Grease to Gas: Biodiesel Grease to Gas: Biodiesel Basics Basics

Today we will….Today we will…. Examine why biodiesel is an important alternative Examine why biodiesel is an important alternative

fuel to petroleum based dieselfuel to petroleum based diesel Learn how different percentages of biodiesel can Learn how different percentages of biodiesel can

be combined with conventional diesel fuel (B be combined with conventional diesel fuel (B factor)factor)

Make Biodiesel!Make Biodiesel! Watch a Dirty Jobs Video about biodieselWatch a Dirty Jobs Video about biodiesel Play a Biodiesel gamePlay a Biodiesel game

Biodiesel v. DieselBiodiesel v. Diesel Made from crude Made from crude

oil at high oil at high temperaturestemperatures

Difficult to make on Difficult to make on small scalesmall scale

Made from Made from renewable resourcesrenewable resources

Relatively Easy to Relatively Easy to make on both small make on both small and large scaleand large scale

Less Carbon Less Carbon Emissions than Emissions than petroleum based petroleum based DieselDiesel

BiodegradableBiodegradable

Where Biodiesel is Made:Where Biodiesel is Made:

Small Scale Production

Large Scale Production

Ethanol and FlexFuel Drawbacks?

How Biodiesel is Made:How Biodiesel is Made:

The “B” FactorThe “B” Factor

There are many There are many combinations of combinations of conventional diesel conventional diesel and Biodiesel that can and Biodiesel that can be found at many gas be found at many gas stations across the stations across the U.S.U.S.

B2: A mixture B2: A mixture composed of 2% composed of 2% Biodiesel with 98% Biodiesel with 98% petrol (conventional) petrol (conventional) dieseldiesel

B5: A mixture B5: A mixture composed of 5% composed of 5% Biodiesel with 95% Biodiesel with 95% petrol diesel.petrol diesel.

B20: A mixture B20: A mixture composed of 20% composed of 20% Biodiesel with 80% Biodiesel with 80% petrol diesel.petrol diesel.

B100 or Neat B100 or Neat Biodiesel: Composed Biodiesel: Composed of 100% Biodiesel.of 100% Biodiesel.

Is Making Biodiesel….a Dirty Is Making Biodiesel….a Dirty Job??Job??

What does it take to make What does it take to make Biodiesel?Biodiesel?

LyeLye Vegetable OilVegetable Oil MethanolMethanol Mixing DeviceMixing Device Measurement Tools Measurement Tools Safety GearSafety Gear

Caution Lye will burn if Caution Lye will burn if you come in contact!you come in contact!

If exposure to lye occurs: If exposure to lye occurs: Flush affected area with Flush affected area with water for 30 – 60 minutes with water and contact water for 30 – 60 minutes with water and contact 911911

Please wear your safety Please wear your safety equipmentequipment

Safety GogglesSafety Goggles Rubber GlovesRubber Gloves

PreparationPreparation Make sure all surfaces can be easily Make sure all surfaces can be easily

cleaned. Put all books away on all tables cleaned. Put all books away on all tables where the project will take place. where the project will take place.

Put safety goggles on along with rubber Put safety goggles on along with rubber gloves. Remember the chemicals you gloves. Remember the chemicals you are dealing with have the ability to burn are dealing with have the ability to burn and scar. and scar.

Due to the caustic nature of the Due to the caustic nature of the chemicals we do not want to risk a spill chemicals we do not want to risk a spill or splash so please start with the or splash so please start with the slowest speed on the mixer and slowly slowest speed on the mixer and slowly increase. increase.

ProcedureProcedure Measure Measure 100 Milliliters100 Milliliters of the Methanolof the Methanol

into a glass beaker. (Make sure cap is into a glass beaker. (Make sure cap is replaced) replaced)

Pour Methanol into the Erlenmeyer flask Pour Methanol into the Erlenmeyer flask With the spoon weigh out With the spoon weigh out 1.75 grams of lye1.75 grams of lye

on your scale. (Instructor will do this step)on your scale. (Instructor will do this step) Put the lye into the Erlenmeyer flask and Put the lye into the Erlenmeyer flask and

blend softly on the first settingblend softly on the first setting Blend for 2 minutesBlend for 2 minutes Blend Blend 1/2 Liter of Vegetable Oil.1/2 Liter of Vegetable Oil. Blend for 20min on first or second setting. Blend for 20min on first or second setting.

(Ideally creates a small vortex) (Ideally creates a small vortex)

Methanol TestMethanol Test Purpose: To check the purity of the Purpose: To check the purity of the

biodiesel to see if it could be an engine biodiesel to see if it could be an engine without causing problems. without causing problems.

Measure out Measure out 225 milliliters of Methanol225 milliliters of Methanol in a cleaned beaker. in a cleaned beaker.

Take Take 25 milliliters of the biodiesel25 milliliters of the biodiesel and and add it to the measured methanol. add it to the measured methanol.

If there is un-dissolved solution at the If there is un-dissolved solution at the bottom of the beaker, this means that the bottom of the beaker, this means that the biodiesel is impure. This could be from biodiesel is impure. This could be from humidity or water from the air that got humidity or water from the air that got into the solution or it could be from impure into the solution or it could be from impure vegetable oil. vegetable oil.

Clean the beaker again: (Clean the beaker again: (make sure to make sure to keep gloves and goggles on)keep gloves and goggles on)

Clean UpClean Up Clean up while the biodiesel is Clean up while the biodiesel is

blending. blending. Please Please keep your gloves and eye keep your gloves and eye

goggles ongoggles on for the cleaning of the for the cleaning of the materials. materials.

Beakers need to be Beakers need to be cleaned in hot cleaned in hot soapy water.soapy water.

Vegetable oil and lye need to be Vegetable oil and lye need to be returned to the front of the class.returned to the front of the class.

Biodiesel Game: Biodiesel Game:

•Please split into 2 groups

•1 Person from the team comes up and gives hints as to what the word on the flash card is with out saying the word

•Each team will have 3 minutes to guess as many words as they can, then the next team will go

What are What are youryour thoughts? thoughts?

Photo References:Photo References:

Biodiesel Cartoon: http://205.153.241.230/issues/emergejan2005/index.htmlBiodiesel Collage:http://www.fryoiltofuel.com/Trimet Bus:http://trimet.org/sustainable/index.htm7 Cars/ Trucks that run on Biodiesel:http://www.lovecraftbiofuels.com/Crude Oil:www.alibaba.comEmissions Chart:http://www.elements.nb.ca/theme/renewable_energy/wayne/groszko.htm How Biodiesel is Made:http://www.midwestrenewablegroup.com/index.php?page=how_biodiesel_is_madeBiodiesel plant:http://www.creativeengineers.com/biodiesel-consultants.htmlBiodiesel garage:http://www.sustainability.ofm.uwa.edu.au/welcome/biodiesel/jonathons_biodieselB20:http://www.hunteroilpro.com/biofuel.htmlBiodiesel Supplies:Picture taken during trial run of lesson planSafety Goggle Picture:http://www.wardrobesupplies.com/store/m2_protsupp.htmlRubber Gloves:http://www.majesticwaterfowl.org/wishlist.htmLye Burn URL:http://www.popcenter.org/problems/meth_labs/Pump with flower:http://www.freewebs.com/renata17/