Organizational Organizational behaviorbehavior

Topic : -Group size, Group shift, Group think, Group dynamics and Inter-group dynamic.

Group refers to any number of people who share goals, often communicate with one another over a period of time, and are few enough so that each individual may communicate with all the other, person-to-person.

What Is Group ?

Group sizeGroup sizeGroup size has a positive impact on the group dynamics as the range of abilities, skills and experience increase with the group size. Group size may be small and large size & depends upon the work of organization.

Small group Large group

Group shiftGroup shift When people are in groups, they make

decision about risk differently from when they are alone. In the group, they are likely to make riskier decisions, as the shared risk makes the individual risk less.

Group thinkGroup think When the group decision is brought down to

individual thinking, it is called group think or levelling effect. Tendency of members in highly cohesive(interrelated) groups to lose their critical evaluative capabilities.

Classic Examples of Classic Examples of GroupthinkGroupthinkChallenger Space Shuttle disasterColumbia Space Shuttle disaster1961 Bay of Pigs InvasionBeech-Nut and lower quality

apple juiceLoma Prieta Earthquake

structural failure

Loma Prieta Earthquake – Loma Prieta Earthquake – Oct ’87Oct ’87

Santa Cruz City Council delay in initiating action to mitigate earthquake damage:

300 business with over $100 Million in sales; $1M in sales taxes; 2000 jobs

45 buildings and 2/3 of businesses destroyed

5 dead; 10,000 homeless; over $1Billion in property damage

Group dynamicsGroup dynamics

Group dynamics is the study of groups, and also a general term for group processes.

“The social process by which people interact face to face is called Group dynamics”.

Meaning & Origin of Group Dynamics:

Dynamics is a Greek word means force. It infers that group dynamics is group force and strength. It is a force operating within the group. Group dynamics has synergy whereby two plus two is equal to five. A group is the composition of two or more persons formed for achieving the group goals through personal interaction and relationship. They are interdependent.

FEATURES OF GROUP DYNAMICSFEATURES OF GROUP DYNAMICS

1. Perception :-Group dynamics as defined by

perception implies that every member of the group is aware of his respective relationship with others. The group consists of organism or agents.

2. Motivation :-Members join groups because they

expect that the group will solve their problems. They want progress & promotion which are achieved through group performance.

3. Group goals :-Group goals are targets towards

which input, process and output are directed.

4. Group organization :-Group is an organisation which is

composed of different organs to attain certain objectives. A group has the structure elements of an effective organisation.

5. Interdependent :-The main feature of a group is

the members interdependence. The members of a group may have a common goal but they may not

be a part of the group because they are not interdependent.

6. Interaction :-Members of a group must

interact with each other. If they are interdependent but do not

interact, the group’s goals are not achieved.

Inter group dynamicsInter group dynamics ((what goes on between groupwhat goes on between group))

Intergroup dynamics concerns the processes that occur between groups and is an aspect of group dynamics which mainly focuses on processes within groups.

The term intergroup dynamics refers to the dynamics that take place between two or more groups.

Intergroup dynamics are relationships between groups cooperating and competing with one another.

Dynamics of Intergroup Dynamics of Intergroup competition competition (deal with unhealthy (deal with unhealthy competition after it occurs)competition after it occurs)

◦identify a common enemy that can unite the groups

◦appealing to a common goal that can unite the groups

◦getting direct negotiations started between the groups

◦training members of the groups to work cooperatively

Dynamics of Inter-group Dynamics of Inter-group competitioncompetition (prevent the emergence (prevent the emergence of unhealthy competition before it of unhealthy competition before it occurs)occurs) reward groups for making further

contributions avoid win-lose competitions for rewards reward groups for giving help to one

another stimulate frequent interactions between

members of different groups prevent groups from withdrawing and

becoming isolated from one another rotating members among different

groups

Prepared by :-

Paresh WarkeMonica JainRahul Bhole