Slide 1
Putting Information and Communications Technologies to Work for
Nations and CommunitiesGIS and SDI for Sustainable Development
1Agenda
What is GIS?What is SDI?Why is SDI Critical for Development?How
is GIS Being Used In Developing Country Context?Why Does It
Matter?How Can GeoVillage Benefit Local Communities?2
Geographic Information Systems (GIS)Computerized System for
Managing and Using Intelligent Maps
GIS provides computerized tools for capturing, managing,
analyzing, and visualizing geographic informationGIS supports many
types of uses..
converting the real world to a digital form that can be used and
analyzed..and allows the comparison and display of many thematic
types of data
More importantly, GIS has analysis, query and visualization
tools to support many important uses..
Al Meel St and it allows us to use location as a way to
integrate and relate informationCensus DataCall Center
ComplaintsBuilding PermitsStudent RecordsWater Utility Customer
RecordsBusiness Customer RecordsEmergency DispatchHome DeliveryTaxi
CallsService RequestsTelephone Customer RecordsElectric Utility
Customer Records11 Al Meel St
and it allows us to use location as a way to integrate and
relate information from multiple sources in useful, and sometimes
critical ways..
Fire incident, hazard material, calculation of area likely
affected based on wind speed/direction, and notification through
reverse emergency call Identify areas affected by a road widening
projectIdentify valves to be shut off in case of water main break,
and to also find what properties will lose service so they can be
notifiedBest route for school bus based on student locations,
geocoded by addressIdentify potential environmental health and
safety issuesAssess community facility and service availability
Daily Traffic CongestionStudents with high asthma rate
Air Quality Monitoring Station
How it used to work..Building OutlinesUtility LinesParcelsStreet
CenterlinesAdministrative BoundariesStreet EdgesSpot
ElevationsSurvey Control Points
Previous survey and basemapping
How it needs to work todayToday, focus is on updating of data
topics through the day to day business transactions of different
units, according to their area of responsibilitySurvey and mapped
information updating today..
GIS today is widely used to support planning and operations in
nearly all sectors..
GIS today is widely used to support planning and operations in
nearly all sectors..
Agenda
What is GIS?What is SDI?Why is SDI Critical for Development?How
is GIS Being Used In Developing Country Context?How Can CII Benefit
Local Communities?Why Does It Matter?13Technology advances over the
years made it technically possible for more people and
organizations to be connected.
Stand AloneGIS Projects
CoordinatedGIS Systems
CooperativeDistributed Networks
Public(s) ServicesCloudSpatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)We then
had to invent new institutional frameworks to take maximum
advantage of these developments.creating recognition that
institutional structures were needed to optimize information
sharing. The result, Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) has spread
world-wide, and Abu Dhabi has one of the more advanced programmes
(AD-SDI).
New Ideas and MethodsNew Technologiesand Applications e.g.
Location Based Services, Executive Dashboard, Mobile
Applications
Geo Center of Excellence2013>65 entities involved, with over
25 data providers, 580 layers accessible through common GeoPortal,
common services, and active Technical CommitteeSDI for
Development
Executive CouncilSDI for Development
Phase 1 FoundationPhase 2 Community BuildingPhase 3
TransformationTypical Phase 1 Implementation ApproachAgenda
What is GIS?What is SDI?Why is SDI Critical for Development?How
is GIS Being Used In Developing Country Context?How Can CII Benefit
Local Communities?Why Does It Matter?18
100s of Environmental Information Networks100s of Spatial Data
Infrastructures1000s of Data Federations100s of National Mapping
Organizations100s of National Statistical Bureaus100s of
International Finance InstitutionsDozens of foundationsDozens of
Standards OrganizationsHugeGlobalChallengesFood &
