Growth Rate of a Hibuna Goldfish and How Its Diet Will Affect It

Study done by Alec LaLone

The question?

• What diet will have the greatest impact of the Hibuna Goldfish’s growth rate?

• Herbacious?• Omnivorous?• Carnivorous?

Purpose

• Determine the best diet to increase the growth rate of the Hibuna Goldfish Carassius Auratus.

Hypothesis

• It can be inferred the carnivorous diet will yield the best results.

Background Information

• Crucian Carp evolved into the Common Goldfish, or Hibuna in Japanese, through years of breeding

• Goldfish were brought to North America in the late 1900’s

• Carassius Auratus • 12” long• Can live over 10 years.• Hardiness, quick growth, and resiliency make

the Hibuna an ideal species for experimentation.

Methodology

• 9 common goldfish; large, medium, small• Three 10 gallon tanks• Three Cartridge Filters• Three fish to a tank• Thin layer of gravel on bottom

• Omnivorous Diet – flake food containing main ingredients of: fish meal, dried yeast, ground brown rice, shrimp meal, soybean meal, and algae meal

• Carnivorous Diet - combination of Omega One Mysis Shrimp (freeze dried Mysis Shrimp and Vitamin E Supplement), Krill (freeze dried Krill and Vitamin E Supplement), meal worms, and small earth worms.

• Herbaceous Diet – Omega One Veggie Green Seaweed. (100% Dried Seaweed)

• Each fish was fed three times a day, morning, afternoon, and night.

• 0.4 grams of the given food.

Data/ResultsDay Herbaceous Average Mass Omnivorous Average Mass Carnivorous Average Mass

1 12.57 13.7 12.87

2 12.73 13.87 13.03

3 13.17 14 13.77

4 13.5 14.27 14

5 13.53 14.37 14.1

6 13.6 14.53 14.17

7 13.37 14.67 14.17

8 13.3 14.7 14.2

9 13.37 14.83 14.3

10 13.37 14.8 14.3

11 13.4 14.8 14.4

12 13.27 14.8 14.4

13 13.43 14.9 14.53

14 13.5 15.03 14.57

15 13.57 15.1 14.57

16 13.57 15.1 14.63

17 13.57 15.13 14.73

18 13.53 15.3 14.9

19 13.33 15.43 15.07

20 13.27 15.5 15.2

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 200

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

Average Mass of Hinuba Goldfish on Three Main Diets

Herbaceous Average Mass

Omnivorous Average Mass

Carnivorous Average Mass

Aver

age

Mas

s (gr

ams)

Herbaceous Growth Rate

Omnivorous Growth Rate

Carnivorous Growth Rate

0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.1 0.12 0.14

Growth Rate Over 20 Day Feeding Period

Growth Rate

Growth Rate Grams/Day

Discussion

• Concluded the Carnivorous Diet yielded greatest results

• Other Studies focused more on ingredients of diet.

• Error Analysis:– Dry massing the fish– Fish eating entire amount of food

References

• Bandyopadhyay, P. Swain, S. Mishra, S. (2004). Growth and dietary utilisation in goldfish (Carassius auratus Linn.) fed diets formulated with various local agro-produces. Bioresource Technology 96. Pages 731–740.

• • Blair, T. Castell, J. Neil, S. D’Abramo, L. Cahu, C. Harmon, P. Ogunmoye, K. Evaluation of microdiets versus live feeds on growth, survival and fatty acid composition of larval

haddock. Aquaculture 225. Pages 451–461.• • Bristol Aquarists' Society. ( January 2001). COMMON GOLDFISH AND LONDON SHUBUNKIN. Retrieved on January 7, 2011 from• http://www.bristol-aquarists.org.uk/goldfish/common/common.htm• • Common Goldfish, from Wikipedia. Retrieved on January 7, 2011 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_goldfish• • Common Gold Fish, Gold Fish Care In Your Aquarium. Aquarium Fish Tips. Retrieved on January 7 , 2011 from• http://www.aquarium-fish-tips.com/common-gold-fish.html• • Crucian carp, its habitats, characteristics, fishing methods and techniques. (2004). Retrieved on January 7, 2011 from• http://www.allfishingbuy.com/Fish-Species/Carp-Crucian.htm• • David Brough. (1998). Common Goldfish. Retrieved on January 7, 2011 from• http://animal-world.com/encyclo/fresh/goldfish/CommonGoldfish.php#Size• • Hansen, A. Roselund, G. Karlsen, O. Koppe, W. Hemre, G. (2009) Total replacement of fish meal with plant proteins in diets for Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua L. I – Effects on

growth and protein retention. National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research. Aquaculture 272. Pages 599–611.• • Kestemont, P. (1995). Influence of feed supply, temperature and body size on the growth of goldfish Carassius auratus larvae. Aquaculture 272. Pages 341–349.• • Steve Hopkins. (2007). The Lowly Hibuna. Retrieved on January 7, 2011 from• http://www.raingarden.us/hibuna.htm