Green ICT Activities in ITU-Tmddb.apec.org/documents/2010/TEL/TEL42-DSG-WKSP2/... · Green ICT Activities in ITU-T ... environmental monitoring ¾Consumption of energy ... Reduction

___________________________________________________________________________

2010/TEL42/DSG/WKSP2/012

Green ICT Activities in ITU-T

Submitted by: NTT Energy & Environment Systems Laboratories

Green ICT SeminarBandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam

3 August 2010

Copyright© 2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation

Green ICT Activities in ITUGreen ICT Activities in ITU--T T

August. 3 2010August. 3 2010NTT Energy and Environment Systems LaboratoriesNTT Energy and Environment Systems Laboratories

Yasuyuki Sugiyama, Dr. Eng.Yasuyuki Sugiyama, Dr. Eng.

Green ICT Seminar in APEC TEL WG42Green ICT Seminar in APEC TEL WG42

Copyright© 2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 22

OutlineOutline

1. Global Warming Issues and ICT1. Global Warming Issues and ICT2. 2. Environmental Impact Reduction Using ICT Environmental Impact Reduction Using ICT 3. Role of ITU3. Role of ITU--TT4. Methodology of Environmental Impact 4. Methodology of Environmental Impact

Assessment of ICTAssessment of ICT5. Examples5. Examples of Calculation Formula of Calculation Formula 6. Conclusion6. Conclusion


Environmental measurements and predictions

Environmental measurements and Environmental measurements and predictions predictions

Reduced movement of people and products

Reduced movement of people Reduced movement of people and productsand products

Improved efficiency of production and consumption

Improved efficiency of production and Improved efficiency of production and consumptionconsumption

Improved energy efficiencyImproved energy efficiencyImproved energy efficiency

Global Warming Issues and ICTGlobal Warming Issues and ICT

Contribute to tackling global warming issues by promoting wider use of ICTContribute to tackling global warming issues by promoting wider Contribute to tackling global warming issues by promoting wider use of ICTuse of ICT

•• ITSITS (Intensive control of ETC, VICS, and traffic (Intensive control of ETC, VICS, and traffic lights)lights)

••BEMS BEMS (Building energy management system)(Building energy management system)••HEMS HEMS (Household energy management system)(Household energy management system)

••Supply chain management Supply chain management ••ee--publication and distribution publication and distribution ••Paperless officePaperless office

••Radar for measuring CO2Radar for measuring CO2••Sensing network Sensing network ••Global simulator Global simulator

••Online shopping, online trading Online shopping, online trading ••Telework, TV conferencingTelework, TV conferencing••Music, video, and software distribution Music, video, and software distribution ••ee--applications (tax declarations, online receipts)applications (tax declarations, online receipts)

Use of ICTUse of ICT

General General householdshouseholds

Offices/Offices/shopsshops

Production/Production/distribution/distribution/

transportationtransportation

Source: K. FUJINUMA from MIC: Source: K. FUJINUMA from MIC: ““JapanJapan’’s ICT & Climate Change Policies and Actionss ICT & Climate Change Policies and Actions””, , Virtual International Symposium on ICTs and Virtual International Symposium on ICTs and Climate Change, 23rd Sept. 2009.Climate Change, 23rd Sept. 2009.


Environmental loadEnvironmental loadcaused by ICTcaused by ICT

Environmental loadEnvironmental loadreduction achievedreduction achieved

by ICT servicesby ICT services

Dematerialization Dematerialization (digitization of (digitization of information)information)Reduction of movement and Reduction of movement and transportationtransportationMaking industry and lives efficient Making industry and lives efficient Enhancing environmental awareness Enhancing environmental awareness and environmental educationand environmental educationEnvironmental sensors and Environmental sensors and environmental monitoringenvironmental monitoring

Consumption of energyConsumption of energyConsumption of natural resourcesConsumption of natural resourcesGeneration of wasteGeneration of waste

Negative environmental aspectsNegative environmental aspectsPositive environmental aspectsPositive environmental aspects

MinimizationMinimizationtowardstowards

Sustainable ICT IndustrySustainable ICT Industry

MaximizationMaximizationtowardstowards

Sustainable SocietySustainable Society

Must quantify both environmental impacts. Must quantify both Must quantify both environmental impacts. environmental impacts.

