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Planning an
Integrated Pest Management Program
for Your Vineyard
Jeanette Smith
VineSmith, Inc.
Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
Fungicide Guide
Insecticide Guide
Herbicide Guide
Pest Management
Planning Guide
email updates
TERMS
Pest = organism that causes economic damage
to host crop
disease (viruses, phytoplasmas, bacteria, fungi)
insect / mite
weeds
vertebrates
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)= mitigating
economic pest damage using a combination
of methods: cultural, mechanical and
pesticides.
Pest Management Goals
keep pest populations < economic damage
minimize future damage explosions
minimize control costs (time, $)
minimize safety risks, environmental risks
Susceptible Host Plant Favorable Environment
Pest Organism
Pest Damage
Pest Management Strategies:
Breaking the Pest Damage Triangle
Susceptible Host Plant
Resistant or TolerantFavorable Environment
Pest Organism
Pest Damage
Pest Management Strategies:
Breaking the Pest Damage Triangle
Susceptible Host Plant UNFavorable Environment
Pest Organism
Pest Damage
Pest Management Strategies:
Breaking the Pest Damage Triangle
Susceptible Host Plant Favorable Environment
Pest Organism
Pest Damage
Pest Management Strategies:
Breaking the Pest Damage Triangle
Pest Management Plan: Pre-plant
select disease-resistant varieties (market?)
select site w/ good air drainage, water drainage
install drain tiles if needed
orient rows parallel to summer winds
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Winter
cut (most) grapevines in nearby woods
remove weeds, debris around trunks
prune out old spurs, renew old weak cordons
remove / burn prunings, unharvested fruit
make a map of each vineyard block w/ rows, panels
Viognier Block
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Winter
cut (most) grapevines in nearby woods
remove weeds, debris around trunks
prune out old spurs, renew old weak cordons
remove / burn prunings, unharvested fruit
make a map of each vineyard block w/ rows, panels
purchase / install weather monitoring tools
Weather Monitoring Tools
min / max thermometer
rain gauge
Weather Station
temperature
precipitation
relative humidity
leaf wetness
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Winter
cut (most) grapevines in nearby woods
remove weeds, debris around trunks
prune out old spurs, renew old weak cordons
remove / burn prunings, unharvested fruit
make a map of each vineyard block w/ rows, panels
purchase / install weather monitoring tools
purchase pest id & monitoring tools, guides
hand lens
Pest Management References
Pocket Guide for Grape IPM
www.ipm.msu.edu/GrapePocket.htm
Compendium of Grape Diseases
www.shopapspress.org/40888.html
Weeds of the Northeast (Richard Uva, Joe Neal & Joseph Ditomaso)
http://www.cornellpress.cornell.edu
NY and PA Pest Management Guidelines for Grapes
http://ipmguidelines.org/grapes/
Michigan State University IPM Fact Sheets
http://www.grapes.msu.edu/id.htm
Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit (VineSmith, Inc)
www.vinesmith.com
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Winter
cut (most) grapevines in nearby woods
remove weeds, debris around trunks
prune out old spurs, renew old weak cordons
remove / burn prunings, unharvested fruit
make a map of each vineyard block w/ rows
purchase / install weather monitoring tools
purchase pest id & monitoring tools, guides
develop basic spray plan
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
Fungicide Guide
Insecticide Guide
My Basic Spray Plan
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
compare / select pesticides for each target pest
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
compare / select pesticides for each target pest
efficacy, possibility of resistance
spray interval (per label)
cost / acre / application
Fungicide Guide
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
compare / select pesticides for each target pest
efficacy, possibility of resistance
spray interval (per label)
cost / acre / application
toxicity to humans, non-target orgs
Toxicity Ratings
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
compare / select pesticides for each target pest
efficacy, possibility of resistance
spray interval (per label)
cost / acre / application
toxicity to humans, non-target orgs
restricted use
Restricted Use
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
compare / select pesticides for each target pest
efficacy, possibility of resistance
spray interval (per label)
cost / acre / application
toxicity to humans, non-target orgs
restricted use
use strategy, translocation
Activity: Fungicide Guide
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
compare / select pesticides for each target pest
efficacy, possibility of resistance
spray interval (per label)
cost / acre / application
toxicity to humans, non-target orgs
restricted use
use strategy, translocation
resistance risk, class
Resistance Risk, FRAC / IRAC / WSSA Class
Developing Basic Spray PlanUsing Vineyard Pest Management Tool Kit
identify target pests for each variety
identify critical control periods
compare / select pesticides for each target pest
observe application restrictions
maximum consecutive applications
maximum rate per year
maximum applications per year
REI: restricted entry interval
PHI: pre-harvest interval
Application Restrictions
PPE, other
My Basic Spray Plan
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Winter
cut (most) grapevines in nearby woods
remove weeds, debris around trunks
prune out old spurs, renew old weak cordons
remove / burn prunings, unharvested fruit
purchase / install weather monitoring tools
purchase pest id & monitoring tools, guides
develop basic spray plan
order pesticides (eradicants?)
order GBM traps
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Spring
daily:
check GBM traps
record weather
calculate degree days (GBM), leaf wetness (BR)
check against MSU fact sheets
Weather / Trap Log
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Spring
daily:
check GBM traps
record weather
calculate degree days (GBM), leaf wetness (BR)
check against MSU fact sheets
weekly:
scout for pests / damage; check spray coverage
record / flag problem areas
Viognier Block
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Spring
daily:
record weather
calculate degree days (GBM), leaf wetness (BR)
check against MSU fact sheets
weekly:
scout for pests / damage; check spray coverage
verify (diagnostic lab, Extension agent, consultant)
record / flag problem areas
weekly: adjust spray plan for weather, pest pressure
spray interval
choice of pesticides: translocation, use strategy
Keep Records
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Summer daily: continue weather monitoring
weekly: continue pest monitoring, spray coverage check
weekly: continue adjusting basic spray plan for weather, pest pressure (spray intervals, pesticides)
12-18” shoots: thin to 3-5 shoots / foot of canopy
bloom to fruit set: leaf-pull on west or south side of canopy
cluster-closing:
separate or thin “clumps” of fruit clusters
leaf-pull on east or north side of canopy
veraison: implement bird deterrents
Pest Management Plan: Post-plant
Harvest assess fruit quality / ripeness, canopy throughout vineyard
flag and note problem areas
Post-harvest meet w/ Extension agent or consultant, discuss
improvements to management program for next year
THANK YOU!
I wish you a great 2011 vintage!