Grade 10 Academic Science – Unit Chemistry The following is a set up “Flip Card” to help learn the definitions of the chemistry unit

Grade 10 Academic Science – Unit Chemistry

The following is a set up “Flip Card”

to help learn the definitions of the chemistry unit


Chemistry


The study of substance (e.g., composition, behaviour,

application).


Matter


Anything that has mass and takes up volume

NOTE:Everything is made of matter


Compound


A substance made of two or more different elements that are

chemically combined in a set ratio

e.g., N2O, CO2, H2SO4


Element


A substance that cannot be made into simpler substances

by ordinary means

e.g., Na is Sodium


Solution


A mixture of one substance dissolved in another

e.g., Chocolate Milk


Heterogeneous


Any combination of substances that do not have uniform

composition and properties (i.e., you can see the different substances)


Mixture


Matter that contains two or more pure substances mixed

together


Mechanical Mixture


Mixture whose components can be separated by mechanical

means; A substance consisting of two or more substances mixed

together BUT not in fixed proportions or with chemical

bonding


Homogeneous


Any combination of substances that has uniform composition and

properties; A mixture that is uniform (or the “same”) throughout


Periodic Table


A tabular arrangement of the elements arranged in order of increasing atomic

number. Elements with similar chemical properties and electronic structures appear

in vertical columns (Family)


Family


A column of elementson the Periodic Table

that have similar chemical properties

e.g., Helium, Neon and Argon are all in the Noble Gas family. They are all relatively stable, contain a full outer

orbit of electrons and exist as gases at room temperature

Grade 9 Academic Science – Unit Ecosystems

Atom


The smallest piece of any element


Electron


A negatively charged sub-atomic particle that usually

moves within “orbits” around the nucleus


Neutron


A sub-atomic particle that has no electrical charge and is

located in the nucleus of an atom


Physical Property


A characteristic of a substance that can be seen

without a new substance being produced

e.g., colour, viscosity, hardness


Chemical Change


A change in a substance that results in the formation of one or

more substances

Clues of chemical change include (1) gas formation, (2) new colour, (3) heat or light production, and (4) a solid precipitate forms in a

liquid


Ion


A charged particle that results when an atom gains or loses one or more

electrons


Physical Change


A change in a substance that does NOT involve the formation of a new

substance; a change of state

e.g., ice becomes water


Chemical Property


A characteristic of a substance that is observed

when one or more new products is produced.

e.g., ability to burn


Polyatomic Ion


Ion formed by a group of atoms with a similar charge

e.g., NO3, SO4, N2O, CO3


Determine the Ionic Charge

Mg


Mg2+


Determine the Ionic Charge

F


F1-


Complete and balance the chemical formula

K1+ + O2-


2K + O K2O



Ca2+ + Cl1-


Ca + 2Cl CaCl2



Mg2+ + NO31-


Mg + 2NO3 Mg(NO3)2


Name the type of chemical reaction

Na + Cl NaCl


Synthesis

(i.e., two become one)


Name the type of chemical reaction

NaCl + K Na + KCl


Single Displacement

i.e., one replaces one


Acid


A sour substance that dissolves in water, conducts electricity, turns

blue litmus paper red, and contains many free H+ ions


Base


A bitter tasting substance that dissolves in water, conducts

electricity, feels slippery, turns red litmus paper blue, and

contains many free OH- ion

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Grade 10 Academic Science – Unit Chemistry The following is a set up “Flip Card” to help learn the definitions of the chemistry unit