groundwater.pptx

7/27/2019 groundwater.pptx

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Groundwater


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Ground Water

Ground water: the water that lies beneath theground surface, filling the pore space between

grains in bodies of sediment and sedimentary

rock, and filling cracks and crevices in all types of

rock

source of ground water is rain and snow that falls

to the ground a portion of which percolates downinto the ground to become ground water


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The vadose zoneincludes all the material between the Earths surface

and the zone of saturation.

The upper boundary of the zone of saturation is called the water table.

The capillary fringe is a layer of variable thickness that directly overlies

the water table. Water is drawn up into this layer by capillary action.

Essential

components of

groundwater

The rate ofinfiltration

is a function of soil type,

rock type, antecedentwater, and time.

S. Hughes, 2003


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Porosity and Permeability

porosity: the percentage of rock or sediment that consists

of voids or openings

permeability: the capacity of a rock to transmit a fluid such

as water or petroleum through pores and fractures

porous: a rock that holds much water

permeable: a rock that allows water to flow easily through

it

impermeable: a rock that does not allow water to flow

through it easily


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Water never leaves the Earth. It is constantly being

cycled through the atmosphere, ocean, and land.This process, known as the water cycle, is driven by

energy from the sun. The water cycle is crucial to the

existence of life on our planet.


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The Water Cycle
http://coastgis.marsci.uga.edu/summit/watercyclegen.htm


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During part of the water cycle, the sun heats up liquid

water and changes it to a gas by the process of

evaporation. Water that evaporates from Earthsoceans, lakes, rivers, and moist soil rises up into the

atmosphere.


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http://coastgis.marsci.uga.edu/summit/watercyclegen.htm


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The process of evaporation from plants is calledtranspiration. (In other words, its like plants

sweating.)
http://www.dnr.state.wi.us/org/caer/ce/eek/earth/groundwater/images/trans.gif


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http://coastgis.marsci.uga.edu/summit/watercyclegen.htmhttp://coastgis.marsci.uga.edu/summit/watercyclegen.htm


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As water (in the form of gas) rises higher in the atmosphere, it

starts to cool and become a liquid again. This process is called

condensation. When a large amount of water vapor

condenses, it results in the formation of clouds.
http://www.bigfoto.com/sites/galery/sky/08_sky-clouds-x.jpg


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When the water in the clouds gets too heavy, the

water falls back to the earth. This is called

precipitation.


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When rain falls on the land, some of the water is absorbed

into the ground forming pockets of water called groundwater.

Most groundwater eventually returns to the ocean. Otherprecipitation runs directly into streams or rivers. Water that

collects in rivers, streams, and oceans is called runoff.
http://www.jupiterimages.com/itemDetail.aspx?itemID=23147209


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http://www.epa.gov/region7/kids/images/wtrcycle.gif


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Hydrologic Cycle

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groundwater.pptx