watersecurityEconomicdevelopmentPovertyeliminationNatural
resourcemanagementClimate changeDisaster planning
&responseCivil stabilityPeaceProsperitySustainable
DevelopmentBiodiversityConservationMany Issues, Many Information
Communities, One Earth.Need for national, regional and global
information infrastructure and coordinated efforts well
recognized19
Vast majority of this information is never used again beyond
original projectGlobal Investment in Geospatial and Related Data is
ImmenseVery few SDIs in the developing world100s of millions of
dollars invested in the creation of geospatial data each year
globallyHugeGlobalChallengesFood &
watersecurityEconomicdevelopmentPovertyeliminationNatural
resourcemanagementClimate changeDisaster planning
&responseCivil stabilityPeaceProsperitySustainable
DevelopmentBiodiversityConservationNeed for more coordinated
development efforts and information management and utilization well
recognized20
Focused on large regional policy issuesHow to make SDI and ICT4D
relevant at the local level??Most formal information sharing
initiatives are focused at national and regional levelsCommunity
development efforts are local by definitionMany Spatial Data
Initiatives (SDI) and data federations in place in many
countriesHugeGlobalChallengesFood &
watersecurityEconomicdevelopmentPovertyeliminationNatural
resourcemanagementClimate changeDisaster planning
&responseCivil stabilityPeaceProsperitySustainable
DevelopmentBiodiversityConservationNeed for locally relevant
information infrastructure ??21How is GIS technology being used in
the International Development field today?Poverty MappingPoverty
mapping and related socioeconomic geostatistics are being used
extensively to develop better targeted poverty alleviation
interventions
Population censusHousehold surveysEmployment and
incomeDistribution of assetsLivelihood systems analysisPoverty
determinants assessmentPolicy outcome projections22How is GIS
technology being used in the International Development field
today?Project Monitoring and EvaluationGIS provides a critical
capability for tracking development projects, monitoring and
assessing their impacts, individually and cumulatively.
Project location and meta-informationFeasibility studiesProject
planning and designProject monitoring and reportingEnvironmental
impact assessmentSocial safeguards compliancePost project
operations and maintenance
23How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?Agriculture and Food SecurityGIS can be
used to help optimize arable land and agricultural resources and
infrastructure for sustainable and resilient food production and
security
Agricultural suitability assessmentFood insecurity
assessmentFarm planning and designPrecision agricultureCrop
monitoring and assessmentEarly warning assessmentCoop asset
managementFarm extension management24How is GIS technology being
used in the International Development field today?Water
SecurityAccess to clean drinking water, irrigation, watershed
management, groundwater management, and other water security
factors are addressed effectively with GIS
Weather monitoringWatershed analysisGroundwater analysisRiver
and stream monitoringWell managementIrrigation infrastructure asset
managementWater insecurity early warningWater quality
assessment25How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?Humanitarian AssistanceNatural disasters,
military conflicts, political upheaval have a disproportionately
greater impact on the poorest people in any country. GIS provides
tools for identifying, conducting and tracking humanitarian
assistance.
Humanitarian assistance asset management and trackingManagement
of Internally Displaced People (IDPs)Supply chain trackingRelief
effort planning and operationsSecurity assessment and
operationsInter-agency coordination26How is GIS technology being
used in the International Development field today?Cadastral Survey
and Land RegistrationSecure property rights support economic
growth, social stability, encourage investment in infrastructure
and land improvements and other societal benefits. GIS provides
tools to establish and manage property boundaries and titles.