Green of ICTGreen of ICT Green by ICTGreen by ICT

Relationship between ICT and EnvironmentRelationship between ICT and Environment


*The Stern Review Chapter 7*The Stern Review Chapter 7http://www.hmhttp://www.hm--treasury.gov.uk/stern_review_climate_change.htmtreasury.gov.uk/stern_review_climate_change.htm

Global Emissions by SectorGlobal Emissions by Sector

(deforestation)

(Methane)

(fertiliser NOx,methane)

Telecoms contributed around one quarter of total ICT percentage Telecoms contributed around one quarter of total ICT percentage (0.5%).(0.5%).The ICT sector accounts for approximately 2% of emissions and The ICT sector accounts for approximately 2% of emissions and contributes to reductions in the other sectors that account for contributes to reductions in the other sectors that account for 98% of all 98% of all emissions.emissions.

Source: Gartner Group (2007)*

* Rakesh Kumar and Lars Mieritz, * Rakesh Kumar and Lars Mieritz, ““Conceptualising Conceptualising ‘‘Green ITGreen IT’’ and and Datacentre Powering and Cooling IssuesDatacentre Powering and Cooling Issues””, Gartner Research paper ID , Gartner Research paper ID number G00150322, 7 Sept. 2007.number G00150322, 7 Sept. 2007.

Around 0.9 GtCO2e in 2007Around 0.9 GtCO2e in 2007


ICT, Contributing to COICT, Contributing to CO22 Reduction Reduction (Globally)(Globally)

From the Japan Center for Climate Change Actions Web site (http:From the Japan Center for Climate Change Actions Web site (http://www.jccca.org/)//www.jccca.org/)

20062006 20202020 20502050

27.3 billion 27.3 billion tonstons

Around 45 Around 45 billion tonsbillion tons

NonNon--energy sources energy sources (CH4, etc.)(CH4, etc.)

Energy sources Energy sources (fossil fuel)(fossil fuel)

25%25%ReductionReduction

50% 50% ReducReductiontion

Amount that must Amount that must be reducedbe reduced

Created from GeSI SMART2020, IPCC materialsCreated from GeSI SMART2020, IPCC materials

*GeSI: from SMART2020. The effect from telecommuting, *GeSI: from SMART2020. The effect from telecommuting, teleconferencing, electronic paper, electronic transactions teleconferencing, electronic paper, electronic transactions eliminating materials, and movement reduction, a 6% reduction iseliminating materials, and movement reduction, a 6% reduction isachieved.achieved.

ICT Reduction potential:- Smart grids- Smart construction- Smart distribution- Smart motors

ICT Reduction potential:ICT Reduction potential:-- Smart gridsSmart grids-- Smart constructionSmart construction-- Smart distributionSmart distribution-- Smart motorsSmart motorsWorld COWorld CO22 emissionsemissions

-- Percentage of emissions by country Percentage of emissions by country --

7.8 billion tons*7.8 billion tons*(15% of the global total)(15% of the global total)

United State United State

2006200627.3 billion 27.3 billion

tonstonsCarbon dioxide Carbon dioxide

(CO2) equivalent(CO2) equivalentChinaChina

RussiaRussiaIndiaIndia

JapanJapan

GermanyGermanyCanadaCanada

othersothers

UKUKKoreaKorea

ItaryItary

MexicoMexico

FranceFrance

AustraliaAustralia


"Information and communication technology is mankind's first tec"Information and communication technology is mankind's first technology in hnology in which increased benefits are not proportional to the consumptionwhich increased benefits are not proportional to the consumption of of resources and energy." resources and energy." (Professor Emeritus Yoshio Tsukio)(Professor Emeritus Yoshio Tsukio)

