• Great Britain and France often fought for control of parts of Africa.

• The British controlled the gold and ivory trade in West Africa.

Great Britain- policy of indirect rule

• The French wanted to spread their culture.• Established themselves in northern Algeria

and West Africa.• Trade outposts were built in West Africa

for the slave trade.• Most of the French-controlled land was

desert.• They traded palm oil and timber.

France-policy of assimilation (people became French citizens)

• Belgium also competed for African land.• The amount of land purchased in Africa was

bigger than Belgium itself.• King Leopold II purchased the Congo River basin.• Personal possession of King Leopold III of Belgium

• Village massacres, forced labor by Leopold’s agents

• Belgian control in 1908• Little preparation for independence

Belgium- paternalism (people serve and obey fatherland)

King Leopold II

Partitioning Of Africa

Colonized Africa Modern Africa

A Mathematical Way to look

The Scramble

Colonialism• Post World War I and II

• European powers were in state of recovery and inflation

• Many colonies were virtually abandoned

• Little or no preparation for independence

• No infrastructure, economic or political readiness

• Culture forced together must build new nations

Pan-African Congress

• Educated Africans felt that they could govern themselves

• African men had fought for European allies; ex-soldiers wanted self rule

• Pan-Africanism- an idea that people of African descent around the world should work together for their freedom.

• 1919- first Pan-African Congress established• 1945- 5th Congress had 90 delegates; one was the

famous Jomo Kenyatta

Article Assignment:

Directions: 1. With your learning partner, please read the article, Face to Face with Jomo Kenyatta. One student should be the reporter and the other, Jomo Kenyatta. Please do not take the articles out of the classroom (class set).

In your group of 2…Read the article for specific information on:-Reasons for colonial rule-Ways Europeans ruled colonies-Gaining independence-Effects of colonial rule

Each student should…

3. On the white sheet of paper, complete a mindmap of Colonial Rule in Africa for all four (4) areas (see the

next slide). Use the information that you have learned to complete the mindmap on white paper.

Remember: Mindmaps are pictorial illustrations of content. Be VERY DETAILED and SPECIFIC. You should have only a FEW words, phrases and pictures.

Article Assignment con’t:

For each section, you must have the following:

1. Two (2) pictures2. 3-4 pieces of information about each

section

Colonial Rule in Africa

Reasons for colonial rule

Ways Europeans

ruled colonies

Gaining independence

Effects of colonial rulen