Property boundary survey and mappingLand title
preparationInformal land use mappingComputer assisted tax
appraisalLand use regulation and monitoringLand suitability
assessmentProperty managementLand allocation and
reapportionment
27
Disaster Management
Natural hazard assessmentResources at risk assessmentContingency
plan preparation and drillsDisaster response supportPost-disaster
recoveryDisaster resistant community planning and design
How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?28
2010 Haiti Earthquake
2004 Banda Aceh Tsunami
1994 Northridge , USA Earthquake
2011 Horn of Africa FamineHow is GIS technology being used in
the International Development field today?Disaster ManagementGIS
has been used extensively to aid in responses to nearly every major
natural disaster since the early 1990s 29COUNTRY TOTAL MINES
Afghanistan 10,000,000 Angola 15,000,000 Austria - Azerbaijan
100,000 Belarus - Belgium - Bosnia and Herzegovina 3,000,000
Burundi - Cambodia 6,000,000 Chad 70,000 China 10,000,000 Costa
Rica - Croatia 3,000,000 Cyprus 16,942 Czech Republic - Democratic
Republic of the Congo - Denmark 9,900 Djibouti - Ecuador 60,000
Egypt 23,000,000 El Salvador 10,000 Eritrea 1,000,000 Ethiopia
500,000 Falklands Islands (Malvinas) 25,000 Georgia 150,000 Germany
- Guatemala 1,500 Honduras 35,000 India - Iran, Islamic Republic of
16,000,000 Iraq 10,000,000 Jammu and Kashmir - Jordan - Korea,
Republic of 206,193 Kuwait - Lao Peoples Democratic Republic -
Latvia 17,000 Lebanon 8,795 Liberia 18,250 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya -
Luxembourg - Mauritania - Mozambique 3,000,000 Myanmar - Namibia
50,000 Netherlands - Nicaragua 108,297 Oman - Peru - Russian
Federation - Rwanda 250,000 Senegal - Slovenia - Somalia 1,000,000
Sri Lanka - Sudan 1,000,000 Syrian Arab Republic - Tajikistan -
Thailand - Tunisia - Turkey - Uganda - Ukraine 1,000,000 Viet Nam
3,500,000 Yemen100,000 Yugoslavia 500,000 Zimbabwe - - = indicates
insufficient data to make an estimate. How is GIS technology being
used in the International Development field today?Demining
Total number of land-mines110 million in 64 countriesHuman cost
of land-mines 800 deaths a month, mostly innocent civilians, with
thousands more maimed for lifeDollar cost of land-minesTo buy one:
$3-$10 To remove one: $300-$1,000 GIS provides a critical
capability for the inventory, prioritization and tracking of mine
removal and maintaining community safety.Source: UNICEFMined area
mappingMine removal prioritization and trackingField data
collectionField crew tracking and reportingSecurity
managementPublic awareness and safety
30How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?Renewable Energy GIS is being used widely
to identify and assess renewable energy resources all over the
world, from global to local analysis
Solar potential modelingHydro power potential assessmentWind
energy potential analysisBiomasss energy potential
assessmentRenewable energy system planning and designEnergy system
asset managementOperations and maintenanceEnergy demand
modelingCustomer tracking and relationship management
31How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?Post Conflict ReconstructionRedevelopment
and security are critical to sustainable post-conflict
reconstruction and stabilization. GIS provides effective tools for
prioritizing and managing reconstruction efforts
Internally displaced person (IDP) camp siting and managementFood
and shelter distributionSecurity managementDemolition and clearing
managementProperty and housing rightsReparations
calculationReconstruction project tracking and evaluation
32How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?Health and Human ServicesGIS provides
powerful tools for health management, including the tracking and
response to chronic and communicable diseases, among other
matters.
Medical facility inventoryChronic disease assessmentEpidemiology
and outbreak tracking and responseEnvironmental healthField health
worker trackingMobile clinic mgmtRemote diagnosisAmbulance routing
and tracking
33How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?EducationGIS can be incorporated to nearly
every field and level of education, thus providing important
problem solving skills and employment opportunities
Technical trainingK-12 geographic scienceOn the job GIS
trainingHigher education and spatial thinking and problem
solvingApplied research in all sectorsCitizen engagement and
awareness buildingCareer development for continuing
educationInternational engagement in education at all levels
34How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?Climate Change
Climate change risk assessment and contingency planningEmissions
reduction planningCarbon offsets project planning and design (REDD,
Blue Carbon, etc.)Awareness buildingOngoing monitoring and
assessmentUnderstanding the type and extent of climate change
hazards and vulnerabilities to support resiliency planning and
adaptation efforts35How is GIS technology being used in the
International Development field today?Environmental ConservationGIS
has been used for many years all over the world for protection of
natural and cultural heritage and community-based conservation
Habitat mapping and analysisCommunity-based
conservationProtected areas managementEndangered species
monitoringEnvironmental monitoringEnvironmental Impact
Assessment36How is GIS technology being used in the International
Development field today?Governance and DemocracyGIS supports
effective governance and promotion of democratic principles,
especially when open data policies are adopted
Election monitoringPublic polling and opinion measurementPublic
awareness buildingSocial networkingMulti-dimension public
information exchangeOpinion trend monitoringStakeholder information
management
37How can GIS technology be used in the International
Development field today and tomorrow?Green Economy
GIS provides the tools to understand and assess the intersection
of local and regional natural and socioeconomic systems, and to
plan and develop communities and economies that can evolve in ways
that are sustainable, resilient and adaptable to disruptive change,
and supportive of human and ecological well-being and social
equity.