The need (possibility) to decouple GDP and environmental loadThe need (possibility) to decouple GDP and environmental load

GDPGDP

Environmental Environmental burdenburden

How to achieve both COHow to achieve both CO22 emission reduction emission reduction and economic growthand economic growth

Agricultural revolutionAgricultural revolution

Industrial revolutionIndustrial revolution

ICT revolutionICT revolution


To revolutionize lifestyles and move toward a lowTo revolutionize lifestyles and move toward a low--carbon society, quantification and visibility carbon society, quantification and visibility of ICT effects on environmental impact reduction are important iof ICT effects on environmental impact reduction are important issues.ssues.

Making Environmental Impact Reduction VisibleMaking Environmental Impact Reduction Visible

10 kg10 kg

Manufacture of Manufacture of NW devices, NW devices, terminals NWterminals NW

ManufacturingManufacturing ConstructionConstruction OperationOperation DisposalDisposalRemovalRemoval

Ex: VideoEx: Video--conferenceconferenceMaking COMaking CO22 emissions visible across the entire emissions visible across the entire supply chain to service provisionsupply chain to service provision

10 kg10 kg 20 kg20 kg 1 kg1 kg 5kg5kg

COCO22 emissions of 70kemissions of 70kｇｇ (ex.)(ex.)

NW NW installationinstallation

Electricity used Electricity used by device, air by device, air conditioning, conditioning, service etc.service etc.

Removal of Removal of equipment, equipment, recycling etc.recycling etc.

ComparisonComparison

Standardization allowing international comparison and objectivitStandardization allowing international comparison and objectivityy

Reduction volume = energy reduced per person per kilometer (J)Reduction volume = energy reduced per person per kilometer (J)x Reduced movement distance x reduced number of persons transporx Reduced movement distance x reduced number of persons transportedted

Reduction volume = Energy consumption unit per sq. meter of offiReduction volume = Energy consumption unit per sq. meter of office spacece spacex sq. meters of space used per person x amount of work made effix sq. meters of space used per person x amount of work made efficient (people/year)cient (people/year)

Work efficiency (human workload, etc.)Work efficiency (human workload, etc.)

Human movement (car, bus, rail, airplane etc.) reductionHuman movement (car, bus, rail, airplane etc.) reduction

・・Determine environmental impact assessment rangeDetermine environmental impact assessment range・・Reduction effect calculation methodology, etc.Reduction effect calculation methodology, etc.

Making effects Making effects visiblevisible

Make comparison Make comparison possible and objectivepossible and objective

Reduction effectReduction effect(Human movement, (Human movement, material movement, work material movement, work efficiency, etc.)efficiency, etc.)

0.2

0

0.4

0.6

0.8

ICT serviceConventional means

CO２em

issio

n(ｔ)

Use

Production

Production

Use

1.0

Disposal

Disposal


Life Cycle AssessmentLife Cycle Assessment

* * LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) is a method of LCA (Life Cycle Assessment) is a method of calculating the environmental load across all processes calculating the environmental load across all processes from procurement of raw materials for a product or from procurement of raw materials for a product or service to its use and disposal.service to its use and disposal.

Environmental contributions are quantitatively assessed using LCEnvironmental contributions are quantitatively assessed using LCA*. A*.

Natural resourcesNatural resources

Prod

uct

Prod

uct ’’ s

life c

ycle

s life

cycle

EnergyEnergyElectric power, etc.Electric power, etc.Oil, etc.Oil, etc.

Colle

ctio

n of

Co

llect

ion

of

reso

urce

sre

sour

ces

Use

UsePr

oduc

tion

of

Prod

uctio

n of

pr

oduc

tpr

oduc

t

Use

Use

Recy

cle o

r Re

cycle

or

disp

ose

disp

ose

Recy

cle o

r disp

ose

Recy

cle o

r disp

ose

TransportTransport TransportTransport TransportTransport Water Water pollutantspollutantsAir pollutantsAir pollutants

WasteWasteCOCO22, NO, NO22, etc., etc.

