__ Adverbs~-~~------

~- 42

28 slow, slowly I'm a slow reader. Kirsty's a good singer. Sam's a fast runner.

I read slowly. Kirsty sings well. Sam runs fast.

We use adjectives to describe people or things: I'm a slow reader. We use adverbs to describe how someone or something does something:

I read slowly. To make an adverb, we usually add -ly at the end of an adjective. Be careful

of spelling changes: slow -7 slowly angry -7 angrily This adverb is irregular: good -7 well These words can be both adjectives and adverbs. They do not change:

fast -7 fast hard -7 hard

~~ See Appendix J: Spelling rules for adverbs, page 169.

Lh. Adverbs of manner usually come: after the verb: Kirsty sings well. after the verb and object: He learns everything quickly.

PRACTICE 28a Complete the sentences. Use adverbs.

o They're all smiling ..... ~~P.P.!!Y. ...... (happy) 1 Hurry up! Don't walk so ....................... (slow) 2 He always explains things ....................... (clear) 3 The children are playing ...................... in the pool. (noisy) 4 Ben makes friends ....................... (easy) 5 Don't eat so ....................... (quick) 6 You speak German ....................... (perfect) 7 Helen always talks ....................... (loud) 8 Please listen ....................... (careful) 9 Rob sometimes laughs ...................... . (nervous) 10 Harry's looking at Clare ....................... (angry)

G r a m m a r : a d v e r b s ~

2 8 b R e - w r i t e t h e s e n t e n c e s . U s e a d v e r b s .

o H e ' s a b e a u t i f u l s i n g e r . .t!.~.~!l!/l.~.~~l!.Lf.~~(~~~Y: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1 S h e ' s a b a d p l a y e r . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2 H e ' s a d a n g e r o u s d r i v e r .

3 T h e y ' r e h a r d w o r k e r s .

4 I ' m a f a s t l e a r n e r .

5 Y o u ' r e a g o o d w r i t e r .

6 S h e ' s a w o n d e r f u l d a n c e r .

2 8 c C i r c l e t h e c o r r e c t a n s w e r .

A : H i , S o p h i e . W h e r e a r e y o u ?

B : I ' m i n t h e c a r w i t h A i s h a . W e ' r e g o i n g t o t o w n , b u t t h e t r a f f i c ' s v e r y b a d .

W e ' r e m o v i n g v e r y ( o ) slow~- W h e r e a r e y o u ?

A : I ' m i n t o w n w i t h R a c h e l . I t ' s v e r y ( 1 ) b u s y / b u s i l y . W e ' r e i n a ( 2 ) b r i l l i a n t I

b r i l l i a n t l y s h o p , a n d I ' m l o o k i n g a t s o m e ( 3 ) b e a u t i f u l I b e a u t i f u l l y

e a r r i n g s .

B : W h y a r e y o u ( 4 ) s u d d e n I s u d d e n l y t a l k i n g ( s ) q u i e t I q u i e t l y ?

A : B e c a u s e I w a n t t o b u y t h e m f o r R a c h e l . I t ' s h e r b i r t h d a y o n T u e s d a y .

B : Y o u r p r e s e n t s a r e a l w a y s ( 6 ) n i c e / n i c e l y . Y o u c h o o s e t h e m v e r y

( 7 ) c a r e f u l I c a r e f u l l y .

A : T h a n k s ! W h a t t i m e w i l l y o u b e h e r e , d o y o u t h i n k ?

B : U m . . . a t a b o u t t h r e e , I t h i n k .

A : O K . S e e y o u s o o n . D r i v e ( 8 ) s a f e / s a f e l y .

2 9 m o r e s l o w l y , t h e m o s t s l o w l y

E m m a e a t s m o r e s l o w l y t h a n m e . O f a l l t h e p e o p l e i n o u r f a m i l y , E m m a e a t s t h e m o s t

s l o w l y .

T o m w o r k s h a r d e r t h a n R o b . O f a l l t h e s t u d e n t s i n m y c l a s s , T o m w o r k s t h e h a r d e s t .

T o f o r m t h e c o m p a r a t i v e a n d s u p e r l a t i v e o f a d v e r b s :

- W e a d d m o r e o r t h e m o s t b e f o r e a d v e r b s e n d i n g i n - l y :

s l o w l y - 7 m o r e s l o w l y - 7 t h e m o s t s l o w l y

- W e a d d - e r ( t h a n ) o r t h e - e s t t o o n e - s y l l a b l e a d v e r b s :

h a r d - 7 h a r d e r - 7 t h e h a r d e s t

T h e c o m p a r a t i v e a n d s u p e r l a t i v e f o r m s o f t h e s e a d v e r b s a r e d i f f e r e n t :

w e l l - ? b e t t e r - 7 t h e b e s t b a d l y - 7 w o r s e - 7 t h e w o r s t

4 3 - -

Grammar: adverbs

r--- 44

PRACTICE 29a Complete the sentences. Use the comparative or superlative.

o You can remember people ............... ~.~.~~~~. ~~~!! ............... I can. (well) 1 Kim, Kate and Jo all sing well, but Kate sings ....... ........ .. .............................. .

(beautifully) 2 Stuart explains things .... ..... ................................ .... .. Nick. (clearly) 3 Of all drivers, young people drive ................................................ (dangerously) 4 My friends and I don't eat well, but Vicky eats ..................... ...... .................... of

all of us. (badly) 5 Emma works ...... ............ ............ ................. Nikki. (hard) 6 James can run ...... ....... .. ................................ his brother. (fast)

29b Nicole and her friends are going on a camping trip. They need a leader for their group. Look at the table and complete the sentences. Use the comparative or superlative. Who would be the best leader?

Nicole Jamie Anna Robert Philip reads maps easily cooks well thinks fast listens to people carefully decides things calmly

o Nicole reads maps ............ '!!.~.~~.~.~~!?Y..~~~':'. .... ....... Jamie and Anna. 1 Philip reads maps ................................................. .

2 Robert reads maps ............ ..................................... Jamie and Anna.

3 Jamie cooks ...... ........................................... Philip and Nicole. 4 Anna cooks ... .... ..... ....... ... ... .. ....... ....... ........ . 5 Robert thinks .......................... ... ......... .. ......... Nicole, Jamie and Anna. 6 Philip thinks ......... ..... .... ... ..... .... ................... . 7 Robert listens to people ....... ............. ............................. Jamie, Anna and Philip. 8 Nicole listens to people ... .... ..... ...... ...... ......................... . 9 Nicole decides things ................................................. Jamie, Anna and Philip. 10 Robert decides things .. ............ ...................... ............. .

........................... would be the best leader.