Guided Reading: AMSCO Chapter 2 United States History: Preparing for the Advanced Placement Examination

By John J. Newman and John M. Schmalback, 2010 Revised edition

Directions: Read chapter 2 in your AMSCO book, and complete this guide along the way. If you do not have an

AMSCO guide, use other resources such as your textbook or a reliable history website to investigate and study and

process items within this document.

1. Pre-Read: Read the prompts/questions within this guide before you read a chapter. 2. Skim: Flip through the chapter and note titles and subtitles. Look at images and read

captions. Get a feel for the content you are about to read. 3. Read & Analyze: Read the chapter. Highlight key events and people as you read. Highlight main

ideas. Remember, the goal is not to “fish” for a specific answer(s) to questions, but to consider questions in order to critically understand what you read.

4. Write Write notes and analysis. (print guide, complete it in INK if you wish to use it on the quiz. If you do not wish to use it on the quiz you may create an electronic file to be added to your notebook.) Answers do not have to be in complete sentences. Simple lists, bulleted points, or phrases are adequate for most questions.

1. Begin reading on page 23.

Identify and explain the three types of colonies that developed from 1607-1750 along the east coast.

(13 British colonies)

Three Types of Colonies How they developed…

Corporate Colonies

Royal Colonies

Proprietary Colonies

The 13 British Colonies differed from the Spanish and French colonies because…

2. Compare the creation of Jamestown to the creation of Maryland. Explain the reasons for the difference. (Remember it’s not enough to know the similarities and differences… you must be able to explain and understand the significance of those similarities and

differences.)

3. Compare the role of religion in Maryland to the role of religion in Massachusetts. Explain the significance

of these differences.

4. To what extent was Maryland’s Act of Toleration the first colonial act of religious tolerance? (Remember when you are assessing “to what extent” you must clearly state the extent… For example, “to a small extent…” or “to a large extent….”

5. Analyze the main political and economic challenges that Virginia faced during the late 17th

century. (Remember when you are “analyzing” you are not just listing or identifying… you are identifying PLUS explaining cause/effect and significance to history.)

POLITICAL CHALLENGE(s)… ECONOMIC CHALLENGE(s)…

Attempted Solutions: Attempted Solutions:

Impact on Colony and on future nation: Impact on Colony and on future nation:

6. Assess the legacy of Bacon’s Rebellion.

Positive or Negative Legacy? ______________________

Evidence to support assessment: Evidence to support the opposite assessment:

(1) (1)

(2) (2)

(3) (3)

7. Complete the following by adding your notes to the shaded sections of the timeline.

The first slaves arrived in 1619. How did these first “slaves” differ from later slaves?

By 1750, 50% of Virginia’s population and 2/3 of South Carolina’s population were slaves.

The three main reasons for this growth are:

(1)

(2)

(3)

1607

Jamestown became the first

permanent English colony in

North America.

1612

John Rolfe helps Virginia

become a profitable colony

thanks to cash crop: tobacco

1612-1676

Tobacco plantation labor supply

dependent on…

The Headright System attracted

immigrants by…

1676

1676-onward

Plantation labor shifts from

indentured servants to African

slaves.

8. Assess the following statement: The Puritans came to America for religious freedom, but they refused to grant

non-Puritans religious freedom in their new home.

Assessment: True or False?

Evidence to support your assessment:

(3)

(4)

(5)

9. Compare the New England colonies by completing the chart below.

New England

Colonies

Founded In

Founded By

Founded For

Significant People

and Events

Massachusetts

(united as Royal

Colony)

Plymouth

Salem & Mass. Bay

1691

1620

1626/1630

Virginia Company of

London;

Pilgrims/Separatists,

Puritans, and others

Religious freedom

(Puritans) and

economic motives

Mayflower Compact

Miles Standish

William Bradford

First Thanksgiving

John Winthrop

Great Migration

Rhode Island

Connecticut

New Hampshire

Image Source: public domain, wiki commons

10. Look at the map above. What conflicts can you predict based on the information provided?

11. What characteristics make New England unique from the Southern and Middle Colonies?

12. Identify the cause and effect of the Halfway Covenant. (If you are able to identify the cause and effect of something… you are able to explain the significance of it!)