EconomyEnvironmentSocialOptimize utilization of local natural
resources and ecosystem servicesProvide opportunities for
sustainable econommic development and growthMinimize impacts to
local ecosystemsSupport social equityMinimize and mitigate risks,
while maximizing opportunitiesProvide evidence based monitoring and
evaluation as basis for ongoing adaptive management
38Agenda
What is GIS?What is SDI?Why is SDI Critical for Development?How
is GIS Being Used In Developing Country Context?How Can CII Benefit
Local Communities?Why Does It Matter?39
Schools ProjectWatershed Restoration ProgramAgroforestry
ProjectInformal Settlement RegularizationFlood Protection
ProjectAgriculture Irrigation ProjectRoad Construction ProjectWater
Supply ImprovementCommunity ElectrificationLand Title ProgramMany
development needsMultiple projectsDifferent sectorsDifferent
AgenciesDifferent sources of project financingDifferent sources of
technical supportDifferent project implementersDifferent scales of
projectsDifferent timeframesVariable local capacityDuplication in
data collectionNo comprehensive picture of the development
situationMost projects developed with poor information
Sewer Treatment FacilityCommunity
ElectrificationDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataData$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$SDI
for Development
Schools ProjectWatershed Restoration ProgramAgroforestry
ProjectInformal Settlement RegularizationFlood Protection
ProjectAgriculture Irrigation ProjectRoad Construction ProjectWater
Supply ImprovementCommunity ElectrificationLand Title
ProgramInternational Finance Institutions and Technical Assistance
providers not aware of each others projectsProject implementers
unaware of each others projectsGovernment may lack complete picture
across all sectors
Sewer Treatment FacilityCommunity
ElectrificationDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataData$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$SDI
for Development
Many projects already creating dataScattered informationLittle
or no coordination across sectors for projectsNo requirements to
repatriate dataVariable local capacity to maintain and use dataNo
facility to coordinate data sharing across sectorsInvestment in
data not leveraged beyond the initial purposeSame data collected
many timesLost data, lost opportunity
DataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataData$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$SDI
for Development
Good information can increase positive impact and reduce
riskDe-risking projects can attract more finance options (sovereign
funds, private sector, foundations, etc.)SDI for
DevelopmentInformationRiskPoor information = more riskBetter
information = less risk
What required to retain and reuse the information we have and
attract additional
investment???DataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataDataData$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$SDI
for DevelopmentCommon Data Repository$$$InformationRiskBetter
information = less riskPoor information = more risk
SDI for DevelopmentCommon Data Repository$$$
Policy acknowledging project coordination and SDI function in
government as an enabling environment for effective and sustainable
development
Policy requiring repatriation of project data to host
governmentProject and information coordinationCapacity to
effectively manage and use data and toolsCapacity building
programCentral unitAgenciesOther StakeholdersWhat required to
retain and reuse this information investment???Agenda
What is GIS?What is SDI?Why is SDI Critical for Development?How
is GIS Being Used In Developing Country Context?Why Does It
Matter?How Can GeoVillage Benefit Local Communities?46
Putting Information and Communications Technologies to Work for
Local Community DevelopmenteGovernment for the Bottom of the
Pyramid
47
What is GeoVillage - Community Information
Infrastructure?GeoVillage is a conceptual framework and platform
for the planning, development, operation and management of a
locally-based information infrastructure to support sustainable and
resilient community development. The infrastructure comprises
several technical and organizational parts that fit together to put
information and communications technology and GIS for development
to work for local communities.
