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Gorman, Stubbs, & CEP Inc.

Introduction to Operating Systems

Lesson 14

Novell Netware 6.0

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.02

Objectives

Install NetWare server software 6.0 Describe Novell’s network objects. Effectively use Novell ConsoleOne to

create NDS objects. Manage a NetWare file system with

volumes, directories, and files. Create NetWare users and groups. Secure the NetWare network

environment.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.03

Pre-installation of Netware 5.1

Minimum Hardware Requirements

Recommended

Processor Intel Pentium II or higher processor

Display Super VGA or higher resolution

DOS partition At least 200MB or higher with 200MB of free space

Memory At least 256MB of RAM

Network board One or more network boards

Mouse PS/2 USB or serial mouse

CD-ROM 18X or higher speed CD-ROM drive

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.04

Other Necessary Tools

NetWare 6.0 operating system CD NetWare 6.0 License and Cryptography

diskette DOS 3.3 or later (Novell DOS 7 is included on

the NetWare 6.0 License/Cryptography diskette)– Do not use the version of DOS that comes with

Windows 98 or NT.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.05

The Three Stages of Installing Netware

1. Creating a DOS partition

2. Text-based portion of setup

3. Graphical portion of setup

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.06

Novell’s Network Objects

NDS (Novell Directory Services) is a global database of network objects and users.

NDS uses a tree structure to organize all network objects.

There are three major objects contained in the NDS database:– Root objects– Container objects– Leaf objects

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.07

The Root Object

The root object is the beginning of the NDS tree.

All NDS objects exist in the root. Each NDS tree can have only one root.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.08

The Container Object

Container objects organize the NDS tree. There are four main types of container objects:

– Organization objects– Organizational Unit objects– Country objects– Locality objects

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.09

The Leaf Object

Leaf objects hold information about network resources, such as servers and printers.

The system creates two leaf objects during installation:– The NetWare Server object– The Admin user object

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.010

Novell ConsoleOne

ConsoleOne is an administrative utility that provides a single point of administration for network resources.

ConsoleOne requires a 200 MHz or faster processor, 128MB of RAM, and 37MB of disk space.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.011

Disk Management

The main components of the NetWare file system are– Volumes– Directories– Files

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.012

Volumes

Volumes are used to organize the network space that is allocated for storing programs and files for access by the network.

The system can use volumes to allocate disk space in three ways:– One volume per disk drive– Multiple volumes per disk drive– One volume spanning multiple disk drives (up to 32)

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.013

Data Storage

Data is stored in volumes in units called blocks. A block is the amount of data read to or written

from a volume at a time. Suballocation allows data from multiple files to

be stored on the same block.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.014

Guidelines for Using Volumes

Up to 64 volumes are definable on one NetWare Server. The following rules apply to volumes:– Volume names must be from 2 to 15 characters

long.– Each volume on the server must have a

different name.– Spaces, commas, backslashes, and periods are

invalid characters in volume names.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.015

Suggested Guidelines for Using Volumes

Always reserve the SYS volume for operating system files. Create one or more volumes for applications and data

files. If fault tolerance is vital, create only one volume per disk

drive. If disk performance is vital, span volumes over multiple

disk drives. If both performance and fault tolerance are important,

mirror the disk drives

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.016

Directories

Directories organize files and restrict the amount of space that certain users or applications can use on a volume.

The operating system stores required files and utilities in three directories on the SYS volume:– Login directory– Public directory– System directory

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.017

Guidelines for Creating Directories

As a network administrator, you are responsible for creating directories necessary for the company to meet its needs.

There are four directory types suggested by Novell:– Application directories– Shared directories– DOS directories– User Home directories

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.018

Files

Files are used to store data on the network. At the beginning of each volume, NetWare

stores the filename, location, owner, creation/access dates, and attributes in an area called the directory entry table (DET).

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.019

File and Folder Security

The type of file system used on the drive determines the level of security that can be set.

With NTFS, owners and administrators can set file and folder security.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.020

Creating Users

Before creating user and group objects, the container object must be created that will hold these users and groups.

Properties can be assigned to each user to control their access to the network.

To make the creation of many users with common restrictions easier, it is possible to create user templates.

Single users and user templates are created using the ConsoleOne utility.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.021

Creating Groups

Groups are created to provide two or more users access to shared resources, rather than repeating the same access rights for multiple users.

Groups are created using the ConsoleOne utility.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.022

The Netware Security Model

Login Security—Used to ensure that only authorized users have access to the network.

NDS Security—Used to control users’ abilities to view, access, create, or modify objects and their associated properties.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.023

Login Security

User account restrictions can be set up to make sure that the user logging onto the network is authorized to do so.

Intruder detection works at the container level by setting a limit on the number of incorrect login attempts that can be made by a user within the container.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.024

NDS Security

All objects have a property called the Access Control List (ACL). This contains the names of users, groups, or containers that have been given access rights to that object.

There are two categories of user rights:– Object rights– Property rights

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.025

Object Rights

Right Ability

Supervisor Grants all access privileges

Browse Grants the right to see objects in the directory tree

Create Grants the right to create objects in the directory tree; only for container objects

Delete Grants the right to delete an object from the directory tree

Rename Grants the right to rename an object in the directory tree

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.026

Property Rights

Right Ability

Supervisor Grants all rights to the property

Read Grants the right to view the stored values in the properties field

Compare A special type of Read property that allows the user to compare the value of a property to a fixed value returning the value of True or False without revealing the contents of the property

Write Grants users the right to add themselves as a value of the property

Add Self Grants users the right to add themselves as a value of the property

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.027

Summary

Novell has a global database of network objects and users called NDS to which all servers on the network have access.

The NDS database contains three major objects: the root object, container objects, and leaf objects.

ConsoleOne is the NetWare administrative tool that provides a single point of administration.

The main components of the NetWare file system are volumes, directories, and files.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.028

Summary (continued)

To establish security in a network environment, every user needs to have a unique logon name.

Because some of the user object properties are common to many users, you can create User Templates within each container object to make creating user objects simpler. Rather than repeating the same access rights for multiple users, you can create a group with access rights.

A NetWare administrator must ensure that the network is properly secured, including limiting users of the network to the resources they need to accomplish their daily tasks.

Lesson 14 – Novell NetWare 6.029

Summary (continued)

NDS Security allows users to view, access, create, or modify objects and their properties. All objects have an ACL property which contains the names of users, groups, or containers that have been given access rights to that object.

Rights are divided into object rights and property rights.

Effective rights are the actual rights a user has to an object; they declare what actions a user can perform with NDS objects.