Copyright© 2010 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation 1010TSB, “ITU-T Guide for Newcomers”, Version : 11 December 2008

ITU StructureITU Structure

ITUITU--TT: : Telecommunication standardization on a worldTelecommunication standardization on a world--wide basis on wide basis on technical, operating and tariff Questionstechnical, operating and tariff Questions(The Secretariat of ITU(The Secretariat of ITU--T (TSB) provides services to ITUT (TSB) provides services to ITU--T Participants)T Participants)

ITUITU--RR: : Radio communications and wirelessRadio communications and wireless

ITUITU--DD: : Use and deployment of telecom networks and services in Use and deployment of telecom networks and services in developing and least developed countriesdeveloping and least developed countries

General SecretariatGeneral Secretariat: : Coordinates the Union's activities and the Coordinates the Union's activities and the overall management of the Unionoverall management of the Union

TSBTSBTelecommunicationTelecommunicationStandardizationStandardizationBureauBureau

Plenipotentiary ConferencePlenipotentiary Conference

ITU CouncilITU Council

ITUITU--TTWorld Telecommunication World Telecommunication Standardization AssemblyStandardization Assembly

ITUITU--RRWorld Radiocommunication World Radiocommunication

ConferenceConferenceRadiocommunication Radiocommunication

AssemblyAssembly

ITUITU--DDWorld Telecommunication World Telecommunication Development ConferenceDevelopment Conference

GeneralGeneralSecretariatSecretariat

ITUITU--T T Site mapSite map

ITU-T


Roles of ITURoles of ITU1) How to reduce energy consumed by ICT 1) How to reduce energy consumed by ICT

equipment and servicesequipment and services2) How to evaluate energy savings of various 2) How to evaluate energy savings of various

social activities by using ICTssocial activities by using ICTs3) How to measure climate change3) How to measure climate change4) How to encourage society to reduce energy by 4) How to encourage society to reduce energy by

using ICTs, including using ICTs, including CDM*CDM*5) How to promote enlightenment of ICT potential5) How to promote enlightenment of ICT potential

* * The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), defined in Article 12 of The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), defined in Article 12 of the Protocol, allows a country with an emissionthe Protocol, allows a country with an emission--reduction or emissionreduction or emission--limitation limitation commitment under the Kyoto Protocol (Annex B Party) to implementcommitment under the Kyoto Protocol (Annex B Party) to implement an emissionan emission--reduction project in developing countries. reduction project in developing countries.


There are no standardized methodologies for There are no standardized methodologies for evaluating and quantifying GHG reduction of evaluating and quantifying GHG reduction of other sectors by using ICTs.other sectors by using ICTs.––Valid?Valid?––Common to other countries?Common to other countries?––Acceptable for other sectors?Acceptable for other sectors?

Therefore, we DO need a standard for the Therefore, we DO need a standard for the methodology.methodology.

Necessity of MethodologyNecessity of Methodology


ITU Symposiums on ICT and Climate ChangeITU Symposiums on ICT and Climate Change(April 2008 at Kyoto, June 2008 at London)(April 2008 at Kyoto, June 2008 at London)

–– Energy consumption of ICT equipment;Energy consumption of ICT equipment;–– Energy saving contributions by using ICT servicesEnergy saving contributions by using ICT services–– Need for an internationally agreed common methodology for measurNeed for an internationally agreed common methodology for measuring ing

environmental impact of ICTs on climate changeenvironmental impact of ICTs on climate change–– Need for a behavioral change Need for a behavioral change –– both for businesses and consumers.both for businesses and consumers.–– Proposal for establishment of a new FGProposal for establishment of a new FG