Linked together, a network of distributed GeoVillage nodes
provides a scalable framework for shared information, best
practices, and coordinated actions at the community, town, region
and national levels that can be linked to other eGovernment,
Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) and equivalent information
sharing federations.48Many enabling technologies becoming more
accessible, affordable, and familiar to more people across the
worldMany innovative applications of information and communications
technology for development (ICT4D) arising all over the developing
world. These are having a significant impact on social and economic
development in many parts of the worldDevelopment projects often
lack sufficient environmental, infrastructure and socioeconomic
contextual and place-specific information to properly condition,
design, and monitor local projects effectivelyMuch information that
is needed in common is collected by different government and
non-government entities in the development community for individual
projects and programs and at different levels (village to region),
but few mechanisms in place to share information across the
community, or to even to repatriate information to beneficiaries
for future use
Issue Statement49Issue StatementInformal economies in many
countries in transition are as important, if not more important
than the formal economy, but few policy or infrastructure responses
in place to leverage this latent resource baseKeeping communities
proactively engaged in defining local needs and informed in regards
to development initiatives in their communities is fundamental to
transformative changeFocused and coordinated development approaches
needed to take maximum advantage of the limited resources
availableLessons learned from Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI),
Information and Communications Technology for Development (ICT4D),
and crowd-sourcing programs and initiatives around the world
provide important foundations for a new kind of infrastructure
Community Information Infrastructure50
Telecommunications
Renewable Energy Power Generation
MicroGridFoundation Enabling Infrastructure
GeoVillage Foundation Infrastructure can be provided for those
communities that lack telecommunications and electrification51Cloud
Computing ResourcesInternetgvNET Mobile Phone, Internet, Email and
VoIPgvVIEW Geographic Information SystemgvPROJECT Project
Management and Monitoring SystemgvCOMMUNITY Local Community
WebsitegvSUCCEEDBest Practices and Success StoriesgvFINANCEAccess
to Microfinance NetworksgvBANKElectronic Banking
ServicesgvTRADEMarket Prices, Barter, Exchange, Local and Export
Sales
gvHEALTHRemote Health Network ServicesgvLEARNRemote Learning
Network AccessgvJOBSEmployment OpportunitiesgvGROWAgriculture
Extension Services
52
gvVIEW Geographic Information System
Consolidation of relevant data for local development area
(LDA)Inventory of existing situationAnalysis of development issues,
opportunities and constraintsInformation confirmed and refined
through community social networking
53
gvPROJECT Project Management and Monitoring System
GIS opportunity and constraint analyses linked with community
and multi-donor engagement process to support better project
formulationTrack multi-donor and multi-sector project locations,
resources and statusGenerate project status reports and maps
54
gvNET Mobile Phone, Internet, Email and VoIP
Provide basic telephony services and points to charge
phonesAccess through low cost handsets and other portable
devicesProvide local advanced services for internet, email and
VoIPPrepaid subscription provides credits for GeoVillage
services
55gvCOMMUNITY Local Community Website
Represent local issues and provide community information Website
could act as a portal to other gv servicesGV Service providers
provided with templates and showcase example local community
websites as a starting point
56
gvSUCCEEDBest Practices and Success Stories
Provide a Wiki-based framework for compiling, searching and
accessing relevant success stories, best practices and the
likeFocus on subject areas, issues and technologies that are
relevant to community development locally
57
gvFINANCEAccess to Microfinance Networks
Many channels for microfinance now available across the
worldProvide an online application to identify which microfinance
institutions may be appropriate for a given need, as well as
tutorials, help guides and models for how to prepare and submit
funding requests
58gvPAYElectronic Payment Services
SMS or online transactions, with secure authenticationReduce
transaction costs to financial institutionsReduce transaction costs
to remote customers (avoid half-day travel to physical bank, reduce
security risks)
59gvTRADEMarket Prices, Barter, Exchange, Local and Export
Sales
Establish mechanism for tracking and publishing market prices
for common products. Local in this case would refer to logical
economic market areas for local subsistence useProvide an online
market that in addition to cash sales can also accommodate barter
and exchange transitionsFor selected products, provide a framework
for connecting local primary producers with consolidators or
regional and international export sellers. Focus on fair trade
channels and other avenues that protect the interests of primary
producers
60gvJOBSEmployment Opportunities
Local and regional employment boards (long term, temporary and
seasonal)Job training opportunitiesOnline job opportunities
