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8/9/2019 Green Infrastructure Retrofit Opportunities
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Green InfrastructureRetrofit Opportunities
May 13, 2010
Dallas, TXDaniel P. Christian, PE, D.WRETetra [email protected]
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Agenda
Introduction Why Retrofit? Retrofit Basics
Objectives and criteria Desktop analysis Quantity estimation Field assessment and prioritization
IdeasCase Examples
Summary
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Solve ChronicFlooding Problems
Fix Past Mistakes &Maintenance Problems
Demonstration &Education
Reduce Pollutants ofConcern
3Photos: CWP
Reduce StormwaterRunoff Volumes
Support StreamRestoration Projects
Trap Trash &Floatables
Reduce DownstreamChannel Erosion
4Photos: CWP
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Retrofit verse New DevelopmentIntroduction
Retrofit New Development Higher costs
Sized to meet restoration objectives
Typically installed on public land
Compacted soils
Limited locations
Need neighborhood acceptance
Most are publicly maintained and thepublic expects that they will be
Not all candidate sites are feasible
Often tied into existing stormwaterconveyance system
Public investment dollars
Site visit is prerequisite for design
Designers seek least costly options
Sized to meet local design standards
Installed at new development projects
Soils are typically better
More location flexibility
More aesthetics flexibility
More options on maintenance, oftenrequire private maintenance
Nearly all sites are made to work
Usually creates the new stormwaterconveyance system
Private investment dollars
Design may occur without site visit
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Agenda
Introduction Why Retrofit? Retrofit Basics
Objectives and criteria Desktop analysis Quantity estimation Field assessment and prioritization
Ideas Case Examples Summary
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Private land willingnessby property ownersRoads (ROW)Open green spacesExisting BMPs that may bemodifiedIn-line storageopportunitiesLarge parking lotsHotspots
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Look For Basemaps for field
assessmentUse GIS
Topography Hydrology Aerial photographs
Utilities Soils Parcel boundaries Land use
Define ObjectiveRetrofit Basics
Clearly identify the overall objective, for example Store 1-inch of surface runoff and release over 24-hours
Infiltrate the first 1-inch of rainfall
Match natural hydrology
Reduce TSS by 80 percent
Capture 90% of trash and debris
Objectives may come from Watershed or storm water management plans
Permit requirements Modeling
Define general locations
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Desktop AnalysisRetrofit Basics
Prepare
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Estimate QuantityRetrofit Basics
Estimate area or volume needed for retrofits Example
Store the first 0.5-inches of runoff from a 1-acre parking lot Storage volume needed is 1,815 cubic feet Assume bioretention with 8-inches surface storage plus 4-foot of
engineered soil (25% void space) BMP yields 1.7 cubic feet of storage per square foot of area Therefore need = 1090 square feet or 2.5% of the parking area
Field Assessment and PrioritizationRetrofit Basics
Ownership
Access
Utility conflicts (up and down)
Soils
Topography water flowsdownhill
Inline verse offline
Existing stormwater BMPs
Education opportunitiesMaintenance
Brainstorming
Nearby vegetationPhotographsPublic acceptance
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Field Assessment and PrioritizingRetrofit Basics
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Field Assessment and PrioritizationRetrofit Basics
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Agenda
Introduction Why Retrofit? Retrofit Basics
Objectives and criteria Desktop analysis Quantity estimation Field assessment and prioritization
Ideas
Case Examples Summary
Green Roofs Individual PropertyIdeas
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Downspout Disconnect Individual PropertyIdeas
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Rain Barrel / Cistern Individual PropertyIdeas
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Rain Gardens Individual PropertyIdeas
Photo: Ward Wilson Tt17
Porous Pavement Impervious to PerviousIdeas
Photo: Abby Hall USEPA18
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Porous Pavers Impervious to PerviousIdeas
Photos: Abby Hall19
Green Impervious to PerviousIdeas
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Photo: LID Center Photo: LID Center
Photo: LID Center
Photo: Abby Hall
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Parking LotsIdeas
Parking LotsIdeas
Photo: Abby Hall USEPA
Photo: Abby Hall USEPA
Photo: Abby Hall USEPA22
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Increased InfiltrationSpecific Ideas
Soil amendmentsSoil replacementsTilling/rippingVegetationIncreased residence time
Longer flow path Increased storage Increased resistance
Photo: Ward Wilson23
Between the curband the sidewalk
Photo: City of Vancouver Photo: Abby Hall USEPAPhoto: Bob Domm Tt24
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Into the Street
Photo: Abby Hall USEPA25
Swale StorageSpecific Ideas
Photo: Scott Struck Tt
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Roadway Boulevard
Photo: Abby Hall USEPA
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Increased Local/Regional StorageSpecific Idea
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Agenda
Introduction Why Retrofit? Retrofit Basics
Objectives and criteria Desktop analysis Quantity estimation Field assessment and prioritization
Ideas Case Examples
Summary
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Tetra Tech Lansing Office (2006)Project by K&L Acquisitions, LLC and Tetra Tech