TSAG of ITUTSAG of ITU--T approved to establish new Focus Group on ICT and Climate ChangT approved to establish new Focus Group on ICT and Climate Change (FGe (FG--ICT&CC) and its Terms of Reference (July 2008)ICT&CC) and its Terms of Reference (July 2008)

New ITUNew ITU--T FG on ICTs and Climate Change (September, 2008 ~ March, 2009)T FG on ICTs and Climate Change (September, 2008 ~ March, 2009)

TSAG, in April 2009, received reports from FGTSAG, in April 2009, received reports from FG--ICT&CC and approved the establishment of ICT&CC and approved the establishment of a new SG5 on a new SG5 on ““Environment and Climate ChangeEnvironment and Climate Change””..

Establishment of New WP3 in SG5 (May 2009)Establishment of New WP3 in SG5 (May 2009)

ITU Activities on ICT and Climate ChangeITU Activities on ICT and Climate Change


Study Groups of ITUStudy Groups of ITU--TTSG 2SG 2 Operational Aspects of Service Provision, Networks and PerformanOperational Aspects of Service Provision, Networks and Performancece

SG 3SG 3 Tariff and Accounting Principles Including Related TelecommunicaTariff and Accounting Principles Including Related Telecommunications tions Economic and Policy IssuesEconomic and Policy Issues

SG 4SG 4 Telecommunication ManagementTelecommunication Management

SG 5SG 5 Protection Against Electromagnetic Environment EffectsProtection Against Electromagnetic Environment Effects⇒⇒ Environment and Climate ChangeEnvironment and Climate Change

SG 9SG 9 Integrated Broadband Cable Networks and Television and Sound Integrated Broadband Cable Networks and Television and Sound TransmissionTransmission

SG 11SG 11 Signaling Requirements and ProtocolsSignaling Requirements and ProtocolsSG 12SG 12 Performance and Quality of ServicePerformance and Quality of ServiceSG 13SG 13 Next Generation Networks Next Generation Networks SG 15SG 15 Optical and Other Transport Network InfrastructuresOptical and Other Transport Network InfrastructuresSG 16SG 16 Multimedia Terminals, Systems and ApplicationsMultimedia Terminals, Systems and ApplicationsSG 17SG 17 Security, Languages and Telecommunication SoftwareSecurity, Languages and Telecommunication SoftwareTSAGTSAG Telecommunication Standardization Advisory GroupTelecommunication Standardization Advisory Group


Structure of Study Group 5 (SG5)Structure of Study Group 5 (SG5)

WP3: ICT and Climate ChangeWP3: ICT and Climate ChangeChair: Keith Dickerson (UK)Chair: Keith Dickerson (UK)Vice Chair: Eunsook Kim (Korea) and Takeshi Origuchi (Japan)Vice Chair: Eunsook Kim (Korea) and Takeshi Origuchi (Japan)

Q17: Coordination and Planning of ICT&CC related standardizationQ17: Coordination and Planning of ICT&CC related standardizationQ18: Methodology of environmental impact assessment of ICTQ18: Methodology of environmental impact assessment of ICTQ19: Power feeding systemsQ19: Power feeding systemsQ20: Data collection for Energy Efficiency for ICTs over the lifQ20: Data collection for Energy Efficiency for ICTs over the lifecycleecycleQ21: Environmental protection and recycling of ICT equipments/faQ21: Environmental protection and recycling of ICT equipments/facilitiescilities

SG5: Environment and Climate ChangeSG5: Environment and Climate Change

WP1: Damage prevention and safetyWP1: Damage prevention and safety

WP2: Electromagnetic fields: emission, immunity and human exposuWP2: Electromagnetic fields: emission, immunity and human exposurere

(Study Period: May 2009 ~ 2012)(Study Period: May 2009 ~ 2012)


Question 18/5: Methodology of Question 18/5: Methodology of Environmental Impact Assessment of ICT Environmental Impact Assessment of ICT

The purpose of this Question is to develop Recommendations on The purpose of this Question is to develop Recommendations on methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT and on methodology for environmental impact assessment of ICT and on collecting and calculating reliable data for the assessment modecollecting and calculating reliable data for the assessment model.l.

