Guide Number One

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INTRODUCTIONS TO COMPUTERS

1.1. READING TEXT

A. Preparations:

Before you read the text, find the definitions on the right that goes with

the word on the left. Use a dictionary if necessary:

To solve To give assistanceTo store Greatly reduced in size

vast To find the solution

To help Not complicated

Simple Benefit

Miniaturized To do operations

Advantage To give

To process Very big

To provide Example 1,2,3

Numbers To keep

B. Read the text below

First, read it without stopping. Dont worry about difficult words. Read it

to get a general idea of the text. Then read it again slowly. Use a

dictionary. Make a note


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THE COMPUTERS REVOLUTIONS

C. QUESTIONS ABOUT THE TEXT

1. Creations new jobs, better educations, telecommunications, genetic

Engineering, optical fiber technology

2. The armed forces in the USA, Russia and Europe used computers

for: the radar systems, missile control, intelligence surveillance, war-

games and simulations, and the famous Star Wars

3. The first modern computer was made in the 1940

4. In the 1960 computers made a giant step forward with the inventions

of transistors

5. The computers todays are smallers, cheaper, more powerful

computers.

6. The basic job of a computer is to process information

7. No, they cant.

8. Artificial Intelligence.

9. Play chess, medical diagnoses, and weather forecasts


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1.2

VOCABULARY STUDY

B. Work with a partner. Look at the text again and use a dictionary if

necessary to check that you understand all these words.

Advantage(ventaja)

Silicon chips(Chip de silicona)

To help(ayudar)

Environment(Medio Ambiente)

Scanners(Escner)

To process(procesar)

Feet(Pies) Simple(Simple) To provide(proporcionar)

Forward(Adelante)

Surveillance(Vigilancia)

To solve(resolver)

Lasers(Lasers)

To create(crear)

To store(almacenar)

Miniaturized(Miniatura)

To deal(hacer frente a)

Baste(vasto)

Numbers(Nmeros)

To discover(descubrir)


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(Trabaja con un compaero. Mira de nuevo el texto y utiliza un diccionario si

es necesario para comprobar que usted entiende todas estas palabras.)

C. Choose five of the words in the list. Write a sentence or two for each

word to illustrate its meaning.

(Elegir cinco palabras de la lista y escribir una o dos oraciones para cada

palabra para ilustrar su significado.)

SOLUTION

1. Surveillance is important in a community and elsewhere, banks, hospitals,

universities etc.

(La vigilancia es importante en una comunidad y en todas partes, bancos,

hospitales, universidades etc.)

2. A. We must protect the environment

(Debemos cuidar el medio ambiente)

B. Not pollute our environment

(No contaminemos nuestro medio ambiente)


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3. A. the silicon chip is the one that has revolutionized the history of

computers

(El chip de silicona es el que ha revolucionado la historia de los

computadores)

B. Silicon chips are in many products

(Los chips de silicona se encuentran en muchos productos)

4. A. To solve the problems we must deal with them

(Para solucionar los problemas hay que hacer frente a ellos)

B. to solve the exercises has to study

(Para resolver los ejercicios tienes que estudiar)

5. A. Roman numbers are written with letters

(Los nmeros romanos se escriben con letras)

B. The numbers help us to solve mathematical problems

(Los nmeros nos ayudan a resolver problemas matemticos)


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3. DISCUSSION:what can computers do?

(Discusin sobre lo que puede hacer un computador)

A. At home:to do our homework and study

(En la casa, para hacer nuestras tareas y estudiar)

B. In offices:to make cards, payroll, inventory etc.

(Para hacer cartas, nominas, inventarios, etc.)

C. In Banks:for transactions(Para hacer transacciones)

D. In factories: In the factory a computer can do the work of severalpeople, streamline processes instructions etc.

(En la fbrica un computador puede hacer el trabajo de varias personas,

agilizar los procesos recibir instrucciones etc.)

E. At airports:look arrival and departure of flights

(Mirar llegada y salida de vuelos)


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F. In school and universities:do research; make theses, projects, etc.

searches.

(Hacer investigaciones, realizar tesis, proyectos, bsquedas etc.)

G. In hospitals: medical appointments bring order and make transcripts of

formulas. And also make medical diagnostics study the human body discoverdiseases

(Llevar orden de citas mdicas y realizar transcripciones de frmulas. y

tambin hacer diagnsticos mdicos estudiar el cuerpo humano descubrir

enfermedades)

H. In government departments:help count the votes in secret(Ayudar a contar los votos de manera secreta)


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1.4

MATH THE PICTURE (coincide con la imagen)

A. In a bank: automatic cashiers are open at any time.

B. In an office: People who write letters and keep records save time by

using computers

C. In the armed forces: radar missiles, satellite communications andstrategy games are all parts of a modern armys resources..


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D. In the home: microwave-ovens, washing machines and dishwashers use

chip technology

E. In a factory: one computer can do the work of many men

F. In parliament: the votes are secret because the computers do the

counting

G. In schools : Computers can count very fast and help people who work

with complicated mathematical calculation


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1.6 GRAMMAR WORK. (Trabajo de gramtica)

A. Adjectives, (adjetivos).

Look at the below. Write the opposite of the adjectives in the spaces

(Mira lo siguiente. Escribe el opuesto de los adjetivos en los espacios)

Fast Slow

Intelligent Gross

Expensive Cheap

Unreliable Dependable

Large Large

Difficult Easy

Boring CheerfulFull Incomplete

Long Short

Good Bad

B. fill in the blanks (llenar los espacios en blancos)

Now complete this passage, using one of the adjectives above for each

blank.

(Ahora complete este paso, utilizando uno de los adjetivos anteriores para

cada espacio en blanco)

One advantage of computers is that they can do calculations very quickly;

they are very fast compared to people, who are comparatively slow.

Because computers are machines, they are dependable, they dont make

mistakes, and also, they dont mind working for longs hours on largejobs.


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The first computers cost a lot of money, they were high and they were

very bigToo, sometimes they occupied a whole room.

C. Present tense Tiempo Presente

1. Look at this - Mira esto.

2. Tick the sentence below where the verb is in the present tense.

(Marque en la siguientes oraciones donde el verbo este en tiempo

presente)

1. Computers were invented a long time ago.

2. I havent got a computer.

3. When did John visit Silicon Valley? (

4. Where does Fred buy his games?

5. Nowadays we can watch T.V programmers from all over the world

6. The washing machine has a spin drier incorporated

7. My friend Jane wanted to learn PASCAL, but she got married

8. They use PCs for their work at the office

9. How many disk drives has your computer got

10.Have you seen the new laser printers

D. Complete the dialogue by writing in the missing questions

1. Have a computer at home?

No I havent got a computer at home, but my father uses one at the office.


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2. Where your father works?

He works in a bank

3. What kind of work does your father?

Hes got a Gradolf P.C.

4. How often you use the computer?

He uses the computer every day

5. What that work done the computer?

Well, he uses it to make calculations and keep records.

6. Does he like computers?

Yes, he likes computers a lot. He says they are very useful

7. Why not buy one?

Because theyrevery expensive and I havent got any money

8. How much a computer?


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It depends, but a P.C, with 2 disk drives and a monitor is about $500.

Documents

Guide Number One