BEFORE
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Tetra Tech Lansing, MI Office (2006)Project by K&L Acquisitions, LLC and Tetra Tech
Tetra Tech Lansing Office (2006)Project by K&L Acquisitions, LLC and Tetra Tech
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NE Siskiyou Street (2003)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
BEFORE
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NE Siskiyou Street (2003)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
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NE Siskiyou Street (2003)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
NE Siskiyou Street (2003)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
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0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
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0.35
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09:30 09:45 10:00 10:15 10:30Time
Flow
(cfs)
InletOutlet
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NE Siskiyou Street (2003)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry Area
10,000 square foot total drainage area 600 square foot landscaping area (6% of drainage area)
Hydrology Modification (25-year flow test) 81% peak flow reduction
82% peak volume reduction
16 minute additional peak flow delay
Cost $17,000
Maintenance Semi-annual visits
Neighbors help at will
Successes
Incredible community acceptance of project Successful as a catalyst project for other green streets
Challenges Juncuspatensgrows too tall, needs annual trimming Unequal distribution of runoff due to crown of street
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ProjectSW 12thby the City of Portla
Avenue (2005)nd, designed by Kevin Perry
BEFORE
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SW 12th Avenue (2005)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
SW 12th Avenue (2005)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
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SW 12th Avenue (2005)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
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SW 12th Avenue (2005)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry
Area 7,500 square foot total drainage area 300 square foot landscaping area
(4% of drainage area)
Cost $35,000 ($117/sf)Maintenance - semi-annual visitsSuccesses Successful as a catalyst project for other urban green streets
Nobody has tripped yet (good to have 3 egress zone and 2landscape buffer zone at carriage walks)
Challenges Juncuspatensgrows too tall, needs annual trimming High loading of sediment requires more frequent cleaning
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Michigan AvenueLansing MI, by Tetra Tech and C2AE
Before
Michigan AvenueLansing MI, by Tetra Tech and C2AE
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MichiganAvenue
Lansing MIby Tetra Tech and C2AE
Michigan AvenueLansing MI, by Tetra Tech and C2AE
4 city blocks, both sides
Typical garden, no overflow for 1-inch event
600 block north side, no overflow for4.1-inches (25-year event)
$122/square foot 46
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Sandy Boulevard (2007)Project designed by Nevue Ngan Associates and URS
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Sandy Boulevard (2007)Project designed by Nevue Ngan Associates and URS
15th Street and Sandy Blvd
After
After
Before
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Sandy Boulevard (2007)Project designed by Nevue Ngan Associates and URS
21st Street and Sandy Blvd
Before
After
After
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Sandy Boulevard (2007)Project designed by Nevue Ngan Associates and URS
22nd Street and Sandy Blvd
Before
After
After
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Sandy Boulevard (2007)Project designed by Nevue Ngan Associates and URS
39th Street and Sandy Blvd
Before
After
After
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Sandy Boulevard (2007)Project designed by Nevue Ngan Associates and URS
Harold Kelley Plaza and Sandy Blvd
Before
After
After
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School Courtyard Entry
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Mount Tabor Middle School (2006)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry and Brandon Wilson
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Mount Tabor Middle School (2006)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry and Brandon Wilson
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Mount Tabor Middle School (2006)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry and Brandon Wilson
Mount Tabor Middle School (2006)Portland OR, designed by Kevin Perry and Brandon Wilson
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Mount Tabor Middle School (2006)Project by the City of Portland, designed by Kevin Perry and Brandon Wilson
School Parking Lot
Before
Mount Tabor Middle
School (2006)Project by the City of Portland,designed by Kevin Perry and
Brandon Wilson
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Agenda
Introduction Why Retrofit? Retrofit Basics
Objectives and criteria Desktop analysis Quantity estimation Field assessment and prioritization
Ideas Case Examples Summary
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Summary Retrofits work to reduce problems in developed watersheds
When identifying retrofits begin by: Clearly identifying the objective and criteria
Start in the office gathering and organizing available information
Walk the site and look for opportunities
Think Reduce imperviousness
Increase infiltration and water uptake by plants
Provide storage Consider maintenance
Communicate your ideas
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Questions