Following work items for series Recommendations are running in SFollowing work items for series Recommendations are running in SG5 G5 for methodologies:for methodologies:

(2) (2) L.methodology_ICTL.methodology_ICT goods and servicesgoods and services

(3) L.methodology_ICT projects(3) L.methodology_ICT projects

(4) L.methodology_ICT in organizations(4) L.methodology_ICT in organizations

(5) L.methodology_ICT sector in countries(5) L.methodology_ICT sector in countries

Overview and general principles Overview and general principles of methodologiesof methodologies

Methodology for environmental impact Methodology for environmental impact assessment assessment of ICT with countriesof ICT with countries

Methodology for environmental impact Methodology for environmental impact assessment assessment of ICT with organizationsof ICT with organizations

(1) L.methodology_general umbrella(1) L.methodology_general umbrella

Methodology for environmental impact Methodology for environmental impact assessment assessment of ICT projectsof ICT projects

Methodology for environmental impact Methodology for environmental impact assessment assessment of ICT goods and servicesof ICT goods and services


COCO22 Reduction of All Sectors by Using ICTsReduction of All Sectors by Using ICTs

Energy consumption (COEnergy consumption (CO22 emissions) reduction through the use of ICTs is emissions) reduction through the use of ICTs is defined as follows.defined as follows.

Energy consumption Energy consumption reductionreduction

Reduction effect of energy Reduction effect of energy consumption by utilizing ICTsconsumption by utilizing ICTs

Energy consumptionEnergy consumptionthrough the use of ICTsthrough the use of ICTs＝＝ --

CO

2em

issi

ons (

Bt-

CO

2)

30

20

10

Year

All Other Sectors

ICT Sector

CO

2em

issi

ons (

Bt-

CO

2)

30

20

10Reductions

by ICTs

of ICTsYear

All Other Sectors

ICT Sector


Example of effective online Example of effective online shoppingshopping

MakerMakerWholesaleWholesale RetailRetail

ConsumerConsumer

Decrease unnecessary Decrease unnecessary productionproduction

Reduce intermediate Reduce intermediate distributiondistribution

Reduce retail Reduce retail salessales

No movement of people through No movement of people through product return/negotiationproduct return/negotiation

No movement of people through No movement of people through product return/negotiationproduct return/negotiation

No movement of people through No movement of people through comparing/purchasing productscomparing/purchasing products

No product No product distributiondistribution No product No product

distributiondistributionNo product No product distributiondistribution

Reduce movement Reduce movement of consumersof consumers

ItemItem ContentContentConsumption of Consumption of goodsgoods

By reducing the consumption of goods (e.g. paper), it is possiblBy reducing the consumption of goods (e.g. paper), it is possible to reduce the energy e to reduce the energy consumption involved with production and disposal and to reduce consumption involved with production and disposal and to reduce waste emissions.waste emissions.

Electric power/energy Electric power/energy consumptionconsumption

By improving the efficiency of electric power and energy use andBy improving the efficiency of electric power and energy use and reducing consumption, it is reducing consumption, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption involved with electricpossible to reduce the energy consumption involved with electricity generation and supply.ity generation and supply.

Movement of peopleMovement of people By reducing the movement of people, it is possible to reduce theBy reducing the movement of people, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption needed energy consumption needed for methods of transportation.for methods of transportation.

Movement of goodsMovement of goods By reducing the movement of goods, it is possible to reduce the By reducing the movement of goods, it is possible to reduce the energy consumption needed energy consumption needed for transportation methods.for transportation methods.

Office space Office space efficiencyefficiency

By using office space more efficiently, it is possible to reduceBy using office space more efficiently, it is possible to reduce the electricity consumption of the electricity consumption of lighting and airlighting and air--conditioning and to reduce energy consumption.conditioning and to reduce energy consumption.

