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Goal 2 Test corrections due FridayGoal 2 Test corrections due Friday

Bell Ringers 1-11 (not #4) due FridayBell Ringers 1-11 (not #4) due Friday

War Begins

-Election of 1860: Lincoln elected

-Secession of lower states (withdrawal)

-Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis President

-Firing on Ft. Sumter—begins Civil War (April 12, 1861)

-Virginia Secedes followed by Ark., NC, and Tenn.

-11 States Leave Union = Confederacy

Modern War

-Uses both old and new methods of war

-Cavalry, Muzzle Rifles, Battlefield Formations

New Technologies

-Railroads, telegraph, drafts, submarines, armored ships, observation balloons

Improved communications and transportation

Strategy-Union

-Anaconda Plan or Constrictor Plan

developed by Winfield Scott

1. Blockade Southern ports

2. Split South at Mississippi River

3. Capture capital of CSA at Richmond

-divide the south through the Mississippi and control access to its ports

Strategy-Confederacy

-defensive battle defending home!

-European recognition – they asked for help from Britain & France but never received it

Advantages-Union

-most of the population = more troops

-large advantages in resources = more money & supplies

-most of the transportation and industry

Advantages-Confederacy

-defending their homes

-strong sectional pride

-better military tradition and leadership, well trained generals and leaders

Know the land and accustomed to climate

Government Powers

-both sides had to increase central government powers

-raise an army

-supply armies

-finance the war

-suppress any opposition

-Copperheads: N. Democrats that opposed war

Raising Armies

-Northern Advantage b/c of larger population

-volunteers at first

-drafts begin (known as conscription)

-riots NY City

-bounties paid (to hunt for draft dodgers)

-substitution possible (could use slave in place of yourself)

-many volunteers

Supplying Armies

-Union Advantages

-Industrial Capacity

-Transportation Capabilities

-Financial Centers

Confederate Problems

-Foraging the land

-Shortages of food and supplies

War Politics

-War to Preserve Union

-civil rights were restricted by both sides

-habeas corpus suspended right to know why you are being held/arrested

-Emancipation Debated

Needed higher cause

-Emancipation Proclamation

Jan. 1, 1863, by Lincoln: freed slaves in enemy territory

Ended south’s source of labor

Others in the War

-African Americans

Segregated Forces faced discrimination

54th Massachusetts well-known African American regiment

-Women

Nursing

Clara Barton- nurse, founded American Red Cross, “Angel of the Battlefield”

Soldier’s Lives

-disillusionment of war

-filthy conditions

-poor food

-bad medical care

Disease was the largest cause of death!

-prison camps Horrid conditions

Andersonville CSA prison camp

The Civil War began with The Civil War began with

a.a. South Carolina seceding from the UnionSouth Carolina seceding from the Union

b.b. Illegal formation of the CSAIllegal formation of the CSA

c.c. Attack on Lawrence, Kansas, a center of free-Attack on Lawrence, Kansas, a center of free-soiler activitysoiler activity

d.d. Confederate attack on Ft. SumterConfederate attack on Ft. Sumter

What did Clara Barton, the “angel of the What did Clara Barton, the “angel of the battlefield” found?battlefield” found?

a.a. American Red CrossAmerican Red Cross

b.b. FEMAFEMA

c.c. Nurses of AmericaNurses of America

d.d. Blue Cross and ShieldBlue Cross and Shield

Which of the following was an advantage the Which of the following was an advantage the South had going into the Civil War?South had going into the Civil War?

a.a. Larger armyLarger army

b.b. More miles of railroadMore miles of railroad

c.c. Greater number of factoriesGreater number of factories

d.d. More experienced generalsMore experienced generals

Which of the following was an advantage the Which of the following was an advantage the North over the South during the Civil War?North over the South during the Civil War?

a.a. More experienced generalsMore experienced generals

b.b. Military support from BritainMilitary support from Britain

c.c. More money to spend on the warMore money to spend on the war

d.d. Full support of its citizensFull support of its citizens

The Emancipation Proclamation freedThe Emancipation Proclamation freed

a.a. All slavesAll slaves

b.b. All slaves in enemy territoryAll slaves in enemy territory

c.c. All slaves living in western territoryAll slaves living in western territory

d.d. All slaves in Union statesAll slaves in Union states

During the Civil War, the South hoped toDuring the Civil War, the South hoped to

a.a. Capture New York CityCapture New York City

b.b. Convince Britain and France to intervene on Convince Britain and France to intervene on the Confederate sidethe Confederate side

c.c. Form armies of enslaved African AmericansForm armies of enslaved African Americans

d.d. Build a huge, modern navyBuild a huge, modern navy

Why did Lincoln call upon 75,000 volunteers Why did Lincoln call upon 75,000 volunteers in April of 1861?in April of 1861?

a.a. Union victory at Bull RunUnion victory at Bull Run

b.b. The South had secededThe South had seceded

c.c. Union loss at AntietamUnion loss at Antietam

d.d. Shots had been fired at Ft. SumterShots had been fired at Ft. Sumter

All of the following were part of the North’s All of the following were part of the North’s Constrictor plan except?Constrictor plan except?

a.a. Capturing the capital at RichmondCapturing the capital at Richmond

b.b. Capturing the Mississippi River Capturing the Mississippi River

c.c. Capturing the President of the CSACapturing the President of the CSA

d.d. Capturing and blockading Southern portsCapturing and blockading Southern ports

Which of the following statements is Which of the following statements is FALSE?FALSE?

a.a. Andersonville Prison camp was notorious for Andersonville Prison camp was notorious for its dreadful conditionsits dreadful conditions

b.b. Both sides restricted civil liberties through Both sides restricted civil liberties through habeas corpus during the war habeas corpus during the war

c.c. The Copperheads were a group of Democrats The Copperheads were a group of Democrats that advocated the South be punished for that advocated the South be punished for secessionsecession

d.d. African Americans served in segregated units African Americans served in segregated units during the Civil Warduring the Civil War

Which of the following statements BEST Which of the following statements BEST explains whyexplains why Lincoln issued the Emancipation Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation? Proclamation?

a.a. To free all slaves in the United StatesTo free all slaves in the United States

b.b. To put an end to the South’s main labor To put an end to the South’s main labor source source

c.c. To help get support from Britain for the North To help get support from Britain for the North

d.d. To allow former slaves to work in factories in To allow former slaves to work in factories in the North the North