goodbye! ….goodbye! ….

to all things that are to all things that are connected by cable……connected by cable……

NOW it can be connected NOW it can be connected using….using….

WIRELESS WIRELESS COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIESTECHNOLOGIES

What is communication?• Communication is the process of sharing ideas, information, and messages with others in a particular time and place.

It’s Importance• Communication is a vital part of personal life and is also important in business, education, and any other situation where people encounter each other.

Due to the various constraints of cost ,time and space we have

given birth to WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

WIRELESS WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONCOMMUNICATION

MERITS

• Easier to connect devices.

• Freedom of space.

• Easy connectivity in areas where cables are hard to lay.

• Long-term cost benefits in dynamic environment.

DE-MERITS

• Initial setup cost is high

• Present transfer rates offered by wireless do not match the transfer rates of wired connectivity.

•Security is more difficult to guarantee.

• Long-term cost benefits are least in static environments.

ClassificationClassification

WIRELESS PERSONAL WIRELESS PERSONAL AREA NETWORKS (WPAN)AREA NETWORKS (WPAN)

Primarily deals with interfacing your personal devices.

PDA’s, Laptops, Cellular Phones etc. can be interfaced for effective data communication

They generally have a short range with minimum power consumption

WPAN TechnologiesWPAN Technologies

BluetoothIEEE 802.15IrDAUltrawideband (UWB)

BLUETOOTHBLUETOOTH It’s an emerging WPAN technology.

Developed by “Special Interest Group (SIG)” formed in 1998.

Founding members include Ericsson, Nokia, Intel, IBM and Toshiba.

At present the number of participating companies is now over 1,500.

Bluetooth – Technical DetailsBluetooth – Technical Details

Operating Frequency

Transfer Rate

Range

Power Consumption

2.4 GHz

1.0 Mbps

10 meters

Very less

Bluetooth: WorkingBluetooth: Working

Max of 8 devices can be connected

The 8 devices form 1 Piconet

1 device acts as the master and the remaining 7 are slaves

Each slave is assigned a 3 bit address

Two piconets in range form a Scatternet

A device in one piconet can act as a master or slave in another piconet

2 piconets can share data based on mutual agreement

Interfacing Your PDA , Laptop, Cell Phone

• At home it Functions as cordless phone with normal landline charges

• On the move it acts as cellular phone with cellular charges

• When it comes in range with another blue tooth enabled phone it performs the functions of a walkie talkie with no charges

The 3 In 1 Phone

Other WPAN TechnologiesOther WPAN TechnologiesIEEE 802.15 :

• Developed by the IEEE for short range communication

• Not compatible with Bluetooth or the family of IEEE 802.11 family but uses both their elements

• Data rates of 20 Mbps

• Consumes 50% more power than Bluetooth

Ultrawideband (UWB) :

• It’s still in development phases

• Claims to have a transfer rate of 100Mbps at 10m range

• Products with UWB is not expected to release before 2005

WIRELESS LOCAL AREA WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK (WLAN)NETWORK (WLAN)

WLAN technologies are used to replace or extend the capabilities of wired LAN.

Range and data transfer rates are better when compared to WPAN technologies.

WLAN technologies are preferred in College Campuses ,Office Networks etc.

WLAN TechnologiesWLAN Technologies

IEEE 802.11bIEEE 802.11aIEEE 802.11gHiperlan2 (High Performance Local Area

Networks )

IEEE 802.11b or Wi-FiIEEE 802.11b or Wi-Fi

Developed by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers).

One of the first universally accepted WLAN protocols and therefore is very popular.

Offers good data rates and security.

IEEE 802.11b – Technical IEEE 802.11b – Technical DetailsDetails

Operating Frequency

Transfer Rate

Range

Power Consumption

2.4 GHz

11.0 Mbps

100 meters

Nominal

IEEE 802.11b : WORKINGIEEE 802.11b : WORKING

Two primarily used networks topologies are

1. Basic Service Set (BSS)

2. Extended Basic Service Set (EBSS)

Security Each terminal is

identified by a 128 bit encryption code

The IEEE 802.11b provides the option of WEP (Wired equivalency Privacy) i.e. encryption of data transmitted

Ad Hoc Network

C1

C2 C3 C4

Basic Service Set (BSS) or Basic Service Set (BSS) or The Ad-Hoc StructureThe Ad-Hoc Structure

Extended Basic Service Set Extended Basic Service Set (EBSS)(EBSS)

BSS -B

Access Point AP 2

C3 C4

BSS -A

C1 C2

Access Point AP 1

Main Server

Other WLAN TechnologiesOther WLAN TechnologiesIEEE 802.11a• Offers Higher Data rates (54 Mbps)

• Waiting for approval in Europe

• Not compatible with IEEE 802.11b since the operating frequency is 5GHz

• IEEE 802.11g offers the data rates of IEEE 802.11a and also operates at 2.4 GHz waiting for approval in US an Europe

Hiperlan 2:• High Performance Local Area Network

• Developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute

• Offers data rates similar to IEEE 802.11a and operates at 5 GHz

Wireless Wide Area Networks Wireless Wide Area Networks (WWAN)(WWAN)

• WWAN technologies are primarily used for cellular communication

• Cellular Service Providers aim at providing additional features rather than just voice communication

• The present 2G technology supports voice and limited data technology.

• The 3G system focuses on multimedia content (voice,data,movies,fax etc.)

Cellular Technology StructureCellular Technology Structure

CELLULAR TECHNOLOGIES

GSM (2G)

GPRS (2.5G)

EDGE (3G)

UTMS 2000 (3G)

CDMA (2G)

CDMA 1xRTT (2.5G)

CDMA 2000 (3G)

WWAN TechnologiesWWAN Technologies

GSM : Global Mobile System (2G technology)

Used in Over 170 countries

Combination of TDMA and FDMA

Extensively used in Europe

Operates at 900 MHz,1.8GHz or 1.9Ghz

CDMA : Code Division Multiple Access (2G)

Used in North America Generally more efficient in

comparison to GSM Operates at 1.25Ghz

Welcome to the Welcome to the WIRELESS WORLDWIRELESS WORLD