Storage of goodsStorage of goods By reducing the storage space of goods, it is possible to reduceBy reducing the storage space of goods, it is possible to reduce the electricity consumption the electricity consumption involved with lighting and airinvolved with lighting and air--conditioning and to reduce energy consumption.conditioning and to reduce energy consumption.

Business efficiencyBusiness efficiency By improving business efficiency, it is possible to reduce resouBy improving business efficiency, it is possible to reduce resource and energy consumption.rce and energy consumption.

Waste materialWaste material By reducing waste emissions, it is possible to conserve the enviBy reducing waste emissions, it is possible to conserve the environment and reduce the ronment and reduce the energy consumption needed to dispose of waste.energy consumption needed to dispose of waste.

Eight Effects of Reducing Energy Consumption Eight Effects of Reducing Energy Consumption Based on Using ICTBased on Using ICT

Direct from manufacturerDirect from manufacturer(.e.g., computer, vehicle)(.e.g., computer, vehicle)


Energy consumption Energy consumption reduction effectreduction effect

Impact of consumption of Impact of consumption of goods/services goods/services

on the environment on the environment

Unit energy consumption Unit energy consumption when one unit of goods/when one unit of goods/services is consumed services is consumed

＝＝ ××

■■ The energy consumptionThe energy consumption (CO(CO22 emissions) emissions) reduction effect by utilizing ICTs can be reduction effect by utilizing ICTs can be generally calculated as follows if the consumption of goods/servgenerally calculated as follows if the consumption of goods/services by utilizing ICTs can ices by utilizing ICTs can be identified. be identified.

MethodologyMethodology

Energy Energy consumptionconsumption

Amount used byAmount used bydevice/NW useddevice/NW used

Unit energy consumption when oneUnit energy consumption when oneunit of device/NW is usedunit of device/NW is used＝＝ ××

■■ The energy consumptionThe energy consumption (CO(CO22 emissions) emissions) through the use of ICTs can be generally through the use of ICTs can be generally calculated as follows if the amount used by the device/network (calculated as follows if the amount used by the device/network (NW) can be identified. NW) can be identified.

““The energy consumption reductionThe energy consumption reduction effect by utilizing ICTseffect by utilizing ICTs””and and ““the energy the energy consumption through the use of ICTs.consumption through the use of ICTs.””


Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Consumption Reduction Effect by Utilizing ICTConsumption Reduction Effect by Utilizing ICT

(1) Consumption of goods (Paper, CDs, DVDs, etc.)(1) Consumption of goods (Paper, CDs, DVDs, etc.)Energy reduction = (Energy consumption to produce one unit of thEnergy reduction = (Energy consumption to produce one unit of the product) e product)

×× (Amount reduced)(Amount reduced)E.g., Reduction of paper: E.g., Reduction of paper: (Energy to produce paper (A4 size, 1 sheet) (J)) (Energy to produce paper (A4 size, 1 sheet) (J)) ×× (Quantity reduced (Sheets))(Quantity reduced (Sheets))

(2) Movement of goods (mail, trucks, rail cargo, cargo ships, et(2) Movement of goods (mail, trucks, rail cargo, cargo ships, etc.)c.)Energy reduction = (Unit energy consumption for each transportatEnergy reduction = (Unit energy consumption for each transportation means ion means

(J)) (J)) ×× (Transportation distance reduced (km)) (Transportation distance reduced (km)) E.g., Reduction of the number of mails: E.g., Reduction of the number of mails: (Energy consumption per mail (J)) (Energy consumption per mail (J)) ×× (Number of mails reduced (mail)) (Number of mails reduced (mail))

Reduction of truck transportation: Reduction of truck transportation: (Energy consumption per ton(Energy consumption per ton--km (J)) km (J)) ×× (Transportation distance reduced (km)) (Transportation distance reduced (km)) ×× (Cargo weight reduced (t))(Cargo weight reduced (t))


Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Examples of Calculation Formula for Energy Consumption through the Use of ICTsConsumption through the Use of ICTs

(1) ICT device(1) ICT deviceEnergy consumption = (Unit energy consumption for each type of dEnergy consumption = (Unit energy consumption for each type of device) evice) ×× (Amount used)(Amount used)E.g.,E.g.,Production of devices for Video conferences:Production of devices for Video conferences:

(Energy consumption to produce one devi(Energy consumption to produce one device (J)) ce (J)) ×× (Number of units used)(Number of units used)

Use of devices for Video conferences:Use of devices for Video conferences:(Electric power to use one device (kW)) (Electric power to use one device (kW)) ×× (Time of use (h)) (Time of use (h)) ×× (Number of units used)](Number of units used)]

Energy consumption = (Energy consumption per amount of use) Energy consumption = (Energy consumption per amount of use) ×× (Amount used)(Amount used)E.g., E.g., Use of networks: Use of networks:

(Apportioned [allocated] energy consumption per line (Apportioned [allocated] energy consumption per line (J)) (J)) ×× (Number of lines used)](Number of lines used)]

(2) Network use(2) Network use


Evaluation Result

0

5

10

15

20

25

Conference on a trip Video conferenceEnerg

y C

onsu

mpt

ion(G

J/ye

ar)

Disposal

Use

Production

Evaluation Result

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

Conference on a trip Video conference

Energ

yC

onsu

mpt

ion(G

J/ye

ar)

Disposal

Use

Production

Example of Trial Calculation Example of Trial Calculation (Video Conference)(Video Conference)

Video conference held between Tokyo and Video conference held between Tokyo and Yokohama, Yokohama, once a week (48 times / year), once a week (48 times / year), one hour each timeone hour each time, participated in by two , participated in by two people from each office people from each office

Video conference held between Tokyo and Video conference held between Tokyo and Yokohama, Yokohama, every working day (240 times / every working day (240 times / year), eight hours each timeyear), eight hours each time, participated in , participated in by two people from each officeby two people from each office

Case 1Case 1 Case 2Case 2

Reduction of 53% (91%)Reduction of 53% (91%) Reduction of 52% (59%)Reduction of 52% (59%)

The figure in ( ) is based on only The figure in ( ) is based on only the the ““useuse”” stage. stage.

The figure in ( ) is based on only The figure in ( ) is based on only the the ““useuse”” stage.stage.

Conference with travelConference with travel Conference with travelConference with travel


Video conferenceVideo conference

Conference on a tripConference on a trip

Reduction Potential EffectReduction Potential EffectReduction effect of energy consumptionReduction effect of energy consumption

Energy consumption through the use of ICTsEnergy consumption through the use of ICTs

Reduction Potential EffectReduction Potential Effect


ConclusionConclusionInternational standardization on Environmental International standardization on Environmental technologies for telecommunication, in particular to technologies for telecommunication, in particular to ICT and climate change is now underway in ITUICT and climate change is now underway in ITU--T.T.

We need to reduce environmental loads of ICT We need to reduce environmental loads of ICT equipment and ICT sector, and we also expect that equipment and ICT sector, and we also expect that ICT can reduce environmental loads, particularly GHG ICT can reduce environmental loads, particularly GHG emissions, in other relevant sectors. emissions, in other relevant sectors.

For this purpose, prompt standardizations on For this purpose, prompt standardizations on objective and transparent methodology of ICT objective and transparent methodology of ICT environmental impact assessment are required.environmental impact assessment are required.


Thank you for your kind attention. Thank you for your kind attention.

Documents

Green ICT Activities in ITU-Tmddb.apec.org/documents/2010/TEL/TEL42-DSG-WKSP2/... · Green ICT Activities in ITU-T ... environmental monitoring ¾Consumption of energy ... Reduction