □ Yes □ No

S.N

o

Month Magnetic flow meter

reading

Initial Final

(1) Previous month

…………………….

(2) On the date of

visit:…………..

If water requirement is met from outside

through tankers, provide following details:

No. of Tankers procured in a previous six

months:

Total quantity of water consumed during the

previous six months : .. ….. in KLD

25.2 Break up of water

usage (such as

washing, scrubbing

etc.)

: Scrubber – KL/hr or KLD

Washing – KLD

Disinfections – KLD

Gardening – KLD

Domestic – KLD

43

26.0 Total wastewater

effluent generated

per day

: About ………….KLD generated

Quantity of treated water reused/recycled in %:

Any other mode of disposal:

27. Effluent treatment plant details

27.1

ETP Capacity

: …………………. KL/Cycle

27.2

Flow Chart of ETP

:

ETP comprising of :

………………………………………………...........

……………………………………………………….

………………………………………………………..

………………………………………. Unit operations

27.3

Intake and Discharge

of ETP

: (i) Magnetic Flow measuring device provided

at the outlet of ETP: □ Yes □ No

(ii) Energy meter attached to the ETP:

□ Yes □ No

(iii) Energy consumed over a period of one

month:

= ………………… Units

(iv) pH meter attached at the outlet of ETP:

□ Yes □ No

27.4

Final mode of disposal

of treated water

: (i) Treated water is reused in the scrubber:

□ Yes □ No

(ii) Treated water is reused for gardening:

□ Yes □ No

(iii) Treated water is discharged in drain:

□ Yes □ No

(iv) Treated water is discharged in open area:

□ Yes □ No

28. Status of infrastructure (Yes / No)

28.1 Separate treatment

equipment room

: □ Yes □ No

28.2 Main waste storage

room

: □ Yes □ No

28.3 Treated waste storage

room

: □ Yes □ No

28.4 Administrative room : □ Yes □ No

44

28.5 Generator set : □ Yes □ No

(i) Capacity :

(ii) Stack attached as

per DG Set norms

: □ Yes □ No

(iii) Acoustic

enclosure

provided as per

DG Set norms

: □ Yes □ No

(iv) Is DG Set

complying to the

emissions norms

: □ Yes □ No

(v) Is DG Set

complying to the

noise level as per

Norms

: □ Yes □ No

28.6 Site security (high

walls, fencing, guarded

gates etc.)

: High walls on all four sides : □ Yes □ No

Fencing on all the sides : □ Yes □ No

Guarded Gates : □ Yes □ No

28.7 Parking facility : □ Yes □ No

28.8 Sign board : □ Yes □ No

28.9 Green belt : □ Yes □ No

28.10 Washing room : □ Yes □ No

28.11 First aid box : □ Yes □ No

28.12 Lighting arrangements

in the facility

: □ Yes □ No

28.13 Odour problem

remedial

: □ Yes □ No

28.14 Fire fighting and

emergency facilities

: □ Yes □ No

28.15 Measures for control

of pests / insects etc.

: □ Yes □ No

28.16 Protective gear for

waste handlers

:

28.17 Telephone facility :

29. Record keeping details

29.1 Waste Movement

/Manifest record

: □ Yes □ No

29.2 Log book for : □ Yes □ No

45

treatment equipment

29.3 Site records : □ Yes □ No

29.4 Incineration ash

generation and final

disposal records

: □ Yes □ No

29.5 Treated plastic waste

generation and its sale

to the registered

recycler

: □ Yes □ No

29.6 Syringes treated and

its final disposal record

: □ Yes □ No

30. Collection and transportation status (Yes / No)*

30.1 Whether waste

collected in a

container of similar

colour with label as

per the Rules?

: □ Yes □ No

30.2 Whether the person

who collects BMW

maintain a register

with him / her?

: □ Yes □ No

30.3 Has due attention

have been given in

vehicles to prevent

spillage / pilferage/

loading / unloading

etc.?

: □ Yes □ No

30.4 Is the vehicle labeled

with the symbol and

display the name,

address, telephone

number etc.?

: □ Yes □ No

30.5 Does the CBWTF

operator use satellite

station to store the

waste? If yes, give

details

: □ Yes □ No

30.6 The CBWTF operator

collects waste daily or

: □ Yes □ No

46

alternate day?

Whether criterion of

48 hours is complied?

31. Disposal of treated waste:

31.1 Plastic waste after

treatment

:

31.2 Treated sharps :

31.3 Incineration ash :

31.4 Other treated solid

wastes

:

31.5 Oil & grease :

31.6 Treated wastewater :

32. Frequency of

incinerator / autoclave

/ microwave /

hydroclave / ETP

discharge effluent

testing and name of

the laboratory (specify

approved or not). Give

details of compliance /

non-compliance)

: The reported frequency of monitoring was: -

Stack monitoring : Monthly/Quarterly/Yearly

Waste water : Monthly/Quarterly/Yearly

Incineration ash : Monthly/Quarterly/Yearly

Copies of the analysis reports of treated effluent,

incinerated ash, stack monitoring ………….

32.1

Frequency of site

inspection by

SPCBs/PCCs/CPCB/any

other agencies

: …………… …….no. of times in a year by

……………………………SPCB/PCC/CPCB

33. Monitoring Results :

33.1 Incinerator stack

emission (parameters

stipulated in the Rules,

temperature

attainment in the

chambers, residence

time in the secondary

chamber etc.)

:

Date of monitoring:

All values are in mg/Nm3, except CE

Parameter PM SO2 HCl NOx C.E.

Date

LIMIT 150 --- 50 450 99.99%

33.2 Incineration ash

characteristics

: Characteristics as per Schedule –II of HWM

Rules:

47

…………………………………………

Is it hazardous waste as per HWM Rules:

□ Yes □ No

33.3 ETP inlet/outlet

characteristics

:

All values are in mg/l except pH

Parameter pH TSS COD BOD O&G

ETP Inlet

Result

ETP Outlet

Result

34. Name of the officials

inspected /monitored

the facility

:

35. Any other relevant

observations