61gvHEALTHRemote Health Network Services
Access to health information networks and resourcesRemote
consultation and diagnosisEpidemiological reportingEnvironmental
health and chronic disease reportingAccess to clinics and mobile
facilitiesAccess to medical supply materialEmergency response
support
62
gvLEARNRemote Learning Network Access
Connect to education networks at various levelsAccess to online
teaching and learning resourcesTrade school and certificate
programsConnecting schools and teachers for professional and
cultural exchangeHome school optionsStudent to Student networking
for learning
63
gvGROWRemote Agriculture Extension Services
Support existing field extension servicesConnectivity across
agricultural communities and professional extension officersForum
for sharing issues, ideas and best practicesAccess to
infrastructure, markets, finance, and bankingAccess to fair trade
certification services and marketing
64
Who benefits from GeoVillage?Community, self-Help Groups, Local
Development Agencies, and NGO'sBasic telephone and electrical
services for areas that don't have it. Promoting rural economic
development and livelihoods, where progress can be accelerated
through electrification and clean energy services, organizational
support and promotion of local entrepreneurship and capacity
building and training.Electrical service providersSet up of rural
energy service companies (ESCO's) and local enterprises in
unelectrified and under-electrified regions in rural areas, and tap
the rural electrification opportunity through off-grid renewable
energy solutions.Telephone service providersOpen new markets in
rural areas, and expand services in existing emerging market areas.
Cell tower operators seeking to reduce their dependence on
diesel-based generation systems and build greener operations can be
early adopters for consuming electrical services from rural
energy-service companies and provide sites that can be anchor
loads.65
Who benefits from GeoVillage?Local government andcommunity
representativesPromote local economic development and investment.
Provide channels for strengthening public access to education,
finance, agricultural extension, medical, and other important
community services.Donor agenciesProvide better formulated and
managed aid and technical assistance projects and programs. Better
coordination among donors and with the government. Support
multi-sector community services, capacity building and training
support for rural development, and / or are providing output-based
aid, loss-defaultguarantees to lenders or other financial
aid.Policy players and governmentagenciesDrive rural
electrification, distributed renewable energy and economic and
social development mandates. Support the development of
multi-sector coordination among government, donors, companies and
international organizations in regards to sustainable and resilient
local community development. 66
Who benefits from GeoVillage?Companies, industries and
businessesOpen new rural markets, and seeking assured and
affordable electricity supply, telephone services, and strengthened
local labor marketsLendersProvide loans for capital infrastructure
and working capital: both for rural energy-service companies,
telephone and other GeoVillage services and other rural
enterprises.Impact investorsSupport those looking to make
investments: either at the project level or at the program level:
both for rural energy-service companies, telephone and other
GeoVillage services and other and the rural enterprises67
Community, self-Help Groups, Local Development Agencies, and
NGO'sPrepaid subscriber fees, supported through mobile banking
services to cover phone, electrical and other GeoVillage service
fees.Electrical service providersStartup capital investment for
infrastructure through various sources.Telephone service
providersInfrastructure provided by telephone service provider.
Fees paid to electrical services business unit for electricity
provided to operate the tower(s) and other needsWho pays for
GeoVillage?68
Local government andcommunity representativesOperational budgets
from government to support local operations as government function,
or fees to Local GV Service ProviderDonor agenciesSubsidy funding
and/or user fees paid Local GV Service Provider where needed to
support initial development and operations until facility can be
financially self-sustaining. Once established, user fees paid to
Local GV Service Provider when facilities needed to support local
project activitiesPolicy players and governmentagenciesSubsidy
funding and/or user fees paid Local GV Service Provider where
needed to support initial development and operations until facility
can be financially self-sustaining. Who pays for GeoVillage?69
Companies, industries and businessesUser fees paid to Local GV
Service Provider for services usedLendersProvide loans for capital
infrastructure and working capital: both for rural energy-service
companies, telephone and other GeoVillage services and other rural
enterprises. Loans repaid through operating revenueImpact
investorsProvide loans for capital infrastructure and working
capital: both for rural energy-service companies, telephone and
other GeoVillage services and other rural enterprises. Loans repaid
through operating revenueWho pays for GeoVillage?70
GeoVillageCommunity Information Infrastructure
71How can GIS technology be used in the International
Development field today and tomorrow?