Caused by… Effect on New England…

13. Identify the cause and effect of the New England Confederation.

Caused by… Effect on New England…

14. Compare the Southern colonies by completing the chart below.

Southern

Colonies

Founded In

Founded By

Founded For

Significant People

and Events

Virginia

1607

Virginia Company of

London

economic motives

(gold and then

agriculture)

House of Burgesses

John Smith

Pocahontas

John Rolfe

First Slaves

First Royal Colony

(1624)

Headright System

Bacon’s Rebellion

Maryland

South Carolina

Continued on next page…

Southern

Colonies

Founded In

Founded By

Founded For

Significant People

and Events

North Carolina

Georgia

15. Explain how and why New Amsterdam became New York.

16. Explain how and why New York became New York and New Jersey.

17. Compare the Middle colonies by completing the chart below.

Middle

Colonies

Founded In

Founded By

Founded For

Significant People

and Events

New York

New Jersey

Pennsylvania

Delaware

18. Compare Puritans in New England to Quakers in Pennsylvania by completing the chart below.

Facts New England Puritans Pennsylvania Quakers

Religious

Beliefs

Motivations for

migrating to the

“New World”

Religious

Tolerance

Leaders

Treatment of

Native

Americans

Impact on the

development of

the 13 Colonies

(and eventual

United States)

19. Define Mercantilism.

The Great Migration was…

Explain how England implemented its mercantile plan and how they impacted the colonies…

Acts of Trade and Navigation…

(1)

(2)

(3)

Impact of Navigation Acts on Colonies…

Positive effects

(1)

(2)

(3)

Negative effects

(1)

(2)

(3)

20. To what extent were the Navigation Acts prior to 1754 effectively enforced?

Enforced to a small extent or to a great extent? ____________________

Evidence to support your assessment:

(1)

(2)

(3)

Mercantilism is…

The purpose of the colonies, therefore, was…

21. Complete the following by adding your notes to the shaded sections of the timeline.

22. Triangular Trade reflects the

economy of England

(mercantilism; colonies). Using the

information from your reading as

well as the map at right, explain

how this economic action impacted

England, Africa, and North

America.

Triangular Trade impacted England by…

Image Source: public domain, wiki commons

Triangular Trade impacted Africa by… Triangular Trade impacted North America by…

1650

England begins implementing

its mercantile plan by passing

Navigation Acts

1650-1684

Corruption and resistance

frustrate England (Navigation

Acts not being followed) 1684

King Charles II responds by

1685

King James II responds by

1688

The Glorious Revolution ousts

James II and William and Mary

become the new monarchs…

ending Dominion of New

England and colonies continued

t find ways around the Acts.

23. To what extent was the demand for slaves responsible for the development of Triangular Trade?

The increasing demand for slaves was responsible for the development of Triangular Trade…

to a small extent or to a large extent?

Evidence to support your assessment: Evidence to support the alternative view:

(1) (1)

(2) (2)

(3) (3)

24. Explain how the evolving Slave Laws changed the lot of African Slaves from indentured servitude to

permanent bondage during the 17th

century.

25. Look at the list of terms on page 36. List and define any that you do not yet know.

AMSCO Chapter 1 Terms to Know Definitions and Historical Significance

26. After you finish reading pages 1-13, flip back to page xxxi of the Introduction and read the section titled

“Answering the Multiple-Choice Questions.”

DISREGARD #2 in the list of suggestions. YOU CAN GUESS ON MULTIPLE CHOICE.

THERE IS NO GUESSING PENALTY. Mark this out in your book.

Now, turn to page 113 and answer the 10 practice questions. Record your answers in corresponding boxes below.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

27. Using the A.P.P.A.R.T.S. strategy of document analysis, analyze documents A, B, C on pages 38-41.

Document A: The New England Confederation

Author – Who is the speaker?

Place and Time-When was this

written/said? What else was going on?

Prior Knowledge - What else was going

on? What other historical events are

connected

to this?

Audience – Who is the intended

audience? Who is being spoken to?

Reason – What is the purpose? Why was

this said/written?

The Main Idea- Summarize the author’s

point. What is this about?

Significance-Why is this important?

What impact did it have?

Document B: Penn’s Plan of Union

Author – Who is the speaker?

Place and Time-When was this

written/said? What else was going on?

Prior Knowledge - What else was going

on? What other historical events are

connected

to this?

Audience – Who is the intended

audience? Who is being spoken to?

Reason – What is the purpose? Why was

this said/written?

The Main Idea- Summarize the author’s

point. What is this about?

Significance-Why is this important?

What impact did it have?

Document C: The Albany Plan of Union

Author – Who is the speaker?

Place and Time-When was this

written/said? What else was going on?

Prior Knowledge - What else was going

on? What other historical events are

connected

to this?

Audience – Who is the intended

audience? Who is being spoken to?

Reason – What is the purpose? Why was

this said/written?

The Main Idea- Summarize the author’s

point. What is this about?

Significance-Why is this important?

What impact did it have?

28. Create a map of the 13 Colonies. Recommendations: label colonies, use color to illustrate the three colonial regions, create a key, and write a caption

summarizing the significance of the map.

Massachusetts New Hampshire

Connecticut Rhode Island

New York New Jersey

Pennsylvania Delaware

Virginia Maryland

North Carolina South Carolina

Georgia New Spain

New France

Maine (part of Massachusetts – not a colony)

Vermont (part of New York and disputed with New

Hampshire, not a colony)

Caption:

Key

NEW ENGLAND

MIDDLE COLONIES

SOUTHERN COLONIES