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Main Assumption of Green Economy: Protect nature by putting monetary value on it Economisation of nature – internalisation of costs Ecological economics: natural capital & ecosystems create value/ are productive Market instruments of validation Patenting & trade in intellectual property rights (TRIPS) „Economics of climate change“ (N.Stern): CDM, PES, REDD, REDD+ - trade in emission rights TEEB-study – economic validation of ecosystem services & biodiversity Financialisation of nature: Rio+20: Natural Capital Declaration by banks/investors/insurers Nature is separated from social realm & livelihoods of people
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Green Economy, Value Chains & the Inclusion of
Women
Dr.Christa Wichterich/WIDE+HU, Berlin, 25.1.2013
Solve the Crisis through Green EconomyUN/UNEP 2008 – fix the financial/economic & the climate crisis...
transition from brown to green economy... through „power of the market“, green investment/ technology/jobs... „abandon business as usual“... „alternative paradigm“... transformation...
UNEP 2009: Global Green New Deal: 3 objectives
1) economic recovery 2) poverty reduction 3) reduction of carbon emissions & ecosystem degradation
OECD 2011: „Green Growth“European Commission 2011: „competitive low-carbon society“Normative definition: „GE... results in improved well-being & social
equity while significantly reducing environmental risks & ecological scarcities“... „Greening = driver for growth“
Making business/capitalism more sustainable
Main Assumption of Green Economy:Protect nature by putting
monetary value on it Economisation of nature – internalisation of costs
Ecological economics: natural capital & ecosystems create value/ are productive
Market instruments of validationPatenting & trade in intellectual property rights (TRIPS) „Economics of climate change“ (N.Stern):
CDM, PES, REDD, REDD+ - trade in emission rights
TEEB-study – economic validation of ecosystem services & biodiversity
Financialisation of nature: Rio+20: Natural Capital Declaration by banks/investors/insurers
Nature is separated from social realm & livelihoods of people
Women‘s Participation in Green Growth A Potential Fully Realised?
World Bank: 1) gender equality = smart economics = neoliberal empowerment
2) Green growth = efficient, clean, resilient & inclusiveUNEP: hardly a gender perspective, no human rights or justice frame
EU Greens‘ Green New Deal: hardly any gender-sensitive & gender- just perspective (Mara Kuhl)
DCED/BMZ: Development aid =assistance to private sector development
Inclusion of Women- Inclusive Liberalism
- Flexible workers in green value chains- Small & medium entrepreneurs- Green & ethical consumers- Care workers for families, esp. food security- Contract labourers- Inclusive business models e.g. smallholders,
small scale farmers, feminised agriculture, poor- Actors in climate adaptation- Customers of microcredits & microinsurance- Remittances of migrant agricultural
workers & berry pickers
Exclusion is a problem but inclusion as well!
GEN-DER
ESSEN-TIA-LISM
GEN-DER
MO-DER-NISA-TION
Restructuring Agriculture & Reconceptionalisation of Food
Security
Climate Smart Agriculture & Women
World Bank proposed to include agriculture in CDM: win-win-situation
All forms that reduce emissions from soil or absorb CO2 in the soil, mixed agriculture, agroforestry, tree planting
Conservation agriculture without ploughing, less CO2- emissions, promoted by e.g. Monsanto, presently practised in Brasil
Women smale scale farmers = prime target group, validation of their work through integration in market mechanism but dependant from financial market
Economisation ofAgricultural NatureCulture &
Undermining Moral EconomyExpansion market rationale subordination of logic of
care/social reproduction/subsistence e.g. waste land & untapped resource
Conflict between renewable energy & food securityContradiction between market framework &
human/women‘s rights framework e.g. financialisationConflict between scientific knowledge & local
knowledge Tension between individual rights & commonsResult in ambivalences in subjectivities & multiple Result in ambivalences in subjectivities & multiple identitiesidentities
„What could be a burden for a city woman,
for us is a space of power“
Feminist political ecology & economy have to analyse those contradictions & ambivalences
„Green Economy is a False Solution“...“new form of colonisation & appropriation of the natural resources of the South“
18.6.2012Rio de JaneiroWMW
Women against the Commodification of our
Bodies, our Lives & Nature
„We need to overcome this model of development.“
Thank you for your attention!
Parto, towards buen vivir!