GIS provides the tools to understand and assess the intersection
of local and regional natural and socioeconomic systems, and to
plan and develop communities and economies that can evolve in ways
that are sustainable, resilient and adaptable to disruptive change,
and supportive of human and ecological well-being and social
equity.
EconomyEnvironmentSocialIs increased GIS, SDI, and ICT for
development at multiple scales feasible??What challenges??72
Perception #1 - There is no local information
available..GeoVillageCommunity Information InfrastructureExperience
suggests that in most cases there is vastly more information
existing than most people realize because it is scattered across
many agencies and in many different forms. Fundamental Data
Uncovered Through Data Inventory and Assessment Activity
Wide variety of data often available in different government and
commercial sourcesSector-specific data from local government
sourcesInternational organizationsNGOs and charitable
organizationsPrivate companies (international and
local)Declassified information from security and military
sourcesCrowd-sourced information (e.g. USHAIDI, Open Street Map,
etc.)
7374Enabling TechnologiesCell phones outpacing electrification
in many parts of the worldMobile devices increasingly able to
connect to Internet and are location-awareMixed media can provide
access for semi-literateCommunications infrastructure seen as
development priority in most countriesCloud computing reducing need
for heavy local computing resourcesDistributed options for local
renewable energy sources becoming more feasibleGeoVillageCommunity
Information Infrastructure
Cloud ComputingGlobal TelecommunicationsGlobal Positioning
Satellites (GPS)
Perception #2 - The people are not ready for technology
74
75Price of basic computers has declined drastically while
capabilities have soared ICT4D bringing lots of low cost,
appropriate tech solutions in response to real world needsEducation
systems at all levels in most parts of the world incorporating
computing at some level
GeoVillageCommunity Information InfrastructurePerception #3 -
Technology is expensive.
75
76Cell phone adoption faster than any other technology adoption
in history;Social networking placeholderMobile telephony and basic
computing in wide usage in the developing world and growing
rapidly;Basic technology only requires basic literacy, but
encourages increased literacy and technology familiarity through
usage for practical purposes.
GeoVillageCommunity Information InfrastructurePerception #4 -
Change is difficult.
76
77Cell phone adoption faster than any other technology adoption
in history;Social networking placeholderMobile telephony and basic
computing in wide usage in the developing world and growing
rapidly;Basic technology only requires basic literacy, but
encourages increased literacy and technology familiarity through
usage for practical purposes.
GeoVillageCommunity Information InfrastructurePerception #4 -
Change is difficult.
77Agenda
What is GIS?What is SDI?Why is SDI Critical for Development?How
is GIS Being Used In Developing Country Context?How Can CII Benefit
Local Communities?Why Does It Matter?78SDI for DevelopmentBetter
information needed for better development project planning and
execution;Better planned and coordinated projects produce better
results and attract more investment;There is already significant
investment in data going on, but it is not retained for use beyond
initial project;Leveraging this investment requires a combination
of high level direction and support, institutional cooperation, and
capacity building;Policies are required for government and
international finance institutions and development aid
organizations to recognize SDI as a sustainable development
enabling environment, and to require that data produced from
projects is submitted to the host government;Local communities need
local solutions ICT4D is bringing new opportunities that can be
tailored to local conditions. The GeoVillage concept provides an
organized framework for government to facilitate local
solutions;The return on investment in SDI and GeoVillage can be
many times over..and the positive societal impacts to communities
immeasurable.
Putting Information and Communications Technologies to Work for
Nations and CommunitiesGIS and SDI for Sustainable Development
80
